CN111041301A - Aluminum alloy, preparation method, die-casting and die-casting method - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy, preparation method, die-casting and die-casting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and provides an aluminum alloy, a preparation method, a die-casting and a die-casting method, wherein the aluminum alloy adopts the component proportion of 8.5-9.5% of zinc (Zn), 8.0-10.0% of silicon (Si), 1-3% of magnesium (Mg), 0.4-0.6% of manganese (Mn), 0.03-0.05% of strontium (Sr) and at most 0.15% of titanium (Ti), and the balance of aluminum (Al), on the premise of ensuring good casting performance, the proportion of alloy elements is optimized, the high strength, high toughness and high fatigue performance of the alloy are obtained, meanwhile, the high heat resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and other performances are achieved, the heat treatment requirement of the die-cast product is met, the performance after the heat treatment of A356T 6 can be achieved after the natural aging for 3-5 days after the conventional die-casting, the production cost is greatly reduced, and the heat treatment deformation phenomenon of large thin-wall parts is effectively reduced, the yield is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to an aluminum alloy, a preparation method, a die-casting and a die-casting method.
Background
In the twenty-first century, with the development of global industry, the energy crisis is gradually highlighted, and the environmental pollution is increasingly aggravated, so that the brisk automobile industry is the first to rush. Among the numerous lightweight automotive materials, aluminum alloys have advantages not comparable to other materials: low density, high specific strength, corrosion resistance, good heat conductivity, easy coloring, rich resources, moderate price, high recycling and regenerating benefits and the like. As a near net shape forming technology, the die casting process plays an irreplaceable role in the manufacturing process of complex aluminum alloy parts.
With the development of environmental protection, circular economy and scientific technology, increasingly harsh requirements are put forward on aluminum alloy automobile parts, common aluminum alloy is difficult to meet the complex requirements of low cost, high toughness and multiple working conditions, most aluminum alloy castings need to be further improved in comprehensive performance through heat treatment, and therefore the cost of equipment investment, energy consumption, labor, management and the like is added to the product cost, which is unacceptable to a producer and a client. Therefore, there is a need for a die-cast aluminum alloy with low cost, excellent casting performance and mechanical performance to solve the contradiction between strength, elongation, product quality and production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an aluminum alloy, a preparation method, a die-casting piece and a die-casting method, on the premise of ensuring good casting performance, the proportion of alloy elements is optimized, the high strength, high toughness and high fatigue performance of the alloy are obtained, meanwhile, the alloy has excellent performances such as high heat resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and the like, heat treatment is not carried out, natural aging is adopted, the problem that the existing die-casting aluminum alloy is difficult to obtain at high mechanical performance, high yield and quality and low production cost is solved, and meanwhile, the preparation method of the die-casting aluminum alloy is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an aluminum alloy is provided, which comprises the following components by weight percent: 8.5-9.5% zinc (Zn), 8.0-10.0% silicon (Si), 1-3% magnesium (Mg), 0.4-0.6% manganese (Mn), 0.03-0.05% strontium (Sr), titanium (Ti) present in an amount of up to 0.15%, the balance being aluminum (Al).
In some embodiments, the die-cast and naturally aged structure of the aluminum alloy has mechanical properties of: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 320MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 210MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 6 percent, and the hardness is more than or equal to 105 HB; the aluminum alloy is a thin-wall casting in a die-cast and naturally aged structure, and the natural aging time is 3-5 days.
In a second aspect, embodiments herein provide an aluminum alloy consisting essentially of: 8.5-9.5% zinc (Zn), 8.0-10.0% silicon (Si), 1-3% magnesium (Mg), 0.4-0.6% manganese (Mn), 0.03-0.05% strontium (Sr), titanium (Ti) present in an amount of up to 0.15%, the balance aluminum (Al) and unavoidable impurities.
In some embodiments, the incidental impurities are less than 0.15% iron (Fe), less than 0.03% copper (Cu), less than 0.1% individually, and less than 0.3% total of other incidental elements.
