CN111014866A - Brazing method for wear-resistant sheet - Google Patents
Brazing method for wear-resistant sheet Download PDFInfo
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- CN111014866A CN111014866A CN201911344629.7A CN201911344629A CN111014866A CN 111014866 A CN111014866 A CN 111014866A CN 201911344629 A CN201911344629 A CN 201911344629A CN 111014866 A CN111014866 A CN 111014866A
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- Prior art keywords
- brazing
- wear
- induction
- resistant
- filler metal
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/002—Soldering by means of induction heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/04—Heating appliances
- B23K3/047—Heating appliances electric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/04—Heating appliances
- B23K3/047—Heating appliances electric
- B23K3/0475—Heating appliances electric using induction effects, e.g. Kelvin or skin effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a wear-resistant sheet brazing method, which adopts high-frequency induction heating and comprises the following steps: 1) cleaning the brazing surface; 2) placing the brazing surface horizontally, scattering brazing filler metal and brazing flux, and then placing wear-resistant sheets; 3) induction heating is carried out by utilizing two parallel induction tubes on the induction ring corresponding to the brazing surface, wherein the induction tubes are 5-15mm above the brazing surface, the induction current is 20-30A, the voltage is 400-600V, and the frequency is 100-400 KHz; 4) when the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux are melted, adjusting high-frequency induced current, preserving heat, and applying pressure on the wear-resisting sheet by using a pressing rod; 5) and after the heat preservation is carried out for 10-15s, the power is cut off, and the pressure is kept for 5-10s until the brazing filler metal is solidified. The method is suitable for brazing the wear-resistant plate of the matrix with a complex shape, the brazing efficiency of the wear-resistant plate is high, the quality is good, no pollution is caused, and the ideal combination of the double performances of the matrix and the wear-resistant plate is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention is applied to the field of manufacturing of composite wear-resistant parts, particularly relates to a production method of a brazing wear-resistant sheet, and is particularly suitable for brazing the wear-resistant sheet and a base body of the composite wear-resistant part.
Background
The wear-resistant parts are indispensable spare parts in machinery in various industries, and the consumption of the wear-resistant parts reaches more than 2 ten thousand tons every year. According to different wear-resistant working conditions, the wear-resistant materials can be selected from different materials such as steel, ceramics, rubber and the like. For metal wear-resistant materials, generally, the hardness is high and the wear resistance is good, but the brittleness is high, the toughness is low, and the brittle fracture is easy, so the wear resistance and the toughness become two irreconcilable performances. With the development of technology, in order to reduce cost, the bimetal composite wear-resistant material becomes the mainstream of wear-resistant industry, and therefore, various bimetal composite methods such as casting, welding, extrusion, interference assembly, mechanical connection and the like are developed.
FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of agricultural subsoiler I and II products, which are both made of alloy cast steel matrix and hard alloy, and are required to be made of hard alloy on the surfaces with the most serious wear, such as surface A, surface B, surface C and surface D shown in FIG. 1 and surface a, surface B, surface C and surface D shown in FIG. 2, so as to improve the wear resistance of the agricultural subsoiler. The alloy cast steel has good toughness and comprehensive mechanical property after heat treatment, the hard alloy has good wear resistance, and the combination of the alloy cast steel and the hard alloy can improve the wear resistance and impact toughness of the subsoiler, meet the working condition of the subsoiler and greatly improve the service life of the subsoiler.
Because of the position limitation of the hard alloy and the shape limitation of the workpiece, the product is mostly produced by adopting a casting mode, namely, the hard alloy is placed in a casting cavity in advance, then alloy cast steel metal liquid is poured, and heat treatment is carried out after the alloy cast steel metal liquid is formed. This production method has the following disadvantages: 1) the production efficiency is low because the hard alloy is difficult to place and fix; 2) the impact of molten metal during pouring can cause the hard alloy to shift, the rejection rate is high, the waste of the hard alloy is serious, and the production cost is high; 3) the heat treatment of alloyed cast steel affects the properties of the cemented carbide.
