CN111015110B - Preparation method of metal pipe fitting difficult to deform - Google Patents
Preparation method of metal pipe fitting difficult to deform Download PDFInfo
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- CN111015110B CN111015110B CN201911336267.7A CN201911336267A CN111015110B CN 111015110 B CN111015110 B CN 111015110B CN 201911336267 A CN201911336267 A CN 201911336267A CN 111015110 B CN111015110 B CN 111015110B
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- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a metal pipe fitting difficult to deform, and belongs to the field of pipe fitting preparation. The invention has the advantages that: the preparation of the metal reducer pipe and the blind hole pipe which are difficult to deform is realized by adopting split preparation and friction welding, so that the difficulty of integral preparation can be greatly reduced, the preparation cost is reduced, and the production efficiency and the yield are improved; the friction welding is a solid-phase welding method, has the technical characteristics of high quality, high efficiency, energy conservation and no pollution, and can realize the high-efficiency and high-quality welding of the variable-diameter pipe and the blind hole pipe which are difficult to deform. The size precision of the solid-phase welded component is high, the welding seam is narrow and is in a micron order, the tensile strength and the yield strength of the welding seam are consistent with those of the base metal, the welding coefficient of the material can reach 0.99-1.0, and the welding seam tissue is equivalent to or thinner than that of the base metal; can be used for the connection between the same or different metal pipes, between the pipes and the bars and between the pipes and the plates.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pipe fitting preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a metal pipe fitting difficult to deform.
Background
At present, the variable diameter metal pipe and the blind hole pipe which are difficult to deform are integrally prepared by forging or extruding, spinning and machining, but because the structure of the component is complex and the hot workability of the material is poor, the defects of high integral processing difficulty, low material utilization rate, low production efficiency, high cost and the like exist.
Conventional welding methods, such as argon arc welding and electron beam welding, are all fusion welding, that is, a welding seam is in a fusion state during welding, so that the welding seam has the defects of thick structure, easy oxidation at the welding seam, easy formation of shrinkage cavity, inclusion and the like, and the conventional welding method is limited by the material and thickness of a welding part, so that the welding operation is troublesome and the efficiency is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a metal pipe difficult to deform. The preparation method provided by the invention can realize high-efficiency and high-quality welding of the variable-diameter pipe and the blind hole pipe which are difficult to deform.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of a difficult-to-deform metal pipe fitting, which comprises a difficult-to-deform metal reducer pipe and a blind hole pipe and comprises the following steps:
splitting the integral part into at least 2 split bodies according to the structural parameters of the metal pipe fittings difficult to deform, and then preparing the split parts according to the structural characteristics of the split bodies
And (3) carrying out friction welding on each split part, and then removing the flash at the welding seam to obtain the metal pipe fitting difficult to deform.
Preferably, the material of the metal pipe fitting difficult to deform is titanium, titanium aluminum, high alloy steel, nickel or magnesium.
Preferably, the diameter of the reducer pipe is 15-500 mm, and the wall thickness is 5-50 mm.
Preferably, the split body of the reducer pipe is prepared by adopting the methods of forging, ring rolling, spinning, extruding, machining, cross rolling and perforating, machining, rolling and machining.
Preferably, the blind hole pipe is formed by connecting a pipe and a rod, a cake or a plate, the diameter of the pipe is 15-500 mm, the thickness of the pipe is 5-50 mm, and the diameters of the rod and the cake and the side length of the plate are independently larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the pipe.
Preferably, the bar and the cake are prepared by a forging method, and the plate is prepared by a rolling method.
Preferably, the hollow tube part of the blind hole tube is prepared by adopting an extrusion, cross-piercing, forging or ring rolling method.
Preferably, the process parameters of the friction welding include: main shaft rotating speed: 800-1000 rpm; friction pressure: 1.0-5.0 MPa; friction pressurization time: 0.5-2.0 s; frictional deformation: 6.0-11.0 mm; upsetting pressure: 3.0-9.0 MPa; upsetting and pressurizing time: 1.0-3.0 s; total deformation amount: 8.0-13.0 mm.
Preferably, the step of friction welding is: one of the split parts to be welded is clamped in a rotary clamp, the other split part is clamped in a movable clamp, during welding, the rotary clamp is driven by a motor to start to rotate at a high speed, the movable clamp is gradually drawn close to the rotary clamp under the action of axial force, the split parts on the two sides rub the surfaces of the two split parts to be welded mutually under the action of axial pressure, so that a friction interface is softened, the deformation resistance is reduced, the friction torque is reduced, the friction stage is ended, the two split parts stop rotating relative to each other, the axial pressure is applied at the same time, and the two split parts are firmly welded together under the action of the axial pressure by using a material in a high-temperature viscous plastic state, so that the whole friction welding process is.