In some embodiments, the die-cast and naturally aged structure of the aluminum alloy has mechanical properties of: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 320MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 210MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 6 percent, and the hardness is more than or equal to 105 HB; the aluminum alloy is a thin-wall casting in a die-cast and naturally aged structure, and the natural aging time is 3-5 days.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a die-cast article made from the aluminum alloy described in any of the above embodiments.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a die casting method using natural aging to obtain die cast articles comparable to the performance of a365 aluminum alloy after die casting and T6 heat treatment, the die casting method comprising forming the aluminum alloy as described in any of the above embodiments in a molten state.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing an aluminum alloy as described in any one of the above embodiments, including the following steps: preparing raw materials according to the mass percent of 8.5-9.5% of zinc (Zn), 8.0-10.0% of silicon (Si), 1-3% of magnesium (Mg), 0.4-0.6% of manganese (Mn) and the balance of aluminum (Al); firstly, paving the industrial pure silicon at the bottom of a melting furnace, pressing the industrial pure silicon by using the industrial pure aluminum, raising the furnace temperature to 800 ℃ after the industrial pure silicon is completely melted, fully stirring, reducing the furnace temperature to 740-760 ℃, adding the industrial pure zinc, stirring, reducing the furnace temperature to 720-730 ℃, adding the industrial pure magnesium, melting while stirring, then adding a manganese additive, fully stirring until the mixture is uniform, and obtaining alloy liquid after the components are qualified; adjusting the temperature of the alloy liquid to 730-750 ℃, adding an aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy modifier and an aluminum-titanium-boron wire refiner, degassing and refining for 15 minutes, keeping the temperature at 700-710 ℃, standing for 20-30 minutes, and finally slagging off for later use.
In some embodiments, the purity of the industrial pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99.7wt%, the purity of the industrial pure silicon is more than or equal to 99.9wt%, the purity of the industrial pure zinc is more than or equal to 99.8wt%, the purity of the industrial pure magnesium is more than or equal to 99.95wt%, the manganese additive is 85wt% of Mn +15wt% of fluxing agent, the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy modifier is Al-10Sr, the aluminum-titanium-boron wire refiner is Al5TiB, and the Fe content in all raw materials cannot exceed 0.1%.
In some embodiments, when melting commercially pure silicon, the melt temperature is maintained above 800 ℃ and after sufficient stirring, held for 30 minutes.
In some embodiments, the degassing refining is performed by introducing inert gas into a graphite rotor, and the inert gas is nitrogen, argon or neon.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the embodiment of the application provides an aluminum alloy, a preparation method, a die-casting and a die-casting method, wherein 8.5-9.5% of zinc (Zn), 8.0-10.0% of silicon (Si), 1-3% of magnesium (Mg), 0.4-0.6% of manganese (Mn), 0.03-0.05% of strontium (Sr), titanium (Ti) with the amount of at most 0.15% and the balance of aluminum (Al) are adopted, wherein the mass percent of magnesium is increased to 1-3%, precipitation strengthening of MgZn2 and Mg2Si can be indirectly controlled by adjusting the addition amount of Mg element, elements such as Zn, Mg and the like have higher solid solubility in an aluminum matrix, solid solution strengthening can be realized, and the strength of the alloy is obviously improved; the formula of Sr, Ti and Mn elements is optimized, so that eutectic silicon is fully spheroidized, crystal grains are fully refined, fine grain strengthening is realized, and further, the high strength, high toughness and high fatigue performance of the alloy are realized through the fine grain strengthening, and meanwhile, the alloy has excellent performances such as high heat resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and the like; wherein the mass percent of silicon is 8.0-10.0%, the high content of Si ensures the good fluidity of the alloy liquid, and greatly improves the defects of looseness, air holes, cold shut and the like, namely, the excellent casting performance is obtained. In addition, on the premise of ensuring good casting performance, the proportion of alloy elements is optimized, the requirement that the product after die casting does not need heat treatment can be met, the performance of T6 heat treatment of A356 can be achieved after natural aging for 3-5 days after conventional die casting, the production cost is greatly reduced, the heat treatment deformation phenomenon of a large thin-wall part is effectively reduced, and the yield is improved. Meanwhile, the aluminum alloy die-casting material is naturally aged without heat treatment, and the problem that the existing die-casting aluminum alloy is difficult to obtain at high mechanical property, high yield and low production cost is solved to a certain extent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of making an aluminum alloy provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc. in the description and claims of this application and in the accompanying drawings are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
