CN111045922B - Test case generation method and system - Google Patents

Test case generation method and system Download PDF

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CN111045922B
CN111045922B CN201911002244.2A CN201911002244A CN111045922B CN 111045922 B CN111045922 B CN 111045922B CN 201911002244 A CN201911002244 A CN 201911002244A CN 111045922 B CN111045922 B CN 111045922B
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parameter
parameter value
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CN111045922A (en
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章良琴
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Wanghai Kangxin Beijing Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3668Software testing
    • G06F11/3672Test management
    • G06F11/3684Test management for test design, e.g. generating new test cases

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Abstract

The application discloses a test case generation method and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining parameters to be tested which have association relations with each other and parameters to be tested which have no association relations with each other in a test scene; the values of parameters to be measured with association relations are respectively arranged and combined according to the association relations to obtain a first number of association parameter value combination sequences; obtaining a second number of non-associated parameter value sequences by using an orthogonal test method for the parameters to be detected which are not associated with each other; the values of the remaining parameters except the parameters used by the orthogonal test method in the parameters to be tested which are not related with each other in the first number of related parameter value combination sequences are added into the second number of non-related parameter value sequences in a scattered manner to form a second number of long chains of parameter values; and writing the second number of long chains of parameter values into the document to form a second number of test cases. The application can minimize the number of test cases while realizing full coverage, save test time and reduce test workload.

