CN111006870A - Constant volume combustion heat transfer device - Google Patents
Constant volume combustion heat transfer device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111006870A CN111006870A CN201911303065.2A CN201911303065A CN111006870A CN 111006870 A CN111006870 A CN 111006870A CN 201911303065 A CN201911303065 A CN 201911303065A CN 111006870 A CN111006870 A CN 111006870A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
- G01M15/05—Testing internal-combustion engines by combined monitoring of two or more different engine parameters
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of heat transfer of internal combustion engines, in particular to a constant volume combustion heat transfer device for researching a combustion and heat transfer interaction mechanism. The utility model provides a constant volume combustion heat transfer device, through the constant volume environment in the constant volume burning bullet simulation internal-combustion engine cylinder, at constant volume burning bullet installation heat flux density sensor and thermocouple, build schlieren test platform, utilize the vacuum pump to take out the constant volume burning bullet into the vacuum, according to the concentration and the pressure of calculation again fill synthetic air and test fuel according to the volume, close and stew a period of time after the admission and exhaust valve and guarantee fuel and air intensive mixing, later trigger the ignition and record the combustion process, gather combustion process transient pressure change, heat flux density change and wall heat field distribution. The device can research the combustion characteristics of the fuel aiming at various novel alternative fuels suitable for the internal combustion engine and fixing reaction boundary conditions, simultaneously explores the action mechanism of heat transfer between combustion heat and a constant volume bomb wall surface, and realizes the construction and calibration of a heat transfer model of the alternative fuel internal combustion engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat transfer of internal combustion engines, in particular to a constant volume combustion heat transfer device for researching a combustion and heat transfer interaction mechanism.
Background
With the gradual exhaustion of petroleum energy, the method is currently usedEnergy structures face fundamental changes. Because the energy consumption of the current automobiles accounts for one fourth of the total energy consumption of the world, the number of the automobiles can still be increased continuously in the future, so that alternative fuels are more and more concerned by people; in addition, gasoline and diesel oil prepared by using petroleum as raw materials can generate CO, HC and CO during combustion2The fuel causes great harm to the living environment of human beings, and the development and the utilization of alternative fuels are further promoted. Liquid fuels such as methanol CH3OH, biodiesel; gaseous fuels such as CNG, LNG, LPG, H2And the like, because the physical and chemical properties of the oil can effectively improve the weakness which is difficult to overcome by petroleum energy, the oil can be widely applied to internal combustion engines for vehicles and ships.
Digital development and design become the development trend of the internal combustion engine industry, and the essence of the digital development and design is that the digital development and design is based on the sub-models of a computer and an internal combustion engine system to carry out prediction development, so that the test and labor cost is greatly reduced. The basis of digital development is an accurate calculation model, but physical parameters such as specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity and gas constant in the combustion process of fuel and air mixture of different alternative fuels are different from pure air. Taking hydrogen as an example, the hydrogen has wide combustible range, short quenching distance and large combustion speed variation range, so that the heat transfer process of the alternative fuel internal combustion engine is different from that of the traditional internal combustion engine, and especially under the condition of a chemical equivalence ratio, the heat transfer quantity prediction is more inaccurate. In order to explore a calculation model capable of accurately representing the heat transfer process of the internal combustion engine with different fuels, the factors influencing the heat transfer need to be theoretically analyzed.
