CN111023112B - System and method for adaptively adding dioxin inhibitor - Google Patents
System and method for adaptively adding dioxin inhibitor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111023112B CN111023112B CN201911009826.3A CN201911009826A CN111023112B CN 111023112 B CN111023112 B CN 111023112B CN 201911009826 A CN201911009826 A CN 201911009826A CN 111023112 B CN111023112 B CN 111023112B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
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- F23J2215/301—Dioxins; Furans
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for self-adaptive feeding of a dioxin inhibitor. Said system comprising an SO2And HCL detection SystemThe system comprises a controller, a variable frequency feeder, a storage tank for storing a dioxin inhibitor, a feeding fan and an opening and closing valve. The method comprises the following steps: (1) monitoring SO in flue gas in 300-400 ℃ temperature section of waste heat boiler2Actually measuring the hour concentration mean value and the HCl actually measured hour concentration mean value, and calculating the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio; (2) obtaining the hour adding amount of the dioxin inhibitor through the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio and the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio range, so that the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio is in the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio range; (3) and adding the dioxin inhibitor at the temperature of 400-500 ℃ in a waste heat boiler according to the hourly adding amount of the dioxin inhibitor. The invention has small floor area and simple operation, can adjust the dosage of the inhibitor according to the flue gas monitoring result, and has strong pertinence and good inhibition effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste incineration, and particularly relates to a method and a system for adding a dioxin inhibitor in a waste incineration process.
Background
In recent years, the harmless treatment capacity of domestic garbage in China keeps a rapid increase speed, the incineration capacity of domestic garbage in China reaches 29.8 million tons/day in 2017, and the incineration capacity of domestic garbage in China is estimated to reach 59 million tons/day in 2020 according to the current trend. Inevitably, the problem of pollution control of dioxins which are strong in carcinogenicity is the focus of current research. Of the 210 dioxin homologs, 17 compounds, in which at least four positions of 2,3,7,8 are simultaneously substituted with chlorine atoms, have biotoxicity, and among them, 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) is the most toxic. The emission limit value of dioxin in flue gas discharged by domestic garbage incinerators in China is required to be 0.1ng-TEQ/Nm (GB18485-2014) in the emission standard of domestic garbage incinerating pollutants revised in 20143. At present, although emission values of dioxin of most of 388 running garbage incineration plants in the whole country can reach the standard, the phenomenon that the dioxin supervision monitoring results of some periods of the plants exceed the standard still exists, and because the dioxin is not monitored online temporarily, the situation that the dioxin of the garbage incineration plants continuously and stably reaches the standard is still the key point of work.
The dioxin control process adopted by the existing garbage incineration plants mainly comprises the steps of maintaining the temperature of flue gas of an incineration hearth at 850 ℃ for more than 2 seconds, absorbing with activated carbon and dedusting with a cloth bag, so that the dioxin control effect is obvious. However, the method mainly transfers the dioxin from the gas phase to the solid-phase fly ash, the dioxin is not removed fundamentally, and even the method is adopted, the dioxin of all incineration plants is difficult to be ensured to reach the standard. The secondary generation of dioxin is controlled from the source by adopting a chemical dioxin inhibitor, and the secondary generation of dioxin is preliminarily applied to actual production, shows a good dioxin inhibiting effect and has a wide application prospect.
The dioxin inhibitor mainly comprises sulfur-containing compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds, alkaline compounds and metal chelating substances. In the dioxin inhibitors, the effect of the sulfur-containing substances and the sulfur and nitrogen in cooperation with the dioxin inhibitor is better, the cost is reasonable, and the influence factors of the inhibition effect mainly comprise the sulfur-chlorine molar ratio, the reaction temperature, the injection position of the dioxin inhibitor, the mixing degree of the dioxin inhibitor and flue gas and the like, wherein the sulfur-chlorine molar ratio is difficult to control. At present, the research of a tubular furnace is mostly carried out at home and abroad, and the results show that the generation of dioxin is promoted when the S/Cl is low, the generation of dioxin can be inhibited when the S/Cl is high, an S/Cl critical value C0 exists, and an optimal S/Cl value C1 has the optimal inhibition effect. However, the duration of waste incineration is long, the generation process of dioxin is complicated, and the ideal effect of inhibiting the generation of dioxin cannot be achieved by controlling the fixed S/Cl ratio.
