CN111039196B - Movable counterweight device with combined shear fork of movable arm tower crane and use method of movable counterweight device - Google Patents
Movable counterweight device with combined shear fork of movable arm tower crane and use method of movable counterweight device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111039196B CN111039196B CN201911363228.6A CN201911363228A CN111039196B CN 111039196 B CN111039196 B CN 111039196B CN 201911363228 A CN201911363228 A CN 201911363228A CN 111039196 B CN111039196 B CN 111039196B
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- counterweight
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- shearing fork
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/72—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
- B66C23/74—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib
- B66C23/76—Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib and movable to take account of variations of load or of variations of length of jib
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/82—Luffing gear
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of luffing jib luffing tower cranes, in particular to a luffing jib tower crane shear fork combined type movable counterweight device and a use method thereof. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the movable arm tower crane shear fork combined movable counterweight device comprises a fixed part, a movable counterweight part and a connecting rod transmission part; the fixed part comprises a balance arm, a guide rail and a rotary platform, the movable counterweight part comprises a fixed counterweight, a movable counterweight I, a movable counterweight II, a counterweight trolley, a suspension cage, a shearing fork mechanism I, a shearing fork mechanism II, a shearing fork guide rail and a control sliding block, and the connecting rod transmission part comprises a connecting rod I, a connecting rod II, a speed-changing side link, a suspension arm connecting rod and a suspension arm. The invention can solve the problem of overlarge fluctuation of the difference value of the forward tilting bending moment and the backward tilting bending moment in the luffing process of the luffing jib tower crane, and improves the bearing capacity and the safety of the luffing jib tower crane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of luffing jib luffing tower cranes, in particular to a luffing jib tower crane shear fork combined type movable counterweight device and a use method thereof.
Background
At present, with the rapid development of the building industry, the demand for tower cranes is increasing, and for high-rise and super-high-rise building construction, the application of the movable arm tower crane is expanding due to the limitation of the operation space of the tower crane and the convenience of the tower group operation. In the luffing process of the luffing jib luffing tower crane, because the counterweight is fixed at the designated position of the balancing jib, the backward tilting moment generated by the luffing jib luffing tower crane is kept unchanged, and the forward tilting moment generated by the dead weight of the luffing jib, the hoisting weight and the like is changed along with the change moment of amplitude, so that the difference value between the forward tilting moment and the backward tilting moment is changed at moment, the fluctuation is large, and the bearing capacity and the safety of the tower crane are affected.
In order to reduce the difference between the forward tilting moment and the backward tilting moment as much as possible, the relation between the movable counterweight and the working amplitude is established, so that the forward tilting moment change caused by the dead weight of the suspension arm and the change of the suspension weight due to the amplitude change is counteracted as much as possible, the mutual balance of the forward tilting moment and the backward tilting moment is ensured to a certain extent, the stress of the slewing support of the tower crane and the tower body structure is improved, and the bearing capacity and the safety are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a shear fork combined type movable counterweight device of a movable arm tower crane and a use method thereof, which can solve the problem that the difference value between a forward tilting bending moment and a backward tilting bending moment fluctuates too much in the amplitude changing process of the movable arm tower crane, and improve the bearing capacity and the safety of the movable arm amplitude changing tower crane.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The movable arm tower crane shear fork combined movable counterweight device comprises a fixed part, a movable counterweight part and a connecting rod transmission part;
The fixed part comprises a balance arm, a guide rail and a rotary platform, wherein the balance arm is connected with the rotary platform through a pin shaft, and the guide rail is connected with the lower side of the balance arm through a bolt;
The movable counterweight part comprises a fixed counterweight, a movable counterweight I, a movable counterweight II, a counterweight trolley, a hanging cage, a shearing fork mechanism I, a shearing fork mechanism II, a shearing fork guide rail and a control sliding block, wherein the fixed counterweight, the movable counterweight I and the movable counterweight II are respectively arranged in the hanging cage, the hanging cage provided with the fixed counterweight is fixedly connected to the lower side of one end of the balance arm far away from the rotation center through bolts, the hanging cage provided with the movable counterweight I and the movable counterweight II is sequentially and fixedly connected to the lower side of the counterweight trolley through bolts, and wheels of the counterweight trolley are in rolling fit with the guide rail; the first shearing fork guide rail is welded on the side surface of the hanging cage, the second shearing fork mechanism is arranged between the first movable counterweight and the second movable counterweight, the second shearing fork mechanism is arranged between the second movable counterweight and the fixed counterweight, the lower hinge points of the first shearing fork mechanism and the second shearing fork mechanism are connected with the hanging cage through connecting pieces, the upper hinge point of the first shearing fork mechanism is connected with a roller I, the upper hinge point of the second shearing fork mechanism is connected with a roller II, and the roller I and the roller II are mounted in rolling fit with the shearing fork guide rail; the control sliding block is arranged in the scissor guide rail between the scissor mechanism I and the suspension cage provided with the movable counterweight II, and is positioned above the roller I and contacted with the roller I;
The connecting rod transmission part comprises a connecting rod I, a connecting rod II, a speed change side link rod, a suspension arm connecting rod and a suspension arm; the first connecting rod is hinged with the counterweight trolley and the first connecting rod is hinged with the first connecting rod through a pin shaft, the second connecting rod is hinged with the second connecting rod through a pin shaft, the second connecting rod is hinged with the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod, the second connecting rod is hinged with the second connecting rod, the third connecting rod is hinged with the rotary platform through a pin shaft, the second connecting rod is hinged with the second connecting rod through a pin shaft, and the second connecting rod is hinged with the third connecting rod through a pin shaft.
