CN111008010A - RS485 bus-based singlechip application software online programming method and device - Google Patents

RS485 bus-based singlechip application software online programming method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111008010A
CN111008010A CN201911117611.3A CN201911117611A CN111008010A CN 111008010 A CN111008010 A CN 111008010A CN 201911117611 A CN201911117611 A CN 201911117611A CN 111008010 A CN111008010 A CN 111008010A
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chip microcomputer
single chip
software
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刘久成
任立彬
詹丽君
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Tianjin Aviation Mechanical and Electrical Co Ltd
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Tianjin Aviation Mechanical and Electrical Co Ltd
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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    • G06F8/60Software deployment
    • G06F8/61Installation
    • G06F8/63Image based installation; Cloning; Build to order
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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Abstract

The invention relates to an RS485 bus-based on-line programming method for single-chip microcomputer application software, which realizes the on-line programming of a user program function through an RS485 bus by multiplexing an RS485 communication bus to realize the on-line programming application software technology, a standard HEX file analysis technology, an upgrading handshake confirmation technology, an interrupt vector remapping technology, a FLASH space partitioning technology, a user program read-back verification technology and the like. Compared with the traditional programming method, the method designed by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, cost saving and high reliability, can realize user software programming through a multiplexing bus interface, and can effectively improve the maintainability of the product.

Description

RS485 bus-based singlechip application software online programming method and device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation and electrical, and particularly relates to an RS485 bus-based on-line programming method for application software of a single chip microcomputer.
Background
The 51 series single chip microcomputer is a microprocessor which is most widely applied at present, and is popular with electronic designers and engineers with low price and strong functions. The application software of the invention resides in the 51 SCM. When a singlechip is used for product development, software is inevitably required to be upgraded, but the 51-series singlechip can only change the software through a writer generally, and the method has the defects of high cost, complex operation and high software maintenance difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
Compared with the traditional method for upgrading the application software of the single chip microcomputer by using the programmer, the method designed by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, cost saving and high reliability, can realize user software programming by multiplexing a bus interface, and can effectively improve the maintainability of a product.
The technical scheme of the invention is that, on the one hand, the invention provides an on-line programming method of the application software of the singlechip based on the RS485 bus, which comprises the following steps,
the upper computer generates a standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated;
analyzing a standard HEX file to generate a software image file which can be transmitted through a bus;
developing a Boot program, and solidifying the Boot program into the singlechip;
transmitting the software image file to a Boot program of a single chip microcomputer, writing the software image file into the single chip microcomputer by the Boot program, and automatically loading the software image file when the single chip microcomputer is powered on to complete the updating of an application program on the single chip microcomputer;
when the standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated is generated, the KEIL software is adopted to configure the interrupt vector table, so that the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer and the application program to be updated share the interrupt vector table, and the software running efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, when the standard HEX file is analyzed, C language is adopted to design standard HEX file analysis software for realizing the loading and analysis of the HEX file of the Intel standard and generating a software image file which can be transmitted through a bus.
Further, before generating a standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated, FLASH partitioning is performed on the storage space of the single chip microcomputer, the storage space of the single chip microcomputer is divided into a Boot area, an application program area and a parameter area, only the due program area on the single chip microcomputer is allowed to be updated when the application program of the single chip microcomputer is updated, and the safety of on-line updating of the application program of the single chip microcomputer is improved.
Further, the method also comprises the step of ensuring that the software image file is accurately and orderly transmitted to the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer by using a point-to-point handshaking method when the software image file is transmitted to the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer.
Further, the method further comprises the step that after the Boot program writes the software image file into the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer returns the written data file to the upper computer, and the upper computer compares the data file with the software image file to judge the updating accuracy of the application program on the single chip microcomputer.
Further, the method further comprises the step of transmitting the software image file to a Boot program of the single chip microcomputer by adopting a multiplexing RS485 communication bus so as to simplify the hardware configuration of the single chip microcomputer.
On the other hand, the on-line programming device of the application software of the single chip microcomputer based on the RS485 bus comprises an upper computer, wherein the upper computer is in data connection with the single chip microcomputer through a multiplexing RS485 communication bus; a standard HEX file generation module, a standard HEX file analysis module, a software image file transmission module and a Boot program curing module are arranged in the upper computer, the standard HEX file generation module, the standard HEX file analysis module and the software image file transmission module are sequentially in data connection, and the software image file transmission module is in data connection with the single chip microcomputer;
the standard HEX file generation module generates a standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated, wherein when the standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated is generated, the KEIL software is adopted to configure the interrupt vector table, so that the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer and the application program to be updated share the interrupt vector table, and the software operation efficiency is improved;
the standard HEX file analysis module analyzes the standard HEX file to generate a software image file which can be transmitted through a bus;
the Boot program curing module is used for importing a Boot program, is in data connection with the single chip microcomputer and is used for curing the Boot program into the single chip microcomputer;
the software image file transmission module transmits the software image file to a Boot program of the single chip microcomputer, the Boot program writes the software image file into the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is electrified to automatically load the software image file, and updating of an application program on the single chip microcomputer is completed.
