CN111024217A - Ship underwater self-noise monitoring method - Google Patents
Ship underwater self-noise monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111024217A CN111024217A CN201911377151.8A CN201911377151A CN111024217A CN 111024217 A CN111024217 A CN 111024217A CN 201911377151 A CN201911377151 A CN 201911377151A CN 111024217 A CN111024217 A CN 111024217A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/182—Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ship underwater self-noise monitoring method, which comprises the following steps: measuring an underwater self-noise signal and the vibration acceleration of a ship body; converting the underwater self-noise signal into an underwater self-noise sound pressure level under an 1/3 octave frequency band sound pressure level, and performing data correction processing on the underwater self-noise sound pressure level by combining with the vibration acceleration of the ship body; and displaying the corrected result. By monitoring the underwater self-noise of the ship, a sailing state of the ship can be timely mastered by a crew, and unqualified sailing operation caused by the fact that the underwater self-noise exceeds the standard in special sailing operation is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sound source detection, in particular to a ship underwater self-noise monitoring method.
Background
The marine diesel engine, the propeller, the auxiliary pump and other systems are always main vibration noise sources of the ship, when the ship sails, a plurality of devices need to be used, the ship can generate large underwater self-noise, and for the ships with scientific research requirements, the accuracy of data measured by scientific research devices is directly influenced by the size of the underwater self-noise. In the past design, specific ship underwater self-noise and vibration conditions can be known only after various navigation working conditions of a ship are tested during a ship navigation test, the underwater self-noise and vibration are only sensed in sense, and the specific data are not visually displayed, so that the scientific investigation data are inaccurate and the ship repeatedly navigates due to the influence of the underwater vibration and the underwater self-noise during special scientific investigation voyage tasks.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a ship underwater self-noise monitoring method, which can enable a shipman to timely master the navigation state of a ship by monitoring the ship underwater self-noise and avoid unqualified navigation operation caused by the fact that the underwater self-noise exceeds the standard during special navigation operation.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a ship underwater self-noise monitoring method comprises the following steps:
measuring an underwater self-noise signal and the vibration acceleration of a ship body;
converting the underwater self-noise signal into an underwater self-noise sound pressure level under an 1/3 octave frequency band sound pressure level, and performing data correction processing on the underwater self-noise sound pressure level by combining with the vibration acceleration of the ship body;
and displaying the corrected result.
Further, the data modification process includes background noise modification, and the background noise modification includes the steps of:
s1: calculating the average value L of the background noisen：
In the formula: l isn,sFor the background noise band sound pressure level, L, at the 1/3 octave band sound pressure level measured before the start of the shipn,eThe background noise frequency band sound pressure level under the 1/3 octave frequency band sound pressure level measured after the ship is shut down;
s2: calculating the vibration noise L of the ship bodya：La＝20lg(a/a0) (2)
Wherein a is the vibration acceleration of the ship body, a0Is a baseQuasi-acceleration, a0＝1×10-6m/s2；
S3: and (3) judging: if L isa/LnIf the value is greater than the first preset value, the step S4 is executed; otherwise, replacing the test environment, and returning to the step of measuring the underwater self-noise signal and the ship body vibration acceleration;
s4: calculating the difference value delta: Δ ═ Lpn-Ln(3)
In the formula: l ispnIs the underwater self-noise sound pressure level;
s5: and (3) judging: if delta is larger than or equal to a second preset value, the underwater self-noise sound pressure level L 'after background noise correction'pn＝Lpn；
If the third preset value is less than delta and less than the second preset value, calculating the underwater self-noise sound pressure level L 'corrected by the background noise according to the following formula'pn：
And if the delta is less than or equal to a third preset value, returning to the step of measuring the underwater self-noise signal and the ship body vibration acceleration.
Further, the data correction further includes a propagation loss correction process, and the propagation loss correction process includes the steps of:
calculating the underwater self-noise sound pressure level L' corrected by the propagation losspn：
Wherein r is the distance between the scientific investigation equipment and the ship body.