In order to solve the above problems, it is preferable to adopt a brazing method, which is a welding method in which a brazing filler metal lower than the melting point of a workpiece and the workpiece are heated to the melting temperature of the brazing filler metal at the same time, and then the gap of a solid workpiece is filled with a liquid brazing filler metal to connect the metals. For iron-based materials, brazing is mostly adopted in the brazing process, commonly used brazing filler metals include copper-based, silver-based, aluminum-based, nickel-based and other alloys, and commonly used brazing flux agents include borax, boric acid, chlorides, fluorides and the like. In the brazing process, under the action of brazing flux, the components of the brazing filler metal are diffused to the base metal, and after cooling, the two iron-based alloys are bonded together. The deep scarification shovel brazes the hard alloy sheet at the required position after the alloy cast steel is subjected to heat treatment, so that the alloy cast steel casting is simple in modeling, high in casting yield and low in production cost, the hard alloy sheet is not wasted, and the cost of the precious hard alloy material is also reduced. However, the traditional brazing method has low production efficiency, and the mechanical properties of the alloy cast steel are influenced by high-temperature heating in the brazing heating process. In the case of the subsoiler of figures 1 and 2, the brazed surfaces cannot be simultaneously plane due to the irregularities of their shape, making the integral heat brazing of the alloy cast steel impossible.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the method for brazing the wear-resistant sheet can be used for quickly heating and brazing the local plane, can weld the wear-resistant sheet with a complex shape and different plane positions, has high welding efficiency, and does not influence the performance of matrix alloy cast steel.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the wear-resistant plate brazing adopts high-frequency induction heating, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) cleaning the brazing surface; 2) placing the brazing surface horizontally, spreading brazing filler metal and brazing flux, and then placing wear-resistant pieces, wherein the thickness of the wear-resistant pieces is 2-7 mm; 3) induction heating is carried out by utilizing two parallel induction tubes on the induction ring corresponding to the brazing surface, wherein the induction tubes are 5-15mm above the brazing surface, the induction current is 10-30A, the voltage is 400-600V, and the frequency is 100-400 KHz; 4) when the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux are melted, adjusting the high-frequency induction current to be 5-10A, preserving heat, and applying pressure on the wear-resistant sheet by using a ceramic pressing rod, wherein the pressure is not less than 1 kgf; 5) and after the heat preservation is carried out for 10-15s, the induction coil is powered off, and the pressure is kept for 5-10s until the brazing filler metal is solidified.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is suitable for brazing the wear-resistant plate of the matrix with a complex shape, the brazing efficiency of the wear-resistant plate is high, the quality is good, no pollution is caused, and the ideal combination of the double performances of the matrix and the wear-resistant plate is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a subsoiler I;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a subsoiler II;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an induction coil I;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an induction coil II;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of brazing of surface A of a subsoiler I;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a C-side braze of a subsoiler I;
in the figure: 1-basal body, 2-wear-resistant sheet, 3-induction coil and 4-pressing rod.
Detailed Description
Example 1.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a subsoiler I with wear pads brazed to two inclined surfaces A and B of its head, and wear pads welded to the C and D surfaces of its side wings. When the wear-resistant sheet is brazed on the inclined plane B, the plane B is placed horizontally, and the conventional brazing process can be adopted to finish the welding of the wear-resistant sheet. When the wear-resistant sheet on the other inclined plane A is brazed, the plane A is placed horizontally, the plane B is an inclined plane, and in the heating process of brazing the wear-resistant sheet on the plane A, the brazing filler metal of the wear-resistant sheet brazed on the plane B is easily melted and flows along the inclined plane, so that the brazing of the wear-resistant sheet on the plane B fails.
This embodiment adopts the quick surface heating of high frequency induction, adopts the single circle induction coil as shown in figure 3, if the rate of heating can not satisfy the requirement, can adopt the double-circle induction coil as shown in figure 4, and the heating main points of two kinds of induction coils are, utilize with the corresponding induction tube heating that two are parallel to each other of heating surface.
As shown in figure 5, after brazing the wear-resistant sheet on the surface B, the wear-resistant sheet is brazed on the surface A, and the thickness of the wear-resistant sheet is generally 2-7 mm. Firstly, an alloy cast steel matrix 1 is placed on a special tool, a surface A is made to be horizontal, copper brazing filler metal and boric acid brazing flux are scattered on the welding position of the surface A, and then wear-resistant pieces 2 are placed. And the high-frequency induction coil 3 is positioned 5-15mm above the surface A, the surface A and the wear-resistant block 2 are heated by electrifying induction, when the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux are melted, a pressure bar 4 is adopted to apply pressure to the wear-resistant sheet, the induction coil is cooled off after a certain time, and the brazing is finished. The brazing steps and parameters are as follows:
1) polishing and cleaning the surfaces of brazing such as the surface A and the wear-resistant sheet;
2) the surface A is placed horizontally, brazing filler metal and brazing flux are scattered, and then the wear-resistant sheet 2 is placed;
3) two parallel induction tubes corresponding to the surface A on the induction coil 3 are used for induction heating of the surface A, the induction tubes are 5-15mm above the surface A, the current is 20-30A, the voltage is 400-600V, and the frequency is 100-400 KHz during heating;
4) when the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux are melted, adjusting high-frequency induction current to be 5-10A, preserving heat, applying pressure on the wear-resistant sheet 2 by using a pressing rod 4, wherein the pressure is not less than 1kgf, and the pressing rod 4 is preferably made of ceramic materials;
5) and after the heat is preserved for 10-15s, the induction coil is powered off, the pressure is kept for 5-10s until the brazing filler metal is solidified, and the brazing is finished.