Chinese patent CN 105080325 a discloses a method for inhibiting generation of dioxin-like substances in solid waste incineration flue gas, wherein in a temperature section of cooling the incineration flue gas to 500 to 450 ℃, the flue gas is introduced into an inhibition reactor, so that copper chloride in flue gas particles and a dioxin inhibitor are mixed and reacted to be converted into copper metaphosphate, and the activity of catalyzing the copper metaphosphate to generate dioxin-like substances is lost. However, the method only temporarily removes the copper chloride in the flue gas particles at the temperature of 450 ℃, and the possibility of generating the copper chloride still exists in the subsequent links of the inhibition reactor.
Chinese patent CN 105602648A discloses a dioxin inhibitor suitable for waste incineration treatment and a preparation method thereof, wherein the dioxin inhibitor comprises the following components: carbide slag, urea, sludge, desulfurized gypsum, titanium dioxide, potassium permanganate and an activating agent are uniformly mixed with garbage and then are put into a furnace for combustion. However, the dioxin inhibitor component is excessively complicated and increases the discharge amount of incineration fly ash and slag.
China CN 103435249A discloses a sludge drying gas generation system for inhibiting dioxin discharge in flue gas and a control method thereof, wherein the sludge drying gas generation system comprises a wet sludge drying area and a dry sludge drying area from top to bottom; the control method comprises the steps of putting wet sludge from a wet sludge feeding port, and introducing high-temperature flue gas at the temperature of 500-600 ℃ into a flue gas inlet. However, the method needs a large amount of sludge, needs a sludge storage, transportation and drying system and occupies a large area.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement requirements in the prior art, the invention provides a dioxin inhibitor self-adaptive feeding system and a dioxin inhibitor self-adaptive feeding method, and aims to control the sulfur-chlorine molar ratio of a specific area in a combustion furnace to be within a specific target range according to different stages of combustion by additionally arranging the self-adaptive feeding system on the existing garbage incineration road, so that the sulfur-chlorine synergistic dioxin inhibition effect is improved, and the technical problem of poor inhibition effect caused by the fact that the sulfur-chlorine molar ratio in the combustion furnace cannot be reasonably controlled according to different stages of combustion in the prior art is solved.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dioxin inhibitor adaptive feed system characterized by including SO2The system comprises an HCl detection system, a controller, a variable frequency feeder, a storage tank for storing a dioxin inhibitor, a feeding fan and an opening and closing valve;
the SO2The detection system and the HCl detection system are in signal connection with the controller and are respectively used for detecting SO in the flue gas in the waste heat boiler of the waste incineration system2And HCl concentration; the controller is connected with the variable-frequency feeder through signals; the controller is used for controlling the emission of the SO in the flue gas2Obtaining SO from HCl concentration2Measured hourly concentration mean X1Measured hour concentration mean value X of HCl2Calculating the current actually-measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta, determining the feeding amount of the variable frequency feeder, namely the hourly feeding amount Y of the dioxin inhibitor according to the principle that the lower limit of the range of the current actually-measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is lower than the current target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta' is more, the feeding amount is larger, and acquiring a control signal of the variable frequency feeder;
the variable-frequency feeder is arranged at an outlet at the lower end of the storage tank and used for driving a dioxin inhibitor in the storage tank to be released into a blower pipeline according to a control signal of the variable-frequency feeder;
the air feeder is connected with the storage tank and the waste heat boiler in series through a pipeline and used for blowing the dioxin inhibitor released by the storage tank to the waste heat boiler.
Preferably, the dioxin suppression isAgent adaptive feeding system, the SO thereof2The detection system and the HCl detection system are respectively used for detecting SO in flue gas in a 300-400 ℃ temperature section pipeline of a waste heat boiler of the waste incineration system2And HCl concentration.
Preferably, the dioxin inhibitor adaptive feed system, the SO thereof2The detection system is SO2The HCl detection system is an HCl gas on-line analyzer or a fixed detector.