Furthermore, the online programming device also comprises a check module, the check module is in data connection with the single chip microcomputer, after the Boot program writes the software image file into the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer returns the written data file to the upper computer, and the upper computer compares the data file with the software image file and judges the updating accuracy of the application program on the single chip microcomputer.
The invention has the technical effects that:
the technical scheme of the invention can realize the on-line programming of the application software of the single chip microcomputer by multiplexing the RS485 communication bus under the condition of not using a writer, and the method has the advantages of simple operation method, cost saving, high reliability and capability of effectively improving the maintainability of the product.
When a target HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated is generated, the KEIL software is adopted to configure the interrupt vector table, so that the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer and the application program to be updated share the interrupt vector table, and the software running efficiency is improved.
When the target HEX file is analyzed, C language design standard HEX file analysis software is adopted for realizing the loading and analysis of the HEX file of the Intel standard and generating a software mirror image file which can be transmitted through a bus.
Before generating a target HEX file corresponding to an application program to be updated, carrying out FLASH partition on a storage space of the single chip microcomputer, dividing the storage space of the single chip microcomputer into a Boot area, an application program area and a parameter area, only allowing the due program area on the single chip microcomputer to be updated when the application program of the single chip microcomputer is updated, and improving the safety of on-line updating of the application program of the single chip microcomputer.
When the software image file is transmitted to the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer, the accuracy and the order of the transmission of the software image file to the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer are ensured by using a point-to-point handshaking method, and the reliability of online upgrading is improved.
After the Boot program writes the software image file into the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer transmits the written data file back to the upper computer, the upper computer compares the data file with the software image file, the updating accuracy of the application program on the single chip microcomputer is judged, the image file is guaranteed to be correctly transmitted to the single chip microcomputer, and the safety of online upgrading is improved.
And the multiplexing RS485 communication bus is adopted to transmit the software image file to a Boot program of the single chip microcomputer so as to simplify the hardware configuration of the single chip microcomputer.
When a target HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated is generated, the KEIL software is adopted to configure the interrupt vector table, so that the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer and the application program to be updated share the interrupt vector table, and the software running efficiency is improved.
The check module is in data connection with the single chip microcomputer, after the Boot program writes the software image file into the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer transmits the written data file back to the upper computer, the upper computer compares the data file with the software image file, the updating accuracy of the application program on the single chip microcomputer is judged, and the safety and the reliability of the online upgrading process are guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a key technique for an on-line programming method
FIG. 2 is a FLASH address space partition diagram
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides an on-line programming method of single chip microcomputer application software based on an RS485 bus, which comprises the following steps,
the upper computer generates a standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated;
analyzing a standard HEX file to generate a software image file which can be transmitted through a bus;
developing a Boot program, and solidifying the Boot program into the singlechip;
transmitting the software image file to a Boot program of a single chip microcomputer, writing the software image file into the single chip microcomputer by the Boot program, and automatically loading the software image file when the single chip microcomputer is powered on to complete the updating of an application program on the single chip microcomputer;
when the standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated is generated, the KEIL software is adopted to configure the interrupt vector table, so that the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer and the application program to be updated share the interrupt vector table, and the software running efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, when the standard HEX file is analyzed, C language is adopted to design standard HEX file analysis software for realizing the loading and analysis of the HEX file of the Intel standard and generating a software image file which can be transmitted through a bus.
Further, before generating a standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated, FLASH partitioning is performed on the storage space of the single chip microcomputer, the storage space of the single chip microcomputer is divided into a Boot area, an application program area and a parameter area, only the due program area on the single chip microcomputer is allowed to be updated when the application program of the single chip microcomputer is updated, and the safety of on-line updating of the application program of the single chip microcomputer is improved.
Further, the method also comprises the step of ensuring that the software image file is accurately and orderly transmitted to the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer by using a point-to-point handshaking method when the software image file is transmitted to the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer.
Further, the method further comprises the step that after the Boot program writes the software image file into the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer returns the written data file to the upper computer, and the upper computer compares the data file with the software image file to judge the updating accuracy of the application program on the single chip microcomputer.
