CN111008440A - Method for comprehensively balancing five properties and performance based on ideal solution - Google Patents
Method for comprehensively balancing five properties and performance based on ideal solution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of five-property design, and relates to a five-property and performance comprehensive balancing method based on an ideal solution. The scheme with the minimum difference from the ideal scheme and the maximum difference from the negative ideal scheme is selected as the optimal scheme, and the multi-person multi-professional group decision of the functions and the five-sex can be realized by the method; by the method, the comprehensive balance between the five properties and the performance in the comprehensive design process of the novel equipment is realized, the decision mechanism depending on experience at present is solved, the continuous optimization of the development process is ensured, and a method which is in line with the engineering practice and has a good effect is provided for the optimization of multiple schemes of key systems and equipment of the helicopter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of five-property design, and relates to a five-property and performance comprehensive balancing method based on an ideal solution.
Background
The novel equipment has the advantages that requirements on performance and five properties (reliability, safety, maintainability, testability and supportability) are high, design parameters are high, coupling relations are complex, coupling and conflict exist in the performance and five property characteristic realization, in the process of realizing the novel equipment five properties and performance requirements, balancing comparison and optimization are needed aiming at multiple technical schemes (including original schemes and improved schemes) generated in the development process, and finally the whole development process is guaranteed to develop according to the optimization direction. Although the requirement of comprehensive balancing of five characteristics and multiple performance factors in equipment development is vigorous, the data sources and the forms of the equipment are various, and due to the limitation of a prediction method, the evaluation of parameters has certain uncertainty, so that the index is soft, the comprehensive balancing is difficult to effectively influence, the current decision is excessively dependent on the experience of the previous model, and the scientificity of balancing decision is not really realized.
In the comprehensive design process of models, quantitative evaluation on a plurality of existing design schemes is always a serious difficulty in the comprehensive weighing process based on the satisfaction degree of the design schemes on the five-character and performance requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: a method for comprehensively balancing the five properties and the performance based on an ideal solution is provided, so that the technical problem of decision-making according to experience in a plurality of current design schemes is solved, and the scientificity of the balancing decision-making is improved.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a combined five-property and performance balancing method based on an ideal solution comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting key decision attributes of equipment;
secondly, performing quantitative evaluation on the key decision attributes of the design schemes, and establishing a decision matrix formed by key decision attribute indexes of the design schemes;
and step three, dividing each key decision attribute index into a forward index and a reverse index, and carrying out standardization processing on the decision matrix to enable the forward index and the reverse index to be on the same evaluation scale.
Step four, based on the normalized decision matrix and the key decision attribute weight set, solving a weighted decision matrix;
fifthly, determining a positive ideal scheme and a negative ideal scheme of the key decision attributes based on the weighted decision matrix;
step six, calculating Hamming distances from each design scheme to a positive ideal scheme and a negative ideal scheme respectively;
calculating the relative closeness of each design scheme based on the positive ideal scheme or the negative ideal scheme;
step eight, selecting an optimal design scheme according to the relative closeness of each design scheme;
selecting the key decision attribute from the five characteristics and the performance;
the quantitative evaluation in the step two is graded by experts;
the forward index in the third step refers to a benefit index, and the larger the value is, the better the value is; the reverse index is a cost-type index, and the smaller the value, the better. The forward index and the reverse index are on the same evaluation scale, if the reverse index is reversely operated, the larger the value is, the better the value is.
The forward direction index normalization processing formula in the third step is as follows:
the reverse index normalization processing formula in the third step is as follows:
giving out the key decision attribute weight set in the step four by an expert;
the weighted decision matrix in the fourth step comprises the following specific calculation steps:
firstly, normalizing a key decision attribute weight set; wherein, the ith attribute weight normalization formula is as follows:
and substituting the normalized key decision attribute weight set into the normalized decision matrix to obtain a weighted decision matrix.
The optimal design scheme selection mode in the step eight is as follows:
if the relative closeness is calculated based on the positive ideal scheme, the design scheme with the minimum relative closeness in all the design schemes is the optimal scheme;
and if the relative closeness is calculated based on the negative ideal scheme, the design scheme with the maximum relative closeness in all the design schemes is the optimal scheme.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention uses the five-property and performance comprehensive balance method based on the ideal solution, reduces the workload, has strong operability, fully considers the influence of various decision attributes on the design requirement, and gives corresponding weight, thereby really achieving the high efficiency, rapidness and economy of the comprehensive design process.