In the embodiment disclosed in the application, the aluminum alloy formed by specific elements in specific amount obtains high strength, high toughness and high fatigue performance of the alloy, and simultaneously has excellent high heat resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and the like, and can meet the requirements that the die-cast product does not need heat treatment, the T6 heat treatment performance of A356 aluminum alloy can be achieved after 3-5 days of natural aging after conventional die casting, and the production cost is greatly reduced. The structure after die casting and natural aging for 3-5 days can be a thin-wall casting (die casting with the thickness of about 4 mm), and the mechanical property can reach: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 320MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 210MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 6 percent, and the hardness is more than or equal to 105 HB. By adopting the method of die casting and natural aging of the aluminum alloy, the heat treatment deformation phenomenon of the large thin-wall part can be effectively reduced, and the yield is improved.
Exemplary alloys disclosed in the present application consist essentially of zinc (Zn), silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), strontium (Sr), titanium (Ti), the balance aluminum (Al), and unavoidable impurities. One or more specific elements may not be intentionally added to the alloy, but may be present in small amounts, equivalent to unavoidable impurities. For example, iron (Fe), copper (Cu) are examples of unavoidable impurities that may not be intentionally added to the alloy but still be present. In the inevitable impurities, the impurity elements of iron (Fe) are not more than 0.15 percent, copper (Cu) are not more than 0.03 percent, and other impurity elements are less than 0.1 percent individually and less than 0.3 percent in total. In the examples disclosed herein, the elements in specific combinations produce an aluminum alloy suitable for cast aluminum parts having a lightweight design but still having high strength, and the die-cast product does not require heat treatment, and after 3-5 days of natural aging after conventional die-casting, the T6 heat treatment performance of A356 can be achieved, thus greatly reducing production cost, and effectively reducing heat treatment deformation of the cast aluminum parts and improving yield.
Throughout this disclosure, it is understood that when the lower limit of the range is not given (e.g., iron (Fe) ≦ 0.15%, other impurity elements individually < 0.1%), the lower limit is 0wt%, and thus the particular element may not be present in the alloy. But when it is stated that an element is "present in an amount up to wt%", the lower limit is greater than 0wt%, and at least some of the element is present in the alloy. Further, when values are described using "about," this is meant to encompass minor variations (up to +/-10%) from the recited value.
In one embodiment of the present application, there is provided an aluminum alloy consisting essentially of, in weight percent: 8.5-9.5% zinc (Zn), 8.0-10.0% silicon (Si), 1-3% magnesium (Mg), 0.4-0.6% manganese (Mn), 0.03-0.05% strontium (Sr), titanium (Ti) present in an amount of up to 0.15%, the balance aluminum (Al) and unavoidable impurities. The impurity elements of iron (Fe) in the inevitable impurities are less than or equal to 0.15 percent, copper (Cu) is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, the single impurity element is less than 0.1 percent, and the total amount is less than 0.3 percent.
The weight percentage of Si is controlled to be 8.0-10.0%, the higher Si content ensures good fluidity of the alloy liquid, increases tensile strength and hardness, reduces shrinkage rate and hot cracking tendency, greatly improves defects of porosity, air holes, cold shut and the like, and has excellent casting performance, so that the composition is very suitable for thin-wall castings (for example, the thickness of the wall is less than or equal to 5 mm), but the aluminum alloy can also be used for manufacturing thick-wall castings (for example, the thickness of the wall is more than 5 mm).
