CN111029758B - BD B1 frequency band satellite navigation terminal antenna and working method thereof - Google Patents
BD B1 frequency band satellite navigation terminal antenna and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111029758B CN111029758B CN202010027784.2A CN202010027784A CN111029758B CN 111029758 B CN111029758 B CN 111029758B CN 202010027784 A CN202010027784 A CN 202010027784A CN 111029758 B CN111029758 B CN 111029758B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a satellite navigation terminal antenna of BD B1 frequency band and a working method thereof, comprising a radiation plate and a reflecting plate, wherein the central parts of the radiation plate and the reflecting plate are connected with a coaxial line, the upper side surface of the radiation plate is provided with an upper radiation arm group connected with the inner center of the coaxial line, the lower side surface of the radiation plate is provided with a lower radiation arm group which is staggered by 180 degrees with the upper radiation arm group and is connected with the outer center of the coaxial line, the upper radiation arm group comprises two upper radiation arms which are staggered by 90 degrees and are connected with one inward end, and the lower radiation arm group comprises two lower radiation arms which are staggered by 90 degrees and are connected with one inward end; four vertical metal columns which are in rectangular distribution are further connected between the radiation plate and the reflecting plate, and radiation patches which are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the vertical metal columns are arranged on the lower side surface of the radiation plate. The antenna adopts a coaxial line feeding method, the upper layer is connected with the inner center of the coaxial line, the lower layer is connected with the outer center of the coaxial line, 90-degree phase difference is generated, circular polarization radiation is realized, and a coupling effect is generated through the short-circuit patch and the radiation arm, so that the bandwidth of the antenna can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a BD B1 frequency band satellite navigation terminal antenna and a working method thereof, belonging to the technical field of wireless communication.
Background
Circular Polarized (CP) antennas are highly favored for certain specific wireless communication systems, such as global positioning systems, satellite communication/navigation systems, and radio frequency identification systems, due to their ability to mitigate polarization mismatch and suppress multipath interference. Designing two electric field components with equal amplitude and quadrature phase is a common technique to implement CP antennas, which can be divided into single and double feeds according to a feeding method. Typically, a single feed antenna has a simpler feed network but a narrower Axial Ratio (AR) bandwidth, while a double feed antenna can provide a wider AR bandwidth but requires an external hybrid coupler or power splitter, which can increase the system size significantly. Therefore, how to obtain a wideband and simple and compact CP antenna has been a topic of interest in the antenna field.
In order to increase the bandwidth of the single feed CP antenna, extensive efforts have been made. One straightforward approach is to use multiple resonators. By designing each resonator to operate at a different operating frequency and then combining multiple resonators, the combined response increases the overall bandwidth. Another approach is to use higher order modes. Since no additional element is required, miniaturization can be achieved. However, more energy needs to be lost to bring modes with similar radiation characteristics close to each other, and there is generally a special limitation on the size or shape of the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a satellite navigation terminal antenna capable of improving the bandwidth of the antenna and realizing the BD B1 frequency band of circularly polarized radiation and a working method thereof.
The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme: the satellite navigation terminal antenna of BD B1 frequency band comprises a radiation plate and a reflection plate positioned below the radiation plate, wherein coaxial lines are connected to the central parts of the radiation plate and the reflection plate, an upper radiation arm group connected with the inner center of the coaxial lines is arranged on the upper side surface of the radiation plate, a lower radiation arm group which is staggered 180 degrees with the upper radiation arm group and connected with the outer center of the coaxial lines is arranged on the lower side surface of the radiation plate, the upper radiation arm group comprises two upper radiation arms which are staggered by 90 degrees and are connected with each other at the inward end through a conductor patch, the lower radiation arm group comprises two lower radiation arms which are staggered by 90 degrees and are connected with each other at the inward end through the conductor patch, and the conductor patch is in a three-quarter ring shape; four vertical metal columns which are in rectangular distribution are further connected between the radiation plate and the reflecting plate, four radiation patches which are identical in structure and correspond to the four vertical metal columns in position one by one are arranged on the lower side face of the radiation plate, and the radiation patches are connected with the upper ends of the corresponding vertical metal columns.
