CN111015047B - Welding tool and welding method for combustion chamber shell of gas turbine - Google Patents
Welding tool and welding method for combustion chamber shell of gas turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111015047B CN111015047B CN201910973000.2A CN201910973000A CN111015047B CN 111015047 B CN111015047 B CN 111015047B CN 201910973000 A CN201910973000 A CN 201910973000A CN 111015047 B CN111015047 B CN 111015047B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
- B23K37/0443—Jigs
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Abstract
The invention discloses a welding tool and a welding method for a combustion chamber shell of a gas turbine, and belongs to the technical field of welding. The welding tool comprises a base, a plurality of supporting blocks and a plurality of wedges in one-to-one correspondence with the supporting blocks; the base comprises two annular plates and a connecting plate which are oppositely arranged, and the connecting plate is arranged between the two annular plates and is fixedly connected with the two annular plates; the surface of the annular plate, which is not provided with the connecting plate, is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped guide grooves which are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of supporting blocks, and the strip-shaped guide grooves extend from the outer ring of the annular plate along the radial direction of the annular plate; the supporting block comprises an arch-shaped supporting part and a strip-shaped guide part, the strip-shaped guide part is slidably arranged in the corresponding strip-shaped guide groove, and the wedge block is clamped between the strip-shaped guide part and the strip-shaped guide groove; the strip-shaped guide part is vertically fixed on the plane of the arch-shaped supporting part, and the curved surface of the arch-shaped supporting part is used for abutting against the combustion chamber shell. The invention can avoid the welding deformation of the combustion chamber shell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a welding tool and a welding method for a combustion chamber shell of a gas turbine.
Background
Gas turbines (Gas Turbine) are internal combustion power machines which use continuously flowing Gas as a working medium to drive an impeller to rotate at high speed and convert the energy of fuel into useful work. The gas turbine is used as power output equipment and power generation equipment, is widely applied to ship power, natural gas pipeline transmission, ocean platform power generation and peak shaving power generation in medium and small cities, and has wide market prospect.
The gas Turbine mainly includes a Compressor (Compressor), a Combustor (Combustor) and a Turbine (Turbine). When the gas turbine works, the air compressor continuously sucks air from the atmosphere and compresses the air; the compressed air enters a combustion chamber, is mixed with the injected fuel and then is combusted to form high-temperature fuel gas; the high-temperature gas flows into the turbine to do work through expansion, the turbine is pushed to rotate, one part of mechanical work produced by rotation drives the compressor to rotate together, and the other part of mechanical work is output.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems:
the combustion chamber shell is one of the core parts of a combustion chamber casing of the gas turbine, and is connected with a high-pressure compressor casing at the left side and connected with a high-pressure turbine casing and a low-pressure turbine casing at the right side. In order to meet assembly requirements, the cylindricity of the outer contour line of the combustion chamber housing needs to be within 2 mm. Because the inner cavity of the combustion chamber is provided with a plurality of flame tubes, the working temperature is up to 500 ℃, the main body part of the combustion chamber shell is formed by high-temperature alloy through sheet metal machining, and the machining cannot be carried out after welding, so the cylindricity requirement can only be ensured through welding. However, the combustion chamber shell has the characteristics of thin wall thickness, large diameter, poor rigidity and the like, welding deformation is difficult to control, and the welding deformation is difficult to correct after the deformation, so that the cylindricity of the combustion chamber shell is difficult to meet the assembly requirement, and the product is very easy to scrap.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a welding tool and a welding method for a combustion chamber shell of a gas turbine, which can solve the problems that the welding deformation of the combustion chamber shell is difficult to control and products are very easy to scrap in the prior art. The technical scheme is as follows:
on one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a welding tool for a combustion chamber shell of a gas turbine, which comprises a base, a plurality of supporting blocks and a plurality of wedges, wherein the wedges correspond to the supporting blocks one by one; the base comprises two annular plates and a connecting plate, the two annular plates are oppositely arranged, and the connecting plate is arranged between the two annular plates and is fixedly connected with the two annular plates; a plurality of strip-shaped guide grooves are formed in the surface, not provided with the connecting plate, of the annular plate, each strip-shaped guide groove extends from the outer ring of the annular plate along the radial direction of the annular plate, and the strip-shaped guide grooves correspond to the support blocks one by one; each support block comprises an arched support part and a strip-shaped guide part, the first end of the strip-shaped guide part is slidably arranged in the strip-shaped guide groove corresponding to the support block to which the strip-shaped guide part belongs, and the wedge block is clamped between the first end of the strip-shaped guide part included in the support block corresponding to the wedge block and the side face of the strip-shaped guide groove opposite to the first end of the strip-shaped guide part; the second end of the strip-shaped guide part is vertically fixed on the plane of an arch-shaped support part included by the support block to which the strip-shaped guide part belongs, and the curved surface of the arch-shaped support part is used for abutting against the combustion chamber shell.
