CN111010179B - Signal compensation calibration method and system - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
- H03M1/10—Calibration or testing
- H03M1/1009—Calibration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
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Abstract
The invention relates to a signal compensation calibration method and system, and belongs to the technical field of signal processing. The method comprises the steps of dividing a received signal into two paths, directly sampling a first path of signal to obtain a first sampling signal, carrying out high-pass filtering on a second path of signal, and then sampling to obtain a second sampling signal, wherein a normal signal is filtered out of the second sampling signal, and only an interference signal is reserved; then, carrying out phase compensation on the first sampling signal to make the phases of the two paths of sampling signals equal; and finally, carrying out difference processing on the first sampling signal and the second sampling signal after phase compensation, and determining a signal after compensation calibration according to the difference value. Through the process, the invention can filter out the high-frequency noise with the highest amplitude, so that the sampling precision of the signal can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a signal compensation calibration method and system, and belongs to the technical field of signal processing.
Background
In recent years, with the development of optoelectronic technology, microelectronic technology and optical fiber communication technology, electronic transformers are rapidly developed, and a few products are applied to the field of transformer substations. In the process of outputting the analog small signal, the electronic transformer in the power system is extremely easy to be interfered by other high-frequency electromagnetic signals, so that misoperation of the system is easily caused by receiving an error signal. The current small signal voltage acquisition device is used for converting the received voltage analog quantity output by the electronic transformer into a digital signal after conditioning and filtering, and sending the digital signal to a process layer network through a merging unit and an exchanger for use by a digital protection measurement and control device. Because the analog quantity is a weak current signal and is limited by an installation place, the analog quantity is extremely easy to be interfered by a severe high-frequency electromagnetic environment of a transformer substation site, the current compensation calibration is to directly filter a received signal so as to filter interference, and because the interference of the high-frequency electromagnetic signal is very loaded, the interference signal is difficult to be completely filtered through a filter, so that a compensation calibration result is not ideal, further processing of subsequent signals is influenced, and even misjudgment of the signal is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a signal compensation calibration method and a system, which are used for solving the problem that the current signal compensation calibration result is not ideal.
The invention provides a signal compensation calibration method for solving the technical problems, which comprises the following steps:
1) Dividing an original signal into two paths, namely a first path of signal and a second path of signal;
2) High-pass filtering is carried out on the second path of signals, the signals after the high-pass filtering are sampled to obtain second sampling signals, and the first path of signals are sampled according to the same sampling frequency as the second sampling signals to obtain first sampling signals;
3) According to the phase change quantity before and after high-pass filtering and the sampling frequency of the first path of signals, carrying out phase compensation on the first sampling signals so that the phases of the two paths of sampling signals are equal;
4) And performing difference processing on the first sampling signal and the second sampling signal after phase compensation, and determining a signal after compensation calibration according to the difference value.
The method comprises the steps of dividing a received signal into two paths, directly sampling a first path of signal to obtain a first sampling signal, carrying out high-pass filtering on a second path of signal, and then sampling to obtain a second sampling signal, wherein a normal signal is filtered out of the second sampling signal, and only an interference signal is reserved; then, carrying out phase compensation on the first sampling signal to make the phases of the two paths of sampling signals equal; and finally, carrying out difference processing on the first sampling signal and the second sampling signal after phase compensation, and determining a signal after compensation calibration according to the difference value. Through the process, the invention can filter out the high-frequency noise with the highest amplitude, so that the sampling precision of the signal can be greatly improved.
Further, in order to ensure the accuracy of the second sampled signal, the method further includes amplifying the second signal after high-pass filtering and before sampling, and performing amplitude compensation processing on the second sampled signal before the difference processing, so that the amplitude of the second signal is equal to the amplitude of the second signal before the amplifying processing.
Further, in order to facilitate subsequent analysis of the noise signal, the method further includes performing time-frequency conversion on the second sampling signal to extract the noise signal.
Further, to improve the reliability of sampling, the method further includes performing overvoltage protection before sampling the second path of signal, and performing overvoltage protection before sampling the first path of signal.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a specific phase compensation size, and the number of sampling points N for translating the first sampling signal during phase compensation is as follows:
wherein delta theta is the phase change quantity before and after the high-pass filtering of the second path signal, f ADC The sampling frequency of the first sampling signal and the second sampling signal is f, and the frequency with the largest amplitude in the second sampling signal is f.
Further, in order to conveniently realize signal amplification, the amplification processing is realized by adopting a PGA circuit.