Preferably, the flash at the welding seam is removed by machining.
The invention provides a preparation method of a difficult-to-deform metal pipe fitting, which comprises a difficult-to-deform metal reducer and a blind hole pipe and comprises the following steps: splitting the integral part into not less than 2 split bodies according to the structural parameters of the metal pipe fitting difficult to deform, and then preparing split parts according to the structural characteristics of the split bodies; and (3) carrying out friction welding on each split part, and then removing the flash at the welding seam to obtain the metal pipe fitting difficult to deform. The invention has the advantages that: the preparation of the metal reducer pipe and the blind hole pipe which are difficult to deform is realized by adopting split preparation and friction welding, so that the difficulty of integral preparation can be greatly reduced, the preparation cost is reduced, and the production efficiency and the yield are improved; the friction welding is a solid-phase welding method, has the technical characteristics of high quality, high efficiency, energy conservation and no pollution, and can realize the high-efficiency and high-quality welding of the variable-diameter pipe and the blind hole pipe which are difficult to deform. The size precision of the solid-phase welded component is high, the welding seam is narrow and is in a micron order, the tensile strength and the yield strength of the welding seam are consistent with those of the base metal, the welding coefficient of the material can reach 0.99-1.0, and the welding seam tissue is equivalent to or thinner than that of the base metal; can be used for the connection between the same or different metal pipes, between the pipes and the bars and between the pipes and the plates.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a Ti6246 titanium alloy blind hole tube;
FIG. 2 is a schematic disassembled view of a Ti6246 blind-hole tube structure;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure view of the weld width of a Ti6246 blind hole tube;
FIG. 4 is a microstructure diagram of a weld structure of a Ti6246 blind hole pipe;
FIG. 5 is a microstructure view of a Ti6246 tube base material;
FIG. 6 is a structural diagram and a schematic disassembly diagram of a pure titanium reducer;
FIG. 7 is a microstructure diagram of a weld width of a TA1 special-shaped pipe;
FIG. 8 is a microstructure diagram of a weld of TA1 special-shaped pipe;
FIG. 9 is a microstructure view of a parent material of a TA1 pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a difficult-to-deform metal pipe fitting, which comprises a difficult-to-deform metal reducer pipe and a blind hole pipe and comprises the following steps:
splitting the integral part into not less than 2 split bodies according to the structural parameters of the metal pipe fitting difficult to deform, and then preparing split parts according to the structural characteristics of the split bodies;
and (3) carrying out friction welding on each split part, and then removing the flash at the welding seam to obtain the metal pipe fitting difficult to deform.
The invention splits the integral component into at least 2 split bodies according to the structural parameters of the metal pipe fittings difficult to deform, and then prepares the split components according to the structural characteristics of the split bodies. In the present invention, the material of the metal pipe member that is difficult to deform is preferably titanium, titanium aluminum, high alloy steel, nickel, or magnesium.
In the invention, the diameter of the reducer pipe is preferably 15-500 mm, and the wall thickness is preferably 5-50 mm.
In the invention, the split body of the reducer pipe is preferably prepared by adopting a method of forging, ring rolling, spinning, extruding, machining, cross rolling and perforating, machining or rolling and machining. The specific mode of forging, ring rolling, spinning, extruding, machining, cross piercing, machining or rolling and machining is not particularly limited, and the method known to the skilled person can be adopted.
In the invention, the blind hole pipe is preferably a pipe connected with a bar, a cake or a plate, the pipe is preferably 15-500 mm in diameter and 5-50 mm in thickness, and the diameters of the bar, the cake and the side length of the plate are preferably independently larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the pipe.
In the present invention, the bar and the cake are preferably prepared by a forging method, and the plate is preferably prepared by a rolling method.
In the present invention, the hollow tube portion of the blind hole tube is preferably prepared by extrusion, cross-piercing, forging or ring rolling. The present invention is not particularly limited to the specific manner of forging, rolling, extruding, cross-piercing or ring rolling, and may be performed by methods known to those skilled in the art.
After obtaining the split parts, the invention carries out friction welding on the split parts and then removes the flash at the welding seam to obtain the metal pipe fitting difficult to deform. In the present invention, the process parameters of the friction welding preferably include: main shaft rotating speed: 800-1000 rpm; friction pressure: 1.0-5.0 MPa; friction pressurization time: 0.5-2.0 s; frictional deformation: 6.0-11.0 mm; upsetting pressure: 3.0-9.0 MPa; upsetting and pressurizing time: 1.0-3.0 s; total deformation amount: 8.0-13.0 mm.
