CN111035446B - Orthopedics nail extractor convenient to take out disconnected nail - Google Patents
Orthopedics nail extractor convenient to take out disconnected nail Download PDFInfo
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- CN111035446B CN111035446B CN201911369793.3A CN201911369793A CN111035446B CN 111035446 B CN111035446 B CN 111035446B CN 201911369793 A CN201911369793 A CN 201911369793A CN 111035446 B CN111035446 B CN 111035446B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
- A61B17/92—Impactors or extractors, e.g. for removing intramedullary devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/06—Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses an orthopedic nail extractor convenient for taking out broken nails, and belongs to the technical field of nail extractor. The periphery of a drilling mechanism of the orthopedic nail extractor is provided with a guide mechanism, and a traction mechanism for applying upward traction force to broken nails is arranged in a second guide part of the guide mechanism; first guide part and strutting arrangement fixed connection, the rotatable lower part of establishing at first guide part of second guide part, a plurality of metal detection sensor have been laid to the bottom of first guide part, and a plurality of metal detection sensor equidistant settings in the periphery of second guide part and first guide part junction, and a plurality of metal detection sensor and drilling mechanism all are connected with the controller electricity. The orthopedic nail extractor disclosed by the invention realizes accurate punching and real-time monitoring in the punching process, avoids deviation of a drill bit and broken nails, and avoids chiseling peripheral sclerotin while realizing punching through the traction device; the invention can safely and effectively take out broken nails, does not cause great loss to bone substances, and reduces the difficulty in taking out the nails.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nail taking instruments, in particular to an orthopedic nail taking instrument convenient for taking out broken nails.
Background
Orthopedics is one of the most common departments in all hospitals, and mainly studies the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the skeletal muscle system, and the maintenance and development of the normal form and function of the system by using medicines, operations and physical methods. Bone fractures are one of the most common conditions in orthopedics.
The fracture patient wound treatment is characterized in that a bone fracture plate and a screw nail are fixed clinically, the phenomenon of screw fracture caused by various reasons is common in the treatment recovery period of patients, and the problem of taking out broken screws is involved for orthopedics doctors no matter internal fixation is removed or internal fixation is reset; one of the existing methods for taking out the broken nail is to chisel bone around the broken nail, then use tools such as pliers to clamp and rotate the broken nail and then take out the broken nail, and under the condition that the distance between the top end of the broken nail and the top of the bone tunnel is large, more bone needs to be chiseled out, which can cause large damage to the bone; the second method is that a threaded hole is drilled at the top of the broken nail, and then a threaded piece is inserted into the threaded hole and rotated to drive the broken nail to rotate and take out the broken nail, when the method is operated, in order to avoid that the broken nail cannot move in the opposite direction because a drill bit applies downward pressure to the broken nail when the threaded hole is drilled, the broken nail needs to be clamped when the threaded hole is drilled, and the clamping piece still needs to chisel bone around the end part of the broken nail due to the fact that a certain clamping space is needed, so that the bone still can be greatly damaged; in addition, when the second method is adopted for drilling, the problem that a drill bit is deviated from a broken nail and damages peripheral bone substances is easily caused is solved, the traditional nail taking method in the prior art is time-consuming and labor-consuming and can cause great damage to a backbone structure, and therefore a broken nail taking device which can successfully take out the broken nail and cannot further damage the bone substances is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides an orthopedic nail extractor convenient for taking out broken nails.
The invention provides an orthopedic nail extractor convenient for taking out broken nails, which comprises a supporting device, wherein a drilling mechanism is arranged on the supporting device, a guide mechanism is arranged on the periphery of the drilling mechanism,
the drilling mechanism comprises a drill rod, the drill rod penetrates through a threaded hole formed in the supporting device and is in threaded connection with the supporting device, and a motor used for driving the drill rod to rotate is arranged at the top of the drill rod;
the guide mechanism comprises a first guide part for avoiding deviation of a drill hole from broken nails and a second guide part for avoiding deviation of a drill rod, and a traction mechanism for applying upward traction force to the broken nails is arranged in the second guide part;
first guide part and strutting arrangement fixed connection, the second guide part is established in the lower part of first guide part, and the internal diameter of second guide part is less than first guide part, and a plurality of metal detection sensor have been laid to the bottom of first guide part, and a plurality of metal detection sensor equidistant setting in the periphery of second guide part and first guide part junction, a plurality of metal detection sensor and motor all are connected with the controller electricity.