Further, the radiation plate and the reflection plate are square, one of the upper radiation arms is connected with the inner core of the coaxial line at the inward end, the other of the lower radiation arms is connected with the outer core of the coaxial line at the inward end, and the upper radiation arms and the lower radiation arms are distributed on the central line of the radiation plate.
Further, four radiation patches correspondingly connected with the four vertical metal columns are distributed on the diagonal line of the radiation plate, the radiation patches are in an equilateral triangle shape, and one central line of the radiation patches coincides with the diagonal line of the radiation plate where the radiation patches are located.
Further, the comb-shaped structure formed by three parallel long-strip-shaped patches is arranged in the middle of the upper radiating arm and the lower radiating arm, the long-strip-shaped patches on two sides are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the middle long-strip-shaped patches, and the long-strip-shaped patches on two sides are provided with saw-tooth-shaped patches outwards.
Further, a transverse metal beam is connected between the middle parts of two adjacent vertical metal columns, an intermediate metal column is connected between the middle parts of the transverse metal beams and the reflecting plate, and a pair of intermediate transverse metal beams symmetrically distributed on two sides of the coaxial line are connected between the transverse metal beams on two opposite sides.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that: the working method of the satellite navigation terminal antenna of the BD B1 frequency band adopts a coaxial line feeding method, wherein the upper and lower layers of radiation arms with the phase difference of 180 degrees are assembled, the upper radiation arm of the upper layer is assembled with the inner center of the coaxial line, the lower radiation arm of the lower layer is assembled with the outer center of the coaxial line, the radiation arms generate currents with the same amplitude and the phase difference of 90 degrees, circular polarization radiation is realized, and the coupling effect is generated through the radiation patch and the radiation arms, so that the bandwidth of the antenna can be improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The antenna adopts a coaxial line feeding method, the upper layer and the lower layer of the radiation arm component with the phase difference of 180 degrees are connected with the inner center of the coaxial line, the lower layer is connected with the outer center of the coaxial line, the current with the same amplitude and the phase difference of 90 degrees is generated on the radiation arm of the antenna, the circularly polarized radiation is realized, the coupling effect is generated between the short-circuit patch and the radiation arm, the bandwidth of the antenna can be improved, and meanwhile, the directivity of the antenna is improved;
(2) The radiating arm is provided with a comb tooth structure and a sawtooth structure, through the structure, the current path on the radiating arm can be changed, and the positions of resonance points of the antenna are adjusted, so that the resonance points become dense, the purpose of expanding the impedance and the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna is achieved, and the impedance bandwidth and the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna are improved;
(3) The grid type metal frame between the radiation arm and the reflecting plate uniformly divides the middle area into the upper layer and the lower layer, so that the current in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is enhanced in the middle area of the antenna, the radiation generated by the vertical current improves the longitudinal radiation of the antenna, the low elevation gain of the antenna can be improved, the horizontal current can play a role in increasing the bandwidth, the antenna can be better applied to a satellite navigation system, in addition, the four vertical metal columns form a metal probe structure, the current distribution of the antenna is changed, the frequency point is shifted to the low frequency, and the miniaturization of the antenna is facilitated.
