CN111054986A - Method for cutting carburization die steel with electric pulse assistance - Google Patents
Method for cutting carburization die steel with electric pulse assistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN111054986A CN111054986A CN201911328827.4A CN201911328827A CN111054986A CN 111054986 A CN111054986 A CN 111054986A CN 201911328827 A CN201911328827 A CN 201911328827A CN 111054986 A CN111054986 A CN 111054986A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H5/00—Combined machining
- B23H5/04—Electrical discharge machining combined with mechanical working
Abstract
A method for cutting carburization die steel with electric pulse assistance belongs to the technical field of die steel machining processes and is used for cutting the surface of high-hardness carburization die steel. The technical scheme is as follows: the clamps at the two ends of the workpiece are respectively connected with a high-energy pulse power supply, pulse current is emitted from the positive pole of the pulse power supply, and returns to the negative pole of the pulse power supply through the clamps at the two ends of the workpiece and the carburization die steel workpiece to form a complete current loop; the selected electric pulse frequency is 300-600 Hz, and the root mean square current density is 0.5-1.1 A.mm‑2(ii) a The clamp drives the clamped workpiece to rotate, the cutter table is moved, and the cutter is used for cutting the workpiece. The electric pulse current of the invention improves the plastic deformation capability of the surface of the carburization die steel workpiece, obviously improves the processing difficulty of the carburization die steel, improves the smoothness of the processed surface of the workpiece, greatly improves the problem of serious abrasion of the cutter, and greatly prolongs the service life of the cutter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cutting process for high-hardness carburized die steel surface by electric pulse auxiliary cutting, belonging to the technical field of die steel machining processes.
Background
The die steel is used for manufacturing dies, and products mainly comprise a cold stamping die, a hot forging die, a die-casting die and the like, and further comprise the production of guide pillars and guide sleeves. Since the quality of the die determines the quality of a plurality of industrial products and the development potential of new products, the development status of die steel can reflect the industrial development degree and the manufacturing level of a country to a certain extent.
In the manufacturing process of the die, many dies are carburized after being formed, and then are quenched and tempered at low temperature, so that the surfaces of the dies have high hardness and high wear resistance, and the inner parts of the dies have excellent toughness. The 20Cr carburizing steel has good comprehensive mechanical property after quenching and low-temperature tempering, good low-temperature impact toughness and unobvious tempering brittleness. The tempered forming die is sometimes required to be cut, the carbon content of the surface of 20Cr carburizing steel is high, the hardness is very high, the plasticity is poor, the low plasticity enables the contact area between a cutting area and a cutter to be small, and the pressure on a cutting edge during cutting is high, so that the cutter is seriously worn in the turning process, the smoothness of the surface after cutting is not high, the edge breaking phenomenon is easy to occur, a large amount of consumption of the cutter is caused, and the production and processing cost is greatly improved.
The principle of electric pulse machining is that a small discharge gap (several microns to several tens of microns) is continuously maintained between a tool electrode (red copper or graphite) and a workpiece, the workpiece itself serves as a workpiece electrode, when pulse voltage is applied between the two electrodes, spark discharge is generated between the tool electrode and the workpiece electrode under the action of an electric field, and instantaneous high temperature of about 10000 ℃ is generated in a discharge channel, so that metal is rapidly melted and even vaporized. After each spark discharge, a tiny pit is formed on the surface of the workpiece, the pulse discharge process is continuous, and as the tool electrode is continuously fed to the workpiece electrode, numerous small pits for electroerosion are overlapped on the surface of the workpiece, so that the purpose of forming and processing the surface of the workpiece is achieved. If the tool electrode is continuously fed until the hole is punched, the hole is punched. At present, the electric pulse processing method is mainly used for processing the die hole of the die and can not be used for processing the surface of the die, and especially when the surface of the die requires higher smoothness, the electric pulse processing can not meet the process requirement of the surface of the die.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for cutting carburization die steel by electric pulse assistance, which can effectively improve the cutting performance of the carburization die steel, solve the problems of serious abrasion of a cutting tool and low surface smoothness after cutting caused by high surface hardness of the carburization die steel, prolong the service life of the tool and reduce the production cost.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method for cutting carburization die steel with electric pulse assistance is carried out by the following steps:
a. polishing the surface of a carburized die steel workpiece by abrasive paper, removing dirt, cleaning the workpiece by medical clean cotton soaked with alcohol, and removing oil stains on the surface of the workpiece;
b. connecting the clamps at two ends of the workpiece with a high-energy pulse power supply respectively, wherein pulse current is emitted from the positive electrode of the high-energy pulse power supply, and returns to the negative electrode of the high-energy pulse power supply through the clamps at two ends of the workpiece and the carburization die steel workpiece to form a complete current loop;
c. switching on a high-energy pulse power supply, passing current through the clamps at two ends of the workpiece and the carburizing die steel workpiece, wherein the selected electric pulse frequency is 300-600 Hz, and the root mean square current density is 0.5-1.1 A.mm-2；
d. Starting a main motor of the machine tool, driving the clamped carburization die steel workpiece to rotate by the clamp, moving the cutter table, and cutting the workpiece by using the cutter;
in the method for cutting the carburizing die steel with the assistance of the electric pulse, the sand paper for polishing the surface of the carburizing die steel workpiece in the step a is 180-mesh adhesive-free silicon carbide sand paper, and the alcohol of the medical cotton is absolute ethyl alcohol with the content of not less than 99.7 percent.