Preferably, the second guide part comprises a guide shell, a longitudinal channel for the drill rod to pass through is arranged in the guide shell, an accommodating cavity is further arranged in the guide shell, and the traction mechanism is arranged in the accommodating cavity.
Preferably, the traction mechanism comprises at least one traction piece, at least one lever and a pressing block, the lever is hinged in the containing cavity, one end of the lever is connected with the upper end of the traction piece, the other end of the lever is located below the pressing block, the pressing block is fixed on the drill rod, and the lower end of the traction piece is fixedly connected with the broken nail.
Preferably, a protective shell is arranged outside the second guide portion, the traction piece is located in a gap between the protective shell and the second guide portion, and the top of the protective shell is fixed to the bottom of the first guide portion.
Preferably, the outer end part of the lever is connected with the side wall of the accommodating cavity in a sliding mode, the side wall of the accommodating cavity is of an arc-shaped structure matched with the movement track of the end part of the lever, and the traction piece is located outside the accommodating cavity and penetrates through the side wall of the accommodating cavity to be connected with the outer end part of the lever.
Preferably, the support mechanism comprises a first support part for supporting the limb and a second support part for supporting the motor, the second support part is connected with the first support part through a support rod, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the drill rod, the drill rod is in threaded connection with a threaded hole formed in the second support part, and the first guide part is arranged at the bottom of the second support part.
Preferably, still be equipped with damping device on the second supporting part, damping device is including supporting mesa and a plurality of spring support post subassembly, and support mesa and second supporting part are connected through a plurality of spring support post subassemblies, the motor is established in the top that supports the mesa, is equipped with the via hole on the support mesa, and the drilling rod passes via hole and second supporting part threaded connection.
Preferably, the bottom end of the drill rod is removably connectable to the drill bit or tap.
Preferably, the pulling element is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber material.
Preferably, the pulling member is connected to the staple breaking end by a metal adhesive.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the orthopedic nail extractor, the plurality of metal detection sensors arranged at the bottom of the first guide part are used for detecting the section of the broken nail to be extracted, so that accurate punching is realized, real-time monitoring is realized in the punching process, and the problems that a drill bit is deviated from the broken nail and the bone around the broken nail is damaged are avoided;
according to the invention, the accommodating cavity is arranged in the second guide part, the traction device is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the traction device does not need an additional power source, and skillfully utilizes the pressure and the lever structure when the drill rod descends, so that on one hand, the drill rod is prevented from being deviated and shaken through the longitudinal channel of the second guide part, on the other hand, the broken nail is exerted with upward pulling force, so that the contact between the broken nail and a drill bit is tighter, the broken nail cannot be reduced along with the drill bit in the descending process of the drill bit, and the problems that the position of the broken nail is deeper and the nail taking difficulty is increased due to punching are; more importantly, the invention realizes the punching through the traction device, simultaneously avoids chiseling the peripheral sclerotin and reduces the damage to the sclerotin.
The damping mechanism can reduce the vibration of the motor and during drilling and reduce the risk of the offset and broken nail of the drill bit. The broken nail extractor can safely and effectively extract broken nails, does not cause great loss to bone, and reduces the nail extracting difficulty.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. the device comprises a supporting device, 11, a first supporting portion, 12, a second supporting portion, 2, a drilling mechanism, 21, a drill rod, 22, a motor, 3, a guide mechanism, 31, a first guide portion, 311, a metal detection sensor, 32, a second guide portion, 321, a guide shell, 322, an accommodating cavity, 4, a traction mechanism, 41, a traction wire, 42, a lever, 43, a pressing block, 5, a damping device, 51, a supporting table top, 52, a spring supporting column assembly and 6, a protective shell.