The heat transfer process and basic parameters can be measured by utilizing a heat flow density sensor and a high-precision thermocouple, and the heat flow density sensor is arranged on a cylinder cover or a cylinder of the internal combustion engine to measure the heat transfer parameters in the running process of the internal combustion engine in the current adopted experimental scheme. However, the influence of different parameters on the heat transfer process is explored under the boundary of the internal combustion engine, so that various parameters such as temperature, pressure, concentration and the like can be coupled together, and the influence rule of a single factor cannot be judged.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: aiming at various novel alternative fuels suitable for the internal combustion engine, fixing reaction boundary conditions, researching the combustion characteristics of the fuels, exploring the action mechanism of combustion heat and constant volume bomb wall surface heat transfer, realizing the construction and calibration of a heat transfer model of the alternative fuel internal combustion engine, and providing a constant volume combustion heat transfer device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a constant volume combustion heat transfer device simulates a constant volume environment in an internal combustion engine cylinder through a constant volume combustion bomb;
the constant volume combustion bomb is provided with a test fuel inlet valve and an air release valve; the constant volume combustion bomb is respectively communicated with the vacuum pump, the air tank and the test fuel tank through pipelines; observation windows are arranged on two sides of the constant volume combustion bomb; an ignition electrode is arranged in the constant volume combustion bomb; a heating circuit is arranged outside the constant volume combustion bomb;
the constant volume combustion bomb is provided with a thermocouple, a heat flux density sensor, a transient pressure sensor, a pressure transmitter, a temperature regulator, a thermometer and a pressure gauge; the constant-volume combustion bomb comprises a thermocouple, a temperature regulator, a thermometer, a heat flow density sensor, a pressure transmitter and a pressure gauge, wherein the thermocouple is used for measuring the wall surface temperature of the constant-volume combustion bomb, the temperature regulator is used for regulating a heating circuit so as to regulate the initial temperature in the constant-volume combustion bomb, the thermometer is used for measuring the initial temperature in the constant-volume combustion bomb, the heat flow density sensor is used for measuring the heat transfer quantity in the flame development process, and the pressure transmitter and the pressure gauge are used for measuring the initial pressure in; the thermocouple, the heat flux density sensor, the transient pressure sensor, the pressure transmitter, the temperature regulator, the thermometer and the pressure gauge are all connected with the data acquisition and control system;
the data acquisition and control system is connected with the recording computer on one hand and is connected with the ignition electrode through an ignition wire on the other hand; the camera is used for recording the heat transfer process between the flame and the wall surface when the flame spreads to the wall surface, and the camera is connected with the data acquisition and control system.
The device adopts a constant volume combustion bomb to simulate the constant volume environment in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, and simulates the constant volume environment in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine by changing the initial temperature, the pressure and the boundary conditions of the components and the concentrations of different fuels, so as to test the combustion and heat transfer interaction mechanism between flames and wall surfaces of different fuels under different boundaries. Preferably, in varying the initial boundary conditions to study the effect on heat transfer, orthogonal experiments are designed to vary only one experimental variable at a time to analyze the mechanism of combustion interaction with heat transfer as a single initial boundary condition is varied.
On the basis of the scheme, the quantity of the heat flow density sensors is more than two, and the more than two heat flow density sensors are arranged at different heights of the near wall surface of the constant volume combustion bomb and used for measuring the heat transfer quantity in the flame development process and the heat transfer change in the near wall surface heat transfer process. The heat flow density sensor is arranged at a position close to the wall surface, so that the development process of flame and a light path during shooting can be prevented from being interfered, and meanwhile, the heat transfer process between the flame and the wall surface when the flame is spread to the wall surface can be effectively recorded.
On the basis of the scheme, the number of the thermocouples is more than two, and the thermocouples are arranged at different heights of the inner wall layer of the constant volume combustion bomb and used for measuring the wall surface temperature field distribution of the constant volume combustion bomb.
On the basis of the scheme, furthermore, more than two heat flow density sensors and more than two thermocouples are arranged in the same wall surface area of the constant volume combustion bomb, so that the influence that the ignition electrode of the constant volume combustion bomb is not in the center and the time for flame to spread to each wall surface is different is reduced, the heat flow density and the heat field distribution of one wall surface area are measured, and the authenticity and the effectiveness of test data are improved.
On the basis of the scheme, the heat transfer process between the flame and the wall surface when the flame is spread to the wall surface is further shot by utilizing a schlieren method.