The problem of normalization processing of key decision attributes in multi-scheme decision is solved, importance ranking among the attributes is fully considered, and the purpose of meeting engineering practice is achieved.
The ideal solution obtains the reference for judging each design scheme by constructing a positive ideal scheme and a negative ideal scheme, calculates the quotient of the distance from each scheme to the negative ideal scheme and the sum of the distances from each scheme to the positive ideal scheme and the negative ideal scheme by using the closeness function, and obtains a specific gravity value for comparing the advantages and the disadvantages of each scheme.
By the method provided by the invention, the comprehensive balance of the five properties and the performance in the comprehensive design process of the novel equipment is realized, the decision mechanism depending on experience at present is solved, the continuous optimization of the development process is ensured, and a method which is in line with the engineering practice and has a good effect is provided for the optimization of multiple schemes of key systems and equipment of the helicopter.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiment of the present invention will be briefly explained. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for balancing the five properties and performance of an ideal solution.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Features of various aspects of embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to better understand the present invention by illustrating examples thereof. The present invention is not limited to any particular arrangement or method provided below, but rather covers all product structures, any modifications, alterations, etc. of the method covered without departing from the spirit of the invention.
In the drawings and the following description, well-known structures and techniques are not shown to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.
The five-property and performance comprehensive balancing method based on the ideal solution of the invention is described in detail below by taking the design of a fish fork hydraulic system of a certain helicopter as an example and combining the attached drawings.
Current harpoon hydraulic systems exist: the problems of inconvenient accessory disassembly and assembly, poor maintainability, low reliability, heavy weight and the like are solved, so that the hydraulic system of the fish fork needs to be improved and optimally designed. In order to solve these problems, three improvements have been proposed: scheme one, a harpoon combination valve assembly; in the scheme II, a left oil tank is integrated with an auxiliary control valve; the emergency oil tank is integrated with an emergency valve;
the method for comprehensively balancing the five properties and the performance based on the ideal solution comprises the following specific steps:
step one, selecting key decision attributes of a harpoon hydraulic system according to expert evaluation:
the decision matrix is shown below, so after the design solution is determined, the key decision attributes need to be determined.
Wherein X is { X ═ X1,x2,…,xm} -scheme set;
A＝{a1,a2,…,an}—-measuring a set of key decision attributes for each decision scheme;
rij-decision scheme xiFor attribute ajThe evaluation value of (1).
Through combing the problem and the user demand that appear in the harpoon hydraulic system development process, on the basis of multiple design scheme that integrates, factors such as comprehensive consideration user demand, technical requirement, reliability requirement, economic nature factor confirm that the key decision attribute is 8: reduced weight, reliability, strength, installation space, processing techniques, technical maturity, schedule, and cost;
and comprehensively considering the design scheme and the opinions of experts in all aspects to obtain the index scoring values of the three schemes. Expert scores for each integration protocol are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Note: the score range of each index is 1-10
As can be seen from the expert scores in table 1, the decision matrix is:
step 2: carrying out standardization processing on the decision matrix:
each performance and RMS attribute evaluation index of the measurement design scheme is a definite point index, which can be divided into a cost attribute index and a benefit attribute index in general, and the normalization method is as follows:
1) benefit type attribute index, i.e. forward index (larger better)
2) Cost-type attribute index, i.e. reverse index (smaller is better)
Normalizing the decision matrix B:
B＝[bij],i＝1,2,…,m,j＝1,2,…,n
the normalized decision matrix obtained according to the above method is as follows
And 3, step 3: and (3) combining the performance of the normalized decision matrix and scheme and the quintuplet attribute index weight set to obtain a weighted decision matrix:
firstly, combining the scheme and the expert opinions to obtain a weight set of each decision attribute index,
normalizing the weight value:
form ω ═ (ω)1,ω2,…,ωn)，
Solving a weighting decision matrix:
considering the opinion of experts in all aspects, the weighting factors of 8 indexes are obtained as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Index (I) | Reduced weight | Reliability of | Strength of | Installation space | Processing technology | Degree of technical maturity | Progress of a game | Cost of |
| Weight of | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
Thus, the performance and RMS attribute index weight set for a scheme
Normalized weight, get ω ═ 0.1720.1380.1380.1380.1030.1380.1030.069