Detailed Description
Detailed description of the preferred embodimentsthe following detailed description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-2, although it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the orthopedic nail extractor convenient for extracting broken nails provided by the invention comprises a supporting device 1, wherein a drilling mechanism 2 is arranged on the supporting device 1, a guiding mechanism 3 is arranged on the periphery of the drilling mechanism 2,
the drilling mechanism 2 comprises a drill rod 21, the drill rod 21 penetrates through a threaded hole formed in the supporting device 1 to be in threaded connection with the supporting device 1, and a motor 22 for driving the drill rod 21 to rotate is arranged at the top of the drill rod 21;
the guide mechanism 3 comprises a first guide part 31 for avoiding deviation of the drilled hole from broken nails and a second guide part 32 for avoiding deviation of the drill rod 21, and a traction mechanism 4 for applying upward traction to the broken nails is arranged in the second guide part 32;
In this embodiment, the periphery of the drilling mechanism 2 is provided with the guide mechanism 3, wherein the first guide part 31 is used for detecting whether the periphery of the drilling mechanism 2 is a metal detection sensor 311 of a broken nail section, once the relative position of the nail extractor and the limb deviates, the drill bit deviates from the broken nail, the metal cannot be detected right below at least one metal detection sensor 311, and the detection result is transmitted to the controller, the controller controls the motor 22 to be closed, the drilling operation is stopped, so that the nail extractor and the limb deviate and the peripheral bone cannot be damaged; the traction mechanism 4 is arranged in the second guide part 32, and aims to apply upward pulling force to the broken nail while drilling, so that the problem that the broken nail moves downwards in the drilling process is avoided.
When the nail is taken, the drill rod 21 is driven by the motor 22 to rotate to achieve the purpose of punching the end part of the broken nail, then an internal thread is processed in the hole, and finally the purpose of taking the nail is achieved by connecting a matched threaded piece in the threaded hole in a reverse mode; specifically, whether the drill rod 21 is located on the broken nail surface is detected by arranging the plurality of metal detection sensors 311, if the drill rod 21 is located on the broken nail surface, the plurality of metal detection sensors 311 can detect metal and transmit signals to the controller, and if one metal detection sensor 311 cannot detect metal, the signals are transmitted to the controller, and the controller controls the motor 22 to stop working and stop punching. At this point, position correction is required and then drilling can continue. The second guide 32 of the present embodiment serves to ensure that the drill rod 21 does not wobble during drilling.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, in order to pull the broken nail without damaging the peripheral bone, the second guide part 32 includes a guide housing 321, a longitudinal channel for the drill rod 21 to pass through is arranged in the guide housing 321, a containing cavity 322 is further arranged in the guide housing 321, and the pulling mechanism 4 is arranged in the containing cavity 322.
As shown in fig. 2, the pulling mechanism 4 includes at least one pulling member 41, at least one lever 42 and a pressing block 43, the lever 42 is hinged in the accommodating cavity 322, one end of the lever 42 is connected with the upper end of the pulling member 41, the other end of the lever 42 is located below the pressing block 43, the pressing block 43 is fixed on the drill rod 21, and the lower end of the pulling member 41 is fixedly connected with the broken nail.
The working principle is as follows: in the process of drilling by the drilling mechanism 2, the drill rod 21 descends while rotating, the press block 43 fixed on the drill rod 21 inevitably descends when the drill rod 21 descends, downward pressure is applied to the lever 42 while the press block 43 descends, the other end of the lever 42 moves upwards to drive the pull wire 41 to move upwards, and the end part of the pull wire 41 is fixed on the broken nail, so that upward pulling force can be applied to the broken nail, the problem that the position of the broken nail descends due to drilling is solved, more importantly, the pull wire 41 replaces a clamping mechanism, and damage to bone around the broken nail is avoided.
It should be noted that the end of the lever 42 is located below the pressing block 43 and has a clearance with the drill rod, so as not to affect the lowering of the drill rod. The bottom of the guide housing 321 rests on the steel plate when the nail is removed.
Wherein, the outside of second guide part 32 is equipped with protective housing 6, traction element 41 is located in the clearance between protective housing 6 and second guide part 32, the top of protective housing 6 is fixed at the bottom of first guide part 31.
Example 3
In order to limit the movement track of the lever 42, on the basis of embodiment 2, the outer end of the lever 42 is slidably connected with the side wall of the accommodating cavity 322, the side wall of the accommodating cavity 322 is of an arc structure matched with the movement track of the end of the lever 42, and the traction piece 41 is positioned outside the accommodating cavity 322 and connected with the outer end of the lever 42 through the side wall of the accommodating cavity 322.
Through the outer end of the lever 42 and the arc-shaped outer wall sliding connection of the accommodating cavity 322, the motion track of the lever 42 is limited, and the influence on the traction force applied to the broken nail and the punching precision due to the change of the traction direction of the traction wire 41 is avoided.