Optionally, the welding tool further comprises a plurality of cover plates, and the plurality of cover plates correspond to the plurality of support blocks one to one; each cover plate is arranged on the supporting block corresponding to the cover plate and fixed on the surface of the annular plate provided with the strip-shaped guide grooves.
Furthermore, each cover plate is provided with four base fixing screw holes, two pin positioning through holes and a supporting block fixing screw hole, the supporting block fixing screw holes are formed in the center of the cover plate, the four base fixing screw holes are respectively formed in the two ends, located on the two sides of the supporting block, of the strip area of the cover plate, and the two pin positioning through holes are respectively formed in the centers, located on the two sides of the supporting block, of the strip area of the cover plate.
Optionally, an included angle between a side surface of the strip-shaped guide groove opposite to the first end of the strip-shaped guide portion and the bottom surface of the strip-shaped guide groove is equal to the inclination angle of the wedge block.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a welding method for a combustion chamber shell of a gas turbine, where the welding method includes:
providing a cylinder body;
welding an embedded flange in the cylinder;
installing a welding tool in the cylinder; the welding tool comprises a base, a plurality of supporting blocks and a plurality of wedges, wherein the wedges correspond to the supporting blocks one by one; the base comprises two annular plates and a connecting plate, the two annular plates are oppositely arranged, and the connecting plate is arranged between the two annular plates and is fixedly connected with the two annular plates; a plurality of strip-shaped guide grooves are formed in the surface, not provided with the connecting plate, of the annular plate, each strip-shaped guide groove extends from the outer ring of the annular plate along the radial direction of the annular plate, and the strip-shaped guide grooves correspond to the support blocks one by one; each supporting block comprises an arch-shaped supporting part and a strip-shaped guide part, the first end of each strip-shaped guide part is slidably arranged in the strip-shaped guide groove corresponding to the supporting block to which the strip-shaped guide part belongs, and the wedge block is clamped between the first end of the strip-shaped guide part included in the supporting block corresponding to the wedge block and the side face of the strip-shaped guide groove opposite to the first end of the strip-shaped guide part; the second end of the strip-shaped guide part is vertically fixed on the plane of an arched supporting part included by a supporting block to which the strip-shaped guide part belongs, and the curved surface of the arched supporting part is abutted against the inner wall of the cylinder body;
welding an externally attached flange outside the cylinder;
and removing the welding tool from the cylinder.
Optionally, the installation welding frock in the barrel includes:
inserting the first ends of the strip-shaped guide parts of the plurality of supporting blocks into the strip-shaped guide grooves corresponding to the supporting blocks, wherein the first ends of the strip-shaped guide parts are attached to the side faces of the strip-shaped guide grooves opposite to the first ends of the strip-shaped guide parts;
placing the base within the barrel;
inserting the plurality of wedges between side surfaces of the bar-shaped guide grooves, which are opposite to the first end of the bar-shaped guide part, at the first end of the bar-shaped guide part;
and using a hammer to sequentially and symmetrically knock the wedge blocks, wherein the supporting blocks are abutted against the inner wall of the cylinder body.
Further, the with welding frock is demolishd in the barrel, includes:
knocking the annular plate by using a hammer, wherein the supporting blocks are far away from the inner wall of the cylinder body;
sequentially and symmetrically removing the wedges from the supporting blocks corresponding to the wedges;
sequentially and symmetrically removing the supporting blocks from the strip-shaped guide grooves corresponding to the supporting blocks;
removing the base from within the barrel.
Optionally, the providing a cartridge comprises:
providing at least two plates;
rolling the at least two flat plates into a circular arc-shaped plate by using a plate rolling machine;
welding the at least two arc-shaped plates together end to end in sequence to form a cylinder;
correcting the cylinder by using a plate bending machine to enable the cylindricity of the cylinder to reach a first set value;
and shaping the barrel by using a swelling machine to enable the cylindricity of the barrel to reach a second set value, wherein the second set value is smaller than the first set value.
