CN111041566B - Combined electrostatic spinning experimental device based on gravity stepped electric field - Google Patents
Combined electrostatic spinning experimental device based on gravity stepped electric field Download PDFInfo
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- CN111041566B CN111041566B CN202010037056.XA CN202010037056A CN111041566B CN 111041566 B CN111041566 B CN 111041566B CN 202010037056 A CN202010037056 A CN 202010037056A CN 111041566 B CN111041566 B CN 111041566B
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0092—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the electrical field, e.g. combined with a magnetic fields, using biased or alternating fields
Abstract
A combined electrostatic spinning experimental device based on a gravity stepped electric field belongs to the field of electrostatic spinning experiments, and aims to solve the problem of preventing multiple jet flows from being staggered mutually, a base of the device is vertically provided with a plurality of collecting plate supporting devices which are arranged in parallel and have different heights, and an electrospinning spray head fixing arm; the collecting plate supporting device supports the tiled collecting plate, and different collecting plates are placed in a stepped mode at the supporting height, so that multiple jet flows can be prevented from being staggered mutually.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrostatic spinning experiments, and relates to a combined electrostatic spinning experimental device based on a gravity stepped electric field.
Background
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the nanofiber technology has become the leading edge of fiber science and a research hotspot, and has been applied to certain industrial fields such as electronics, machinery, biomedicine, chemical engineering, textile and the like, the preparation of nanofiber materials by the electrostatic spinning technology is one of the most important academic and technical activities in the material science and technology field in the last decade, the electrostatic spinning technology is the simplest and most effective method for preparing nanofibers at present, and the generated nanofibers have numerous advantages and are the prospect of future development. The formation process of electrostatic spinning comprises the following steps: the polymer solution is subjected to a sufficiently high voltage electrostatic charge to enable the polymer droplets to generate a jet when in contact with the material surface. The thin flows are stretched and thinned, and meanwhile, through the bending and curing processes, the thin flows are deposited on the surface of an object to form a nanofiber membrane. In the electrostatic spinning process, process variables influencing the appearance and the properties of electrostatic spinning fibers mainly comprise three aspects of fluid characteristics, spinning process parameters and environmental parameters of a polymer solution, wherein the fluid characteristics of the polymer solution mainly comprise characteristic parameters of relative molecular mass, relative molecular mass distribution, viscosity, conductivity, surface tension and the like of the solution; the spinning process parameters mainly comprise the concentration of a high molecular solution, the flow rate of electrostatic spinning fluid, the electric field and the electric field intensity, the distance between a capillary spinneret and a collecting plate and the state of the collecting plate; the environmental parameters are mainly the temperature and the air flow speed of the spinning processing environment, and the parameters play a decisive role in the electrostatic spinning process. However, in the conventional multi-needle electrospinning process, due to the introduction of a high-voltage electric field, the viscosity and the surface tension of the polymer solution are changed, so that the polymer solution jet generates unstable whip motion in a spiral form under the combined action of the electric field, the force field and the flow field. Furthermore, because of strong mutual interference of electric fields among the needles, the jet flow in unstable whip motion has a multi-strand doubling phenomenon, which seriously affects the uniformity and quality of nanofiber deposition. In addition, in the conventional multi-needle spinning process, only one spinning material can be collected at one time, so that the efficiency of a spinning experiment is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of preventing the plurality of jet flows from being staggered mutually, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a combined electrostatic spinning experimental device based on a gravity stepped electric field is characterized by mainly comprising a device base, a polar plate, a collecting plate, an electrostatic spinning nozzle, a polar plate supporting arm, a collecting plate supporting device and an electrostatic spinning nozzle fixing arm, wherein the device base is rectangular and is vertically provided with a plurality of collecting plate supporting devices which are arranged in parallel and have different heights and an electrostatic spinning nozzle fixing arm; the collecting plate supporting device supports the tiled collecting plates, different collecting plates are placed in a stepped mode at the supporting height, and the collecting plate supporting device is a telescopic supporting rod; between two adjacent collecting plates with different heights, and the adjacent sides of the two collecting plates are vertical, polar plates are arranged, the end surfaces of the collecting plates on the upper side and the lower side of the polar plates are parallel and level, a vertical polar plate is arranged between the last collecting plate and the fixed arm of the electrospinning spray head, the lower side of the polar plate downwards exceeds the end surface of the last collecting plate, and a polar plate supporting arm is transversely arranged between the exceeding part and the collecting plate on the front electrode; the electrospinning spray head is arranged on the top of the electrospinning spray head fixing arm and is aligned to the last collecting plate.