Further, in order to facilitate the subsequent processing of the signal, the step 4) is to perform time-frequency conversion on the obtained difference value to obtain a compensated and calibrated signal.
The invention also provides a signal compensation calibration system, which comprises a high-pass filter circuit, a first sampling circuit, a second sampling circuit, a phase compensation module and a difference solving module;
the input end of the first sampling circuit is used for connecting an original signal and resampling the original acquisition signal to obtain a first sampling signal, and the acquisition frequency of the first sampling circuit is equal to that of the second sampling circuit;
the input end of the high-pass filter circuit is used for connecting an original acquisition signal and carrying out high-pass filtering on the original acquisition signal;
the input end of the second sampling circuit is connected with the output end of the high-pass filter and is used for resampling the high-pass filtered signal to obtain a second sampling signal;
the phase compensation module is used for carrying out phase compensation on the first sampling signal according to the phase change quantity of the signal before and after passing through the high-pass filter circuit and the sampling frequency of the first sampling circuit, so that the phases of the second sampling signal and the phase-compensated first sampling signal are equal;
the difference calculating module is used for carrying out difference calculating on the second sampling signal and the first sampling signal after phase compensation, and determining the original signal after compensation and calibration according to the difference calculating result.
The method comprises the steps of dividing a received signal into two paths, directly sampling a first path of signal through a first sampling circuit to obtain a first sampling signal, carrying out high-pass filtering on a second path of signal through a high-pass filtering circuit and a second sampling circuit to obtain a second sampling signal, filtering a normal signal from the second sampling signal, and only retaining an interference signal; then, the signal compensation module is utilized to carry out phase compensation on the first sampling signal, so that the phases of the two paths of sampling signals are equal; and finally, carrying out difference processing on the first sampling signal and the second sampling signal after phase compensation, and determining a signal after compensation calibration according to the difference value. Through the process, the invention can filter out the high-frequency noise with the highest amplitude, so that the sampling precision of the signal can be greatly improved.
Further, the number of sampling points N of the phase compensation module for translating the first sampling signal during phase compensation is:
wherein delta theta is the phase change quantity before and after the high-pass filtering of the second path signal, f ADC The sampling frequency of the first sampling signal and the second sampling signal is f, and the frequency with the largest amplitude in the second sampling signal is f.
Further, the system also comprises an amplifying circuit and an amplitude compensation module, wherein the amplifying circuit is arranged between the high-pass filter circuit and the second sampling circuit and is used for amplifying signals passing through the high-pass filter circuit and before the second sampling circuit, and the amplitude compensation module is arranged between the second sampling circuit and the difference obtaining module and is used for carrying out amplitude compensation on the second sampling signals before the difference obtaining process so as to enable the second sampling signals to be equal to the signal amplitudes before the processing of the amplifying circuit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the signal compensation calibration of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an overvoltage protection circuit used in the signal compensation calibration process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings.
Embodiments of the Compensation calibration method
The signal compensation calibration method mainly aims at a small signal analog quantity in a high-frequency electromagnetic environment, and because the small signal analog quantity in the environment is easy to be subjected to high-frequency electromagnetic interference, the small signal analog quantity needs to be compensated and calibrated; then, carrying out phase compensation on the first sampling signal to make the phases of the two paths of sampling signals equal; and finally, carrying out difference processing on the first sampling signal and the second sampling signal after phase compensation, and determining a signal after compensation calibration according to the difference value. The specific process is shown in fig. 1, and the compensation calibration process of the present invention is described in detail below by taking a signal received by the small signal voltage acquisition device as an example.
1. The received analog signal is divided into a first path of signal and a second path of signal, and the received analog signal can be conditioned before being divided into two paths of signals, specifically, the received analog signal is realized through a conditioning circuit, so that the peak value of the received analog signal meets the input range of a subsequent sampling chip.
2. And carrying out high-pass filtering on the second path of signal, sampling the high-pass filtered signal to obtain a second sampling signal, and sampling the first path of signal according to the sampling frequency identical to that of the second sampling signal to obtain a first sampling signal.
For this embodiment, the high-pass filtering circuit is used to realize high-pass filtering on the second sampling signal, so as to block the low-frequency signal (the normal analog small signal) and only let the high-frequency signal (the electromagnetic interference signal) pass normally. The signal amplification is realized by a programmable gain amplification circuit (PGA), and other amplification circuits, such as a comparator, can be also adopted, the signal sampling is realized by an ADC sampling circuit (such as an ADC2 sampling circuit in fig. 1), the programmable gain amplification circuit is controlled by an amplification control module arranged in the FPGA, the amplification factor of the PGA circuit can be flexibly configured according to the magnitude of the second sampling signal, and the ADC sampling circuit is controlled by a sampling control module in the FPGA (such as an ADC sampling control module 2 in fig. 1).