According to the use method of the movable arm tower crane shear fork combined type movable counterweight device, the suspension arm is used as the driving piece, when the working amplitude is changed, the suspension arm drives the movable counterweight part to reciprocate through the connecting rod transmission part, the backward tilting bending moment is adjusted in a grading manner through the cooperation of the shear fork mechanism I and the shear fork mechanism II with the movable counterweight I and the movable counterweight II, the balancing precision of the forward tilting bending moment and the backward tilting bending moment is improved, and therefore the distance from the movable counterweight I and the movable counterweight II to the rotation center is changed, and the difference value between the forward bending moment and the backward bending moment of the tower crane is reduced.
Further, the application method of the movable arm tower crane scissor fork combined type movable counterweight device specifically comprises the following steps:
1) In the working range changing process, a boom connecting rod fixedly connected with the boom rotates along with the boom around a hinge point of the rotary platform, the boom connecting rod drives a speed change side link to do circular motion around a hinge point of the balance arm through a connecting rod II, and the speed change side link drives the movable balance weight to do linear motion along a guide rail through a connecting rod I;
2) In the amplitude changing process from the maximum working amplitude to the minimum working amplitude, in the initial stage of amplitude change, the movable counterweight I moves independently under the action of the suspension arm and the control slide block, and the shearing fork mechanism I between the movable counterweight I and the movable counterweight II is completely stretched; as the working amplitude continues to be reduced, the movable counterweight II starts to move, the second shearing fork mechanism between the movable counterweight II and the fixed counterweight stretches, and when the working amplitude reaches the minimum, the second shearing fork mechanism stretches completely;
3) In the amplitude changing process from the minimum working amplitude to the maximum working amplitude, in the initial stage of amplitude change, under the action of the dead weight of the control slide block, the telescopic state of the first shearing fork mechanism is kept unchanged, the second shearing fork mechanism is gradually contracted, and the first movable counterweight and the second movable counterweight are simultaneously moved until the second shearing fork mechanism is completely retracted; the working amplitude continues to increase, the scissor mechanism starts to shrink against the dead weight of the control sliding block, and the movable counterweight starts to move until the scissor mechanism completely retracts, and the position of the maximum working amplitude is reached.
