CN111009378A - High-strength parallel pulse magnet device - Google Patents
High-strength parallel pulse magnet device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111009378A CN111009378A CN201911327316.0A CN201911327316A CN111009378A CN 111009378 A CN111009378 A CN 111009378A CN 201911327316 A CN201911327316 A CN 201911327316A CN 111009378 A CN111009378 A CN 111009378A
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- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetism, and particularly discloses a high-strength parallel pulse magnet device which comprises a power module and a pulse magnet module; the pulse magnet module comprises a magnet unit, a support rod and two first reinforcing plates which are respectively arranged at two ends of the support rod; the magnet unit is arranged between the two first reinforcing plates and is electrically connected with the power supply module, and the support rods are arranged on the periphery of the magnet unit and are used for limiting and fixing the plate layers with different heights so as to enable the plate layers to be coaxial and not to generate relative displacement; the magnet unit is composed of n groups of magnet coils connected in parallel; when the pulse magnetic field induction device works, the parallel-connected magnet coils reduce the impedance of the pulse magnet module to 1/n of the original impedance under the condition that the number of turns of the coils is the same, so that pulse current with higher intensity is obtained, and a magnetic field with higher intensity is induced. The second reinforcing plate is used for axially separating the magnet units, so that the axial stress of the magnet units is shared, and the mechanical structure strength of the whole pulse magnet device is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetism, and particularly relates to a high-strength parallel pulse magnet device.
Background
With the continuous development of the high-intensity magnetic field technology, the engineering and scientific research carried out under the extreme environment makes great progress, but still has great development space. For example, in the field of electromagnetic forming, a larger electromagnetic force can be obtained by increasing the magnetic field strength, so that the forming efficiency of the material is improved, and in scientific experiments similar to high-intensity magnetic field X-ray diffraction, spallation neutron source research, condensed physical property observation and the like, the improvement of the magnetic field strength can greatly widen the physical property research range under extreme environments, and provides possibility for inducing substances to show various unusual properties. Therefore, further improvement of the magnetic field strength is still one of the important development directions of the future pulsed high-intensity magnetic field technology.
However, there are the following problems:
(1) in the pulse magnet at the present stage, a single wire is usually wound into a spiral tube, in order to obtain higher field intensity, the number of turns or the number of layers of a coil is often increased, but simultaneously, the impedance of the magnet is also obviously improved, the magnetic field peak value of the magnet cannot reach the expected intensity, the pulse width of discharge current is obviously widened due to the increase of loop damping, the generation of an eddy current effect in an electromagnetic forming process is not facilitated, the electromagnetic energy conversion rate is greatly influenced, and the range of physical property observation in scientific experiments is severely limited due to the insufficient magnetic field intensity. To solve such problems, the current method usually increases the capacity of the discharge capacitor, but this significantly increases the cost.
(2) The higher the magnetic field strength is, the higher the electromagnetic force borne by the magnet is, and the higher the requirement on the structural stability of the magnet is. In the pulse magnet of the present stage, the means for improving the structural strength of the magnet is usually to perform layered reinforcement to restrain the radial force of the coil outward. In fact, the central axis of the magnet is subjected to the largest strain, and particularly when the number of turns of the coil is increased and the overall structure of the magnet is heightened, the axial stress becomes more obvious.
Therefore, how to find a proper winding method to increase the number of the magnet windings and find an effective axial strengthening means to bear the strong electromagnetic force caused by the strong magnetic field while improving the magnetic field strength is a problem to be solved urgently in developing a high-strength high-stability pulse strong magnetic field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a high-strength parallel pulse magnet device which can significantly increase the peak value of the magnetic field of the pulse magnet compared with the conventional manner under the same discharge energy.
The invention provides a high-strength parallel pulse magnet device, which comprises a power module and a pulse magnet module; the pulse magnet module includes: the device comprises a magnet unit, a support rod and two first reinforcing plates which are respectively arranged at two ends of the support rod; the magnet unit is arranged between the two first reinforcing plates and is connected with the power supply module in parallel, and the supporting rods are arranged on the periphery of the magnet unit and are used for limiting and fixing the plate layers with different heights so as to enable the plate layers to be coaxial and not to generate relative displacement; the magnet unit is composed of n groups of magnet coils connected in parallel; when the pulse magnetic module works, the parallel-connected magnet coils reduce the impedance of the pulse magnet module to 1/n of the original impedance under the condition that the number of turns of the coils is the same, so that pulse current with higher intensity is obtained, and a magnetic field with higher intensity is induced; wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
Further, in the plurality of magnet coils, the larger the number of magnet coils, the smaller the impedance of the magnet unit, and the larger the magnetic field strength.