The first path of signal can be directly sampled to obtain a first sampled signal, an ADC sampling circuit (such as an ADC1 sampling circuit in fig. 1) is also adopted, and the sampling rate is the same as that of the second path of signal in sampling, and the sampling control commands are synchronous. In order to ensure the safety of the two ADC sampling circuits, the overvoltage protection needs to be carried out on two paths of signals entering the two ADC sampling circuits, the two paths of signals can be realized through an overvoltage protection circuit 1 and an overvoltage protection circuit 2, and the specific circuit is shown in fig. 2 and comprises a current limiting resistor, a clamping diode and a TVS tube so as to limit the voltage amplitude of the analog quantity to the analog quantity input range allowed by the ADC sampling circuit, thereby playing the role of protecting the ADC sampling circuit. In order to facilitate subsequent processing, the obtained first sampling signal and second sampling signal can be respectively stored into an ADC1 sampling buffer area and an ADC2 sampling buffer area inside the FPGA.
3. And carrying out phase compensation on the first sampling signal according to the phase change quantity before and after high-pass filtering and the sampling frequency of the first path of signal, so that the phases of the two paths of sampling signals are equal.
The ADC1 sampling buffer area inside the FPGA stores a superposition value of normal analog small signals and high-frequency noise as a first sampling signal; storing a second sampling signal which is only a sampling value of high-frequency noise into an ADC2 sampling buffer area in the FPGA; although the sampling control commands of the two sampling circuits are synchronized, the second sampling signal is high-pass filtered, which results in a phase change of the signal, so that the sampling values of the first and second sampling signals are not synchronized and phase compensation is required.
In this embodiment, the phase compensation module is used to perform phase compensation on the first sampling signal, and the signal after the phase compensation is put into the ADC1 resampling data buffer. The phase compensation module needs to know the frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the second sampling signal, the phase change amount before and after high-pass filtering and the sampling frequency of the first sampling signal when performing phase compensation. The frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the second sampling signal can be obtained by performing time-frequency change on the second sampling signal, for example, fast Fourier Transform (FFT), and the frequency corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the second sampling signal can be determined by transforming the second sampling signal to the frequency, and is denoted as frequency f; the amount of phase change before and after high pass filtering can be determined from the high pass filter circuit transfer function. According to the above result, the number of sampling points N of the phase compensation module for translating the first sampling signal during phase compensation is:
wherein delta theta is the phase change quantity before and after the high-pass filtering of the second path signal, f ADC The sampling frequency of the first sampling signal and the second sampling signal is f, and the frequency with the largest amplitude in the second sampling signal is f.
4. And performing difference processing on the first sampling signal and the second sampling signal after phase compensation, and determining a signal after compensation calibration according to the difference value.
Because the second sampling signal is obtained after being amplified by the PGA circuit, before the difference is obtained, the amplitude compensation is needed to be carried out on the second sampling signal, the amplitude of the second sampling signal is restored to the amplitude before the amplification, the amplitude compensation can be realized by an amplitude compensation module arranged in the FPGA, and the second sampling signal after the amplitude compensation is put into an ADC2 original sampling buffer area. And (3) carrying out difference calculation on the first sampling signal after phase compensation and the second sampling signal after amplitude compensation, namely sending the sampling value in the ADC1 resampling data buffer area and the sampling value in the ADC2 original sampling buffer area into a difference calculation module, wherein the obtained signal is an analog small signal sampling value after high-frequency noise is filtered, and also carrying out fast Fourier transformation on a difference calculation result according to requirements, and taking the transformation result as a signal after compensation and calibration. Meanwhile, the data in the ADC2 sampling buffer area belongs to the high-frequency noise category and is a sampling value obtained by amplifying the noise amplitude, so that the noise extraction and analysis of a post-processor are facilitated.
Through the process, the invention can filter out the high-frequency noise with the largest amplitude, so that the sampling precision of the small signal analog quantity can be greatly improved, and the reliable guarantee is provided for the analysis of the subsequent signals.