Further, the welding method further comprises:
and after the embedded flange is welded in the cylinder, shaping the cylinder by using a swelling machine to enable the cylindricity of the cylinder to reach a third set value, wherein the third set value is smaller than the second set value.
Optionally, the welding an in-line flange within the barrel includes:
sequentially and symmetrically forming a layer of welding layer on the embedded flange to enable the embedded flange to be welded in the cylinder body;
measuring the temperature of the welding layer of the embedded flange, and sequentially and symmetrically forming a layer of welding layer on the embedded flange again when the temperature of the welding layer of the embedded flange is lower than a set temperature until the embedded flange is welded;
the barrel outer weld pastes formula flange outward, includes:
sequentially and symmetrically forming a layer of welding layer on the externally attached flange, so that the externally attached flange is welded in the cylinder body;
and measuring the temperature of the welding layer of the externally-attached flange, and when the temperature of the welding layer of the externally-attached flange is below a set temperature, sequentially and symmetrically forming a layer of welding layer on the externally-attached flange again until the welding of the externally-attached flange is finished.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the annular plate is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped guide grooves which extend along the radial direction of the annular plate from the edge of the outer ring, each strip-shaped guide groove is correspondingly provided with a supporting block, each supporting block comprises an arc-shaped supporting part and a strip-shaped guide part, the first end strip-shaped guide part of each supporting block is slidably arranged in each strip-shaped guide groove, the second end of each supporting block is vertically fixed on the plane of each arc-shaped supporting part, and when a wedge block is inserted between the first end of each supporting block and the side face of the corresponding strip-shaped guide groove of the first end of each supporting block, the supporting blocks slide outwards along with the penetration of the wedge blocks and abut against the combustion chamber shell, so that the combustion chamber shell can be effectively prevented from deforming in the welding process, the cylindricity of the combustion chamber shell is ensured to meet the assembling requirement, and the rejection rate of products is effectively reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a welding tool for a combustor casing of a gas turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a welding tool for a combustor casing of a gas turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for welding a gas turbine combustor casing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a flat panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the direction A-A of FIG. 4 provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a flat plate forming cylinder provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a template detection cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the assembly of the mandrel and the round expansion machine provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an in-line flange mounting location according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another in-line flange mounting location provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an in-line flange weld according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of another in-line flange weld configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an external flange welding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a welding tool for a combustion chamber shell of a gas turbine. Fig. 1 is a front view of a welding tool for a gas turbine combustor casing according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a side view of the welding tool for the gas turbine combustor casing according to the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the welding tool includes a base 11, a plurality of support blocks 12, and a plurality of wedges 13, where the plurality of wedges 13 correspond to the plurality of support blocks 12 one to one. The base 11 includes two annular plates 111 and a connecting plate 112, the two annular plates 111 are disposed opposite to each other, and the connecting plate 112 is disposed between the two annular plates 111 and is fixedly connected to the two annular plates 111. A plurality of strip-shaped guide grooves 111a are provided on the surface of the annular plate 111 not provided with the connecting plate 112, each strip-shaped guide groove 111a extends from the outer ring of the annular plate 111 in the radial direction of the annular plate 111, and the plurality of strip-shaped guide grooves 111a correspond one-to-one to the plurality of support blocks 12. Each support block 12 includes an arcuate support portion 121 and a strip-shaped guide portion 122, a first end of the strip-shaped guide portion 122 is slidably disposed in a strip-shaped guide groove 111a corresponding to the support block 12 to which the strip-shaped guide portion 122 belongs, and the wedge 13 is clamped between a first end of the strip-shaped guide portion 122 included in the support block 12 corresponding to the wedge 13 and a side surface of the strip-shaped guide groove 111a opposite to the first end of the strip-shaped guide portion 122. The second end of the strip-shaped guide portion 122 is vertically fixed on the plane of the arch-shaped support portion 121 included in the support block 12 to which the strip-shaped guide portion 122 belongs, and the curved surface of the arch-shaped support portion 121 is used for abutting against the combustion chamber housing.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the annular plate is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped guide grooves extending from the edge of the outer ring along the radial direction of the annular plate, each strip-shaped guide groove is correspondingly provided with the support block, each support block comprises the arc-shaped support part and the strip-shaped guide part, the strip-shaped guide part at the first end of each support block is slidably arranged in the strip-shaped guide groove, the second end of each support block is vertically fixed on the plane of the arc-shaped support part, and when the wedge block is inserted between the first end of each support block and the side face of the strip-shaped guide groove opposite to the first end of each support block, the support blocks slide outwards along with the penetration of the wedge block and abut against the combustion chamber shell, so that the combustion chamber shell can be effectively prevented from deforming in the welding process, the cylindricity of the combustion chamber shell is ensured to meet the assembly requirement, and the rejection rate of products is effectively reduced.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the welding tool may include eight support blocks 12, where the eight support blocks 12 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular plate 111, and may play a good role in supporting the combustor casing, thereby effectively avoiding deformation of the combustor casing.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the welding tool may further include a plurality of cover plates 14, and the plurality of cover plates 14 correspond to the plurality of support blocks 12 one by one. Each cover plate 14 is provided on the support block 12 corresponding to the cover plate 14 and fixed on the surface of the ring plate 111 where the plurality of strip-shaped guide grooves 111a are provided.