Preferably, the controller of the adaptive feeding system for dioxin inhibitor calculates the currently measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio η by the following method:
η＝36.5X1/64X2。
preferably, the controller of the system calculates the hourly dosage of the dioxin inhibitor according to the following method:
when the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is smaller than the lower limit of the range of the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta', the hour adding amount Y of the dioxin inhibitor is as follows:
wherein Y is the hour addition amount (g) of the dioxin inhibitor, M is the molecular weight of the dioxin inhibitor,
as a smoke volume conversion coefficient, Q is a chimney smoke volume (Nm)3/s)，X2The method is the actual measurement hour concentration mean value (mg/Nm) of HCl in flue gas in a pipeline at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ of a waste heat boiler3)，X1Is SO in flue gas in a 300-400 ℃ temperature section pipeline of a waste heat boiler2Actual measured hourly concentration mean (mg/Nm)3) μ is the dioxin inhibitor purity (%), η 'is the current target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio η', and preferably, the average value of the upper and lower limits of the current target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio range can be taken.
Otherwise, the feeding of the dioxin inhibitor is stopped when the hour feeding amount Y is 0.
According to another aspect of the invention, a method for frequency conversion adding of a dioxin inhibitor is provided, which comprises the following steps:
(1) monitoring SO in flue gas in 300-400 ℃ temperature section of waste heat boiler2Actually measuring the hour concentration mean value and the HCl actually measured hour concentration mean value, and calculating the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta;
(2) acquiring the hour adding amount of the dioxin inhibitor through the range of the actual sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta and the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta 'acquired in the step (1), so that the actual sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is in the range of the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta';
(3) and (3) according to the hour adding amount of the dioxin inhibitor obtained in the step (2), adding the dioxin inhibitor in a temperature section of 400-500 ℃ of a waste heat boiler.
Preferably, in the variable-frequency dioxin inhibitor adding method, the sulfur-chlorine molar ratio of the waste heat boiler in the step (1) is the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta of flue gas in a pipeline at the temperature range of 300-400 ℃ of the waste heat boiler.
Preferably, the dioxin inhibitor variable-frequency adding method comprises the following steps of (2): when the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is smaller than the lower limit of the range of the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta', the hour adding amount Y of the dioxin inhibitor is as follows:
wherein Y is the hour addition amount (g) of the dioxin inhibitor, M is the molecular weight of the dioxin inhibitor,
as a smoke volume conversion coefficient, Q is a chimney smoke volume (Nm)3/s)，X2The method is the actual measurement hour concentration mean value (mg/Nm) of HCl in flue gas in a pipeline at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ of a waste heat boiler3)，X1Is SO in flue gas in a 300-400 ℃ temperature section pipeline of a waste heat boiler2Actual measured hourly concentration mean (mg/Nm)3) Mu is the purity (%) of the dioxin inhibitor,eta' is the current target sulfur-to-chlorine molar ratio, and preferably can be taken as the mean of the upper and lower limits of the current target sulfur-to-chlorine molar ratio range.
Otherwise, the feeding of the dioxin inhibitor is stopped when the hour feeding amount Y is 0.
Preferably, in the method for frequency conversion dosing of the dioxin inhibitor, the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio η' range in the step (2) is obtained according to the following method:
the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta' range takes 10 days as a cycle period, and the adding amount from the 1 st day to the 10 th day in each cycle is such that the sulfur-chlorine molar ratio range of the waste heat boiler flue gas is 0.5-1, 1-2, 4-5, 0.8-1, 0.5-0.8, 0.3-0.5 and 0.3-0.5.
Preferably, in the method for frequency conversion adding of the dioxin inhibitor, the dioxin inhibitor can be decomposed into SO at 300-500 DEG C2The sulfur-containing ammonia inorganic dioxin inhibitor can be any one or combination of sulfamic acid, sulfamide, ammonium sulfate, ammonium thiosulfate and thiourea.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
the dioxin inhibitor self-adaptive feeding system provided by the invention has the advantages of small floor area, simplicity in operation, capability of adjusting the dosage of the inhibitor according to a flue gas monitoring result, strong pertinence and good inhibition effect; moreover, the dioxin inhibitor self-adaptive feeding system provided by the invention can be additionally arranged on the existing garbage incinerator, and the modification cost is low.