Embodiments of a Compensation calibration System
The signal compensation calibration system comprises a high-pass filter circuit, a first sampling circuit, a second sampling circuit, a phase compensation module and a difference solving module; the input end of the first sampling circuit is used for connecting an original signal and resampling the original acquisition signal to obtain a first sampling signal, and the acquisition frequency of the first sampling circuit is equal to that of the second sampling circuit; the input end of the high-pass filter circuit is used for connecting an original acquisition signal and carrying out high-pass filtering on the original acquisition signal; the input end of the second sampling circuit is connected with the output end of the high-pass filter and is used for resampling the high-pass filtered signal to obtain a second sampling signal; the phase compensation module is used for carrying out phase compensation on the first sampling signal according to the phase variation of the signal before and after passing through the high-pass filter circuit and the sampling frequency of the first sampling circuit, so that the phases of the second sampling signal and the first sampling signal after phase compensation are equal; the difference calculating module is used for carrying out difference calculating on the second sampling signal and the first sampling signal after phase compensation, and determining an original signal after compensation and calibration according to a difference calculating result. The phase compensation module, the difference obtaining module and the two sampling circuits are all controlled by the FPGA, and the working process of the signal compensation calibration system is described in detail in the embodiment of the method, which is not described herein.
Claims (8)
1. A signal compensation calibration method, characterized in that the compensation calibration method comprises the steps of:
1) Dividing an original signal into two paths, namely a first path of signal and a second path of signal;
2) High-pass filtering is carried out on the second path of signals, the signals after the high-pass filtering are sampled to obtain second sampling signals, and the first path of signals are sampled according to the same sampling frequency as the second sampling signals to obtain first sampling signals;
3) According to the phase change quantity before and after high-pass filtering and the sampling frequency of the first path of signals, carrying out phase compensation on the first sampling signals, so that the phases of the two paths of sampling signals are equal, and the number of sampling points N for translating the first sampling signals during phase compensation is as follows:
wherein delta theta is the phase change quantity before and after the high-pass filtering of the second path signal, f ADC The sampling frequency of the first sampling signal and the second sampling signal is f is the frequency with the largest amplitude in the second sampling signal;
4) And performing difference processing on the first sampling signal and the second sampling signal after phase compensation, and determining a signal after compensation calibration according to the difference value.
2. The signal compensation calibration method of claim 1, further comprising amplifying the second signal after high pass filtering and before sampling, and performing amplitude compensation processing on the second sampled signal before the difference processing to make the amplitude of the second signal equal to the amplitude of the second signal before the amplifying processing.
3. A signal compensation calibration method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising performing a time-frequency transformation on the second sampled signal to effect extraction of the noise signal.
4. The signal compensation calibration method of claim 1, further comprising performing overvoltage protection prior to sampling the second signal and performing overvoltage protection prior to sampling the first signal.
5. The signal compensation calibration method according to claim 2, wherein the amplification process is implemented using a PGA circuit.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step 4) is to perform time-frequency conversion on the obtained difference value to obtain a compensated and calibrated signal.
7. The signal compensation calibration system is characterized by comprising a high-pass filter circuit, a first sampling circuit, a second sampling circuit, a phase compensation module and a difference solving module;
the input end of the first sampling circuit is used for connecting an original acquisition signal and resampling the original acquisition signal to obtain a first sampling signal, and the acquisition frequency of the first sampling circuit is equal to that of the second sampling circuit;
the input end of the high-pass filter circuit is used for connecting an original acquisition signal and carrying out high-pass filtering on the original acquisition signal;
the input end of the second sampling circuit is connected with the output end of the high-pass filter and is used for resampling the high-pass filtered signal to obtain a second sampling signal;
the phase compensation module is used for carrying out phase compensation on the first sampling signal according to the signal phase variation before and after passing through the high-pass filter circuit and the sampling frequency of the first sampling circuit, so that the phases of the second sampling signal and the first sampling signal after phase compensation are equal, and the number of sampling points N for translating the first sampling signal during phase compensation is as follows:
wherein delta theta is the phase change quantity before and after the high-pass filtering of the second path signal, f ADC The sampling frequency of the first sampling signal and the second sampling signal is f is the frequency with the largest amplitude in the second sampling signal;
the difference calculating module is used for carrying out difference calculating on the second sampling signal and the first sampling signal after phase compensation, and determining the original signal after compensation and calibration according to the difference calculating result.
8. The signal compensation calibration system of claim 7, further comprising an amplification circuit and an amplitude compensation module, wherein the amplification circuit is disposed between the high pass filter circuit and the second sampling circuit for amplifying the signal after passing through the high pass filter circuit and before the second sampling circuit, and wherein the amplitude compensation module is disposed between the second sampling circuit and the difference module for amplitude compensating the second sampled signal before the difference processing to be equal to the signal before the processing of the amplification circuit.
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