The operation principle of the movable arm tower crane scissor fork combined movable counterweight device is as follows: the device comprises at least two movable counterweights and two groups of scissor fork mechanisms, and the movable counterweights realize graded movement in the amplitude changing process. When the working amplitude of the tower crane is changed and the same angle delta alpha is changed, the forward tilting bending moment change around the arm root hinge point has the following relation
(PQ+0.5Gb)×L×(cosα1-cosα2)-(PQ+0.5Gb)×L×(cosα2-cosα3)=(2PQ+Gb)×L×(cosΔα-1)×(cosα1+Δα)<0
α2=α1+Δα,α3=α1+2×Δα
Wherein alpha is the included angle between the suspension arm and the horizontal direction, and 0 degree < alpha <90 degrees
As can be seen from the above equation, when the boom changes by the same angle Δα, the amount of change in the forward tilting moment in the first stage (α is smaller) is smaller than the amount of change in the second stage (α is larger), in other words, the forward tilting moment generated by the boom changes more slowly in the first stage than in the second stage. For the backward tilting bending moment generated by the movable counterweights, only one group of movable counterweights moves in the first stage, and two groups of movable counterweights move simultaneously in the second stage, and the backward tilting bending moment changes slower than that in the second stage. The change rate of the forward tilting moment generated by the suspension arm is changed at any time, and the precision of moment balance can be improved by graded adjustment of the backward tilting moment, so that the change of the forward tilting moment is better adapted. The relationship between the forward and aft bending moments can be expressed as:
G43×L43+G42×L42+G41×L41=Gb×(L/2×cosα+e)+PQ×(L×cosα+e)
wherein:
g 41 -moving the counterweight by weight;
g 42 -moving the second weight of the counterweight;
g 43 -fixing the weight of the counterweight;
g b -the weight of the boom;
P Q -the weight of the sling;
L 41 -moving the weight a distance from the center of gravity to the center of rotation;
l 42 -moving the distance from the gravity center of the counterweight II to the rotation center;
L 43 -fixing the distance from the counterweight to the center of rotation;
The length of the L-boom;
An included angle between the alpha-suspension arm and the horizontal direction;
e-distance from the root hinge point of the suspension arm to the rotation center.
The type of the tower crane and the related parameters of the suspension arm are different, and the moving speed of the movable counterweight is changed by adjusting the eccentric distance of the first connecting rod hinged with the suspension cage and the speed-changing side link, so that the tower crane is better suitable for different types of tower cranes. The movable counter weight, the number of the groups of the shearing fork mechanisms, the number of the sections and the size of each part can be selected according to relevant tower crane parameters, and the number of the sections of each group of the shearing fork mechanisms can be adjusted according to actual requirements, so that bending moment can be balanced better, and the overall safety performance of the tower crane is improved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The movable counterweight realizing mechanism designed by the invention drives the counterweight to move by utilizing the change of the working amplitude of the suspension arm through reasonable layout, thereby effectively reducing the difference value of the forward tilting bending moment and the backward tilting bending moment, improving the precision of bending moment balance and improving the overall safety of the tower crane.
2. The movable counterweight realizing mechanism designed by the invention has a simple structure, does not need to add an additional driving mechanism, and utilizes the movement of the suspension arm in the amplitude variation process, and the suspension arm drives the link mechanism to drive the counterweight to move. The moving sequence of the movable counterweight can be controlled by controlling the dead weight of the sliding block, so that the grading adjustment of the backward tilting bending moment is realized, and the forward tilting bending moment nonlinear change in the amplitude changing process is adapted.
3. Through adjusting the eccentric distance of the counterweight hinge point and the position proportion of the hinge point of the speed change side link, the speed of moving the counterweight can be changed, and the speed change device is suitable for different types of tower cranes.
4. For the tower cranes with different lifting capacities, the number of groups of the shearing fork mechanisms, the number of the sections of the shearing fork and the size of each part can be selected according to actual needs, and the requirements of different types of tower cranes can be met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a movable counterweight device combined with a movable arm tower crane and a scissor fork;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fixed counterweight cage and a balance arm and a second scissor mechanism connected to the cage;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged top view of FIG. 2 at A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the connection of a counterweight trolley to a rail;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the counterweight trolley to the suspension cage and the first scissor mechanism to the suspension cage;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a first scissor mechanism coupled to a cage;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the bending moment and the bending moment of the movable counterweight device.