The self-adaptive feeding method of the dioxin inhibitor provided by the invention follows the hysteresis law of sulfur-containing substances for inhibiting dioxin, the temperature section of 300-400 ℃ is selected for detection, the dioxin inhibitor is put in the temperature section of 400-500 ℃, the inhibition effect is stable, the dioxin generation amount of the waste heat boiler is reduced from the source, and the source reduction is really realized.
According to the preferable scheme, the feeding of the dioxin inhibitor is periodically controlled according to the characteristic that the sulfur-chlorine ratio gradually increases and then decreases, certain hysteresis and persistence of the inhibitor on the inhibition effect of the dioxin secondary generation in the waste heat boiler are fully considered, and the feeding amount of the inhibitor can be saved while the better inhibition effect of the inhibitor is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system for intelligent dosing of dioxin inhibitors;
the reference numerals in the figures illustrate: a1 intelligent dioxin inhibitor feeding system storage tank; a2 Dioxin depressor intelligence feed system frequency conversion batcher; a3 intelligent dioxin inhibitor feeding fan of a feeding system; a4 intelligent dioxin inhibitor feeding system opens and closes a valve; b1 SO2And an HCl detection system; b2 intelligent dioxin inhibitor feeding system core component-controller.
FIG. 2 is a sulfur-chlorine ratio range of a control waste heat boiler in one cycle period.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The invention provides a dioxin inhibitor self-adaptive feeding system which comprises SO2The system comprises an HCl detection system, a controller, a variable frequency feeder, a storage tank for storing a dioxin inhibitor, a feeding fan and an opening and closing valve;
the SO2The detection system and the HCl detection system are in signal connection with the controller and are respectively used for detecting SO in the flue gas in the waste heat boiler of the waste incineration system2And HCl concentration; preferably used for detecting SO in flue gas in a 300-400 ℃ temperature section pipeline of a waste heat boiler of the waste incineration system2And HCl concentration; the SO2The detection system is SO2The HCl detection system is an HCl gas on-line analyzer or a fixed detector.
The controller and the variable frequency feeder signalConnecting; the controller is used for controlling the emission of the SO in the flue gas2Obtaining SO from HCl concentration2Measured hourly concentration mean X1Measured hour concentration mean value X of HCl2And calculating the current actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta, determining the feeding amount of the variable frequency feeder, namely the hourly feeding amount Y of the dioxin inhibitor according to the principle that the lower limit of the range of the current actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is lower than the current target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta' is more, the feeding amount is larger, and acquiring a control signal of the variable frequency feeder. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the currently measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio η is calculated according to the following method:
η＝36.5X1/64X2
the hourly dosage of the dioxin inhibitor is calculated according to the following method:
when the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is smaller than the lower limit of the range of the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta', the hour adding amount Y of the dioxin inhibitor is as follows:
wherein Y is the hour addition amount (g) of the dioxin inhibitor, M is the molecular weight of the dioxin inhibitor,
as a smoke volume conversion coefficient, Q is a chimney smoke volume (Nm)3/s)，X2The method is the actual measurement hour concentration mean value (mg/Nm) of HCl in flue gas in a pipeline at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ of a waste heat boiler3)，X1Is SO in flue gas in a 300-400 ℃ temperature section pipeline of a waste heat boiler2Actual measured hourly concentration mean (mg/Nm)3) μ is the dioxin inhibitor purity (%), η 'is the current target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio η', and preferably, the average value of the upper and lower limits of the current target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio range can be taken.
Otherwise, the feeding of the dioxin inhibitor is stopped when the hour feeding amount Y is 0.
The variable-frequency feeder is arranged at an outlet at the lower end of the storage tank and used for driving a dioxin inhibitor in the storage tank to be released into a blower pipeline according to a control signal of the variable-frequency feeder;
the air feeder is connected with the storage tank and the waste heat boiler in series through a pipeline and used for blowing the dioxin inhibitor released by the storage tank to the waste heat boiler; preferably, the system is used for blowing the dioxin inhibitor released by the storage tank to a pipeline of the waste heat boiler at the temperature of 400-500 ℃, namely between a secondary superheater and a tertiary superheater.