Example 4
In order to reduce the vibration generated during nail taking and avoid the nail taking device and limbs from generating large position deviation, on the basis of embodiment 2 or embodiment 3, the supporting mechanism 1 comprises a first supporting part 11 for supporting the limbs and a second supporting part 12 for supporting the motor 22, the second supporting part 12 is connected with the first supporting part 11 through a supporting rod, an output shaft of the motor 22 is fixedly connected with the drill rod 21, the drill rod 21 is in threaded connection with a threaded hole formed in the second supporting part 12, and the first guide part 31 is arranged at the bottom of the second supporting part 12.
Still be equipped with damping device 5 on the second supporting part 12, damping device 5 is including supporting mesa 51 and a plurality of spring support post subassembly 52, and supporting mesa 51 and second supporting part 12 are connected through a plurality of spring support post subassemblies 52, motor 22 is established in the top of supporting mesa 51, is equipped with the via hole on the supporting mesa 51, and drilling rod 21 passes via hole and second supporting part 12 threaded connection.
The damping device 5 is used for reducing vibration during punching, and achieving the purposes of reducing the position deviation of the drill rod 21 and broken nails and reducing noise.
Wherein the bottom end of the drill rod 21 can be detachably connected with a drill bit or a tap. Aims at facilitating drilling and tapping.
In order to improve the strength and toughness of the pulling member 41, the pulling member 41 is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
Wherein the pulling member 41 is connected to the end of the broken pin by a metal adhesive.
In conclusion, the orthopedic nail extractor detects the section of the broken nail to be extracted through the plurality of metal detection sensors arranged at the bottom of the first guide part, so that accurate punching is realized, real-time monitoring is realized in the punching process, and the problems that a drill bit deviates from the broken nail and the bone around the broken nail is damaged are avoided;
according to the invention, the accommodating cavity is arranged in the second guide part, the traction device is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the traction device does not need an additional power source, and skillfully utilizes the pressure and the lever structure when the drill rod descends, so that on one hand, the drill rod is prevented from being deviated and shaken through the longitudinal channel of the second guide part, on the other hand, the broken nail is exerted with upward pulling force, so that the contact between the broken nail and a drill bit is tighter, the broken nail cannot be reduced along with the drill bit in the descending process of the drill bit, and the problems that the position of the broken nail is deeper and the nail taking difficulty is increased due to punching are; more importantly, the invention realizes the punching through the traction device, simultaneously avoids chiseling the peripheral sclerotin and reduces the damage to the sclerotin.
The damping mechanism can reduce the vibration of the motor and during drilling and reduce the risk of the offset and broken nail of the drill bit. The broken nail extractor can safely and effectively extract broken nails, does not cause great loss to bone, and reduces the nail extracting difficulty.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. An orthopedic nail extractor convenient for taking out broken nails is characterized by comprising a supporting device (1), wherein a drilling mechanism (2) is arranged on the supporting device (1), and a guide mechanism (3) is arranged on the periphery of the drilling mechanism (2);
the drilling mechanism (2) comprises a drill rod (21), the drill rod (21) penetrates through a threaded hole formed in the supporting device (1) to be in threaded connection with the supporting device (1), and a motor (22) used for driving the drill rod (21) to rotate is arranged at the top of the drill rod (21);
the guide mechanism (3) comprises a first guide part (31) for avoiding deviation of a drill hole from broken nails and a second guide part (32) for avoiding deviation of a drill rod (21), and a traction mechanism (4) for applying upward traction to the broken nails is arranged in the second guide part (32);
the first guide part (31) is fixedly connected with the supporting device (1), the second guide part (32) is arranged at the lower part of the first guide part (31), the inner diameter of the second guide part (32) is smaller than that of the first guide part (31), a plurality of metal detection sensors (311) are distributed at the bottom of the first guide part (31), the metal detection sensors (311) are arranged at the periphery of the joint of the second guide part (32) and the first guide part (31) at equal intervals, and the metal detection sensors (311) and the motor (22) are electrically connected with the controller;
the second guide part (32) comprises a guide outer shell (321), a longitudinal channel for the drill rod (21) to pass through is arranged in the guide outer shell (321), an accommodating cavity (322) is further arranged in the guide outer shell (321), and the traction mechanism (4) is arranged in the accommodating cavity (322);
the traction mechanism (4) comprises at least one traction piece (41), at least one lever (42) and a pressing block (43), the lever (42) is hinged in the accommodating cavity (322), one end of the lever (42) is connected with the upper end of the traction piece (41), the other end of the lever (42) is located below the pressing block (43), the pressing block (43) is fixed on the drill rod (21), and the lower end of the traction piece (41) is fixedly connected with the broken nail.