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the movable counterweight device of the movable arm tower crane in a scissor fork combination mode comprises a fixed part, a movable counterweight part and a connecting rod transmission part; the fixed part comprises a balance arm 1, a guide rail 2 and a rotary platform 8, wherein the balance arm 1 is connected with the rotary platform 8 through a pin shaft, and the guide rail 2 is connected with the lower side of the balance arm 1 through a bolt; the movable counterweight part comprises a fixed counterweight 43, a movable counterweight 41, a movable counterweight 42, a counterweight trolley 3, a hanging cage 12, a first shearing fork mechanism 51, a second shearing fork mechanism 52, a shearing fork guide rail 14 and a control sliding block 17, wherein the fixed counterweight 43, the movable counterweight 41 and the movable counterweight 42 are respectively arranged in the hanging cage 12, the hanging cage 12 provided with the fixed counterweight 43 is fixedly connected to the lower side of one end of the balance arm 1 far away from the rotation center through bolts, the hanging cage 12 provided with the movable counterweight 41 and the movable counterweight 42 is sequentially and fixedly connected to the lower side of the counterweight trolley 3 through bolts, and wheels of the counterweight trolley 3 are in rolling fit with the guide rail 2; the first shearing fork guide rail 14 is welded on the side surface of the hanging cage 12, the first shearing fork mechanism 51 is arranged between the first movable counterweight 41 and the second movable counterweight 42, the second shearing fork mechanism 52 is arranged between the second movable counterweight 42 and the fixed counterweight 43, the first shearing fork mechanism 51 is formed by hinging a shearing fork connecting rod 512 through a pin shaft 15, the second shearing fork mechanism 52 is formed by hinging a shearing fork connecting rod 522 through a pin shaft 15, the lower hinging points of the first shearing fork mechanism 51 and the second shearing fork mechanism 52 are connected with the hanging cage 12 through a connecting piece 16, the upper hinging point of the first shearing fork mechanism 51 is connected with a roller 511, the upper hinging point of the second shearing fork mechanism 52 is connected with a roller 521, and the roller 511 and the roller 521 are mounted in rolling fit with the hanging cage 14; the control slide block 17 is arranged in the scissor guide rail 14 between the scissor mechanism I51 and the hanging cage 12 provided with the movable counterweight II 42, and the control slide block 17 is positioned above the roller I511 and is contacted with the roller I511;
the connecting rod transmission part comprises a first connecting rod 61, a second connecting rod 62, a speed change side link 7, a suspension arm connecting rod 9, a suspension arm connecting rod 10 and a suspension arm 11; the speed change side link 7 is hinged with the balance arm 1 through a pin shaft 15, a first connecting rod 61 is respectively hinged with the counterweight trolley 3 and the speed change side link 7 through a pin shaft 15, a second connecting rod 62 is respectively hinged with the speed change side link 7 and the boom connecting rod 9 through a pin shaft 15, the boom 11 is hinged with the rotary platform 8 through a pin shaft 15, the boom connecting rod 9 is hinged with the boom 11 through a pin shaft 15, and the boom 11, the boom connecting rod 9 and the boom connecting rod 10 are hinged in pairs through pin shafts 15.
According to the use method of the movable arm tower crane scissor fork combined type movable counterweight device, the suspension arm 11 is used as the driving piece, when the working amplitude is changed, the suspension arm 11 drives the movable counterweight to reciprocate through the connecting rod transmission part, so that the distance from the movable counterweight to the rotation center is changed, and the difference of front bending moment and rear bending moment of the tower crane is reduced. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) In the process of changing the working amplitude, a boom connecting rod 9 fixedly connected with a boom 11 rotates along with the boom 11 around the hinge point of the rotary platform 8, the boom connecting rod 9 drives a speed change side link 7 to do circular motion around the hinge point of the balance arm 1 through a connecting rod II 62, and the speed change side link 7 drives the movable counterweight to do linear motion along the guide rail 2 through a connecting rod I61;
2) In the amplitude changing process from the maximum amplitude to the minimum amplitude, the suspension arm 11 and the control slide block 17 drive the movable counterweight I41 to independently move, and the shearing fork mechanism I51 between the movable counterweight I41 and the movable counterweight II 42 is fully extended; as the working amplitude continues to decrease, the second movable weight 42 starts to move, the second scissor mechanism 52 between the second movable weight 42 and the fixed weight 43 stretches, and when the minimum working amplitude is reached, the second scissor mechanism 52 stretches completely;
3) In the initial stage of amplitude change when the working amplitude is from the minimum to the maximum, firstly, the telescopic state of the first shearing fork mechanism 51 is kept unchanged under the action of the dead weight of the control slide block, the second shearing fork mechanism 52 is gradually contracted, and the first movable counterweight 41 and the second movable counterweight 42 are simultaneously moved until the second shearing fork mechanism 52 is completely retracted; the working amplitude continues to increase, the first scissor mechanism 51 starts to shrink against the dead weight of the control slider, and the first movable counterweight 41 starts to move independently until the first scissor mechanism 51 is fully retracted, at which time the maximum working amplitude position is reached.
The relation of the front-back tilting bending moment of the movable arm tower crane and the shear fork combined movable counterweight device is shown in fig. 7.