Description

Test case generation method and system
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of electric digital data processing, in particular to a test case generation method and a test case generation system.
Background
Under the condition of very complex functions, the function points are very many, and the parameters are also very many, so that the number of test cases is huge, and huge test workload is brought to current testers. Moreover, due to the huge number of parameters, the probability of missing measurement is greatly increased. For example, with the implementation of a new government accounting system in the medical industry, in order to realize effective joint billing of hospital financial accounting certificates and government budget accounting certificates, the hospital financial accounting software certificate module is combined with actual use habits and use scenes of all hospitals in the whole country, so that up to 70 parameters are involved, and the number of corresponding test cases is very large.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a test case generation method and a test case generation system, which can realize full coverage and simultaneously minimize the number of test cases.
In order to solve the above technical problem, according to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a test case generating method, including:
determining parameters to be tested which have association relations with each other and parameters to be tested which have no association relations with each other in a test scene;
the values of parameters to be measured with association relations are respectively arranged and combined according to the association relations to obtain a first number of association parameter value combination sequences;
obtaining a second number of non-associated parameter value sequences by using an orthogonal test method for the parameters to be detected which are not associated with each other;
the values of the remaining parameters except the parameters used by the orthogonal test method in the parameters to be tested which are not related with each other in the first number of related parameter value combination sequences are added into the second number of non-related parameter value sequences in a scattered manner to form a second number of long chains of parameter values;
and writing a second number of long chains of parameter values into a document to form a second number of test cases of the test scene.
As an improvement of the method of the present application, the determining the parameters to be tested having the association relationship with each other and the parameters to be tested having no association relationship with each other in a test scene includes: drawing a flow chart according to the operation flow according to all functions related to the test scene and elements to be input; labeling parameters to be tested and values corresponding to each function and element beside the corresponding function or element; determining parameters to be detected which have association relation with each other; and marking the parameters to be measured which are related to each other.
As a further improvement of the method according to the application, the method further comprises: and numbering each parameter to be tested, the value of each parameter to be tested, and the corresponding function and element of each parameter to be tested by using the combination of letters and numbers as code numbers.
As a further improvement of the method of the application, all numbers are replaced by words when a second number of parameter values are written in the document in long chains.
As a further improvement of the method of the present application, the method further comprises: and responding to the obtained multiple groups of second number of non-associated parameter value sequences, and respectively concatenating the multiple groups of second number of non-associated parameter value sequences to form new second number of non-associated parameter value sequences.
To solve the above technical problem, according to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a test case generating system, including:
the determining module is used for determining parameters to be tested which are related to each other and parameters to be tested which are not related to each other in a test scene;
the arrangement and combination module is used for respectively arranging and combining the values of the parameters to be detected with the mutual association relation according to the mutual association relation to obtain a first number of association parameter value combination sequences;
the orthogonal module is used for obtaining a second number of non-associated parameter value sequences by using an orthogonal test method for the parameters to be tested which are not associated with each other;
the dispersing module is used for dispersing and adding the values of the remaining parameters except the parameters used by the orthogonal test method in the first number of associated parameter value combination sequences and the parameters to be tested which are not associated with each other into the second number of non-associated parameter value sequences to form a second number of long chains of parameter values;
and the document writing module is used for writing a second number of long chains of parameter values into documents to form a second number of test cases of the test scene.
To solve the above technical problems, the tangible computer readable medium of the present application includes computer program code for executing the test case generating method of the present application.
To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an apparatus, including at least one processor; and at least one memory containing computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least part of the steps of the test case generation method of the present application.
According to the application, through determining the parameters with the association relation and the parameters without the association relation, the parameters with the association relation are arranged and combined according to the association relation, and the parameters without the association relation are combined by an orthogonal test method, so that not only can each function point and each parameter as well as each input port and scene be fully covered, but also the number of test cases is minimized, thereby saving resources, preventing repeated idle work, enabling each tester to work according to the number of cases when testing, not using all the parameters to test one by one, saving testing time, reducing testing workload, reducing the frequency of frequently switching parameter values, and effectively avoiding the problem of incomplete test of the parameters with association relation and functional scenes.
By using the test case design method, the minimum case number can be rapidly judged simply and effectively according to the parameter value level number, for example: the parameters are at most three levels, and the number of the least use cases is 9. If the parameter has four levels at most, the minimum number of the use cases is 12, so that the test workload can be conveniently, rapidly and accurately estimated.
Other features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments of the present application, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is an example of a flow chart drawn when determining an association in the method of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an example of an permutation and combination of parameters having an association;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a system according to the present application.
For the sake of clarity, these figures are schematic and simplified drawings, which only give details which are necessary for an understanding of the application, while other details are omitted.
Detailed Description
Embodiments and examples of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The scope of applicability of the present application will become apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the application, are given by way of illustration only.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a test case generation method according to the present application.
In step S102, a scene flow chart is drawn according to the flow of the professional accountant operating the credential entry function, as shown in fig. 2, with all functions of the credential entry page and all elements to be entered. The elements include accounting subjects, voucher entry, voucher date, voucher type, voucher abstract, subjects, auxiliary accounting items, amount, cash flow, and differential labeling. The functions comprise newly adding, importing, internally arranging subjects, inputting, importing, taking draft, taking templates, copying, automatically generating, inserting, inputting voucher contents, storing draft, storing templates, maintaining cash flow, maintaining difference labels, merging or generating budget catalogs in parallel, storing and printing, printing assistance, merging and printing, storing and newly adding.
In step S104, all parameters and values of all parameters of the control certificate input page are labeled beside each function and element in the scene flow chart one by one, and the parameter is represented to control the function or the element, so that sequential coverage of the value state of each parameter according to the sequence displayed by the flow chart is facilitated when the test point is designed later, and each parameter and each function are ensured to be covered completely, and missing test is prevented.