In the present invention, the step of friction welding is preferably: one of the split parts to be welded is clamped in a rotary clamp, the other split part is clamped in a movable clamp, during welding, the rotary clamp is driven by a motor to start to rotate at a high speed, the movable clamp is gradually drawn close to the rotary clamp under the action of axial force, the split parts on the two sides rub the surfaces of the two split parts to be welded mutually under the action of axial pressure, so that a friction interface is softened, the deformation resistance is reduced, the friction torque is reduced, the friction stage is ended, the two split parts stop rotating relative to each other, the axial pressure is applied at the same time, and the two split parts are firmly welded together under the action of the axial pressure by using a material in a high-temperature viscous plastic state, so that the whole friction welding process is.
In the present invention, the flash at the welding seam is preferably removed by machining.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the method for manufacturing the hard-to-deform metal pipe according to the present invention is described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
and friction welding the Ti6246 titanium alloy pipe and the Ti6246 titanium alloy bar to prepare the blind hole pipe.
Step one, a structural diagram of a Ti6246 titanium alloy blind hole pipe is shown in fig. 1, and a schematic diagram of a disassembled Ti6246 blind hole pipe structure is shown in fig. 2. The structure is split into 2 split bodies, wherein the split body 1 is a bar material with phi 200mm multiplied by 80mm, and the split body 2 is a pipe material with phi 160mm multiplied by 16 mm. Preparing a split body 1 by adopting a forging method, preparing a split body 2 by adopting an extrusion method, cutting a split body 1 bar material and a split body 2 pipe material required by preparing a blind hole pipe, and reserving welding shortening allowance.
And step two, clamping one of the two split bodies to be welded on a rotary clamp, clamping the other split body on a movable clamp, setting technological parameters of friction welding, and starting friction welding equipment. The rotary workpiece starts to rotate at a high speed of 900rpm under the drive of a motor, the movable workpiece gradually approaches to the rotary workpiece under the action of axial pressure, the surfaces of the two workpieces to be welded are mutually rubbed under the action of axial pressure of 3.0MPa, the friction time is 0.8s, after the friction stage is finished, the relative rotation of the two workpieces is immediately stopped, meanwhile, axial pressure of 6.0MPa is applied for upsetting, the materials in a high-temperature viscous plastic state are firmly welded together under the action of the axial pressure, the upsetting pressurization time is 2.8s, and the whole welding process is completed. The shortening amount in the friction stage is 8.2mm, and the total deformation amount is 10.3 mm. And sequentially carrying out friction welding on adjacent split bodies according to the sequence of the split bodies of the reducer pipe or the blind hole pipe.
And step three, removing the flash generated inside and outside the welding joint during friction welding by adopting a machining method.
Fig. 3 is a microstructure diagram of the width of a welding seam of a Ti6246 blind hole pipe, fig. 4 is a microstructure diagram of a welding seam structure of the Ti6246 blind hole pipe, fig. 5 is a microstructure diagram of a base material of the Ti6246 pipe, the mechanical properties of the welding seam are shown in table 1, and it can be known from fig. 3 to 5 and table 1 that the welding seam is very narrow and in micron order after friction solid phase welding, and the welding seam structure is equivalent to the base material.
TABLE 1 mechanical properties of weld and weld width after friction welding of Ti6246 blind hole pipes
Example two:
and (4) friction welding to prepare the pure titanium reducer pipe.
Step one, a structure diagram and a splitting schematic diagram of the pure titanium reducer pipe are shown in fig. 6, and the structure is split into 3 split bodies. The split body 1 is a pipe material with phi 200mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 200mm, the split body 3 is a pipe material with phi 500mm multiplied by 10mm multiplied by 200mm, and the split body 2 is a reducer pipe with phi 200mm at the small end, phi 500mm at the large end, 10mm in wall thickness and 400mm in length. The split body 1 is used for preparing a pipe by adopting an extrusion and rolling method, and the pipe required for preparing the special pipe is cut; the split body 2 is prepared by adopting a die forging or spinning method; the split body 3 is prepared by adopting a forging ring or a ring grinding method. And a certain welding shortening allowance is reserved during blanking of each split body.