Through additionally arranging the cover plate, the cover plate is matched with the annular plate, the arch-shaped supporting part of the supporting block is limited in the strip-shaped guide groove, the supporting block can slide outwards in the process of inserting the wedge block and is abutted against the combustion chamber shell, and therefore the combustion chamber shell is prevented from deforming in the welding process.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, each cover plate 14 may be provided with four base fixing screw holes 14a, two pin positioning through holes 14b, and a supporting block fixing screw hole 14c, the supporting block fixing screw hole 14c is disposed in the center of the cover plate 14, the four base fixing screw holes 14a are respectively disposed at two ends of the strip-shaped area of the cover plate 14 on two sides of the supporting block 12, and the two pin positioning through holes 14b are respectively disposed in the center of the strip-shaped area of the cover plate 14 on two sides of the supporting block 12.
In practical application, the strip-shaped guide groove 111a is opposite to the strip-shaped area in the middle of the cover plate 14, so that the support block fixing screw hole 14c leads to the support block 12 in the strip-shaped guide groove 111a, and a bolt is inserted into the support block fixing screw hole 14c to press down the support block 12; the strip-shaped areas of both sides of the cover plate 14 are opposite to the annular plate 111 so that four base fixing screw holes 14a and two pin positioning through holes 14b are opened to the annular plate 111, the annular plate 111 is correspondingly provided with screw holes and through holes, the cover plate 14 can be completely fixed to the annular plate 111 by inserting bolts into the base fixing screw holes 14a, and the cover plate 14 and the annular plate 111 can be prevented from moving relatively by inserting pins into the pin positioning through holes 14 b.
Before the wedge block is inserted, inserting pins into the two pin positioning through holes, keeping the cover plate static on a plane parallel to the annular plate, and limiting the arch-shaped supporting part of the supporting block in the strip-shaped guide groove; meanwhile, the cover plate can move on a plane perpendicular to the annular plate, a small amount of gaps can be reserved between the cover plate and the supporting plate, and the cover plate cannot influence the sliding of the arch-shaped supporting part of the supporting block in the strip-shaped guide groove. After the wedge block is inserted, bolts are inserted into the four base fixing screw holes, and the cover plate is completely fixed on the annular plate; and a bolt is inserted into one supporting block fixing screw hole, so that the supporting block is pressed in the strip-shaped guide groove, and the supporting block is prevented from sliding in the strip-shaped guide groove.
Alternatively, an angle between a side surface of the bar-shaped guide groove 111a opposite to the first end of the bar-shaped guide portion 122 and a bottom surface of the bar-shaped guide groove 111a may be equal to the inclination angle of the wedge 13.
The side of bar guide way is the same with the inclination of voussoir, is favorable to inserting of voussoir on the one hand, and on the other hand can well cooperate with the voussoir, is favorable to improving the stable setting of voussoir in the bar guide way.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the annular plate 111 may be provided with lifting holes 111b to facilitate movement of the annular plate.
In practical application, the difference between the linear expansion coefficient of the material adopted by the welding tool and the linear expansion coefficient of the material adopted by the combustion chamber shell can be within a set range, so that the problem that the welding tool cannot effectively support the combustion chamber shell due to the difference of the linear expansion coefficients can be avoided.
The embodiment of the invention provides a welding method of a combustion chamber shell of a gas turbine. FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for welding a gas turbine combustor casing according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, the welding method includes:
step 201: a cartridge is provided.