Further, the method further comprises the step of transmitting the software image file to a Boot program of the single chip microcomputer by adopting a multiplexing RS485 communication bus so as to simplify the hardware configuration of the single chip microcomputer.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an on-line programming device of single-chip microcomputer application software based on an RS485 bus, and the on-line programming device comprises an upper computer, wherein the upper computer is in data connection with a single-chip microcomputer through a multiplexing RS485 communication bus; a standard HEX file generation module, a standard HEX file analysis module, a software image file transmission module and a Boot program curing module are arranged in the upper computer, the standard HEX file generation module, the standard HEX file analysis module and the software image file transmission module are sequentially in data connection, and the software image file transmission module is in data connection with the single chip microcomputer;
the standard HEX file generation module generates a standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated, wherein when the standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated is generated, the KEIL software is adopted to configure the interrupt vector table, so that the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer and the application program to be updated share the interrupt vector table, and the software operation efficiency is improved;
the standard HEX file analysis module analyzes the standard HEX file to generate a software image file which can be transmitted through a bus;
the Boot program curing module is used for importing a Boot program, is in data connection with the single chip microcomputer and is used for curing the Boot program into the single chip microcomputer;
the software image file transmission module transmits the software image file to a Boot program of the single chip microcomputer, the Boot program writes the software image file into the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is electrified to automatically load the software image file, and updating of an application program on the single chip microcomputer is completed.
Furthermore, the online programming device also comprises a check module, the check module is in data connection with the single chip microcomputer, after the Boot program writes the software image file into the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer returns the written data file to the upper computer, and the upper computer compares the data file with the software image file and judges the updating accuracy of the application program on the single chip microcomputer.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an on-line programming working principle of single chip microcomputer application software based on an RS485 bus. As shown in fig. 1, the on-line programming method for the single chip microcomputer of the present embodiment is divided into three stages, namely, an upgrade start stage, a user program programming stage, and an upgrade result verification stage.
In the upgrading starting stage, the upper computer mainly analyzes the standard HEX file and handshakes between the upper computer and the bootstrap program so as to determine whether the product is upgraded by the user software. In the stage, a standard HEX file analysis technology is used, and only a standard HEX file generated by a compiler needs to be provided, the standard HEX file can be automatically converted into an executable file to be programmed in a user program area; the interrupt remapping technology is used, the bootstrap program remaps the hardware interrupt vector table stored in the 0 th page of the chip memory to the application space, and the address space allows the user program to use the interrupts according to the design requirement, so that the interrupt vector table is ensured to be synchronously updated when the user program is updated; an upgrade handshake validation technique is used.
In the programming stage of the user program, the desktop software of the upper computer and the bootstrap program complete point-to-point handshake, and after the upgrading requirement is confirmed, the bootstrap program erases the user program area and writes the received mirror image data into a corresponding address. In the stage, an upgrading handshake confirmation technology is used, point-to-point communication is established in handshake confirmation of a bootstrap program and desktop software of an upper computer, and FLASH erasing operation is executed after upgrading requirements are confirmed, so that the user program is prevented from being damaged by misoperation; by using the FLASH address space partitioning technology, a 51-singlechip processor does not provide a single FLASH interval for a bootstrap program, the bootstrap program and an application program of a product are in the same FLASH space of 64Kbyte, and the FLASH area is re-planned by the method, wherein the specific partitioning content is shown in figure 2.
And in the stage of verifying the programming result, after the bootstrap program completely receives the mirror image data, reading the user program from the FLASH user program area, calculating the verification result through a CRC (cyclic redundancy check) algorithm, comparing the verification result with the verification result sent by the upper computer, and feeding the comparison result back to the upper computer. In the stage, a user program read-back check technology is used, in order to ensure the accuracy of the user program, after the HEX file is analyzed by the upper computer, the check result of the user program is calculated by adopting an 8bit-CCITT CRC (cyclic redundancy check) algorithm, after the user program is burnt and written on line, the program is guided to carry out read-back check on the user program, the read-back check is compared with the check result calculated by the upper computer, and the comparison result is fed back to the upper computer.
The key technology of the invention also comprises a multiplex communication bus technology, the RS485 bus is an external communication bus of the single chip microcomputer, the multiplex communication bus realizes on-line programming of a user program, an additional interface is not required, and the hardware design is simplified.
Fig. 2 introduces the partitioning of the FLASH address space of the 51 single-chip microcomputer in the online programming scheme, and it can be seen from the figure that: the addresses 0x0000-0x01FF are for storing the interrupt vector table; the address 0x0200-0x7FFF stores the user program, and the section of area is an online programming area; the addresses 0x9000-0x9FFF store product parameters including fixed parameters, adjustable parameters and data information recorded in the program running process; addresses 0xB000-0xFBFF house the boot program, which needs to be programmed using a programmer.