Obtaining a weighting decision matrix:
and 4, step 4: determining a positive ideal scheme and a negative ideal scheme of performance and quintet comprehensive decision:
order:
(maximum value in j column)
Then is thinking scheme X+Comprises the following steps:
Negative ideal scheme X-Comprises the following steps:
Positive ideal scheme by weighting decision matrix
X+＝{0.125 0.089 0.092 0.095 0.067 0.1160.068 0.044}
Negative ideal scheme
X-＝{0.069 0.056 0.0660.032 0.0400.039 0.038 0.031}
And 5, step 5: calculating the Hamming distance from each scheme participating in decision to the positive ideal scheme and the negative ideal scheme respectively:
the Hamming distance is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the calculation result shows that the content of the compound,
in the same way, the method for preparing the composite material,
and 6, step 6: calculating the relative closeness of each decision-making scheme to the negative ideal scheme:
the relative closeness calculation formula is as follows:
calculated, d1＝0.607，d2＝0.567，d3＝0.423。
And 7, step 7: and sequencing each decision-making scheme according to the relative closeness value from large to small, wherein the decision-making scheme with the maximum relative closeness is optimal:
the scheme ordering result is d1>d2>d3Namely, the scheme one is superior to the scheme two, and the scheme two is superior to the scheme three.
Method for comprehensively balancing five properties and performance based on ideal solution and effect test
The simulation analysis is carried out on the scheme of the harpoon combination valve assembly, and the conclusion is as follows:
the total weight of the fishfork accessory plate component in the original design scheme is 11.604Kg, while the total weight of the fishfork combined valve component in the new scheme is 7.78Kg, and the new scheme can meet the design requirement of total weight reduction of 3 Kg. In addition, after the new design scheme is introduced, the overall performance of the harpoon hydraulic system is not reduced by the design of the harpoon combination valve assembly, and the requirement of the system on reliability is met by the new design scheme.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for comprehensively balancing five properties and performance based on an ideal solution is characterized in that: the comprehensive five-property and performance balancing method comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting key decision attributes of equipment;
secondly, performing quantitative evaluation on the key decision attributes of the design schemes, and establishing a decision matrix formed by key decision attribute indexes of the design schemes;
dividing each key decision attribute index into a forward index and a reverse index, and carrying out standardization processing on the decision matrix to enable the forward index and the reverse index to be on the same evaluation scale;
step four, based on the normalized decision matrix and the key decision attribute weight set, solving a weighted decision matrix;
fifthly, determining a positive ideal scheme and a negative ideal scheme of the key decision attributes based on the weighted decision matrix;
step six, calculating Hamming distances from each design scheme to a positive ideal scheme and a negative ideal scheme respectively;
calculating the relative closeness of each design scheme based on the positive ideal scheme or the negative ideal scheme;
and step eight, selecting the optimal design scheme according to the relative closeness of the design schemes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the key decision attribute in the step one is selected from the five properties and the performance.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the second step, the quantitative evaluation is graded by experts.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the forward index in the third step refers to a benefit index, and the larger the value is, the better the value is; the reverse index is a cost-type index, and the smaller the value, the better.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the forward direction index normalization processing formula in the third step is as follows:
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reverse index normalization processing formula in the third step is as follows:
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the key decision attribute weight set in the fourth step is given by an expert.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the weighted decision matrix in the fourth step comprises the following specific calculation steps:
firstly, normalizing a key decision attribute weight set; wherein, the ith attribute weight normalization formula is as follows:
and substituting the normalized key decision attribute weight set into the normalized decision matrix to obtain a weighted decision matrix.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the optimal design scheme selection mode in the step eight is as follows:
if the relative closeness is calculated based on the positive ideal scheme, the design scheme with the minimum relative closeness in all the design schemes is the optimal scheme;
and if the relative closeness is calculated based on the negative ideal scheme, the design scheme with the maximum relative closeness in all the design schemes is the optimal scheme.
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| CN114331229A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-04-12 | 北京瑞风协同科技股份有限公司 | Comprehensive balancing method and system for equipment guarantee scheme |
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