In a preferable scheme, the pipeline is a corrosion-resistant, high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant pipeline, and is preferably a polytetrafluoroethylene pipeline; and valves are arranged at the connecting sections of the rest of the hot boilers of the pipeline and are used for controlling the on-off of the pipeline. The discharge tank is provided with a material level meter and used for indicating the storage amount of the dioxin inhibitor in the storage tank.
The dioxin inhibitor feeding system provided by the invention is suitable for most of the existing waste incineration boilers, is convenient to install, occupies a small area, and is low in modification cost.
The invention provides a variable-frequency adding method of a dioxin inhibitor, which comprises the following steps:
(1) monitoring SO in flue gas in 300-400 ℃ temperature section of waste heat boiler2Actually measuring the hour concentration mean value and the HCl actually measured hour concentration mean value, and calculating the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta; the sulfur-chlorine molar ratio of the waste heat boiler is the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta of flue gas in a pipeline at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ of the waste heat boiler.
(2) Acquiring the hour adding amount of the dioxin inhibitor through the range of the actual sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta and the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta 'acquired in the step (1), so that the actual sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is in the range of the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta'; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: when the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is smaller than the lower limit of the range of the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta', the hour adding amount Y of the dioxin inhibitor is as follows:
wherein Y is the hour addition amount (g) of the dioxin inhibitor, M is the molecular weight of the dioxin inhibitor,
as a smoke volume conversion coefficient, Q is a chimney smoke volume (Nm)3/s)，X2The method is the actual measurement hour concentration mean value (mg/Nm) of HCl in flue gas in a pipeline at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ of a waste heat boiler3)，X1Is SO in flue gas in a 300-400 ℃ temperature section pipeline of a waste heat boiler2Actual measured hourly concentration mean (mg/Nm)3) μ is the dioxin inhibitor purity (%), and η' is the current target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio, preferably the average of the upper and lower limits of the current target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio range.
Otherwise, the feeding of the dioxin inhibitor is stopped when the hour feeding amount Y is 0.
The target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta' range is obtained according to the following method:
the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta' range takes 10 days as a cycle period, and the adding amount from the 1 st day to the 10 th day in each cycle is such that the sulfur-chlorine molar ratio range of the waste heat boiler flue gas is 0.5-1, 1-2, 4-5, 0.8-1, 0.5-0.8, 0.3-0.5 and 0.3-0.5.
The dioxin inhibitor can decompose SO at 300-500 DEG C2The sulfur-containing ammonia inorganic dioxin inhibitor can be any one or combination of sulfamic acid, sulfamide, ammonium sulfate, ammonium thiosulfate and thiourea.
(3) And (3) according to the hour adding amount of the dioxin inhibitor obtained in the step (2), adding the dioxin inhibitor in a temperature section of 400-500 ℃ of a waste heat boiler.
The following are examples:
an intelligent dioxin inhibitor feeding system is shown in figure 1 and is composed of B1 SO2And the system comprises an HCl detection system, a B2 controller, an A1 dioxin inhibitor feeding system storage tank, an A2 dioxin inhibitor feeding system variable-frequency feeding machine, an A3 dioxin inhibitor feeding system feeding fan, an A4 dioxin inhibitor feeding system on-off valve and a pipeline.
B1 is used for detecting the SO at the 300-400 ℃ temperature section of the exhaust-heat boiler2And HCl concentration, data can be transmitted toB2 controller and calculating SO2The measured hour concentration mean value and the HCl measured hour concentration mean value, and the B2 controller is connected with the variable-frequency feeder A2. Be equipped with frequency conversion batcher A2 in storage tank A1 below, frequency conversion batcher A2's entry is connected with storage tank A1, and frequency conversion batcher A2's export is connected with the conveying pipeline, and pay-off fan A3 is direct roots blower, is linked together through tuber pipe and conveying pipeline, is provided with before the exit end of conveying pipeline and opens and close valve A4. And the opening and closing valve A4 is used for closing the material conveying pipeline when the system is maintained or stopped.