Furthermore, the polar plate support arm can vertically slide along the sliding groove of the corresponding part of the polar plate, the sliding groove of the last polar plate is vertically formed between the bottom and the middle part of the polar plate, and the sliding groove of the preceding-stage polar plate of the last polar plate is vertically formed between the top and the middle part of the polar plate.
Furthermore, the collecting plate is placed in a step shape, the bottom of the collecting plate is supported by the collecting plate supporting device, and a layer of tinfoil is covered on the surface of the collecting plate and used for collecting the electrospinning fibers.
Furthermore, the electrospinning spray head is placed at the top of the fixed arm of the electrospinning spray head, so that the solution is sprayed out under the action of the electric field.
Furthermore, the polar plate supporting arm and the collecting plate supporting device are of a cross fixing structure.
Further, the polar plate divide into No. 1 polar plate, No. 2 polar plate, No. 3 polar plates, and collecting plate strutting arrangement divide into No. 1 device, No. 2 device, No. 3 device, and the bottom is fixed in the device base respectively, and the intermediate part is telescopic rod-type structure, and wherein No. 3 device upper end and polar plate support arm are cross fixed knot and construct, and collecting plate strutting arrangement upper end is the disc type in order to be used for placeeing the collecting plate.
Has the advantages that: the device controls the movement process of a jet flow through an electrostatic spinning process controlled by an electric field, and the distribution of the electric field directly influences the control effect of the spinning process. Compared with the traditional multi-nozzle electrostatic spinning process, the electric field acts on multiple jet flows in the electrostatic spinning process of introducing the electric field, the movement behavior and the microscopic morphology of the jet flows are changed, and the method mainly comprises the following aspects: (1) after the electric field is introduced, each jet flow is acted by the force of the electric field force, and the plurality of jet flows can be prevented from being mutually staggered in the falling process of the jet flow. (2) After the electric field is introduced, the swing amplitude of the jet flow is reduced, the corresponding loss energy is reduced, the moving speed of the jet flow is further increased, and the fiber diameter is correspondingly reduced. (3) After the electric field is introduced, the voltage of the polar plate is controlled, so that one jet flow can fall on three different collecting plates which are arranged in a stepped mode due to the biasing effect of the polar plate on the jet flow, and the collected electrospinning fiber materials are different due to the different heights of the collecting plates. (4) When four electrospinning spray heads work simultaneously, 12 different fiber materials can be collected in one experiment, and the experimental efficiency of electrostatic spinning is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 schematic drawing of the apparatus
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a multi-nozzle device
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the pole plate and the pole plate supporting arm
FIG. 4 collector plate support
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the motion trajectory of the jet
Detailed Description
The invention relates to an electrostatic spinning experimental device based on a gravity stepped electric field. The controllable gravity stepped electric field is introduced into the electrostatic spinning process, so that the track control of the motion process of the electrified jet flow of the multiple spray heads is realized at lower cost, various different electrospinning fiber materials can be collected in the process, and the collection efficiency of the spinning fibers and the quality of the spinning fibers are improved.
The electrostatic spinning experimental device based on the gravity stepped electric field is composed of a device base 1, a polar plate, a collecting plate 3, an electrospinning spray head 4, a polar plate supporting arm 5, a collecting plate supporting device 6, an electrospinning spray head fixing arm 7 and the like.