In the invention, the weight percentage of Mg is controlled to be 1-3%, and the weight percentage of Zn is controlled to be 8.5-9.5%. By adjusting the addition amount of Mg, the precipitation strengthening of MgZn2 and Mg2Si can be indirectly controlled, and the solid solution strengthening can be realized due to the higher solid solubility of elements such as Zn, Mg and the like in an aluminum matrix, so that the strength of the alloy is obviously improved.
Sr is a surface active element, and can change the behavior of an intermetallic compound phase crystallographically. Therefore, the plastic workability and the final product quality of the alloy can be improved by using the strontium element for modification treatment, and the weight percentage of Sr is controlled to be 0.03-0.05%. Mn element and Al can form dispersed particles of a MnAl6 compound to hinder the growth of recrystallized grains, a small amount of Mn element can obviously refine the recrystallized grains so as to increase the strength and improve the heat resistance and the corrosion resistance, but an Al-Si-Fe-Mn compound is easily formed due to too high Mn content, hard spots are easily formed and the heat conductivity of the alloy is reduced, the weight percentage of Mn in the invention is controlled to be 0.4-0.6%, and the weight percentage of Fe in impurities is not more than 0.15%. The addition of a trace amount of Ti in the alloy can obviously refine the grain structure of the aluminum alloy, improve the mechanical strength of the alloy, reduce the hot cracking tendency of the alloy and improve the casting performance and the mechanical performance of the alloy. In the present invention Ti is present in an amount of up to 0.15 wt%. By optimizing the formula of Sr, Ti and Mn elements, the weight percent of Sr is controlled to be 0.03-0.05%, the weight percent of Mn is controlled to be 0.4-0.6%, Ti exists in an amount of at most 0.15wt%, eutectic silicon is fully spheroidized, crystal grains are fully refined, fine grain strengthening is realized, and further the high strength, high toughness and high fatigue performance of the alloy are realized through the fine grain strengthening, and meanwhile, the alloy has excellent performances such as high heat resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and the like.
Fe as impurity element, and FeAl when the content is too high3、Fe2Al7And Al-Si-Fe, which is present in the alloy in the form of platelets or needles, reduces the mechanical properties, in particular the elongation. The Cu element can increase the strength and hardness of the alloy, but can significantly reduce the elongation. Therefore, Cu is also used as an impurity in the aluminum alloy to strictly control the content thereof. The weight percentage of Fe in the alloy is below 0.15wt%, and the weight percentage of Cu is below 0.03 wt%.
Tests show that the aluminum alloy formed by the specific amount of the specific elements provided by the application can meet the requirement that the die-cast product does not need heat treatment, the performance of the aluminum alloy after T6 heat treatment of A356 can be achieved after natural aging for 3-5 days after conventional die-casting, the production cost is greatly reduced, the heat treatment deformation phenomenon of a large thin-wall part is effectively reduced, and the yield is improved.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides an aluminum alloy-A, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 9.0wt% Zn, 9.0wt% Si, 1.0wt% Mg, 0.5wt% Mn, 0.04wt% Sr, TI present in an amount of not more than 0.15wt%, not more than 0.15wt% Fe, not more than 0.03wt% Cu, the balance Al.
Preparing molten aluminum alloy-A aluminum alloy liquid, transferring the aluminum alloy liquid to a machine edge furnace through a transfer ladle for heat preservation, and carrying out die-casting production, wherein the die-casting technological parameters are as follows: the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the mold preheating temperature is 260 ℃, the casting pressure is 130MPa, the injection speed is 7m/s, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 100 mbar. The die-cast sample obtained in this example was a thin-walled casting (thickness 4 mm), and without heat treatment, the tensile strength at room temperature was 325MPa, the yield strength was 215MPa, the elongation was 7.2% and the hardness was 110HB as measured after 3 days of natural aging.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides an aluminum alloy-B, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 9.0wt% Zn, 9.0wt% Si, 3.0wt% Mg, 0.5wt% Mn, 0.04wt% Sr, TI present in an amount of no more than 0.15wt%, no more than 0.15wt% Fe, no more than 0.03wt% Cu, the balance Al.