Furthermore, the second reinforcing plate is further included and used for axially separating the magnet units, sharing the axial stress of the magnet units and improving the structural strength.
Further, a hole is provided in the second reinforcing plate for the middle portion of the support rod to pass through.
Further, the number of the second reinforcing plates matches the number of the magnet coils.
Further, the magnet coil is formed by tightly winding a wire from the inside to the outside. Wherein, the wire can adopt high strength copper wire.
Furthermore, the plurality of magnet coils are reinforced in a layering and reinforcing mode to form a multi-layer and multi-turn spiral coil. The number of the second reinforcing plates for realizing layering is increased correspondingly with the number of the magnets connected in parallel, so that the deformation of the magnets is not too large to cause insulation damage inside the coil while the magnetic field intensity is improved.
Furthermore, when a large pulse current is applied to the plurality of magnet coils, a magnetic field is generated around the magnet coils, and the magnetic field inside the aperture of the magnet coils is maximized.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following technical advantages:
compared with the traditional mode of winding the pulse magnet in series, the invention provides the parallel winding mode, the impedance of the magnet is obviously reduced through branch shunting, and higher-strength pulse current is generated, so that a magnetic field with higher strength is induced.
Furthermore, the second reinforcing plate axially separates the magnet units, so that the axial stress of the magnet units is shared, and the mechanical structure strength of the whole pulse magnet device is improved.
Preferably, compared with the traditional pulse magnet single coil structure, the invention provides that the number of coils is increased, and each coil is in parallel connection, so that a multi-coil magnet structure is formed, the magnetic field intensity is improved, but the magnetic force of the magnet is increased due to the increase of the magnetic field intensity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-side structure of a high-strength parallel pulse magnet device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical discharge waveform.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a dual coil parallel magnet provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) a conventional single coil pulse discharge circuit is illustrated; (b) a schematic diagram of a double-coil parallel pulse discharge circuit; (c) pulse current waveforms in both coils; (d) pulse magnetic field waveforms generated by the two coils; wherein L1 represents a conventional coil and L2 represents a parallel coil.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the axial reinforcement of a dual coil parallel magnet provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) the coils of a conventional magnet are shown in cross-section; (b) a stress deformation schematic diagram of any single-layer coil; (c) a cross-sectional view of a magnet coil with an axial reinforcement plate; (d) and (3) a schematic diagram of the forced deformation of any single-layer coil with the axial reinforcing plate.
The reference numerals are explained below: 1 is a power module, 2 is a sample placement area, 3 is a first reinforcing plate, 4 is a support rod, 5 is a magnet coil, and 6 is a second reinforcing plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 shows a structure of a high-strength parallel pulse magnet device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and for convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, and detailed descriptions are as follows:
the invention provides a high-strength and high-efficiency parallel pulse magnet device, which reduces the impedance of a magnet by adopting a mode of parallel connection of magnet coils, generates larger pulse current under the condition of certain discharge voltage and improves the conversion efficiency of electromagnetic energy. Corresponding to the parallel coil structure, the axial strengthening plate between the magnets is further designed to vertically support the two coils, so that the axial stress in the middle of the coils is reduced. Effectively improving the structural strength of the magnet.
The high-strength parallel pulse magnet device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: a power module 1 and a pulse magnet module; wherein the pulse magnet module includes: two first reinforcing plates, one support rod and a plurality of groups of magnet coils 5; two ends of the supporting rod are respectively connected with two first reinforcing plates, the supporting rod is used for fixing reinforcing plate layers to provide supporting force in the vertical direction, and the two first reinforcing plates are fixed to enable the magnet coil to be clamped up and down to form a magnet outer framework with a stable mechanical structure; the multiple groups of magnet coils 5 are connected in parallel and then connected in parallel with the power supply module, and compared with the traditional series winding mode, the parallel winding mode can reduce the impedance of the pulse magnet module to 1/n of the impedance of the pulse magnet module under the condition of the same number of turns of coils, wherein n is the number of the groups of the magnet coils and is the number of parallel loops, so that pulse current with higher strength is obtained, and a magnetic field with higher strength is induced.