The device base 1 is rectangular and is made of a high molecular compound material polymerized by methyl methacrylate, and the material has the advantages of better transparency, chemical stability, mechanical property, weather resistance, easiness in processing and the like. When an electrospinning experiment is carried out, the device can be processed into a rectangle with multiple sizes according to requirements, a collecting plate supporting device and an electrospinning nozzle fixing arm are arranged at the bottom of a base of the device.
The polar plate is divided into No. 1 polar plate 21, No. 2 polar plate 22, No. 3 polar plate 23, for the design of two-layer telescopic structure, wherein No. 1 utmost point is arranged in the device base bottom, and No. 2 and No. 3 polar plate are the notch type design, are fixed by the polar plate support arm, can adjust the gliding on the polar plate support arm. In the electrostatic spinning process, the polar plate can be adjusted to a proper height according to the process requirements. Three polar plates are placed in a step mode, and when a spinning experiment is carried out, the polar plates are respectively connected with a direct current power supply.
The collecting plate 3 is placed in a step shape, the bottom of the collecting plate is supported by the collecting plate supporting device, and a layer of tinfoil is covered on the surface of the collecting plate and is mainly used for collecting the electrospinning fibers.
The electrospinning spray head 4 is arranged on the electrospinning spray head fixing arm and is mainly responsible for various solutions, so that the solutions are sprayed out under the action of an electric field.
The polar plate supporting arm 5 is made of an aluminum-magnesium alloy material subjected to anodic oxidation treatment, has the advantages of high hardness, good corrosion resistance and the like, is fixed at the bottom of the base of the device and is mainly responsible for supporting the polar plate, and the polar plate supporting arm and the collecting plate supporting device No. 3 are in a cross fixing structure.
The collecting plate supporting device 6 is divided into a device No. 1, a device No. 2 and a device No. 3, the bottom end of the collecting plate supporting device is respectively fixed at the bottom of the device base, the middle part of the collecting plate supporting device is of a telescopic rod type structure, the upper end of the device No. 3 and the polar plate supporting arm are of a cross fixing structure, and the upper end of the collecting plate supporting device is designed in a disc type mode and is mainly used for placing a collecting plate. Before the electrospinning experiment is carried out, the height of the supporting device can be adjusted according to the experimental requirements.
The electrospinning spray head fixing arm 7 is mainly used for fixing the electrospinning spray head and can adjust the position of the electrospinning spray head according to the requirements of electrostatic spinning experiments.
The specific technical content is as follows:
in a conventional multi-nozzle electrospinning fiber experimental device, a jetting needle head and a collecting plate form positive and negative voltage, an electrospinning solution is jetted from the needle head and falls on the collecting plate, and due to instability of multiple jet flows in the falling process in the electrospinning process, the fiber structure is easy to have single and uneven results in the spinning process, the time consumption of the electrospinning process is long, only one type of electrospinning fiber can be obtained in one spinning experiment, and the spinning efficiency is low. A combined electrostatic spinning experimental device based on a gravity stepped electric field is composed of a device base, a polar plate, a collecting plate, an electrostatic spinning nozzle, a polar plate supporting arm, a collecting plate supporting device, an electrostatic spinning nozzle fixing arm and the like. The device base is a rectangular space and is made of a high molecular compound material polymerized by methyl methacrylate, and the material has the advantages of better transparency, chemical stability, mechanical property, weather resistance, easiness in processing and the like. When an electrospinning experiment is carried out, the device can be processed into rectangular spaces with various sizes according to requirements, a collecting plate supporting device and an electrospinning nozzle fixing arm are arranged at the bottom of a device base. The polar plate supporting arm is made of an aluminum magnesium alloy material subjected to anodic oxidation treatment, a layer of oxide film is formed on the surface of the aluminum magnesium alloy subjected to anodic oxidation treatment, and the polar plate can be used as a good insulator when direct current is introduced into the polar plate; the polar plate supporting arm is fixed at the bottom of the device base and is mainly responsible for supporting the polar plate, and the polar plate supporting arm and the collecting plate supporting device are of a cross fixing structure.