In the method for cutting the carburization die steel by the electric pulse assistance, the cutting tool in the step d is Mitsubishi NX2525, the cutting depth is 0.3mm, the feed rate is 0.1mm/r, and the cutting speed is 21 m/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the cutting pretreatment process, the surface of the carburizing die steel is polished and cleaned by using sand paper and alcohol cotton, so that the influence of other factors on the cutting effect can be reduced to the greatest extent; the high-energy pulse power supply enables stable current to pass through the inside of the carburizing die steel all the time in the whole processing process, due to the skin effect, the current can be concentrated on a cutting layer on the surface of a workpiece of the carburizing die steel, the pulse current can effectively improve the movement of dislocation inside the carburizing die steel, the plastic deformation capacity of the material is enhanced, the friction between a cutter and the workpiece is reduced, the cutter cutting becomes easy, the abrasion of the cutter is greatly reduced, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.
The invention breaks through the limitation of the traditional electric pulse processing, creatively applies the electric pulse to the surface processing of the carburizing die steel workpiece, the current of the electric pulse improves the plastic deformation capacity of the surface of the carburizing die steel workpiece, obviously improves the processing difficulty of the carburizing die steel, improves the smoothness of the processed surface of the workpiece, greatly improves the problem of serious abrasion of a cutter, greatly prolongs the service life of the cutter, completes the function of auxiliary cutting to the maximum extent, and opens up a new way for processing the surface of the workpiece by using the electric pulse.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the present invention using electrical pulse assisted cutting of carburized die steel;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the wear amount and cutting time of the tool after the present invention and a general cutting process;
fig. 3 is a surface view of the present invention and a general machined workpiece.
The figures are labeled as follows: the device comprises a high-energy pulse power supply 1, a clamp 2, a workpiece 3, a cutter 4, a common cutting workpiece 5 and an electric pulse auxiliary cutting workpiece 6.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for cutting carburizing die steel with the aid of electric pulses, which can effectively improve the cutting performance of the carburizing die steel, solve the problems of serious abrasion of a cutting blade and low surface finish after cutting caused by high surface hardness of the carburizing die steel, prolong the service life of the cutting blade and reduce the production cost.
The invention is carried out by the following steps:
firstly, cutting pretreatment work is carried out.
And (3) polishing the surface of the carburization die steel workpiece 3 by abrasive paper to remove dirt, wherein the abrasive paper for polishing the surface of the carburization die steel workpiece 3 is 180-mesh adhesive-free silicon carbide abrasive paper. Cleaning the workpiece 3 by using medical clean cotton soaked with alcohol, wherein the alcohol of the medical cotton is absolute ethyl alcohol with the content of not less than 99.7 percent, and removing oil stains on the surface of the workpiece 3. The surface of the carburization die steel workpiece 3 is polished and cleaned by using sand paper and alcohol cotton, so that the influence of other factors on the cutting effect can be reduced to the maximum extent;
and secondly, preparing a pulse power supply.
The clamps 2 for clamping two ends of the workpiece 3 are respectively connected with the high-energy pulse power supply 1, the pulse current is sent out from the anode of the high-energy pulse power supply 1, and returns to the cathode of the high-energy pulse power supply 1 through the clamps 2 at two ends of the workpiece 3 and the carburization die steel workpiece 3 to form a complete current loop.