Preparing molten aluminum alloy-B aluminum alloy liquid, transferring the aluminum alloy liquid to a machine edge furnace through a transfer ladle for heat preservation, and carrying out die-casting production, wherein the die-casting technological parameters are as follows: the casting temperature is 700 ℃, the mold preheating temperature is 260 ℃, the casting pressure is 140MPa, the injection speed is 8m/s, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 100 mbar. The die-cast sample obtained in this example was a thin-walled casting (thickness 4 mm), and after natural aging for 3 days without heat treatment, the tensile strength at room temperature was measured to be 342MPa, the yield strength was measured to be 226MPa, the elongation was measured to be 6.3%, and the hardness was measured to be 106 HB.
In another embodiment of the present application, there is provided an aluminum alloy-C, comprising the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 8.5wt% Zn, 8.0wt% Si, 2.0wt% Mg, 0.4wt% Mn, 0.03wt% Sr, TI present in an amount of no more than 0.15wt%, no more than 0.15wt% Fe, no more than 0.03wt% Cu, the balance Al.
In another embodiment of the present application, there is provided an aluminum alloy-D comprising the following chemical components in weight percent: 9.5wt% Zn, 10.0wt% Si, 3.0wt% Mg, 0.6wt% Mn, 0.05wt% Sr, TI present in an amount of no more than 0.15wt%, no more than 0.15wt% Fe, no more than 0.03wt% Cu, the balance Al.
Respectively preparing molten aluminum alloy-C and aluminum alloy-D aluminum alloy liquid, transferring the aluminum alloy liquid to a machine edge furnace through a transfer ladle for heat preservation, and carrying out die-casting production by adopting a vacuum die-casting technology, wherein the die-casting technological parameters are as follows: the melt casting temperature is 680-700 ℃, the mold preheating temperature is 240-260 ℃, the casting pressure is 120-140MPa, the injection speed is 6-8m/s, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 100 mbar. The thin-wall casting samples (with the thickness of 4 mm) prepared by respectively utilizing the aluminum alloy liquid of the aluminum alloy-C and the aluminum alloy-D are not subjected to heat treatment, and the mechanical properties of the die-casting samples can reach the following levels after the die-casting samples are naturally aged for 3 days: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 320MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 210MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 6 percent, and the hardness is more than or equal to 105 HB.
Example 3:
the aluminum alloys disclosed herein can be used to make a variety of structural castings or cast structures (i.e., parts, structures, etc.), including thin-walled castings or parts or thick-walled castings or parts. As used herein, a thin-walled casting is any part having a wall thickness of less than or equal to 5 mm. In one example, the wall thickness is about 4 mm. As used herein, a thick-walled casting is any component with a wall thickness greater than 5 mm. The thin-walled casting or the thick-walled casting may be an automotive part, a computer part, a communication part or a consumer electronics part. For example for automotive parts: the structural casting may be an aluminium-based part for a vehicle body, an automobile wheel cover or an aluminium-based wheel; some particular automotive parts include chassis components such as engine mounts, shock absorbers, and the like. The final structural casting may also be a part used in elevator, motorcycle, bicycle, marine applications.
In example 3, a die-cast product, such as body-in-white parts such as a shock absorbing tower, a side member, and an instrument panel, chassis-type automobile parts such as a battery box cover, an impact beam, and a sub-frame, is provided, and the die-cast product is manufactured by using the aluminum alloy described in any of the above examples.
The die-casting cast product in the embodiment 3 is manufactured without heat treatment, the performance of A356T 6 after heat treatment can be achieved after 3-5 days of natural aging after conventional die-casting, the production cost is greatly reduced, the heat treatment deformation phenomenon of a large thin-wall part is effectively reduced, the yield is improved, and the problem that the existing die-casting aluminum alloy is difficult to achieve at the same time of high mechanical performance, high yield and low production cost is solved to a certain extent.