Before the spinning experiment begins, firstly, the height of a collecting plate supporting device is adjusted according to the experiment parameter requirement, the heights of No. 2 polar plates and No. 3 polar plates are adjusted, the collecting plates are respectively placed on the collecting plate supporting device, and finally, the heights and the positions of electrospinning spray heads are adjusted. Then, according to the experimental requirements and the expected experimental electrospinning materials, the electrode plates and the electrospinning spray heads are connected with corresponding volt-ampere positive voltages. And finally, fixing each adjusted part of the device, and starting the device to enable the electrospinning spray head to enter a working state. After the electrospinning spray head works, electrospinning solution forms electrospinning fibers on the collecting plate through the processes of stretching, refining, splitting and the like under the action of gravity and a strong electric field, when a jet flow passes through the No. 1 polar plate, a space electric field can be formed between the polar plate and the corresponding collecting plate, the motion trail of the jet flow in the space is deflected under the action of the electric field force, the deflected motion is far away from the polar plate, and one third of the jet flow falls into the collecting plate due to the deflection of the motion trail of the jet flow to form the electrospinning fibers; the other two thirds of jet flow deviates from the collecting plate and enters a space electric field corresponding to the No. 2 pole plate to be continuously stretched and refined, the motion track of the jet flow in the space electric field corresponding to the No. 1 pole plate is approximately the same as that of the jet flow in the space electric field formed by the No. 1 pole plate, the motion track of the jet flow in the space electric field corresponding to the No. 2 pole plate continuously deviates, and one third of the jet flow falls on the collecting plate corresponding to the No. 2 pole plate to form electrospun fibers; the other third of the jet flow enters a space electric field formed by a No. 3 polar plate, and different from the No. 1 polar plate and the No. 2 polar plate, the very small voltage is applied to the No. 3 polar plate, the motion track of the jet flow hardly deviates or slightly deviates, and finally the jet flow falls into a collecting plate to form the electrospun fiber; if the needles work side by side simultaneously, the radial acting force of the jet flow can promote the rotation radius of the jet flow to be reduced due to the action of the offset electric field force, so that the multiple jet flows can be prevented from being wound in a staggered manner. In the process, as the movement track and the movement height of the jet flow are changed, the diameters and the structures of the electrospinning fiber materials formed on different collecting plates are different, and when the electrospinning experiment is completed, three equal parts of the electrospinning fiber materials with different diameters and structures can be collected, so that the collection efficiency of the electrospinning fiber experiment sample is greatly improved, the collection cost is reduced, the device can be changed in various forms and details in practical application, and a solid foundation is laid for the research and development work of the electrospinning fiber materials.
The above description is only for the purpose of creating a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A combined electrostatic spinning experimental device based on a gravity stepped electric field is characterized by mainly comprising a device base, a polar plate, a collecting plate, an electrostatic spinning nozzle, a polar plate supporting arm, a collecting plate supporting device and an electrostatic spinning nozzle fixing arm, wherein the device base is rectangular and is vertically provided with a plurality of collecting plate supporting devices which are arranged in parallel and have different heights and an electrostatic spinning nozzle fixing arm; the collecting plate supporting device supports the tiled collecting plates, different collecting plates are placed in a stepped mode at the supporting height, and the collecting plate supporting device is a telescopic supporting rod; between two adjacent collecting plates with different heights, and the adjacent sides of the two collecting plates are vertical, polar plates are arranged, the end surfaces of the collecting plates on the upper side and the lower side of the polar plates are parallel and level, a vertical polar plate is arranged between the last collecting plate and the fixed arm of the electrospinning spray head, the lower side of the polar plate downwards exceeds the end surface of the last collecting plate, and a polar plate supporting arm is transversely arranged between the exceeding part and the collecting plate on the front electrode; the electrospinning spray head is arranged on the top of the electrospinning spray head fixing arm and is aligned to the last collecting plate.