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and associated drawings for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a radiant panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a radiant panel according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the invention omitting a radiant panel;
fig. 5 is an embodiment of the invention of an antenna S 11 A parameter map;
FIG. 6 is an AR diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a pattern of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numerals in the figures illustrate: 100-radiating plate, 200-reflecting plate, 210-first upper radiating arm, 220-second upper radiating arm, 230-first lower radiating arm, 240-second lower radiating arm, 250-conductor patch, 260-radiating patch, 270-strip patch, 280-saw-tooth patch, 300-coaxial line, 400-vertical metal column, 500-lateral metal beam, 600-medial metal column, 700-medial lateral metal beam.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a satellite navigation terminal antenna in BD B1 frequency band includes a radiation plate 200 and a reflection plate 100 located below the radiation plate 200, wherein the central parts of both the radiation plate 200 and the reflection plate 100 are connected with a coaxial line 300, the upper side surface of the radiation plate 200 is provided with an upper radiation arm group connected with the inner center of the coaxial line, the lower side surface of the radiation plate 200 is provided with a lower radiation arm group which is staggered 180 ° with respect to the upper radiation arm group and connected with the outer center of the coaxial line, the upper radiation arm group and the lower radiation arm group have a phase difference of 180 °, the upper radiation arm group includes two upper radiation arms which are staggered 90 ° and have an inward end connected through a conductor patch, namely a first upper radiation arm 210 and a second upper radiation arm 220, the lower radiation arm group includes two lower radiation arms which are staggered 90 ° and have an inward end connected through a conductor patch, namely a first lower radiation arm 230 and a second lower radiation arm 240, and the conductor patch is in a three-quarter circular shape; the upper radiating arm group forms a cross dipole arm, the lower radiating arm group forms a cross dipole arm, the phase difference between the upper radiating arm group on the upper side surface of the radiating plate and the lower radiating arm group on the lower side surface is 180 degrees, and the conductor patch 250 is in a three-quarter circular shape; four vertical metal columns 400 which are in rectangular distribution are further connected between the radiation plate 200 and the reflection plate 100, four radiation patches 260 which are identical in structure and correspond to the four vertical metal columns in a one-to-one mode are arranged on the lower side face of the radiation plate 200, the radiation patches 260 are connected with the upper ends of the corresponding vertical metal columns, the antenna adopts a coaxial line feeding method, the upper radiation arm of the upper layer is connected with the inner center of a coaxial line in a sleeved mode, the lower radiation arm of the lower layer is connected with the outer center of the coaxial line in a sleeved mode, currents with the same amplitude and 90-degree phase difference are generated on the radiation arms of the antenna, circular polarization radiation is achieved, the coupling effect is generated between the radiation patches (also called short-circuit patches) and the radiation arms, the bandwidth of the antenna can be improved, and the antenna has very excellent directional performance through reasonably adjusting the distances between the reflection plate and the radiation patches of the antenna.
In this embodiment, the radiation plate 200 and the reflection plate 100 are both square, the projection of the diagonal line of the radiation plate 200 on the reflection plate 100 coincides with the diagonal line of the reflection plate, one of the upper radiation arms has an inward end connected to the inner core of the coaxial line, one of the lower radiation arms has an inward end connected to the outer core of the coaxial line, the upper radiation arm and the lower radiation arm are distributed on the central line of the radiation plate, that is, the first upper radiation arm 210 is connected to the inner core of the coaxial line, the inward end of the first lower radiation arm 230 is connected to the outer core of the coaxial line, the first upper radiation arm and the first lower radiation plate are staggered by 180 °, and the second upper radiation arm and the second lower radiation plate are also staggered by 180 °; the crossed dipole arms with the phase difference of 180 degrees are distributed in an upper layer and a lower layer and are respectively connected with the inner center and the outer center of the coaxial line, and the two monopoles are connected through a three-quarter ring, so that the current amplitude on the antenna radiating arms is the same, the phase difference is 90 degrees, the antenna can generate circularly polarized radiation, and the three-quarter ring structure also has the effect of improving the bandwidth of the antenna.
In this embodiment, four vertical metal columns 400 are distributed in a square shape, four vertical metal columns 400 are distributed on the diagonal of the reflecting plate 100, four radiation patches correspondingly connected with the four vertical metal columns are distributed on the diagonal of the radiation plate, the radiation patches 260 are in an equilateral triangle shape, and one central line of the radiation patches 260 coincides with the diagonal of the radiation plate where the central line is located; four equilateral triangle radiation patches which are completely identical and completely symmetrical are arranged around the radiation arm, the structure can enable the radiation patch and the radiation arm to generate a coupling effect, a new resonance frequency point is generated on the basis of a resonance point generated by the dipole arm, when the resonance point of the radiation patch is close to the resonance point of the radiation arm, the purpose of improving the bandwidth of the antenna can be achieved, and meanwhile, the short circuit patch has the effect of increasing the directionality of the antenna.