Optionally, the step 201 may include:
providing at least two plates;
rolling at least two flat plates into a circular arc-shaped plate by using a plate rolling machine;
welding at least two arc plates together end to end in sequence to form a cylinder;
correcting the cylinder by using a plate bending machine to enable the cylindricity of the cylinder to reach a first set value;
and shaping the barrel by using a round expansion machine to ensure that the cylindricity of the barrel reaches a second set value, and the second set value is smaller than the first set value.
By the forming method, the deformation of the cylinder can be effectively eliminated.
In practical application, firstly, a cylinder body is lofted and unfolded into a flat plate, and laser cutting is adopted for forming. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a flat panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, considering two total welds, each reserved for weld shrinkage of 2mm, the length dimension should be 4mm greater than the theoretical dimension, and thus, for example, the length a of the flat plate 100 may be 1974.5 ± 0.5mm and the width b may be 457 ± 0.5 mm.
Secondly, a butt joint groove is formed in a mechanical machining mode. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the direction a-a of fig. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 5, the bevel angle β of the flat plate 100 may be 30 ℃ ± 2 °, and the root d of the truncated edge may be 0-2 mm.
And then, rolling the flat plate into a circular arc in a plate rolling machine, closing, assembling and welding. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a flat plate forming cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 6, the flat plate 100 is rolled into a circular arc by the cooperation of the upper and lower rollers 200 and 300, and the edges of the two circular arcs are welded together to form a cylinder 400.
The diameter deviation after welding does not exceed the range of-2- + 1. During assembly, the misalignment of the two flat plates in the thickness direction is not more than 0.2mm, and the edges of the two flat plates positioned on the inner side of the cylinder body are aligned. When the two flat plates are positioned at the edge of the inner side of the cylinder, a pneumatic grinder can be used for grinding the misalignment of the two flat plates in the thickness direction until the two flat plates are aligned.
And then, the cylinder is placed in the plate rolling machine again for correction, and the cylindricity of the cylinder after correction is not more than 10 mm. And meanwhile, the gap between the cylinder body and the sample plate is checked by using the sample plate, and the gap between the cylinder body and the sample plate is not more than 2 mm. Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a template detection cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 7, the circular arc jig 500 is attached to the inside of the cylinder 400, and the gap therebetween is measured.
And finally, assembling the core mould and the circle expanding machine. Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the assembly of the mandrel and the round expansion machine according to the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 8, the core mold 600 is fixed to the swelling machine 700 using bolts. After assembly, the misalignment condition of the excircle of the core mold needs to be checked, the misalignment is required to be not more than 0.2mm, otherwise, the relative position of the core mold needs to be adjusted.
As shown in fig. 8, the mandrel 600 is adjusted to fit the calibrated barrel 400 over the mandrel 600. At this time, attention is paid to the operation of the round expander to move the core mold radially outward. In the process of expanding the round, in order to avoid the increase of the size of the round, the range of the processing diameter is adjusted according to the principle of the diameter +2mm in each round expansion process until the rough round expansion shaping of the barrel is completed. The rough expansion circle shaping can make the area of each section of the cylinder body tend to be smooth, and avoid the phenomena of sharp bending and the like.
It should be noted that the rough expansion circle should be left with a size of 2mm and not expanded in place, and the final expansion circle is shaped to a theoretical size after the embedded flange is to be welded (see step 202 for details) so as to ensure the requirement of cylindricity.
Step 202: and welding an embedded flange in the cylinder body.
Optionally, this step 202 may include:
sequentially and symmetrically forming a layer of welding layer on the embedded flange to enable the embedded flange to be welded in the cylinder body;
and measuring the temperature of the welding layer of the embedded flange, and sequentially and symmetrically forming a layer of welding layer on the embedded flange again when the temperature of the welding layer of the embedded flange is lower than a set temperature until the embedded flange is welded.
Through dividing into multilayer welding, every layer of welding all controls the temperature, can effectively avoid the high temperature and cause the combustor shell to warp.
In practical application, the embedded flange is processed on the round-expanded cylinder body at 6 positions. Fig. 9 and 10 are schematic structural views of an in-line flange mounting position according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 9 and 10, a 2-piece in-line flange 800 and a 4-piece in-line flange 900 are mounted to the pair of holes in the cartridge body 400.