And step two, clamping the split bodies 1 and 2 to be welded on a rotary clamp and a movable clamp respectively, setting technological parameters of friction welding, and starting friction welding equipment. The rotary workpiece starts to rotate at a high speed of 800rpm under the drive of a motor, the movable workpiece gradually approaches to the rotary workpiece under the action of axial pressure, the surfaces of the two workpieces to be welded are mutually rubbed under the axial pressure of 1.6MPa, the friction time is 0.5s, after the friction stage is finished, the relative rotation of the two workpieces is immediately stopped, meanwhile, the axial pressure of 3.2MPa is applied for upsetting, the materials in a high-temperature viscous plastic state are firmly welded together under the action of the axial pressure, and the upsetting pressurization time is 1.3 s. And welding the split bodies 1 and 2. The shortening amount in the friction stage is 6.3mm, and the total deformation amount is 8.5 mm. And then clamping the welding bodies 1 and 2 on a movable clamp, clamping the welding bodies 3 on a rotary clamp, setting technological parameters of friction welding for welding, and starting friction welding equipment. The rotary workpiece starts to rotate at a high speed of 800rpm under the drive of a motor, the movable workpiece gradually approaches to the rotary workpiece under the action of axial pressure, the surfaces of the two workpieces to be welded are mutually rubbed under the action of axial pressure of 2.5MPa, the rubbing time is 1.2s, after the rubbing stage is finished, the relative rotation of the two workpieces is immediately stopped, meanwhile, axial pressure of 5.0MPa is applied for upsetting, the materials in a high-temperature viscous plastic state are firmly welded together under the action of the axial pressure, and the upsetting pressurization time is 2.5 s. And welding the split bodies 1 and 2. The shortening amount in the friction stage is 6.8mm, and the total deformation amount is 8.8 mm. Thus, the welding of the respective divided bodies is completed.
And step three, removing the flash generated inside and outside the welding joint during friction welding by adopting a machining method.
Fig. 7 is a microstructure diagram of a weld width of a TA1 special pipe, fig. 8 is a microstructure diagram of a weld of a TA1 special pipe, fig. 9 is a microstructure diagram of a TA1 pipe base material, mechanical properties of the weld are shown in table 2, and it can be known from fig. 7 to 9 and table 2 that the weld is narrow after solid phase welding, and crystal grains at the weld are finer than those of the base material.
TABLE 2 mechanical properties and weld width of pure titanium special pipe after friction welding
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a metal pipe fitting difficult to deform comprises a metal reducer pipe difficult to deform and a blind hole pipe, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
splitting the integral part into not less than 2 split bodies according to the structural parameters of the metal pipe fitting difficult to deform, and then preparing split parts according to the structural characteristics of the split bodies;
after friction welding is carried out on each split part, flash at the welding seam is removed, and the metal pipe fitting difficult to deform is obtained; the technological parameters of the friction welding comprise: main shaft rotating speed: 800-1000 rpm; friction pressure: 1.0-5.0 MPa; friction pressurization time: 0.5-2.0 s; frictional deformation: 6.0-11.0 mm; upsetting pressure: 3.0-9.0 MPa; upsetting and pressurizing time: 1.0-3.0 s; total deformation amount: 8.0-13.0 mm.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material of the metal pipe member is titanium, titanium aluminum, high alloy steel, nickel or magnesium.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the reducer pipe has a diameter of 15 to 500mm and a wall thickness of 5 to 50 mm.
4. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the split body of the reducer pipe is prepared by forging, ring rolling, spinning, extruding and machining, cross piercing and machining, rolling and machining.
5. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the blind hole pipe is a connection of a pipe and a bar, a cake or a plate, the pipe has a diameter of 15-500 mm and a thickness of 5-50 mm, and the diameter of the bar and the cake and the side length of the plate are independently larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the pipe.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the bar and cake are prepared by forging and the plate is prepared by rolling.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the hollow tube portion of the blind tube is prepared by extrusion, cross-piercing, forging or ring rolling.
8. The method of manufacturing of claim 1, wherein the step of friction welding is: one of the split parts to be welded is clamped in a rotary clamp, the other split part is clamped in a movable clamp, during welding, the rotary clamp is driven by a motor to start to rotate at a high speed, the movable clamp is gradually drawn close to the rotary clamp under the action of axial force, the split parts on the two sides rub the surfaces of the two split parts to be welded mutually under the action of axial pressure, so that a friction interface is softened, the deformation resistance is reduced, the friction torque is reduced, the friction stage is ended, the two split parts stop rotating relative to each other, the axial pressure is applied at the same time, and the two split parts are firmly welded together under the action of the axial pressure by using a material in a high-temperature viscous plastic state, so that the whole friction welding process is.
9. The method for preparing the alloy steel plate according to claim 1, wherein the flash at the welding seam is removed by machining.
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| CN112872576A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-01 | 西部金属材料股份有限公司 | Method for recycling excess metal materials in pipe shape |
| CN113084458A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-09 | 西部金属材料股份有限公司 | Titanium alloy gas cylinder and preparation method thereof |
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