Compared with the traditional mode of winding the pulse magnet in series, the parallel winding mode provided by the invention can obviously reduce the impedance of the magnet and generate pulse current with higher intensity, thereby inducing a magnetic field with higher intensity.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to increase the magnetic field intensity, the number of turns of the magnet coil is doubled, the number of turns of the original N turns of the magnet coil is increased to 2N turns, and the magnet impedance Z in a series winding mode can be obtained by a circuit theoryA＝ZN+ZN＝2ZN… … (1), and parallel wound magnet impedance
Coil current
According to the formula (1), the formula (2) and the formula (3), the parallel winding method can increase the winding, the coil impedance is about one fourth of the original series connection method, under the same discharge voltage U or energy, the pulse width of the coil current I is reduced, the peak value is obviously increased, and the pulse magnetic field peak value directly related to the current is also obviously increased.
It is particularly pointed out that when the number of turns is increased more, the impedance of the magnet adopting the series winding mode is increased in proportion to the number of turns, and when n is the number of winding groups, the impedance of the corresponding magnet coil is increased to be n times of the original impedance, the current reduction is more remarkable, and the magnetic field is attenuated more quickly. And the parallel branch can be further added in the parallel winding mode, so that a plurality of groups of coil windings are connected in parallel at the same time, when n is the number of the coil groups, the impedance of the corresponding magnet coil is reduced to the original 1/n, and compared with the traditional series winding mode, the impedance of the magnet in a pulse discharge loop is effectively reduced, and the improvement of the magnetic field intensity is more obvious.
Therefore, the parallel winding method can effectively reduce the impedance of the magnet, accelerate the impulse response and obviously improve the peak intensity of the impulse magnetic field.
In the embodiment of the invention, the power supply module 1 is positioned outside the pulse magnet module and is connected with each group of parallel coils of the pulse magnet module in a parallel connection mode, the pulse magnet module is placed at the axis of the device, the top end and the bottom end of the pulse magnet module are respectively clamped by an upper first reinforcing plate 3 and a lower first reinforcing plate 3, each group of coils in parallel connection is separated by a second reinforcing plate 6, the support rod is positioned on the periphery of the magnet coil, the two ends of the support rod are fixedly connected with the first reinforcing plates 3, and the middle part of the support rod penetrates through the second reinforcing plates 6. As an embodiment of the present invention, the power module 1 includes a capacitor bank, and the capacitor bank supplies power to the power module 1, and the outgoing line is connected to the pulse magnet module by a parallel winding method.
The sample placement region 2 is a cylindrical axial space inside the central hole of the magnet, and is the region where the magnetic field is strongest.
The first reinforcing plate 3 is used for fixing the upper and lower end portions of the magnet unit, and bears the electromagnetic stress generated by the magnet unit in the pulse discharge process, thereby preventing the magnet unit from generating displacement and deformation.
The upper and lower two ends of the supporting rod 4 are respectively connected with the upper and lower two first reinforcing plates 3, the middle part of the supporting rod 4 passes through the second reinforcing plate 6 to play a role in fixing the horizontal plate layer, and the magnetic device framework with stable mechanical structure is formed together in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.
The magnetic coil 5 is formed by closely winding a lead from inside to outside, each layer is reinforced in a layering way through a layering reinforcement technology, finally, a plurality of layers and a plurality of turns of spiral coils are formed, after pulse large current is introduced, a magnetic field is generated around the coils, and the magnetic field inside the aperture is the largest. Wherein, the magnet coil can be formed by winding a high-strength copper wire.
The second reinforcing plate 6 is used for axially separating the magnet units in the pulse magnet module, so that the axial stress of the magnet units can be shared, and the structural strength of the device is improved.
To further illustrate the high-strength parallel pulse magnet device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the working principle of the high-strength parallel pulse magnet device will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows:
after the power module 1 discharges, a large pulse current is introduced into the magnet coil, and the waveform of the pulse current is shown in fig. 2. From the law of electromagnetic induction, the changing current in the magnet coils induces a magnetic field that changes with the same trend, creating a pulsed magnetic field around the magnet.
Compared with the traditional pulse magnet single coil structure, the invention provides that the number of coils is increased, and each coil is in parallel connection, so that a multi-coil magnet structure is formed, the magnetic field intensity is improved, but the magnetic force of the magnet is increased due to the increase of the magnetic field intensity.