Example 4:
in this example 4, there is provided a die casting method using natural aging to obtain a die cast article having properties comparable to those of an a365 aluminum alloy after die casting and heat treatment in T6, said die casting method comprising forming the aluminum alloy as described in any of the above examples in a molten state; the vacuum die-casting process is adopted, and the process parameters are as follows: the melt casting temperature is 680-700 ℃, the mold preheating temperature is 240-260 ℃, the casting pressure is 120-140MPa, the injection speed is 6-8m/s, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 100 mbar; the die casting is naturally aged for 3-5 days without heat treatment.
The mechanical properties of the alloy can reach the following values measured in actual production detection: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 320MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 210MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 6 percent, and the hardness is more than or equal to 105 HB.
Example 5:
in this embodiment, a method for preparing the aluminum alloy described in any of the above embodiments is provided, as shown in fig. 1, including the following steps:
s01: and (5) preparing raw materials. Preparing raw materials according to the mass percent of 8.5-9.5% of zinc (Zn), 8.0-10.0% of silicon (Si), 1-3% of magnesium (Mg), 0.4-0.6% of manganese (Mn) and the balance of aluminum (Al); the purity of the industrial pure aluminum is more than or equal to 99.7wt%, the purity of the industrial pure silicon is more than or equal to 99.9wt%, the purity of the industrial pure zinc is more than or equal to 99.8wt%, and the purity of the industrial pure magnesium is more than or equal to 99.95 wt%.
S02: and preparing alloy liquid. Firstly, paving industrial pure silicon at the bottom of a melting furnace, pressing the industrial pure silicon by using industrial pure aluminum, raising the furnace temperature to 800 ℃ after the industrial pure silicon is completely melted, fully stirring, and preserving heat and standing for 30 minutes; reducing the furnace temperature to 740-760 ℃, adding the industrial pure zinc and stirring, reducing the furnace temperature to 720-730 ℃, adding the industrial pure magnesium while melting and stirring, then adding the manganese additive, and finally fully stirring until the mixture is uniform, and obtaining the alloy liquid after the components are qualified. The manganese additive is 85wt% of Mn +15wt% of fluxing agent, the manganese has higher melting point, the fluxing agent is added to enable the high-melting-point Mn to enter the molten aluminum at the normal casting melting temperature of the aluminum, and the commonly used fluxing agent is halide salt, such as chloride salt (NaCl, KCl, MgCl)2) Fluoride salts (NAF, KF, MgF)2、Na3AlF6Etc.), carbonate (Na)2CO3、K2CO3、CaCO3Etc.), sulfates (Na)2SO4、K2SO4Etc.), nitrates (NaNO)3、KNO3Etc.) and the like.
S03: modifying, refining and refining. Adjusting the temperature of the alloy liquid to 730-750 ℃, adding an aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy modifier and an aluminum-titanium-boron wire refiner, degassing and refining for 15 minutes, keeping the temperature at 700-710 ℃, standing for 20-30 minutes, and finally slagging off for later use. The degassing refining is performed in a mode of introducing inert gas into the graphite rotor, and the inert gas is nitrogen, argon or neon.
The aluminum alloy liquid prepared by the preparation method in the embodiment 5 is transferred to a machine edge furnace for heat preservation through a transfer ladle, and is subjected to die-casting production, and then the die-casting is subjected to natural aging for 3-5 days, so that the die-casting meeting a certain standard can be obtained, the production cost is greatly reduced, the heat treatment deformation phenomenon of the casting is effectively reduced, the yield is improved, and the contradiction between the product quality and the production cost is effectively relieved.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present application has been presented to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present application, and the above description of the embodiments is only provided to help understand the method and the core concept of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
Claims (11)
1. The aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 8.5-9.5% zinc (Zn), 8.0-10.0% silicon (Si), 1-3% magnesium (Mg), 0.4-0.6% manganese (Mn), 0.03-0.05% strontium (Sr), titanium (Ti) present in an amount of up to 0.15%, the balance being aluminum (Al).
2. The aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the die-cast and naturally aged structure of the aluminum alloy has the following mechanical properties: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 320MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 210MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 6 percent, and the hardness is more than or equal to 105 HB; the aluminum alloy is a thin-wall casting in a die-cast and naturally aged structure, and the natural aging time is 3-5 days.