And thirdly, switching on the pulse power supply.
Switching on a high-energy pulse power supply 1, passing current through the clamps 2 at two ends of the workpiece 3 and the carburizing die steel workpiece 3, wherein the selected electric pulse frequency is 300-600 Hz, and the root mean square current density is 0.5-1.1 A.mm-2. The high-energy pulse power supply 1 enables stable current to pass through the inside of the carburizing die steel workpiece 3 in the whole machining process all the time, due to the skin effect, the current can be concentrated on a cutting layer on the surface of the carburizing die steel workpiece 3, the pulse current can effectively improve the movement of dislocation inside the carburizing die steel, the plastic deformation capacity of the material is enhanced, the friction force between the cutter 4 and the workpiece 3 is reduced, the cutting of the cutter 4 is easy, the abrasion of the cutter 4 is greatly reduced, and the service life of the cutter 4 is prolonged.
And fourthly, cutting the workpiece 3.
And starting a main motor of the machine tool, driving the clamped carburization die steel workpiece 3 to rotate by the clamp 2, moving the cutter table, and cutting the workpiece 3 by using the cutter 4. The cutting tool 4 was Mitsubishi NX2525, the cutting depth was 0.3mm, the feed rate was 0.1mm/r, and the cutting speed was 21 m/min.
Fig. 1 shows that a high-energy pulse power supply 1 is respectively connected with clamps 2 which clamp two ends of a workpiece 3, pulse current is emitted from the positive pole of the high-energy pulse power supply 1, and returns to the negative pole of the high-energy pulse power supply 1 through the clamps 2 at two ends of the workpiece 3 and a carburization die steel workpiece 3 to form a complete current loop.
Fig. 2 shows that the electric pulse is effective in reducing the wear of the tool 4 in the same cutting time, which is also 0.1mm wear, and the electric pulse assisted cutting takes about 50s more time than the ordinary electroless pulse assisted cutting.
Fig. 3 shows that compared with the surface of the ordinary cut workpiece 5, the surface of the electric pulse assisted cut workpiece 6 can effectively reduce the roughness of the surface of the workpiece and improve the surface quality of the workpiece by electric pulse assisted cutting.
The following are parameters of several examples of the invention, and the workpiece processed by the examples is made of 20Cr carburizing die steel.
Table 1: electric pulse cutting 20Cr carburizing die steel workpiece parameters
Claims (3)
1. A method for cutting carburization die steel with electric pulse assistance is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a. sanding abrasive paper on the surface of a carburized die steel workpiece (3) to remove dirt, cleaning the workpiece (3) by using medical clean cotton soaked with alcohol, and removing oil stains on the surface of the workpiece (3);
b. the method comprises the following steps that clamps (2) used for clamping two ends of a workpiece (3) are respectively connected with a high-energy pulse power supply (1), pulse current is emitted from the positive pole of the high-energy pulse power supply (1), and returns to the negative pole of the high-energy pulse power supply (1) through the clamps (2) at the two ends of the workpiece (3) and a carburizing die steel workpiece (3) to form a complete current loop;
c. switching on a high-energy pulse power supply (1), passing current through the clamp (2) at the two ends of the workpiece (3) and the carburizing die steel workpiece (3), wherein the selected electric pulse frequency is 300-600 Hz, and the root mean square current density is 0.5-1.1 A.mm-2；
d. And (3) starting a main motor of the machine tool, driving the clamped carburization die steel workpiece (3) to rotate by the clamp (2), moving the cutter table, and cutting the workpiece (3) by using the cutter (4).
2. The method of electrical pulse assisted cutting of carburized die steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sand paper for polishing the surface of the carburization die steel workpiece (3) in the step a is 180-mesh adhesive-free silicon carbide sand paper, and the alcohol of the medical cotton is absolute ethyl alcohol with the content of not less than 99.7%.
3. The method of electrical pulse assisted cutting of carburized die steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting tool (4) in the step d is Mitsubishi NX2525, the cutting depth is 0.3mm, the feed rate is 0.1mm/r, and the cutting speed is 21 m/min.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111893278A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-11-06 | 华南理工大学 | Pulse current and shot blasting coupled metal material surface strengthening device and method |
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