Further, the first preset value is 50%.
Further, the second preset value takes 10dB, and the third preset value takes 3 dB.
Furthermore, a hydrophone is adopted to measure the underwater self-noise signal, the hydrophone is installed in a cavity of an energy converter of the ship body, and the surface of the ship body is sealed through an acoustic transmission plate.
Further, the sound-transmitting plate is flush with the surface of the ship body.
And further, measuring the vibration acceleration of the ship body by adopting an acceleration sensor, wherein the distance between the acceleration sensor and the hydrophone is not more than a fourth preset value.
Further, the fourth preset value is 0.5 m.
Further, the acceleration sensor is welded or screwed to the hull.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
by monitoring the underwater self-noise of the ship, a sailing state of the ship can be timely mastered by a crew, and unqualified sailing operation caused by the fact that the underwater self-noise exceeds the standard in special sailing operation is avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a ship underwater self-noise monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a ship underwater self-noise monitoring method, including the following steps:
a1: measuring an underwater self-noise signal and the vibration acceleration of a ship body;
specifically, the area where the equipment that can produce the noise or can be influenced by the noise with boats and ships self is divided, forms a plurality of noise areas, and every noise area provides a set of sensor combination, and the sensor combination includes hydrophone and acceleration sensor, adopts hydrophone measurement noise area's self-noise signal under water, and the hydrophone is installed in the transducer cavity of hull, and the hull surface is sealed through the sound-transmitting plate, and the sound-transmitting plate flushes with the hull surface. The acceleration sensor is used for measuring the vibration acceleration of the ship body in the same noise area, the acceleration sensor is welded or screwed on the ship body, the distance between the acceleration sensor and the hydrophone is not larger than a fourth preset value, and in the embodiment, the fourth preset value is 0.5 m.
A2: converting the underwater self-noise signal into an underwater self-noise sound pressure level under an 1/3 octave frequency band sound pressure level, and performing data correction processing on the underwater self-noise sound pressure level by combining with the vibration acceleration of the ship body;
specifically, the data correction process includes background noise correction, which includes the steps of:
a21: calculating the average value L of the background noisen：
In the formula: l isn,sIs the background noise band sound pressure level, L, at the 1/3 octave band sound pressure level measured by the hydrophone prior to startup of the vesseln,eThe sound pressure level of the background noise frequency band at the sound pressure level of the 1/3 octave frequency band measured by the hydrophone after the ship is shut down;
a22: calculating the vibration noise L of the ship bodya：La＝20lg(a/a0) (2)
Wherein a is the vibration acceleration of the ship body, a0As a reference acceleration, a0＝1×10-6m/s2；
A23: and (3) judging: if L isa/LnIf the value is greater than the first preset value, the step a24 is performed, and the value of the first preset value is 50% in the embodiment; otherwise, replacing the test environment, and returning to the step of measuring the underwater self-noise signal and the vibration acceleration of the ship body, namely step A1; wherein, the test environment replacement comprises driving away from the current test water area, changing to another test water area, or waiting for the background noise of the current test water area to improve.
A24: calculating the difference value delta: Δ ═ Lpn-Ln(3)
In the formula: l ispnIs the underwater self-noise sound pressure level;
a25: and (3) judging: if delta is larger than or equal to a second preset value, the underwater self-noise sound pressure level L 'after background noise correction'pn＝LpnStep a26 is entered, where the second preset value in this embodiment takes a value of 10 dB;
if the third preset value is less than the second preset value, the implementation is carried outIn the example, the third preset value is 3dB, the underwater self-noise sound pressure level L 'corrected by the background noise is calculated according to the following formula'pn：
And proceeds to step a 26;
and if the delta is less than or equal to the third preset value, returning to the step of measuring the underwater self-noise signal and the vibration acceleration of the ship body, namely the step A1.