3. An aluminum alloy, characterized by consisting essentially of, in weight percent: 8.5-9.5% zinc (Zn), 8.0-10.0% silicon (Si), 1-3% magnesium (Mg), 0.4-0.6% manganese (Mn), 0.03-0.05% strontium (Sr), titanium (Ti) present in an amount of up to 0.15%, the balance aluminum (Al) and unavoidable impurities.
4. The aluminum alloy of claim 3, wherein the inevitable impurities are, as incidental elements, iron (Fe) 0.15%, copper (Cu) 0.03%, and other incidental elements < 0.1% individually and < 0.3% in total.
5. An aluminium alloy according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the die-cast and naturally aged structure of the aluminium alloy has the following mechanical properties: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 320MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 210MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 6 percent, and the hardness is more than or equal to 105 HB; the aluminum alloy is a thin-wall casting in a die-cast and naturally aged structure, and the natural aging time is 3-5 days.
6. A die-cast article made of the aluminum alloy recited in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A method of die casting using natural ageing to obtain die cast articles having properties comparable to those obtained after die casting of an a365 aluminium alloy and heat treatment of T6, characterised in that the die casting method comprises forming an aluminium alloy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in the molten state.
8. The method for producing an aluminum alloy as recited in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
preparing raw materials according to the mass percent of 8.5-9.5% of zinc (Zn), 8.0-10.0% of silicon (Si), 1-3% of magnesium (Mg), 0.4-0.6% of manganese (Mn) and the balance of aluminum (Al);
firstly, paving the industrial pure silicon at the bottom of a melting furnace, pressing the industrial pure silicon by using the industrial pure aluminum, raising the furnace temperature to 800 ℃ after the industrial pure silicon is completely melted, fully stirring, reducing the furnace temperature to 740-760 ℃, adding the industrial pure zinc, stirring, reducing the furnace temperature to 720-730 ℃, adding the industrial pure magnesium, melting while stirring, then adding a manganese additive, fully stirring until the mixture is uniform, and obtaining alloy liquid after the components are qualified;
adjusting the temperature of the alloy liquid to 730-750 ℃, adding an aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy modifier and an aluminum-titanium-boron wire refiner, degassing and refining for 15 minutes, keeping the temperature at 700-710 ℃, standing for 20-30 minutes, and finally slagging off for later use.
9. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy according to claim 8, wherein the purity of the industrial pure aluminum is greater than or equal to 99.7wt%, the purity of the industrial pure silicon is greater than or equal to 99.9wt%, the purity of the industrial pure zinc is greater than or equal to 99.8wt%, the purity of the industrial pure magnesium is greater than or equal to 99.95wt%, the manganese additive is 85wt% of Mn +15wt% of fluxing agent, the aluminum-strontium intermediate alloy modifier is Al-10Sr, the aluminum-titanium-boron wire refiner is Al5TiB, and the content of Fe in all raw materials cannot exceed 0.1%.
10. The method of producing an aluminum alloy according to claim 8, wherein the melt temperature is maintained at 800 ℃ or higher when melting the industrial pure silicon, and after sufficiently stirring, the melt is allowed to stand for 30 minutes while maintaining the temperature.
11. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy according to claim 8, wherein the degassing refining is performed by introducing an inert gas into a graphite rotor, and the inert gas is nitrogen, argon or neon.
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| CN117802363A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-04-02 | 广东工程职业技术学院 | High-strength and high-toughness die-casting aluminum alloy free of heat treatment and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111690844A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-22 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Eutectic Al-Fe-Mn-Si-Mg die casting alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN115161479A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-10-11 | 重庆大学 | Method for preparing Ti-Al-Si alloy by using waste denitration catalyst |
| CN117802363A (en) * | 2024-01-08 | 2024-04-02 | 广东工程职业技术学院 | High-strength and high-toughness die-casting aluminum alloy free of heat treatment and preparation method thereof |
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