As an embodiment of the present invention, taking the example of two magnet coils connected in parallel, the two magnet coils are structurally coaxial, and the coils are separated by an axial separation plate. In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the magnet is electrically connected, and the pulse power supply is connected with the pulse magnet through a line. A conventional magnet is formed by winding a wire as shown in fig. 3(a), and if a higher magnetic field is required, the conventional method is to increase the number of turns or layers of coils in series, which results in an increase in the impedance of the magnet, and the peak value of the corresponding magnet is also significantly reduced due to the broadening of the current pulse width caused by the increase in damping. The magnet of the invention is formed by connecting magnets in parallel, if a higher magnetic field is required to be obtained, under the condition of not changing the total length of the lead wires used by the magnet, as shown in fig. 3(b), a double-magnet parallel connection mode is adopted, the resistance and the inductance are both reduced to about one fourth of the original resistance, the pulse width of the current of the circuit is reduced and the peak value is increased due to the reduction of the impedance of the magnet, the peak value of the current flowing through the lead wires of the magnet is increased, and the corresponding magnetic field intensity is also increased. Fig. 3(c) and 3(d) illustrate the pulse current waveform and the pulse magnetic field waveform in the conventional series coil and the present parallel type double magnet coil, respectively, wherein L1 denotes the conventional coil and L2 denotes the parallel coil.
In the embodiment of the invention, the more the magnets are connected in parallel, the impedance of the magnets is reduced in multiples according to the circuit theory, the peak value of the pulse magnetic field is further increased, the pulse width is further reduced, and the number of the magnets connected in parallel can be reasonably designed according to the pulse magnetic field strength and the pulse width required by experiments in the actual design process. As shown in fig. 2, when a pulse magnet generates a strong magnetic field after pulse current is applied to the pulse magnet, the magnet is also subjected to huge electromagnetic force, and particularly, when a high-field magnet is used, the stress of a wire exceeds a physical limit, so that the stress needs to be shared by a reinforcing material, as shown in fig. 4(a), the traditional magnetic flux generally adopts a layered reinforcing technology to reinforce the magnet, namely, in the process of winding the wire from inside to outside, a layer of high-strength insulating material, such as firewood or glass fiber, is wound in two layers of coils every time when the layers of the wire are changed, and the larger the winding thickness is, the stronger the structural strength of the magnet is. However, only radial reinforcement is considered in this design, and in the actual discharging process, due to the extrusion of the axial electromagnetic force, the inner midplane is also subjected to a large stress strain, fig. 4(b) shows a force-bearing deformation diagram of any single-layer coil in the magnet discharging process, and as the height of the coil is increased, the deformation of the magnet caused by the axial electromagnetic force is more obvious.
In the embodiment of the invention, the two parallel coils are provided with the axial reinforcing plate between the parallel coils, so that the axial electromagnetic force of each group of coils is buffered. Fig. 4(c) shows a sectional view of a magnet coil with an axial reinforcing plate, in which the axial electromagnetic force of the coil is converted into the reinforcing plate, so as to avoid the problem that the deformation amount of the middle part of the magnet is too large due to the fact that the axial force is totally accumulated to the middle part of the magnet unit because of too long coil, and fig. 4(d) shows a stress deformation diagram of any single-layer coil with the axial reinforcing plate, so that it can be seen that the axial reinforcing plate transfers the maximum strain position of the middle plane, and correspondingly reduces the accumulated length of the axial stress strain, so that the overall deformation of the magnet is reduced.
The high-strength parallel pulse magnet device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to various physical property measurement experiments in an electromagnetic forming process or a high-intensity magnetic field environment, for example, a high-strength and high-stability high-intensity magnetic field environment is provided for various scientific experiments such as X-ray diffraction, spallation neutron source research and condensed physical property observation, and the like, and is specifically arranged as follows:
determining a sample material object to be researched, and magnetic field strength and pulse width required in related research experiments, calculating the number of turns and windings of a required coil, and generating a pulse strong magnetic field with specified parameters: for example, the novel Weyl semimetal TaP is used for conducting corner electric transportation research under a strong magnetic field, in order to observe relevant quantum-limited transportation characteristics, the magnetic field strength needs to reach at least 65T, and the pulse rising edge width is usually within 10-20 ms. The pulse magnet can be formed by winding copper wires with 3.2 x 4.71mm cross sections into two spiral coils with 9 turns in each layer and 11 layers in total and 99 turns in each layer, wherein the two spiral coils are connected in parallel, the charging voltage of the charger is 18kV, and the capacitance is 3.2 mF.
In the embodiment of the invention, a high-performance conductor material (preferably a multilayer stranded wire composite conductor material) and an interlayer reinforcing material (preferably a Zylon fiber) can be selected and tightly wound on a device framework from inside to outside to form a pulse magnet, the wire inlet ends of all coil windings are connected to form a current introducing node of a parallel structure, the wire outlet ends of all coil windings are connected to form a current outlet node of the parallel structure, and thus a parallel current path is formed.
And selecting a proper sample rod according to the size of the sample material, and inserting the sample rod into the central hole of the magnet coil to perform a related physical property measurement experiment. In physical experiments of condensed state under strong pulsed magnetic field, the sample size is usually within 2mm, and the maximum radial length of the sample rod is usually within 10 mm.