Fig. 11 and 12 are schematic structural views of embedded flange welding according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 11 and 12, an arc-shaped support block 1000 is added to the back of each of the in-line flange 800 and the in-line flange 900 during welding to prevent the cartridge body 400 from being shrunk and deformed during welding of the in-line flange 800 and the in-line flange 900.
Illustratively, argon arc welding can be adopted for welding, HGH3039 can be selected as a welding material, the diameter can be 2mm, direct current direct welding can be adopted for welding, the welding current can be 140-160A, the welding speed can be 18-20 cm/min, and the gas flow can be 15-20L/min.
In the welding process, the interlayer temperature needs to be strictly controlled, and multilayer and multi-pass welding is adopted. When in welding, symmetrical welding is kept as far as possible, and each embedded flange is welded one layer by one and then welded on the next layer. When the next layer is welded, the temperature of the welding layer can be measured by using a contact thermometer, and the welding of the next layer is started after the temperature is confirmed to be lower than 60 ℃. And after the outer circle groove is completely filled, the back surface is back-gouged by a pneumatic milling cutter. And filling the back gouging groove after back gouging, and then carrying out heat treatment on the cylinder body to remove stress. And finally, grinding the surface of the welding line on the back surface of the embedded flange by using a pneumatic grinding wheel, wherein the surface is required to be smooth and not allowed to have bulges.
The welding wire HGH3039 comprises the following chemical components: c is less than or equal to 0.08, Cr: 19-22, Mo: 1.8-2.3, Al: 0.35 to 0.75, 0.35 to 0.75 of Ti, less than or equal to 3.0 of Fe, Nb: 0.9-1.3, Mn is less than or equal to 0.4, Si is less than or equal to 0.8, P is less than or equal to 0.020, S is less than or equal to 0.012, Cu is less than or equal to 0.2, and the balance is Ni.
Optionally, after step 202, the welding method may further include:
and shaping the cylinder by using a round expansion machine to enable the cylindricity of the cylinder to reach a third set value, wherein the third set value is smaller than the second set value.
In practical application, the cylinder body welded with the embedded flange is placed in a swelling machine, and the swelling is rounded to the required inner circle size. And then, respectively matching the two parts of the cylinder with the embedded flange, and welding the welding seam of the cylinder and the embedded flange by adopting electron beam welding after matching, thus primarily finishing the welding of the combustion chamber shell. By adopting the electron beam welding technology with smaller deformation, the welding deformation is reduced, and the control on the welding deformation is facilitated.
Step 203: and a welding tool is arranged in the cylinder body.
In this embodiment, the welding frock includes base, a plurality of supporting shoe and a plurality of voussoir, and a plurality of voussoir and a plurality of supporting shoe one-to-one correspond. The base comprises two annular plates and a connecting plate, the two annular plates are arranged oppositely, and the connecting plate is arranged between the two annular plates and is fixedly connected with the two annular plates. The annular plate is not provided with a plurality of bar-shaped guide grooves on the surface of the connecting plate, each bar-shaped guide groove extends along the radial direction of the annular plate from the outer ring of the annular plate, and the bar-shaped guide grooves correspond to the supporting blocks one to one. Each supporting block comprises an arch-shaped supporting part and a strip-shaped guide part, the first end of the strip-shaped guide part can be slidably arranged in the strip-shaped guide groove corresponding to the supporting block to which the strip-shaped guide part belongs, and the wedge block is clamped between the first end of the strip-shaped guide part and the side face of the strip-shaped guide groove opposite to the first end of the strip-shaped guide part, wherein the first end of the strip-shaped guide part comprises the supporting block corresponding to the wedge block. The second end vertical fixation of bar guide portion is on the plane of the bow-shaped supporting part that the supporting shoe that bar guide portion belongs to included, and the curved surface of bow-shaped supporting part offsets with the inner wall of barrel.
Optionally, the step 203 may include:
inserting the first ends of the strip-shaped guide parts of the support blocks into the strip-shaped guide grooves corresponding to the support blocks, wherein the first ends of the strip-shaped guide parts are attached to the side faces of the strip-shaped guide grooves opposite to the first ends of the strip-shaped guide parts;
placing the base in the barrel;
inserting a plurality of wedges between the first end of the strip-shaped guide part and the side surface of the strip-shaped guide groove opposite to the first end of the strip-shaped guide part;
and (3) sequentially and symmetrically knocking the plurality of wedge blocks by using a hammer, wherein the plurality of supporting blocks are abutted against the inner wall of the barrel.