Compared with the traditional method, the method designed by the invention has the advantages of simple operation, cost saving and high reliability, can realize user software programming under the condition of not using a writer, and can effectively improve the maintainability of the product.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and other methods for on-line programming of software applied to a single module processor, which are similar to or the same as the above embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. An RS485 bus-based singlechip application software online programming method is characterized by comprising the following steps,
the upper computer generates a standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated;
analyzing a standard HEX file to generate a software image file which can be transmitted through a bus;
developing a Boot program, and solidifying the Boot program into the singlechip;
transmitting the software image file to a Boot program of a single chip microcomputer, writing the software image file into the single chip microcomputer by the Boot program, and automatically loading the software image file when the single chip microcomputer is powered on to complete the updating of an application program on the single chip microcomputer;
when the standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated is generated, the KEIL software is adopted to configure the interrupt vector table, so that the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer and the application program to be updated share the interrupt vector table, and the software running efficiency is improved.
2. The RS485 bus-based on-line programming method for single-chip microcomputer application software according to claim 1, wherein when the standard HEX file is analyzed, C language design standard HEX file analysis software is adopted for realizing loading and analysis of an Intel standard HEX file and generating a software image file capable of being transmitted through a bus.
3. The RS485 bus based single chip microcomputer application software online programming method according to claim 1, further comprising,
before generating a standard HEX file corresponding to an application program to be updated, FLASH partition is carried out on a storage space of the single chip microcomputer, the storage space of the single chip microcomputer is divided into a Boot area, an application program area and a parameter area, only a due program area on the single chip microcomputer is allowed to be updated when the application program of the single chip microcomputer is updated, and the safety of on-line updating of the application program of the single chip microcomputer is improved.
4. The RS485 bus based single chip microcomputer application software online programming method according to claim 1, further comprising,
and when the software image file is transmitted to the Boot program of the singlechip, the accuracy and the order of the transmission of the software image file to the Boot program of the singlechip are ensured by using a point-to-point handshaking method.
5. The RS485 bus based single chip microcomputer application software online programming method according to claim 1, further comprising,
after the Boot program writes the software image file into the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer returns the written data file to the upper computer, and the upper computer compares the data file with the software image file to judge the updating accuracy of the application program on the single chip microcomputer.
6. The RS485 bus based single chip microcomputer application software online programming method according to claim 1, further comprising,
and transmitting the software image file to a Boot program of the singlechip by adopting a multiplexing RS485 communication bus so as to simplify the hardware configuration of the singlechip.
7. The on-line programming device of the application software of the single chip microcomputer based on the RS485 bus is characterized by comprising an upper computer, wherein the upper computer is in data connection with the single chip microcomputer through a multiplexing RS485 communication bus; a standard HEX file generation module, a standard HEX file analysis module, a software image file transmission module and a Boot program curing module are arranged in the upper computer, the standard HEX file generation module, the standard HEX file analysis module and the software image file transmission module are sequentially in data connection, and the software image file transmission module is in data connection with the single chip microcomputer;
the standard HEX file generation module generates a standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated, wherein when the standard HEX file corresponding to the application program to be updated is generated, the KEIL software is adopted to configure the interrupt vector table, so that the Boot program of the single chip microcomputer and the application program to be updated share the interrupt vector table, and the software operation efficiency is improved;
the standard HEX file analysis module analyzes the standard HEX file to generate a software image file which can be transmitted through a bus;
the Boot program curing module is used for importing a Boot program, is in data connection with the single chip microcomputer and is used for curing the Boot program into the single chip microcomputer;
the software image file transmission module transmits the software image file to a Boot program of the single chip microcomputer, the Boot program writes the software image file into the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is electrified to automatically load the software image file, and updating of an application program on the single chip microcomputer is completed.
8. The RS485 bus based single chip microcomputer application software online programming device according to claim 7, further comprising,
and the check module is in data connection with the single chip microcomputer, after the Boot program writes the software image file into the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer returns the written data file to the upper computer, and the upper computer compares the data file with the software image file to judge the updating accuracy of the application program on the single chip microcomputer.
CN201911117611.3A 2019-11-14 2019-11-14 RS485 bus-based singlechip application software online programming method and device Pending CN111008010A (en)

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CN103345193A (en) * 2013-06-19 2013-10-09 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 Embedded type PLC system based on STC single-chip microcomputer
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Application publication date: 20200414