The specific working principle of the controller is as follows:
firstly, inputting parameters such as a logical relation among a formula 1, a formula 2, a table 1, eta and eta' and the like into a controller system;
a second part, the controller receives X1And X2A signal;
third, the controller is based on formula 1 and X1、X2Calculating an actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta by using the signal;
fourthly, the controller judges whether a dioxin inhibitor needs to be added or not according to the logic relation among the table 1, eta and eta';
fifthly, if the controller outputs an adding signal, calculating the theoretical feeding amount in a certain hour according to a formula 2, a table 1 and specific information of a dioxin inhibitor;
and sixthly, transmitting a theoretical feeding amount signal of the dioxin inhibitor in a certain hour to a disc feeder by the controller, and feeding by the disc feeder.
A method for frequency conversion adding of a dioxin inhibitor, which applies the system for frequency conversion adding of the dioxin inhibitor provided by the embodiment, comprises the following steps:
(1) monitoring the flue gas SO of a pipeline at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ of a waste heat boiler2And the HCl hour mean concentration is transmitted to a controller, the controller calculates the actual sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta through an embedded formula and a logical relation
The actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is calculated as follows
η＝36.5X1/64X2(formula)1)
X1SO in flue gas in pipeline at temperature of 300-400 ℃ of waste heat boiler2Actual measured hourly concentration mean (mg/Nm)3)；
X2-the mean value of the measured hour concentration (mg/Nm) of HCl in flue gas in a pipeline at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ in a waste heat boiler3)；
(2) Acquiring the hour adding amount of the dioxin inhibitor in the range of the actual sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta and the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta 'obtained in the step (1), so that the hour adding amount of the dioxin inhibitor is obtained when the actual sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is in the range of the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta';
when eta is in the eta' range, stopping feeding;
when eta is higher than the upper limit of the eta', stopping feeding;
when eta is less than the lower limit of the eta' range, the hour feeding amount is calculated according to a formula 2 and a table 1, taking a dioxin inhibitor as ammonium sulfate as an example:
in the formula, Y is ammonium sulfate hour adding amount (g);
q-chimney Smoke volume (Nm)3/s)；
X1SO in flue gas in pipeline at temperature of 300-400 ℃ of waste heat boiler2Actual measured hourly concentration mean (mg/Nm)3)；
X2-the mean value of the measured hour concentration (mg/Nm) of HCl in flue gas in a pipeline at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ in a waste heat boiler3)；
μ — ammonium sulfate purity (%);
eta' -target S/Cl ratio, taking the average value in the range;
132-relative molecular mass of ammonium sulfate, if replaced by other dioxin suppressors, then the relative molecular mass of the other dioxin suppressors is changed accordingly.
(3) According to the hour adding amount of the dioxin inhibitor obtained in the step (2), adding the dioxin inhibitor in a temperature section of 400-500 ℃ of a waste heat boiler; specifically, a dioxin inhibitor feeding system which is provided with a disc feeder and is connected with an accumulative weight sensor sends data of the accumulative weight sensor of the disc feeder to a controller; further, the disc feeder feeds according to the hour adding amount of the dioxin inhibitor given by the controller. When the dioxin inhibitor does not need to be added, such as the dioxin inhibitor system is maintained or stopped, the dioxin inhibitor can be stopped from being added by opening and closing the valve A4.
The domestic garbage incinerator, the Martin fire grate furnace, the throughput is 150 t/d. The flue gas purification process comprises denitration in an SNCR furnace, a dioxin inhibitor system, a deacidification tower, activated carbon spraying and cloth bag dust removal. The average temperature of a thermocouple of an incineration hearth is 900 ℃, the temperature of flue gas is reduced to about 500 ℃ after passing through a secondary superheater, and then the flue gas enters a pipeline with a dioxin inhibitor and is conveyed to a temperature section of 400-500 ℃ of a waste heat boiler.