In step S106, the influence of the value of each parameter on each function and each element is analyzed, the parameter with the association relation or the content of a certain function needing to be influenced by the states of a plurality of parameters and a plurality of elements is determined, and a striking mark is made, so that the parameter or the content is conveniently and independently proposed for use case design. The association relation means that the effect of the values of the following parameters is determined by the values of the preceding parameters, and the parameters meeting the condition are parameters with association relation. Specifically, the association relationship can be classified into the following three types: 1) The value of the preceding parameter results in one or more values of the following parameter being unusable; 2) When the front parameter takes a certain value, the rear parameter can only take one corresponding value; 3) The front parameter takes a certain value, and the rear parameter takes one effect and takes the other value and is the other effect. The other parameters are parameters which are not related with each other.
In step S108, the values of the respective functions, the respective elements, and the respective parameters are sequentially numbered by a combination of letters and numerals. Therefore, each function and each parameter are represented by codes, and when the test case is designed later, various splitting, combining and distributing can be performed by using the mathematical permutation and combination idea, so that the trouble of writing Chinese characters is omitted, and the design test point becomes simpler and more efficient.
In step S110, for the numbers of the functions and parameters with the association relation marked with the eye-catching marks, the permutation and combination method is used to perform permutation and combination on each value of each parameter, each state of each element and each operation mode of each function, so as to form a test case combination scheme of the function, and obtain a first number of association parameter value combination sequences, as shown in fig. 3. The parameters with the association relationship may include a plurality of groups, and the parameters of each group have an association relationship with each other, but have no association relationship between groups. For example, the first group of parameter value permutation and combination obtains 8 associated parameter value combination sequences, the second group of parameter value permutation and combination obtains 16 associated parameter value combination sequences, and the first number is 24.
In step S112, a second number of non-associated parameter value sequences are obtained for the remaining elements and functions controlled by the parameters without association, and the parameters without association are obtained by using an orthogonal test method. For example, three-level parameters in parameters which are not related to each other are designed into a three-factor three-level mode, and each three-factor three-level obtains a group of 9-string simplest non-related parameter value sequences. If there are 6, 9 or more three horizontal parameters, each three factors can pass the orthogonal test to obtain a group of 9-string most concise non-associated parameter value sequences. In this case, a plurality of sets of 9-string non-associated parameter value sequences are respectively concatenated to form a new longer 9-string non-associated parameter value sequence. For example, the first 9 non-associated parameter value sequences are: i1, I2, …, I9; the second set of 9 unassociated parameter value sequences is: j1, J2, …, J9; and by analogy, the Q9 non-associated parameter value sequences are as follows: q1, Q2, …, Q9. The series of 9 long strings of unassociated parameter value sequences are I1J1 … Q1; I2J2 … Q2; …; I9J9 … Q9. Thus, the second number is 9, whether a set of 9 series of unassociated parameter value sequences or a plurality of sets of 9 series of unassociated parameter value sequences is obtained.
The parameters which are not used by the orthogonal test method among the parameters which are not related to each other are used as the remaining parameters.
In the embodiment, if there are no three horizontal parameters, as each parameter has at least two values, the parameters can be grouped by multiple of 2, and a two-factor two-horizontal orthogonal method is used to obtain a plurality of groups of 4-string non-associated parameter value sequences, and then the 4-string non-associated parameter value sequences are respectively connected in series to obtain 4 long strings. By analogy, other orthogonal test methods for the number of factors and the number of levels can be used, as long as the number of test cases can be minimized.
In step S114, the values of the remaining parameters (which ensure that each value state of the parameters can be used at least once) of the first number of associated parameter value combination sequences and the parameters to be tested (which are not associated with each other) except the parameters used by the orthogonal test method (here, three-level parameters) are scattered and connected into the 9 (long) string of non-associated parameter value sequences one by one according to functions to form 9 long chains of parameter values.
In step S116, all numbers in the 9 long chains of parameter values are replaced by characters and written into an Excel document, so that a test case for all functions of the credential entry page is formed. The test cases designed by the method cover all test scenes with huge functions such as the whole credential entry page even though up to 70 parameters are even more, and only 9 cases are used (in other embodiments, the number of cases can be fewer or more according to the application and orthogonal test conditions involved).
FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of one embodiment of a test case generation system in accordance with the present application, the system comprising: a determining module 402, configured to determine parameters to be tested having an association relationship with each other and parameters to be tested having no association relationship with each other in a test scenario; the permutation and combination module 404 is configured to permutation and combine values of parameters to be measured that have an association relationship with each other according to the association relationship to obtain a first number of association parameter value combination sequences; an orthogonal module 406, configured to obtain a second number of non-associated parameter value sequences by using an orthogonal test method for the parameters to be tested that have no association relationship with each other; the dispersing module 408 is configured to disperse and add the values of the first number of associated parameter value combination sequences and the remaining parameters, except for the parameters used by the orthogonal test method, in the parameters to be tested that have no association relationship with each other, to the second number of non-associated parameter value sequences to form a second number of long chains of parameter values; the document writing module 410 is configured to write a second number of long chains of parameter values into a document to form a second number of test cases of the test scenario.
In an embodiment, the determining module 402 includes: the drawing flow chart submodule is used for drawing a flow chart according to the operation flow according to all functions related to the test scene and elements to be input; the labeling sub-module is used for labeling parameters to be tested and values corresponding to the functions and elements beside the corresponding functions or elements; the determining submodule is used for determining parameters to be detected which are related to each other; and the marking sub-module is used for marking the parameters to be detected which are related to each other.
In an embodiment, the system of the present application further comprises: the numbering module is used for numbering each parameter to be tested, the value of each parameter to be tested, and the corresponding function and element of each parameter to be tested by using the combination of letters and numbers as code numbers; and/or a concatenation module, configured to concatenate the plurality of sets of second number of non-associated parameter value sequences respectively to form new second number of non-associated parameter value sequences in response to obtaining the plurality of sets of second number of non-associated parameter value sequences.
The various embodiments described herein, or particular features, structures, or characteristics thereof, may be combined as suitable in one or more embodiments of the application. In addition, in some cases, the order of steps described in the flowcharts and/or flow-line processes may be modified as appropriate and need not be performed in exactly the order described. Additionally, various aspects of the application may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or a combination thereof and/or other computer-implemented modules or devices that perform the described functions. A software implementation of the present application may include executable code stored in a computer readable medium and executed by one or more processors. The computer-readable medium may include a computer hard drive, ROM, RAM, flash memory, a portable computer storage medium such as CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, flash drives and/or other devices having a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, for example, and/or any other suitable tangible or non-transitory computer-readable medium or computer memory on which executable code may be stored and executed by a processor. The application may be used in connection with any suitable operating system.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents (i.e., having the meaning of "at least one") unless otherwise indicated. It will be further understood that the terms "has," "comprises," "including" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
While the foregoing is directed to some preferred embodiments of the present application, it should be emphasized that the present application is not limited to these embodiments, but may be embodied in other forms within the scope of the inventive subject matter. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, and these changes or modifications still fall within the scope of the application.