2. The orthopedic nail extractor convenient for extracting broken nails as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the second guiding part (32) is externally provided with a protective shell (6), the traction piece (41) is positioned in the gap between the protective shell (6) and the second guiding part (32), and the top of the protective shell (6) is fixed at the bottom of the first guiding part (31).
3. The orthopedic nail extractor convenient for extracting broken nails as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the outer end of the lever (42) is connected with the side wall of the accommodating cavity (322) in a sliding manner, the side wall of the accommodating cavity (322) is of an arc structure matched with the movement track of the end of the lever (42), and the traction piece (41) is positioned outside the accommodating cavity (322) and connected with the outer end of the lever (42) through the side wall of the accommodating cavity (322).
4. The orthopedic nail extractor convenient for extracting broken nails as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the supporting device (1) comprises a first supporting part (11) for supporting limbs and a second supporting part (12) for supporting the motor (22), the second supporting part (12) is connected with the first supporting part (11) through a supporting rod, the output shaft of the motor (22) is fixedly connected with the drill rod (21), the drill rod (21) is in threaded connection with a threaded hole arranged on the second supporting part (12), and the first guiding part (31) is arranged at the bottom of the second supporting part (12).
5. The orthopedic nail extractor convenient for extracting broken nails as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second supporting portion (12) is further provided with a damping device (5), the damping device (5) comprises a supporting table (51) and a plurality of spring support column assemblies (52), the supporting table (51) and the second supporting portion (12) are connected through the plurality of spring support column assemblies (52), the motor (22) is arranged above the supporting table (51), the supporting table (51) is provided with a through hole, and the drill rod (21) passes through the through hole and is in threaded connection with the second supporting portion (12).
6. An orthopaedic nail extractor facilitating the extraction of broken nails according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the drill stem (21) is removably connectable to a drill bit or tap.
7. The orthopaedic nail extractor for facilitating the extraction of broken nails according to claim 1, wherein the traction element (41) is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber material.
8. An orthopaedic nail extractor facilitating the extraction of broken nails according to claim 1, wherein said traction means (41) are connected to the end of the broken nail by means of a metal adhesive.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911369793.3A CN111035446B (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Orthopedics nail extractor convenient to take out disconnected nail |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911369793.3A CN111035446B (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Orthopedics nail extractor convenient to take out disconnected nail |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111035446A CN111035446A (en) | 2020-04-21 |
| CN111035446B true CN111035446B (en) | 2021-06-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911369793.3A Active CN111035446B (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Orthopedics nail extractor convenient to take out disconnected nail |
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Citations (2)
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| CN204562359U (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-08-19 | 高鹏 | Broken nail nail-fetching device |
| CN105997230A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-10-12 | 丽水市人民医院 | Orthopaedic screw extraction device capable of easy extraction of broken screw |
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| US8974932B2 (en) * | 2009-09-14 | 2015-03-10 | Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. | Battery powered surgical tool with guide wire |
| CN202342175U (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-07-25 | 殷铭 | Bone nail extractor |
| CN104665913B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2017-06-06 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Bionic fixing device and pulling-out device thereof |
| CN106073886B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2019-09-27 | 苏州苏南捷迈得医疗器械有限公司 | A kind of orthopedic broken screw nail-fetching device |
| CN106725824A (en) * | 2017-03-05 | 2017-05-31 | 刘金凤 | A kind of Medical orthopedic nail-fetching device |
| CN108553161A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-09-21 | 白立科 | A kind of device for taking out broken nail of novel Orthopeadic Surgery |
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2019
- 2019-12-26 CN CN201911369793.3A patent/CN111035446B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN204562359U (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-08-19 | 高鹏 | Broken nail nail-fetching device |
| CN105997230A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-10-12 | 丽水市人民医院 | Orthopaedic screw extraction device capable of easy extraction of broken screw |
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