The domestic garbage incinerator, the Martin fire grate furnace, the throughput is 150 t/d. The flue gas purification process comprises denitration in an SNCR furnace, a dioxin inhibitor system, a deacidification tower, activated carbon spraying and cloth bag dust removal. The average temperature of a thermocouple of an incineration hearth is 900 ℃, the temperature of flue gas is reduced to about 500 ℃ after passing through a secondary superheater, and then the flue gas enters a pipeline with a dioxin inhibitor and is conveyed to a temperature section of 400-500 ℃ of a waste heat boiler. SO in the exhaust-heat boiler flue gas in a certain normal operation period2The hourly mean concentration is 245mg/Nm3The HCl hourly mean concentration is 820mg/Nm3The sulfur-chlorine ratio converted to the middle control DCS was 0.17. Selecting ammonium sulfate as a dioxin inhibitor, and enabling the adding amount from day 1 to day 10 to meet the requirement that the sulfur-chlorine ratio of the exhaust-heat boiler flue gas is in the range of 0.5-1, 1-2, 4-5 and 0.8 [ ] E1. 0.8 to 1, 0.5 to 0.8, 0.3 to 0.5 and 0.3 to 0.5. The concentration of dioxin in the flue gas before adding the ammonium sulfate is 0.340 eta g I-TEQ/Nm3After ammonium sulfate is added for one period (10 days), the concentration of dioxin in the flue gas is 0.080 eta g I-TEQ/Nm3About 1200kg of ammonium sulfate is added in 10 days, and the inhibition rate is 76%.
In the above step, the sulfur-chlorine molar ratio η is found to be 36.5X1/64X2(equation 1), the target sulfur to chlorine molar ratio η' ranges are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 target Sulfochloro molar ratio η' range
Control group: when the self-adaptive inhibitor adding system is not used, ammonium sulfate is added to the waste heat boiler at a fixed frequency. Selecting SO in the flue gas of the waste heat boiler of the furnace2The hourly mean concentration is 245mg/Nm3About and HCl hourly mean concentration of 820mg/Nm3In a left time period and a right time period (namely the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio is about 0.17), ammonium sulfate is quantitatively added according to the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio of 0.8 (namely about 8kg of ammonium sulfate is added per hour), after the ammonium sulfate is added for 10 days, the concentration of dioxin in the flue gas is monitored, and the concentration of the dioxin in the flue gas is found to be from 0.280 eta g I-TEQ/Nm3Down to 0.089 eta g I-TEQ/Nm3The inhibition rate was 68%. Compared with two experiments, when the system is not suitable for the adaptive inhibitor adding system, the total amount of ammonium sulfate added in 10 days is 1920kg, the amount of the ammonium sulfate used in 10 days by using the adaptive inhibitor adding system and performing variable-frequency adding according to the target sulfur-chlorine ratio is about 1200kg, 720kg of ammonium sulfate is saved, and the inhibition rate of dioxin is higher.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Dioxin inhibitor self-adaptation feedSystem, characterized in that it comprises an SO2The system comprises an HCl detection system, a controller, a variable frequency feeder, a storage tank for storing a dioxin inhibitor, a feeding fan and an opening and closing valve;
the SO2The detection system and the HCl detection system are in signal connection with the controller and are respectively used for detecting SO in the flue gas in the waste heat boiler of the waste incineration system2And HCl concentration; the controller is connected with the variable-frequency feeder through signals; the controller is used for controlling the emission of the SO in the flue gas2Obtaining SO from HCl concentration2Measured hourly concentration mean X1Measured hour concentration mean value X of HCl2Calculating the current actually-measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta, determining the feeding amount of the variable frequency feeder, namely the hourly feeding amount Y of the dioxin inhibitor according to the principle that the lower limit of the range of the current actually-measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is lower than the current target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta' is more, the feeding amount is larger, and acquiring a control signal of the variable frequency feeder;
the variable-frequency feeder is arranged at an outlet at the lower end of the storage tank and used for driving a dioxin inhibitor in the storage tank to be released into a blower pipeline according to a control signal of the variable-frequency feeder;
the air feeder is connected with the storage tank and the waste heat boiler in series through a pipeline and used for blowing the dioxin inhibitor released by the storage tank to the waste heat boiler.
2. The dioxin inhibitor adaptive feed system of claim 1, wherein the SO is2The detection system and the HCl detection system are respectively used for detecting SO in flue gas in a 300-400 ℃ temperature section pipeline of a waste heat boiler of the waste incineration system2And HCl concentration.
