CN111034531A

CN111034531A - Method for preventing and controlling death of one-hundred-year-old Dangshan crisp pears

Info

Publication number: CN111034531A
Application number: CN201911410903.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱立武; 赵印勇; 衡伟; 陈晓楠; 李金超; 姚道志; 贾兵; 叶振风; 刘莉; 刘普
Original assignee: Dangshan County Pear Germplasm Resources Provincial Nature Reserve Service Center; Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Current assignee: Dangshan County Pear Germplasm Resources Provincial Nature Reserve Service Center; Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
Priority date: 2019-12-31
Filing date: 2019-12-31
Publication date: 2020-04-21

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and controlling death of one hundred old Dangshan pear trees, which relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation and comprises the following steps: preparing a medicament, namely preparing a mixed liquid medicament from a broad-spectrum bactericide copper sulfate solution of 200 times, a phoxim solution of 1000 times and indolebutyric acid of 200 ppm; applying pesticide, digging an annular ditch at the vertical projection position of the branch of the plant crown after picking fruits and before defoliating, wherein the width and the depth are 40-50cm respectively, applying 100kg of mixed liquor to each plant for root irrigation, and backfilling soil for covering after treatment; the method provided by the invention can effectively prevent and control the death of the Dangshan pear in one hundred years, and is simple to operate.

Description

Method for preventing and controlling death of one-hundred-year-old Dangshan crisp pears

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling death of a century old Dangshan pear.

Background

The Dangshan crisp pear is the main variety of the pear with the largest cultivation area in China, and accounts for 23 percent of the total cultivation area and 30 percent of the total yield of the pear in China. The total cultivation area of pear trees in Dangshan county in Anhui province is about 50 mu of mu, which is praised as a pear garden with the largest area in the world, and the records of the Jinice world are obtained. Wherein, the pear orchard with the age of more than one hundred years has more than twenty thousand mu.

In recent years, the market price of Dangshan crisp pear' is continuously low, economic benefits are reduced year by year, the planting enthusiasm of farmers is low, and the production investment is seriously insufficient. In 2014 2016, according to the reflection of technical personnel in Dangshan county province germplasm resource protection offices and the Dangshan county gardening fields, a lot of plants of the Dangshan pear in the King scenic region of the pear tree lose green leaves and weak growth, and part of the plants are dry and withered and dead.

As the real cause of death of a hundred old pear trees is unknown, local technicians do not present any practical solution to this problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a method for preventing and controlling the death of the old one hundred year Dangshan pear, so as to solve the problem that the old one hundred year Dangshan pear in the prior art is weak and withered.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for preventing and controlling death of one hundred-year old Dangshan crisp pears is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step 1, preparation of a drug

The broad-spectrum bactericide copper sulfate solution 200 times, the phoxim solution 1000 times and the indolebutyric acid 200ppm are prepared into mixed liquid medicine

Step 2, applying the medicine

Digging an annular ditch at the vertical projection of the crown branch of the plant after fruit picking and before leaf falling, wherein the width and the depth of the annular ditch are 40-50cm respectively, applying 100kg of mixed liquor to each plant for root irrigation, and backfilling soil for covering after treatment.

Furthermore, the application time in the step 2 is changed into the application together with the base fertilizer in autumn.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: aiming at the death reasons of the Dangshan old pear trees, a comprehensive prevention and control medicament formula of 'bactericide, insecticide and rooting agent' is developed, the method has the characteristics of simplicity and convenience in use and quick response, and a high-efficiency and accurate method is provided for preventing and controlling the death of the Dangshan old pear trees.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing spore germination and hypha growth morphological characteristics of Fusarium solani obtained by soil separation and purification in the example

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It is noted that the term "comprising" in the description and claims of the present application is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, e.g. a method comprising a list of steps is not necessarily limited to those steps explicitly listed, but may include other steps not explicitly listed or inherent to such methods. The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to examples.

In this example, the planting soil of Dangshan pear in the pear king scenic spot was collected and analyzed for the problems in the background art. Through test sampling analysis, the content of soil nutrient elements is normal; some fungi are obtained by separating and purifying from withered roots, rDNA-ITS sequences are cloned and identified to be fusarium solani (Fusarium solani) (figure 1), hypha is grey brown on a PDA culture medium, and aerial hypha is grey white (A); observing under microscope, the hypha is branched and has septum (B); conidiophores are different in size, and a single bottle of conidiophores generates spore-forming cells (C) and can generate conidiophores (D); observed under the microscopic condition of 40 multiplied by 10, the big conidia are spindle-shaped to sickle-shaped, the wall is slightly thick, 3 membranes are mostly 3, and the size is 29-38 multiplied by 4-5 μm; the microconidia is elliptical or oval, has large majority of unit cells, few 1 diaphragm, and is colorless and transparent, and has size of 6-15 × 2-4 μm (E); the conidia can germinate after being cultured in 2 percent grape solution for 12 hours (F), the number of the extended bud tubes is more than 1-2, and some bud tubes can form branches to form invasive filaments (G); the mycelia are cultured for about 15 days to generate a large amount of chlamydospores, the chlamydospores are elliptical to oblong, and the size of the chlamydospores is 6-10 mu m (H)). In addition, Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium oxysporum) and Euonymus albus (Rosellinia necatrix) were isolated and identified. The soil survey finds that the grub of larvae of scarab exists in rhizosphere soil. Therefore, the death reason of the old pear trees in the hundred years is mainly caused by root rot caused by the fungal infection and influence on the absorption of plant nutrient and water; the grub of larva of the scarab is harmful, which not only influences the growth of the root system of the plant and the normal absorption of nutrients, but also aggravates the invasion of germs.

Aiming at the death reasons of the old Dangshan pear trees, the invention develops a comprehensive prevention and control medicament formula of bactericide, insecticide and rooting agent, screens the single-plant medicament dosage of the old Dangshan pear trees, and develops a set of old Dangshan pear tree death prevention and control technology.

The technology comprises the following steps:

1. pharmaceutical formulation

Aiming at fungal diseases such as fusarium solani, fusarium oxysporum, phylloporia and the like, a broad-spectrum bactericide copper sulfate 200 times solution is adopted; matching 1000 times of phoxim solution to prevent and control grub' of scarab larva; and (3) additionally adding 200ppm indolebutyric acid to induce the plant to take root and make up the damage of the disease and pest to the root system. The three medicaments are prepared into mixed solution for administration.

2. Dosage of single plant

According to the size of crown and the distribution depth of root system of the century old pear tree, the appropriate dosage of the diseased plant medicament is determined to be 100kg of mixed liquor for each plant.

3. Method of administering a drug

Digging an annular ditch at the vertical projection position of the crown branch of the diseased plant after picking fruits to before defoliation, wherein the width and the depth of the annular ditch are 40cm-50cm, irrigating the root of each plant by 100kg of mixed solution of 200 times of copper sulfate, 1000 times of phoxim and 200ppm of indolebutyric acid, and backfilling the soil to cover after treatment. The application of the base fertilizer can be carried out in combination with the application of the base fertilizer in autumn.

2016, 2018, in the old pear dead garden of Dangshan pear, Anhui. The results show that after the diseased plants are treated by the technology, the growth vigor of the plants is gradually recovered, and the plants normally bloom and bear fruits.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

The present invention is not limited to the above description of the embodiments, and those skilled in the art should, in light of the present disclosure, appreciate that many changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling death of one hundred-year old Dangshan crisp pears is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step 1, preparation of a drug

Step 2, applying the medicine

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the applying of the base fertilizer in step 2 is performed in conjunction with the applying of the base fertilizer in the fall.