Claims (2)
1. The use method of the movable arm tower crane shear fork combined type movable weight device is characterized in that the movable arm tower crane shear fork combined type movable weight device comprises a fixed part, a movable weight part and a connecting rod transmission part;
The fixed part comprises a balance arm, a guide rail and a rotary platform, wherein the balance arm is connected with the rotary platform through a pin shaft, and the guide rail is connected with the lower side of the balance arm through a bolt;
The movable counterweight part comprises a fixed counterweight, a movable counterweight I, a movable counterweight II, a counterweight trolley, a hanging cage, a shearing fork mechanism I, a shearing fork mechanism II, a shearing fork guide rail and a control sliding block, wherein the fixed counterweight, the movable counterweight I and the movable counterweight II are respectively arranged in the hanging cage, the hanging cage provided with the fixed counterweight is fixedly connected to the lower side of one end of the balance arm far away from the rotation center through bolts, the hanging cage provided with the movable counterweight I and the movable counterweight II is sequentially and fixedly connected to the lower side of the counterweight trolley through bolts, and wheels of the counterweight trolley are in rolling fit with the guide rail; the first shearing fork guide rail is welded on the side surface of the hanging cage, the second shearing fork mechanism is arranged between the first movable counterweight and the second movable counterweight, the second shearing fork mechanism is arranged between the second movable counterweight and the fixed counterweight, the lower hinge points of the first shearing fork mechanism and the second shearing fork mechanism are connected with the hanging cage through connecting pieces, the upper hinge point of the first shearing fork mechanism is connected with a roller I, the upper hinge point of the second shearing fork mechanism is connected with a roller II, and the roller I and the roller II are mounted in rolling fit with the shearing fork guide rail; the control sliding block is arranged in the scissor guide rail between the scissor mechanism I and the suspension cage provided with the movable counterweight II, and is positioned above the roller I and contacted with the roller I;
The connecting rod transmission part comprises a connecting rod I, a connecting rod II, a speed change side link rod, a suspension arm connecting rod and a suspension arm; the first connecting rod is respectively hinged with the counterweight trolley and the variable speed side link through a pin shaft, the second connecting rod is respectively hinged with the variable speed side link and the suspension arm connecting rod through a pin shaft, the suspension arm is hinged with the rotary platform through a pin shaft, the suspension arm connecting rod is hinged with the suspension arm through a pin shaft, and the suspension arm, the suspension arm connecting rod and the suspension arm connecting rod are hinged by two pairs through pin shafts;
When the working amplitude is changed, the boom drives the movable counterweight part to reciprocate through the connecting rod transmission part, and the grading adjustment of the backward tilting bending moment is realized through the matching of the first shearing fork mechanism and the second shearing fork mechanism with the first movable counterweight and the second movable counterweight, so that the balance precision of the forward and backward tilting bending moment is improved, the distance from the first movable counterweight and the second movable counterweight to the rotation center is changed, and the difference value of the forward and backward bending moment of the tower crane is reduced.
2. The method for using the movable counterweight device combined with the movable arm and the tower crane scissor fork according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) In the process of changing the working amplitude, a boom connecting rod fixedly connected with the boom rotates along with the boom around a hinge point of the rotary platform, the boom connecting rod drives a speed change side link to do circular motion around a hinge point of the balance arm through a connecting rod II, and the speed change side link drives the movable balance weight part to do linear motion along a guide rail through a connecting rod I;
2) In the amplitude changing process from the maximum working amplitude to the minimum working amplitude, in the initial stage of amplitude change, the movable counterweight I moves independently under the action of the suspension arm and the control slide block, and the shearing fork mechanism I between the movable counterweight I and the movable counterweight II is completely stretched; as the working amplitude continues to be reduced, the movable counterweight II starts to move, the second shearing fork mechanism between the movable counterweight II and the fixed counterweight stretches, and when the working amplitude reaches the minimum, the second shearing fork mechanism stretches completely;
3) In the amplitude changing process from the minimum working amplitude to the maximum working amplitude, in the initial stage of amplitude change, under the action of the dead weight of the control slide block, the telescopic state of the first shearing fork mechanism is kept unchanged, the second shearing fork mechanism is gradually contracted, and the first movable counterweight and the second movable counterweight are simultaneously moved until the second shearing fork mechanism is completely retracted; the working amplitude continues to increase, the scissor mechanism starts to shrink against the dead weight of the control sliding block, and the movable counterweight starts to move until the scissor mechanism completely retracts, and the position of the maximum working amplitude is reached.
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KR101586606B1 (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2016-01-18 | 홍광의 | Luffing jib placing boom |
CN106185657B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-11-07 | 韩波 | A kind of extending formula crane gear balance weight mechanism |
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