In this embodiment, the middle of the upper radiating arm (i.e., the first upper radiating arm 210 and the second upper radiating arm 220) and the lower radiating arm (i.e., the first lower radiating arm 230 and the second lower radiating arm 240) are provided with comb-shaped structures formed by three parallel elongated patches 270, the elongated patches on two sides are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the middle elongated patch, and the elongated patches on two sides are provided with saw-tooth shaped patches 280 on one outward side, and an included angle between the saw-tooth shaped patches 280 and the saw-tooth shaped patches 280 is 60 °; the radiating arm is provided with a comb structure and a sawtooth structure, gaps between two adjacent strip-shaped patches in the comb structure are the same, the sawtooth-shaped patches on the strip-shaped patches on two sides are completely symmetrical, and through the structure, the current path on the radiating arm can be changed, and the resonance point position of the antenna is regulated, so that the resonance point becomes dense, the purposes of expanding the impedance and the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna are achieved, and the impedance bandwidth and the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna are improved.
In this embodiment, a transverse metal beam 500 is connected between the middle parts of two adjacent vertical metal columns 400, a middle metal column 600 is connected between the middle part of the transverse metal beam 500 and the reflecting plate 100, wherein a pair of middle transverse metal beams 700 symmetrically distributed on two sides of the coaxial line are connected between the two opposite side transverse metal beams, the vertical metal columns 400, the transverse metal beams 500, the middle metal columns 600 and the middle transverse metal beams 700 form a grid-type metal frame, the metal frame uniformly divides the middle area into an upper layer and a lower layer, so that the current in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is enhanced in the middle area of the antenna, the radiation generated by the vertical current enhances the longitudinal radiation of the antenna, the low elevation gain of the antenna can be improved, the horizontal current can play a role of increasing the bandwidth, the antenna can be better applied to a satellite navigation system, and the four vertical metal columns form a metal probe structure, the current distribution of the antenna is changed, the frequency point is shifted towards the low frequency, and the antenna is miniaturized.
The working method of the satellite navigation terminal antenna of the BD B1 frequency band adopts a coaxial line feed method, wherein the upper and lower layers of radiation arms with the phase difference of 180 DEG are assembled, the upper radiation arm of the upper layer is assembled with the inner center of the coaxial line, the lower radiation arm of the lower layer is assembled with the outer center of the coaxial line, the radiation arms generate currents with the same amplitude and the phase difference of 90 DEG, circular polarization radiation is realized, and the coupling effect is generated through the radiation patch and the radiation arms, so that the bandwidth of the antenna can be improved; the radiating arm is provided with a comb tooth structure and a sawtooth structure, so that the current path on the radiating arm can be changed, and the positions of resonance points of the antenna are adjusted, thereby enabling the resonance points to be dense, achieving the purpose of expanding the impedance and the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna, and improving the impedance bandwidth and the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna; the grid type metal frame between the reflecting plate and the radiating plate uniformly divides the middle area into an upper layer and a lower layer, so that the current in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is enhanced in the middle area of the antenna, the longitudinal radiation of the antenna is enhanced by the radiation generated by the vertical current, the low elevation gain of the antenna can be enhanced, and the horizontal current can play a role in increasing the bandwidth.
Any of the above-described embodiments of the present invention disclosed herein, unless otherwise stated, if they disclose a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is the preferred numerical range, as will be appreciated by those of skill in the art: the preferred numerical ranges are merely those of the many possible numerical values where technical effects are more pronounced or representative. Since the numerical values are more and cannot be exhausted, only a part of the numerical values are disclosed to illustrate the technical scheme of the invention, and the numerical values listed above should not limit the protection scope of the invention.
If the invention discloses or relates to components or structures fixedly connected with each other, then unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection is understood as: detachably fixed connection (e.g. using bolts or screws) can also be understood as: the non-detachable fixed connection (e.g. riveting, welding), of course, the mutual fixed connection may also be replaced by an integral structure (e.g. integrally formed using a casting process) (except for obviously being unable to use an integral forming process).