Has the advantages that:
the device can research the combustion characteristics of the fuel aiming at various novel alternative fuels suitable for the internal combustion engine and fixing reaction boundary conditions, simultaneously explores the action mechanism of heat transfer between combustion heat and a constant volume bomb wall surface, and realizes the construction and calibration of a heat transfer model of the alternative fuel internal combustion engine. Compared with the method that the influence of different parameters on the heat transfer process is explored under the boundary of the internal combustion engine, various parameters can be coupled together, the influence rule of a single factor cannot be judged, and the boundary condition of combustion in the device is controllable and has good repeatability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-constant volume combustion bomb, 2-heat flux density sensor, 3-thermocouple, 4-test fuel inlet valve, 5-air release valve, 6-vacuum pump, 7-air tank, 8-test fuel tank, 9-observation window, 10-ignition electrode, 11-heating circuit, 12-transient pressure sensor, 13-pressure transmitter, 14-thermoregulator, 15-thermometer, 16-data acquisition and control system, 17-pressure gauge, 18-recording computer, 19-ignition wire and 20-camera.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to the attached drawing 1, the embodiment provides a constant volume combustion heat transfer device, which simulates a constant volume environment in an internal combustion engine cylinder through a constant volume combustion bomb 1, and simulates the constant volume environment in the internal combustion engine cylinder through changing boundary conditions of initial temperature, pressure, components and concentrations of different fuels, and is used for testing the combustion and heat transfer interaction mechanism between flames and wall surfaces of the different fuels under different boundaries.
The constant volume combustion bomb 1 is provided with a test fuel inlet valve 4 and an air release valve 5; the constant volume combustion bomb 1 is respectively communicated with a vacuum pump 6, an air tank 7 and a test fuel tank 8 through pipelines; two sides of the constant volume combustion bomb 1 are provided with observation windows 9; an ignition electrode 10 is arranged in the constant volume combustion bomb 1; the heating circuit 11 is arranged outside the constant volume combustion bomb 1.
The constant volume combustion bomb 1 is provided with a thermocouple 3, a heat flux density sensor 2, a transient pressure sensor 12, a pressure transmitter 13, a temperature regulator 14, a thermometer 15 and a pressure gauge 17; the thermocouple 3 is used for measuring the wall temperature of the constant volume combustion bomb 1, the temperature regulator 14 is used for regulating the heating circuit 11 to regulate the initial temperature in the constant volume combustion bomb 1, the thermometer 15 is used for measuring the initial temperature in the constant volume combustion bomb 1, the heat flow density sensor 2 is used for measuring the heat transfer quantity in the flame development process, and the pressure transmitter 13 and the pressure gauge 17 are used for measuring the initial pressure in the constant volume combustion bomb 1; the thermocouple 3, the heat flux density sensor 2, the transient pressure sensor 12, the pressure transmitter 13, the thermostat 14, the thermometer 15 and the pressure gauge 17 are all connected to a data acquisition and control system 16.
In this example, the number of the heat flux density sensors 2 is a plurality, and the plurality of heat flux density sensors 2 are installed at different heights of the near-wall surface of the constant volume combustion bomb 1 and are used for measuring the heat transfer quantity in the flame development process and the heat transfer change in the near-wall surface heat transfer process. The heat flux density sensor 2 is installed near the wall surface, so that the development process of flame and the light path during shooting can be prevented from being interfered, and the heat transfer process between the flame and the wall surface when the flame is spread to the wall surface can be effectively recorded.
The number of thermocouples 3 is a plurality of, and a plurality of thermocouples 3 are installed at different heights of the inner wall layer of the constant volume combustion bomb 1 and are used for measuring the wall surface temperature field distribution of the constant volume combustion bomb.
A plurality of heat flux density sensors 2 and a plurality of thermocouples 3 are arranged in the same wall surface area of the constant volume combustion bomb 1, so that the influence that the ignition electrode of the constant volume combustion bomb is not in the center and the time of flame propagation to each wall surface is different is reduced, the heat flux density and the heat field distribution of one wall surface area are measured, and the authenticity and the effectiveness of test data are improved.
The data acquisition and control system 16 is connected with the recording computer 18 on one hand and is connected with the ignition electrode 10 through an ignition wire 19 on the other hand; the camera 20 is used to record the heat transfer process with the wall as the flame propagates to the wall, and the camera 20 is connected to the data acquisition and control system 16.
In this example, a schlieren method is used to photograph the heat transfer process between the flame and the wall surface when the flame propagates to the wall surface, the light projected by the light source is incident to the observation window 9 on one side of the constant volume combustion bomb 1 through the reflector and the concave mirror, and the light is recorded by the camera 20 after passing through the observation window 9 on the other side of the constant volume combustion bomb 1, the concave mirror and the reflector.