In practical applications, the hammer may be made of copper or rubber.
Step 204: and an externally attached flange is welded outside the cylinder body.
Optionally, this step 204 may include:
sequentially and symmetrically forming a layer of welding layer on the external flange to enable the external flange to be welded in the cylinder body;
and measuring the temperature of the welding layer of the external flange, and sequentially and symmetrically forming a layer of welding layer on the external flange again when the temperature of the welding layer of the external flange is below the set temperature until the welding of the external flange is finished.
Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an external flange welding according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 13, in practical application, the combustion chamber housing 1100 is flatly placed on the assembly platform 1200, the welding tool 1300 and the combustion chamber housing 1100 are assembled and rounded, and the mounting position of the external flange 1400 on the combustion chamber housing is scribed with the external flange 1400.
Illustratively, argon arc welding can be adopted for welding, HGH3039 can be selected as a welding material, the diameter can be 2mm, direct current direct welding can be adopted for welding, the welding current can be 140-160A, the welding speed can be 18-20 cm/min, and the gas flow can be 15-20L/min.
In the welding process, the interlayer temperature needs to be strictly controlled, and multilayer and multi-pass welding is adopted. During welding, the workpiece is placed in a horizontal position for welding, symmetrical welding is kept as far as possible during welding, and each externally-attached flange is welded one layer by one layer and then welded the next layer. When the next layer is welded, a contact thermometer can be used for measuring the temperature of the welding layer, and the welding of the next layer can be started after the temperature is confirmed to be lower than 60 ℃.
And after welding is finished, keeping the assembly state of the tool for heat treatment, namely stress relief annealing. The annealing temperature can be 860 +/-10 ℃, the heat can be preserved for 4-6 hours, the annealing temperature is gradually cooled to 300 ℃ along with the furnace, and the annealing temperature is discharged from the furnace and air-cooled to the room temperature.
Step 205: and (5) removing the welding tool from the cylinder.
Optionally, the step 205 may include:
knocking the annular plate by using a hammer, wherein the supporting blocks are far away from the inner wall of the cylinder body;
sequentially and symmetrically removing the wedges from the supporting blocks corresponding to the wedges;
sequentially and symmetrically removing the supporting blocks from the strip-shaped guide grooves corresponding to the supporting blocks;
and (4) moving the base out of the cylinder.
And the structural parts of the combustion chamber shell are completely manufactured.
By the method, the cylindricity of the combustion chamber shell can be guaranteed to be within 2 mm.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A method of welding a gas turbine combustor casing, the method comprising:
providing a cylinder body;
form one deck solder layer in proper order the symmetry on the embedded flange, make embedded flange welding is in the barrel, adopt argon arc to weld and weld, it is HGH3039 to weld the material, welds the chemical composition of material: c is less than or equal to 0.08 percent, Cr: 19-22%, Mo: 1.8-2.3%, Al: 0.35-0.75%, Ti 0.35-0.75%, Fe less than or equal to 3.0%, Nb: 0.9-1.3% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.4% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.8% of Si, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.012% of S, less than or equal to 0.2% of Cu and the balance of Ni, wherein the diameter of a welding material is 2mm, the welding material adopts a direct current direct connection method, the welding current is 140-160A, the welding speed is 18-20 cm/min, the gas flow is 15-20L/min, and when the embedded flanges are welded, arc-shaped supporting blocks are added on the back surfaces of the embedded flanges to support the embedded flanges;
measuring the temperature of a welding layer of the embedded flange by using a contact thermometer, sequentially and symmetrically forming a welding layer on the embedded flange again when the temperature of the welding layer of the embedded flange is lower than 60 ℃, performing back gouging on the back surface of the embedded flange by using a pneumatic milling cutter after an excircle groove of the embedded flange is completely filled in the process of forming the welding layer, performing back gouging and then filling the back gouging groove, performing heat treatment on the cylinder body, removing stress, and polishing the surface of the back weld of the embedded flange by using a pneumatic grinding wheel;