A26: the data correction further includes a propagation loss correction process, the propagation loss correction process including the steps of:
calculating the underwater self-noise sound pressure level L' corrected by the propagation losspn：
Wherein r is the distance between the scientific investigation equipment and the ship body, when r is 0, the scientific investigation equipment is on the ship, otherwise, the scientific investigation equipment is outside the ship, and the scientific investigation equipment is at least one of the most advanced sets of underwater acoustic detection equipment such as a shallow stratum profiler, a deep water multi-wave beam, a shallow water multi-wave beam, a single beam, an ultra-short baseline and the like.
A3: and displaying the corrected result.
By monitoring the underwater self-noise of the ship, a sailing state of the ship can be timely mastered by a crew, and unqualified sailing operation caused by the fact that the underwater self-noise exceeds the standard in special sailing operation is avoided.
The invention has high automation degree, can carry out multi-point detection, can preset an alarm value when sailing, can display and alarm when the underwater self-noise monitored by one or a plurality of sensor combinations exceeds the standard, reminds ship operators to adjust the ship speed and reduces the noise generation.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention. Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (10)
1. A ship underwater self-noise monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
measuring an underwater self-noise signal and the vibration acceleration of a ship body;
converting the underwater self-noise signal into an underwater self-noise sound pressure level under an 1/3 octave frequency band sound pressure level, and performing data correction processing on the underwater self-noise sound pressure level by combining with the vibration acceleration of the ship body;
and displaying the corrected result.
2. The monitoring method of claim 1, wherein the data modification process includes background noise modification, the background noise modification including the steps of:
s1: calculating the average value L of the background noisen：
In the formula: l isn,sFor the background noise band sound pressure level, L, at the 1/3 octave band sound pressure level measured before the start of the shipn,eThe background noise frequency band sound pressure level under the 1/3 octave frequency band sound pressure level measured after the ship is shut down;
s2: calculating the vibration noise L of the ship bodya：La＝20lg(a/a0) (2)
Wherein a is the vibration acceleration of the ship body, a0As a reference acceleration, a0＝1×10-6m/s2；
S3: and (3) judging: if L isa/LnIf the value is greater than the first preset value, the step S4 is executed; otherwise, replacing the test environment, and returning to the step of measuring the underwater self-noise signal and the ship body vibration acceleration;
s4: calculating the difference value delta: Δ ═ Lpn-Ln(3)
In the formula: l ispnIs the underwater self-noise sound pressure level;
s5: and (3) judging: if delta is larger than or equal to a second preset value, the underwater self-noise sound pressure level L 'after background noise correction'pn＝Lpn；
If the third preset value is less than delta and less than the second preset value, calculating the underwater self-noise sound pressure level L 'corrected by the background noise according to the following formula'pn：
And if the delta is less than or equal to a third preset value, returning to the step of measuring the underwater self-noise signal and the ship body vibration acceleration.
3. The monitoring method of claim 2, wherein the data correction further comprises a propagation loss correction process, the propagation loss correction process comprising the steps of:
calculating the underwater self-noise sound pressure level L' corrected by the propagation losspn：
Wherein r is the distance between the scientific investigation equipment and the ship body.
4. The monitoring method of claim 2, wherein: the first preset value is 50%.
5. The monitoring method of claim 2, wherein: the second preset value takes 10dB, and the third preset value takes 3 dB.
6. The monitoring method of claim 1, wherein: a hydrophone is adopted to measure an underwater self-noise signal, the hydrophone is installed in a transducer cavity of a ship body, and the surface of the ship body is sealed through an acoustic transmission plate.
7. The monitoring method of claim 6, wherein: the sound-transmitting plate is flush with the surface of the ship body.
8. The monitoring method of claim 6, wherein: and measuring the vibration acceleration of the ship body by adopting an acceleration sensor, wherein the distance between the acceleration sensor and the hydrophone is not more than a fourth preset value.
9. The monitoring method of claim 8, wherein: the fourth preset value is 0.5 m.
10. The monitoring method of claim 8, wherein: the acceleration sensor is welded or screwed on the ship body.
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