The working principle of the device is as follows: the method comprises the steps of firstly installing heat flux density sensors 2 at different heights near the wall surface of a constant volume combustion bomb 1, installing high-precision thermocouples 3 at different thicknesses of the wall surface layer, building a schlieren test platform, vacuumizing the constant volume combustion bomb 1 by using a vacuum pump 6, then filling synthetic air and test fuel according to calculated concentration and pressure, closing a fuel inlet valve 4 and an air release valve 5, standing for a period of time to ensure that the fuel and the air are fully mixed, triggering an ignition electrode 10 to ignite by using a data acquisition and control system 16 and shooting by using a camera 20, recording a combustion process, and recording transient pressure change, heat flux density change and wall surface heat field distribution of the combustion process by using a data acquisition and control system 16. And then, multiple tests are carried out, so that the reliability and the authenticity of experimental data are improved.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a constant volume burning heat transfer device, through constant volume burning bullet (1) the constant volume environment in the simulation internal-combustion engine cylinder, its characterized in that:
the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is provided with a test fuel inlet valve (4) and an air release valve (5); the constant volume combustion bomb (1) is respectively communicated with a vacuum pump (6), an air tank (7) and a test fuel tank (8) through pipelines; observation windows (9) are arranged on two sides of the constant volume combustion bomb (1); an ignition electrode (10) is arranged in the constant volume combustion bomb (1); a heating circuit (11) is arranged outside the constant volume combustion bomb (1);
the constant-volume combustion bomb (1) is provided with a thermocouple (3), a heat flow density sensor (2), a transient pressure sensor (12), a pressure transmitter (13), a temperature regulator (14), a thermometer (15) and a pressure gauge (17); the thermocouple (3) is used for measuring the wall temperature of the constant volume combustion bomb (1), the temperature regulator (14) is used for regulating the heating circuit (11) so as to regulate the initial temperature in the constant volume combustion bomb (1), the thermometer (15) is used for measuring the initial temperature in the constant volume combustion bomb (1), the heat flow density sensor (2) is used for measuring the heat transfer quantity in the flame development process, and the pressure transmitter (13) and the pressure gauge (17) are used for measuring the initial pressure in the constant volume combustion bomb (1); the thermocouple (3), the heat flux density sensor (2), the transient pressure sensor (12), the pressure transmitter (13), the temperature regulator (14), the temperature gauge (15) and the pressure gauge (17) are all connected with a data acquisition and control system (16);
the data acquisition and control system (16) is connected with a recording computer (18) on one hand and is connected with the ignition electrode (10) through an ignition wire (19) on the other hand; a camera (20) is used to record the heat transfer process with the wall as the flame propagates to the wall, the camera (20) being connected to the data acquisition and control system (16).
2. A constant volume combustion heat transfer unit as defined in claim 1, wherein: the quantity of heat flow density sensor (2) is more than two, more than two heat flow density sensor (2) are installed the different height departments of the nearly wall face of constant volume burning bullet (1) for measure the heat transfer volume in the flame development process and the heat transfer change in the heat transfer process of nearly wall face.
3. A constant volume combustion heat transfer unit as defined in claim 2, wherein: the number of the thermocouples (3) is more than two, and the thermocouples (3) are arranged at different heights of the inner wall layer of the constant volume combustion bomb (1) and used for measuring the wall surface temperature field distribution of the constant volume combustion bomb.
4. A constant volume combustion heat transfer unit as defined in claim 3, wherein: more than two heat flux density sensors (2) and more than two thermocouples (3) are installed in the same wall surface area of constant volume burning bomb (1).
5. A constant volume combustion heat transfer device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: and shooting the heat transfer process between the flame and the wall surface when the flame is spread to the wall surface by using a schlieren method.
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Cited By (2)
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CN111999428A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-27 | 清华大学 | Constant volume combustion bomb for measuring turbulent flame propagation speed of liquid fuel |
CN115265817A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-11-01 | 北京理工大学 | Fuel attaches wall burning transient state heat flux density measuring device |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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