3. The dioxin inhibitor adaptive feed system of claim 1, wherein the SO is2The detection system is SO2The HCl detection system is an HCl gas on-line analyzer or a fixed detector.
4. The dioxin inhibitor adaptive feeding system of claim 1, wherein the controller calculates the currently measured sulfur-to-chlorine molar ratio η according to the following method:
η＝36.5X1/64X2。
5. the dioxin inhibitor adaptive feeding system of claim 1, wherein the controller calculates the hourly dosage of the dioxin inhibitor according to the following method:
when the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is smaller than the lower limit of the range of the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta', the hour adding amount Y of the dioxin inhibitor is as follows:
wherein Y is the hour addition amount (g) of the dioxin inhibitor, M is the molecular weight of the dioxin inhibitor,
as a smoke volume conversion coefficient, Q is a chimney smoke volume (Nm)3/s)，X2The method is the actual measurement hour concentration mean value (mg/Nm) of HCl in flue gas in a pipeline at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ of a waste heat boiler3)，X1Is SO in flue gas in a 300-400 ℃ temperature section pipeline of a waste heat boiler2Actual measured hourly concentration mean (mg/Nm)3) Mu is the purity (%) of the dioxin inhibitor, and eta 'is the current target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta';
otherwise, the feeding of the dioxin inhibitor is stopped when the hour feeding amount Y is 0.
6. A variable frequency adding method of a dioxin inhibitor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) monitoring the actual measurement hour concentration mean value of SO2 and the actual measurement hour concentration mean value of HCl in the flue gas in the temperature range of 300-400 ℃ of the waste heat boiler, and calculating the actual measurement sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta;
(2) acquiring the hour adding amount of the dioxin inhibitor through the range of the actual sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta and the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta 'acquired in the step (1), so that the actual sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is in the range of the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta';
(3) and (3) according to the hour adding amount of the dioxin inhibitor obtained in the step (2), adding the dioxin inhibitor in a temperature section of 400-500 ℃ of a waste heat boiler.
7. The variable-frequency dioxin inhibitor adding method according to claim 6, characterized in that the sulfur-chlorine molar ratio of the exhaust-heat boiler in step (1) is the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio η of flue gas in a pipeline at a temperature range of 300 to 400 ℃ in the exhaust-heat boiler.
8. The variable-frequency dioxin inhibitor adding method according to claim 6, wherein the step (2) is specifically: when the actually measured sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta is smaller than the lower limit of the range of the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta', the hour adding amount Y of the dioxin inhibitor is as follows:
wherein Y is the hour addition amount (g) of the dioxin inhibitor, M is the molecular weight of the dioxin inhibitor,
as a smoke volume conversion coefficient, Q is a chimney smoke volume (Nm)3/s)，X2The method is the actual measurement hour concentration mean value (mg/Nm) of HCl in flue gas in a pipeline at the temperature of 300-400 ℃ of a waste heat boiler3)，X1Is SO in flue gas in a 300-400 ℃ temperature section pipeline of a waste heat boiler2Actual measured hourly concentration mean (mg/Nm)3) Mu is the purity (%) of the dioxin inhibitor, and eta' is the current target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio;
otherwise, the feeding of the dioxin inhibitor is stopped when the hour feeding amount Y is 0.
9. The variable-frequency dioxin inhibitor adding method according to claim 6, wherein the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio η' range in step (2) is obtained as follows:
the target sulfur-chlorine molar ratio eta' range takes 10 days as a cycle period, and the adding amount from the 1 st day to the 10 th day in each cycle is such that the sulfur-chlorine molar ratio range of the waste heat boiler flue gas is 0.5-1, 1-2, 4-5, 0.8-1, 0.5-0.8, 0.3-0.5 and 0.3-0.5.
10. The variable-frequency adding method of the dioxin inhibitor according to claim 6, wherein the dioxin inhibitor is a substance that can decompose SO at 300 to 500 ℃2The sulfur-containing ammonia inorganic dioxin inhibitor is any one or combination of sulfamic acid, sulfamide, ammonium sulfate, ammonium thiosulfate and thiourea.
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