2. The combined electrostatic spinning experimental apparatus based on the gravity stepped electric field according to claim 1, wherein the polar plate supporting arm can vertically slide along the sliding groove of the corresponding portion of the polar plate, the sliding groove of the last polar plate is vertically formed between the bottom and the middle of the polar plate, and the sliding groove of the preceding polar plate of the last polar plate is vertically formed between the top and the middle of the polar plate.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the collecting plate is disposed in a stepped manner, and the bottom of the collecting plate is supported by the collecting plate supporting means, and the surface of the collecting plate is covered with a layer of tinfoil for collecting electrospun fibers.
4. The combined gradient-gravitational-electric-field-based electrospinning experimental apparatus of claim 1, wherein the electrospinning nozzle is placed on top of the fixed arm of the electrospinning nozzle so that the solution is sprayed out under the influence of the electric field.
5. The combined gravity-based stepped electric field electrospinning experimental apparatus of claim 1, wherein the polar plate supporting arm and the collecting plate supporting device are in a cross-shaped fixed structure.
6. The combined type electrostatic spinning experimental device based on the gravity stepped electric field as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polar plates are divided into a No. 1 polar plate, a No. 2 polar plate and a No. 3 polar plate, the collecting plate supporting devices are divided into a No. 1 device, a No. 2 device and a No. 3 device, the bottom ends of the collecting plate supporting devices are respectively fixed on the device bases, the middle parts of the collecting plate supporting devices are of telescopic rod type structures, the upper ends of the No. 3 devices and the polar plate supporting arms are of a cross-shaped fixed structure, and the upper ends of the collecting plate supporting devices are of a disc type and used for placing the collecting plates.
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| CN201910222795 | 2019-03-22 | ||
| CN2019102227953 | 2019-03-22 |
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| CN113417015B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2023-01-13 | 桐乡市新丝利纺织有限公司 | Multidirectional linkage electrostatic spinning method based on electric field controllability |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107699965A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-02-16 | 浙江大学 | Right-angled intersection stacks nanofiber array preparation method |
| CN109137095A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-04 | 大连民族大学 | The collection table of electrospinning fibre jet shaper |
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| US2323025A (en) * | 1939-05-13 | 1943-06-29 | Formhals Anton | Production of artificial fibers from fiber forming liquids |
| US5123983A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1992-06-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Gas management system for closely-spaced laydown jets |
| CZ20032421A3 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2004-11-10 | Technická univerzita v Liberci | Process for producing nanofibers of polymer solution by electrostatic spinning and apparatus for making the same |
| US9644295B2 (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2017-05-09 | University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization | Centrifugal electrospinning apparatus and methods and fibrous structures produced therefrom |
| CN103572388B (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-11-16 | 东华大学 | A kind of needle-free coaxial electrostatic spinning silk device and spinning process |
| CN104711685B (en) * | 2015-02-08 | 2017-01-25 | 福建师范大学 | Multifunctional electrostatic spinning equipment |
| JP6342345B2 (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2018-06-13 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Method for producing metal nanocoil |
| CN104775168B (en) * | 2015-04-03 | 2017-07-11 | 大连民族学院 | Electrospinning fibre spray configuration monitoring device |
| CN105568406B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2018-04-17 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of mechanical agitation feed flow electrostatic spinning apparatus |
| CN106283217B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-05-04 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of layer-stepping receiver for electrostatic spinning and the method for preparing nanofiber |
| CN106498514B (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2018-07-13 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of electrospinning process preparing orientated nano fibers |
| CN107513769B (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2019-05-31 | 浙江大学 | Screw type oriented nanofibers array preparation method |
| CN109322062B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-02-02 | 大连民族大学 | 3D stacked multilayer electrospun fiber layer-by-layer spraying method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107699965A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-02-16 | 浙江大学 | Right-angled intersection stacks nanofiber array preparation method |
| CN109137095A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-01-04 | 大连民族大学 | The collection table of electrospinning fibre jet shaper |
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