The high-strength parallel pulse magnet structure provided by the invention improves the peak value of the magnetic field strength, solves the problem of magnet impedance increase caused by the increase of the number of turns of the coil by a parallel winding method, solves the problem of magnet structure deformation caused by the increase of electromagnetic force caused by the increase of the magnetic field strength by inserting the separation reinforcing plate between the parallel coils, and provides a pulse high-strength magnetic field device with high magnetic field strength and stable magnet structure for related scientific experiments.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high-strength parallel pulse magnet device is characterized by comprising a power module and a pulse magnet module;
the pulse magnet module includes: the device comprises a magnet unit, a support rod and two first reinforcing plates which are respectively arranged at two ends of the support rod; the magnet unit is arranged between the two first reinforcing plates and is electrically connected with the power supply module, and the support rods are arranged on the periphery of the magnet unit and are used for limiting and fixing the plate layers with different heights so as to enable the plate layers to be coaxial and not to generate relative displacement;
the magnet unit is composed of n groups of magnet coils connected in parallel; when the pulse magnetic module works, the parallel-connected magnet coils reduce the impedance of the pulse magnet module to 1/n of the original impedance under the condition that the number of turns of the coils is the same, so that pulse current with higher intensity is obtained, and a magnetic field with higher intensity is induced.
2. A high strength parallel pulse magnet apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in n sets of magnet coils (5), the greater the number of magnet coils, the smaller the impedance of the magnet unit, the greater the magnetic field strength.
3. A high strength parallel pulsed magnet apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pulsed magnet apparatus further comprises: a second reinforcing plate (6); the second reinforcing plate (6) is used for axially separating the magnet units, sharing the axial stress of the magnet units and improving the structural strength.
4. A high strength parallel pulse magnet apparatus according to claim 3, wherein holes are provided in said second reinforcing plate (6) for the middle portions of said support rods to pass through.
5. A high strength parallel pulse magnet apparatus according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the number of said second reinforcing plates (6) matches the number of sets of magnet coils (5).
6. A high strength parallel pulse magnet apparatus according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the magnet coils (5) are formed by wire wound tightly from the inside out.
7. A high strength parallel pulse magnet apparatus according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the n sets of magnet coils (5) are layer-consolidated by layer-consolidation to form a multi-layered multi-turn helical coil.
8. A high strength parallel pulsed magnet apparatus according to claim 7, wherein when a pulsed high current is passed through n sets of magnet coils (5), a magnetic field is generated around the magnet coils, the magnetic field inside the bore of the magnet coils being at a maximum.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110635655A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-31 | 贵州航天天马机电科技有限公司 | Multistage coil driving device |
| CN114156081A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-08 | 华中科技大学 | Reinforcing method and reinforcing structure of high-field pulse magnet |
| US20220221539A1 (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2022-07-14 | Huazhong University Of Science And Technology | Pulse magnet device based on magnetic flux compression, and high-flux measurement method |
| CN117877833A (en) * | 2024-01-26 | 2024-04-12 | 华中科技大学 | Quick-cooling high-field flat-top pulse magnet |
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| CN103000338A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-03-27 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | High-voltage saturable pulse transformer serving as multi-way synchronous magnetic switch |
| CN103839650A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-04 | 南京农业大学 | Pulsed high magnetic field device and magnetic body manufacturing method |
| CN110136937A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-08-16 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of support construction of Split type pulse magnet coil |
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| CN102983773A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-03-20 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | All-solid-state Marx generator with saturable pulse transformer substituting for gas switch |
| CN103000338A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-03-27 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | High-voltage saturable pulse transformer serving as multi-way synchronous magnetic switch |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110635655A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-31 | 贵州航天天马机电科技有限公司 | Multistage coil driving device |
| US20220221539A1 (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2022-07-14 | Huazhong University Of Science And Technology | Pulse magnet device based on magnetic flux compression, and high-flux measurement method |
| US11493581B2 (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2022-11-08 | Huazhong University Of Science And Technology | Pulse magnet device based on magnetic flux compression, and high-flux measurement method |
| CN114156081A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-08 | 华中科技大学 | Reinforcing method and reinforcing structure of high-field pulse magnet |
| CN114156081B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-07-12 | 华中科技大学 | Reinforcing method and reinforcing structure of high-field pulse magnet |
| CN117877833A (en) * | 2024-01-26 | 2024-04-12 | 华中科技大学 | Quick-cooling high-field flat-top pulse magnet |
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