Claims (6)

1. A method for generating test cases, the method comprising:
determining parameters to be tested which have association relations with each other and parameters to be tested which have no association relations with each other in a test scene;
numbering each parameter to be tested and its value, and the corresponding function and element of each parameter to be tested by using the combination of letters and numbers as code numbers;
the values of parameters to be measured with association relations are respectively arranged and combined according to the association relations to obtain a first number of association parameter value combination sequences;
obtaining a second number of non-associated parameter value sequences by using an orthogonal test method for the parameters to be detected which are not associated with each other;
the values of the remaining parameters except the parameters used by the orthogonal test method in the parameters to be tested which are not related with each other in the first number of related parameter value combination sequences are added into the second number of non-related parameter value sequences in a scattered manner to form a second number of long chains of parameter values;
writing a second number of long chains of parameter values into a document to form a second number of test cases of the test scene;
the determining the parameters to be tested with the association relation and the parameters to be tested without the association relation in a test scene comprises the following steps:
drawing a flow chart according to the operation flow according to all functions related to the test scene and elements to be input;
labeling parameters to be tested and values corresponding to each function and element beside the corresponding function or element;
determining parameters to be detected with association relation, wherein the association relation refers to the effect of the value of the back parameter is determined by the value of the front parameter, and the parameters meeting the condition are parameters with association relation; and
And marking parameters to be measured which are related to each other.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the second number of parameter values is written to the document in long chains with text replacing all numbers.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
and responding to the obtained multiple groups of second number of non-associated parameter value sequences, and respectively concatenating the multiple groups of second number of non-associated parameter value sequences to form new second number of non-associated parameter value sequences.
4. A test case generation system, the system comprising:
the determining module is used for determining parameters to be tested which are related to each other and parameters to be tested which are not related to each other in a test scene;
the numbering module is used for numbering each parameter to be tested, the value of each parameter to be tested, and the corresponding function and element of each parameter to be tested by using the combination of letters and numbers as code numbers;
the arrangement and combination module is used for respectively arranging and combining the values of the parameters to be detected with the mutual association relation according to the mutual association relation to obtain a first number of association parameter value combination sequences;
the orthogonal module is used for obtaining a second number of non-associated parameter value sequences by using an orthogonal test method for the parameters to be tested which are not associated with each other;
the dispersing module is used for dispersing and adding the values of the remaining parameters except the parameters used by the orthogonal test method in the first number of associated parameter value combination sequences and the parameters to be tested which are not associated with each other into the second number of non-associated parameter value sequences to form a second number of long chains of parameter values;
the document writing module is used for writing a second number of long chains of parameter values into a document to form a second number of test cases of the test scene;
wherein the determining module comprises:
the drawing flow chart submodule is used for drawing a flow chart according to the operation flow according to all functions related to the test scene and elements to be input;
the labeling sub-module is used for labeling parameters to be tested and values corresponding to the functions and elements beside the corresponding functions or elements;
the determining submodule is used for determining parameters to be detected with an association relation, wherein the association relation means that the effect of the value of the back parameter is determined by the value of the front parameter, and the parameters meeting the condition are parameters with the association relation; and
And the marking sub-module is used for marking the parameters to be detected which are related to each other.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the document writing module is further configured to replace all numbers with text.
6. The system of claim 4, wherein the system further comprises:
and the series module is used for respectively connecting the multiple groups of second number of non-associated parameter value sequences in series to form new second number of non-associated parameter value sequences in response to obtaining the multiple groups of second number of non-associated parameter value sequences.
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