The same method and procedure were followed to braze the C-side and D-side wear pads as shown in fig. 6. Because the different frock, a side A and B braze and adopt a frock and a high frequency machine, C side and D braze and use another frock and another high frequency machine, adopt two stations to braze like this, can accelerate the work efficiency of brazing. In the embodiment, the brazing of the wear-resistant plate only needs 30-45 seconds, the efficiency is improved by 6-10 times compared with the time of 3-5min for brazing the alloy cutter head in the traditional method, and the brazing of the wear-resistant plates on the two sides of A, B is about 1.5 min; C. d, the brazing time of the wear-resistant pieces on the two surfaces is less than 2min, and the time comprises the operation time, so that 4 wear-resistant pieces brazed by the sub-soiling shovel I is less than 2min, and the method is short in brazing time and high in production efficiency.
Due to high-frequency induction local surface heating, when the wear-resistant plate on the surface A is subjected to brazing heating, the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux on the surface B are not melted, and the wear-resistant plate on the surface B still keeps a welded state, so that the method can realize single-plate brazing of adjacent wear-resistant plates. Because the high-frequency heating and welding speed is high, the performance of the base alloy cast steel and the wear-resistant plate is not influenced, and the hardness of the base alloy cast steel and the wear-resistant plate near brazing is not changed by detecting the hardness. Through metallographic examination, the metallographic structures of the interface matrix and the wear-resistant sheet are unchanged, and the ideal unification of the toughness and the wear resistance is obtained. And carrying out destructive detection on the sample, cutting the sample from the middle longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the wear-resistant sheet by using a grinding wheel, cleaning and detecting a brazing interface after dilute acid corrosion. All brazing interfaces are filled with copper, no gap exists, and the brazing quality is good.
The method has the advantages of local heating, no air flow, good working environment, no pollution and no physical injury to operators. The method has the advantages of rapid heating and low energy consumption.
Example 2.
Fig. 2 is a schematic product diagram of a subsoiler ii, the welding position of a wear-resistant plate of the subsoiler ii is substantially the same as that of the subsoiler i, and the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the tooling used is different due to the difference of the shape and size of the subsoiler, and the induction heating parameters are substantially consistent with the brazing process.
The two subsoilers are supplied in small batches, the mechanical property and the service life of the two subsoilers meet the requirements, the product has reliable brazing performance, and the products do not receive poor feedback of abrasion-resistant sheet peeling, cracks, non-abrasion resistance and the like of users, and are evaluated as high-quality suppliers by customers.
The brazing method for the wear-resistant sheet is simple in process, low in skill requirement on operators, good in brazing quality, capable of meeting the requirement of mass industrial production, and capable of achieving automatic production of the brazing of the wear-resistant sheet after a mechanical arm is introduced. The brazing method is particularly suitable for the conditions that the shape of a matrix is complex, and a plurality of inclined planes need to be brazed with wear-resistant sheets.
Claims (2)
1. A wear-resistant sheet brazing method adopts high-frequency induction heating and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: 1) cleaning the brazing surface; 2) placing the brazing surface horizontally, scattering brazing filler metal and brazing flux, and then placing the wear-resistant sheet (2); 3) induction heating is carried out by utilizing induction tubes which are arranged on the induction coil (3) and are parallel to each other and correspond to the brazing surface, the induction tubes are 5-15mm above the brazing surface, the induction current is 20-30A, the voltage is 400-600V, and the frequency is 100-400 KHz; 4) when the brazing filler metal and the brazing flux are melted, adjusting the high-frequency induction current to be 5-10A, preserving the heat, and applying pressure on the wear-resistant sheet (2) by using a ceramic pressing rod (4), wherein the pressure is not less than 1 kgf; 5) and after the heat preservation is carried out for 10-15s, the induction coil is powered off, and the pressure is kept for 5-10s until the brazing filler metal is solidified.
2. A method of brazing a wear plate according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the wear-resistant sheet (2) is 2-7 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911344629.7A CN111014866A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Brazing method for wear-resistant sheet |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911344629.7A CN111014866A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Brazing method for wear-resistant sheet |
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| CN111014866A true CN111014866A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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| CN201911344629.7A Pending CN111014866A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Brazing method for wear-resistant sheet |
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