In addition, terms used in any of the above-described aspects of the present disclosure to express positional relationship or shape have meanings including a state or shape similar to, similar to or approaching thereto unless otherwise stated.
Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components, or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof; without departing from the spirit of the invention, it is intended to cover the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (4)
1. The satellite navigation terminal antenna of BD B1 frequency channel is characterized in that: the coaxial radiating device comprises a radiating plate and a reflecting plate positioned below the radiating plate, wherein coaxial lines are connected to the central parts of the radiating plate and the reflecting plate, an upper radiating arm group connected with the inner centers of the coaxial lines is arranged on the upper side surface of the radiating plate, a lower radiating arm group which is staggered by 180 degrees with the upper radiating arm group and connected with the outer centers of the coaxial lines is arranged on the lower side surface of the radiating plate, the upper radiating arm group comprises two upper radiating arms which are staggered by 90 degrees and are connected with one another at the inward end through conductor patches, the lower radiating arm group comprises two lower radiating arms which are staggered by 90 degrees and are connected with one another at the inward end through the conductor patches, and the conductor patches are in a three-quarter ring shape; four vertical metal columns which are in rectangular distribution are further connected between the radiation plate and the reflecting plate, four radiation patches which have the same structure and correspond to the four vertical metal columns in a one-to-one mode are arranged on the lower side face of the radiation plate, and the radiation patches are connected with the upper ends of the corresponding vertical metal columns; the middle of the upper radiating arm and the lower radiating arm are respectively provided with a comb-shaped structure formed by three parallel strip-shaped patches, the strip-shaped patches on two sides are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the middle strip-shaped patch, and the strip-shaped patches on two sides are provided with saw-tooth-shaped patches outwards; and a transverse metal beam is connected between the middle parts of the two adjacent vertical metal columns, an intermediate metal column is connected between the middle parts of the transverse metal beams and the reflecting plate, and a pair of intermediate transverse metal beams symmetrically distributed on two sides of the coaxial line are connected between the transverse metal beams on two opposite sides.
2. The BD B1 band satellite navigation terminal antenna according to claim 1, wherein: the radiating plate and the reflecting plate are square, one of the upper radiating arms is connected with the inner center of the coaxial line at the inward end, the other of the lower radiating arms is connected with the outer center of the coaxial line at the inward end, and the upper radiating arms and the lower radiating arms are distributed on the central line of the radiating plate.
3. The BD B1 band satellite navigation terminal antenna according to claim 2, wherein: four radiation patches correspondingly connected with the four vertical metal columns are distributed on the diagonal of the radiation plate, the radiation patches are in an equilateral triangle shape, and one central line of the radiation patches coincides with the diagonal of the radiation plate where the central line of the radiation patches is located.
4. A method for operating a BD B1 band satellite navigation terminal antenna according to claim 1, wherein: by adopting the coaxial line feeding method, the upper and lower layers of the radiation arm components with the phase difference of 180 degrees are adopted, the upper radiation arm of the upper layer is assembled with the inner center of the coaxial line, the lower radiation arm of the lower layer is assembled with the outer center of the coaxial line, the radiation arms generate currents with the same amplitude and the phase difference of 90 degrees, circular polarization radiation is realized, and the coupling effect is generated through the radiation patch and the radiation arm, so that the bandwidth of the antenna can be improved.
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| CN202010027784.2A CN111029758B (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | BD B1 frequency band satellite navigation terminal antenna and working method thereof |
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| CN202010027784.2A CN111029758B (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2020-01-10 | BD B1 frequency band satellite navigation terminal antenna and working method thereof |
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| CN111029758B true CN111029758B (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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| CN112510353B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-10-29 | 深圳市海之景科技有限公司 | 5G antenna for communication terminal |
| CN112635976B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2023-06-30 | 中北大学 | Zigzag dipole 5G base station antenna unit |
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