installing a welding tool in the cylinder; the welding tool comprises a base, a plurality of supporting blocks and a plurality of wedges, wherein the wedges correspond to the supporting blocks one by one; the base comprises two annular plates and a connecting plate, the two annular plates are oppositely arranged, and the connecting plate is arranged between the two annular plates and is fixedly connected with the two annular plates; a plurality of strip-shaped guide grooves are formed in the surface, not provided with the connecting plate, of the annular plate, each strip-shaped guide groove extends from the outer ring of the annular plate along the radial direction of the annular plate, and the strip-shaped guide grooves correspond to the support blocks one by one; each supporting block comprises an arch-shaped supporting part and a strip-shaped guide part, the first end of each strip-shaped guide part is slidably arranged in the strip-shaped guide groove corresponding to the supporting block to which the strip-shaped guide part belongs, and the wedge block is clamped between the first end of the strip-shaped guide part included in the supporting block corresponding to the wedge block and the side face of the strip-shaped guide groove opposite to the first end of the strip-shaped guide part; the second end of the strip-shaped guide part is vertically fixed on the plane of an arched supporting part included by a supporting block to which the strip-shaped guide part belongs, and the curved surface of the arched supporting part is abutted against the inner wall of the cylinder body;
the welding tool further comprises a plurality of cover plates, and the cover plates correspond to the supporting blocks one by one; each cover plate is arranged on the supporting block corresponding to the cover plate and is fixed on the surface of the annular plate provided with the plurality of strip-shaped guide grooves;
each cover plate is provided with four base fixing screw holes, two pin positioning holes and a supporting block fixing screw hole, the supporting block fixing screw holes are formed in the center of the cover plate and are communicated with the supporting blocks in the strip-shaped guide grooves, the four base fixing screw holes are respectively formed in two ends of strip-shaped areas, located on two sides of the supporting blocks, of the cover plate, the two pin positioning holes are respectively formed in the centers of the strip-shaped areas, located on two sides of the supporting blocks, of the cover plate, the four base fixing screw holes and the two pin positioning holes are communicated with the annular plate, and the annular plate is correspondingly provided with screw holes and through holes;
welding an externally attached flange outside the cylinder;
and removing the welding tool from the cylinder.
2. The welding method of claim 1, wherein installing a welding fixture within the barrel comprises:
inserting first ends of the strip-shaped guide parts of the plurality of supporting blocks into the strip-shaped guide grooves corresponding to the supporting blocks, wherein the first ends of the strip-shaped guide parts are attached to the side surfaces of the strip-shaped guide grooves opposite to the first ends of the strip-shaped guide parts;
placing the base within the barrel;
inserting the plurality of wedges between the first end of the strip-shaped guide part and the side face of the strip-shaped guide groove opposite to the first end of the strip-shaped guide part;
and using a hammer to sequentially and symmetrically knock the wedge blocks, wherein the supporting blocks are abutted against the inner wall of the cylinder body.
3. The welding method of claim 2, wherein said removing said welding tooling from within said barrel comprises:
knocking the annular plate by using a hammer, wherein the supporting blocks are far away from the inner wall of the cylinder body;
sequentially and symmetrically removing the wedges from the supporting blocks corresponding to the wedges;
sequentially and symmetrically removing the supporting blocks from the strip-shaped guide grooves corresponding to the supporting blocks;
removing the base from within the barrel.
4. The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the providing of the cylinder comprises:
providing at least two plates;
rolling the at least two flat plates into a circular arc-shaped plate by using a plate rolling machine;
welding the at least two arc-shaped plates together end to end in sequence to form a cylinder;
correcting the cylinder by using a plate bending machine to enable the cylindricity of the cylinder to reach a first set value;
and shaping the barrel by using a swelling machine to enable the cylindricity of the barrel to reach a second set value, wherein the second set value is smaller than the first set value.
5. The welding method of claim 4, further comprising:
and after the embedded flange is welded in the cylinder, shaping the cylinder by using a swelling machine to ensure that the cylindricity of the cylinder reaches a third set value, wherein the third set value is smaller than the second set value.
6. The welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the welding of the externally attached flange to the outside of the cylinder comprises:
sequentially and symmetrically forming a layer of welding layer on the externally attached flange, so that the externally attached flange is welded in the cylinder body;
and measuring the temperature of the welding layer of the externally-attached flange, and when the temperature of the welding layer of the externally-attached flange is below a set temperature, sequentially and symmetrically forming a layer of welding layer on the externally-attached flange again until the welding of the externally-attached flange is finished.
7. The welding method according to claim 1, wherein an angle between a side surface of the strip-shaped guide groove (111 a) opposite to the first end of the strip-shaped guide portion (122) and a bottom surface of the strip-shaped guide groove (111 a) is equal to an inclination angle of the wedge (13).
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