CN111004992A - Process for in-situ synthesis of Fe-Al coating through laser remelting - Google Patents

Process for in-situ synthesis of Fe-Al coating through laser remelting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111004992A
CN111004992A CN201911283109.XA CN201911283109A CN111004992A CN 111004992 A CN111004992 A CN 111004992A CN 201911283109 A CN201911283109 A CN 201911283109A CN 111004992 A CN111004992 A CN 111004992A
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China
Prior art keywords
coating
laser
remelting
laser remelting
situ
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CN201911283109.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙琨
于紫舒
程建
杨龙龙
魏兵辉
张兴广
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a process for in-situ synthesizing Fe-Al coating by laser remelting, which adopts laser remelting to in-situ synthesize Fe-Al compound coating, the crystal grain of the coating is fine, the whole is compact, a continuous metallurgical bonding belt is formed at the interface of an aluminum coating and a substrate, the interface of the coating and the substrate is clear, and the bonding quality is good. The Fe-Al compound coating is synthesized in situ by laser remelting, the hardness value is rapidly increased from the aluminum coating to the fusion zone, and then is gradually reduced from the fusion zone to the substrate. The hardness value range of the Fe-Al coating is 458-793 HV0.025About 2.5 times higher than the matrix. The invention adopts laser remelting in-situ synthesis of Fe-Al compound coating, adjusts laser remelting process parameters, ensures that the remelting coating has lower dilution rate, forms a finer tissue structure, and obtains good ductility and good ductilityStrength.

Description

Process for in-situ synthesis of Fe-Al coating through laser remelting
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coating processes, and particularly relates to a process for in-situ synthesis of a Fe-Al coating through laser remelting.
Background
The Fe-Al intermetallic compound has the advantages of good high-temperature wear resistance, oxidation resistance, sulfuration resistance, molten salt corrosion resistance and the like, small density, low cost and the like, has obvious comprehensive advantages compared with a single wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, and is generally regarded in recent years. The main obstacles to the widespread industrial application of Fe-A1 intermetallic compounds are the great room temperature brittleness and the difficulty in processing and forming the blocks, which greatly limits the application. Therefore, the use of a tough material as a substrate and a Fe-Al intermetallic compound as a surface coating material is an important development direction for Fe-Al system applications.
Thermal spraying for preparing intermetallic compound coatings has been used industrially for many years, and although this method has many advantages, the microstructure of the prepared coating is generally in a typical layered structure, micropores exist in different degrees inside, and the coating is mainly combined with most of the area of the substrate in a mechanical way, thereby limiting the thickness of the coating and the bonding strength of the coating and the substrate. In recent years, a powder-spreading or powder-feeding type laser cladding method is adopted to synthesize a Fe-Al intermetallic compound coating, although the coating with a relatively uniform structure is obtained by optimizing laser process parameters, micro air holes still exist in the coating, and if the powder proportion and the powder granularity are not well controlled, the phenomena of microcracks and inclusion are easy to occur, so that the comprehensive performance of the coating is influenced.
The laser remelting is a material surface modification technology developed in recent decades, and a modified coating with better wear resistance, corrosion resistance and high-temperature performance can be obtained through laser remelting, and meanwhile, the core or the whole of the material can still keep better plasticity and toughness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a process for in-situ synthesis of the Fe-Al coating by laser remelting.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the steps of:
step one, performing sand blasting treatment on a metal matrix, and cleaning;
preparing a pure aluminum coating on the surface of the metal matrix by using an arc spraying technology;
cleaning the sprayed aluminum coating, and coating a layer of fluxing agent on the surface of the aluminum coating;
and fourthly, carrying out laser remelting on the cosolvent to synthesize the Fe-Al composite coating in situ under the condition of protecting the molten pool by inert gas.
In the first step, the metal matrix is carbon steel.
Carbon steel grade Q235.
In the first step, absolute alcohol and acetone are adopted for cleaning.
In the second step, the thickness of the pure aluminum coating is 0.4mm, the electric arc spraying voltage is 28V, the current is 80A, the pressure of the used compressed air is 0.5MPa, the spraying distance is 280mm, and the moving speed of the nozzle is 130 mm/s.
In the third step, acetone alcohol is adopted for cleaning.
In the third step, CJ401 aluminum gas welding flux is adopted as the cosolvent.
In the fourth step, the inert gas is argon.
In the fourth step, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, the defocusing amount of the used laser is 2.9mm, the laser power is 1-1.4kW when the scanning speed is 600mm/min, and the laser power is 0.8-1.4 kW when the scanning speed is lower than 600mm/min and higher than or equal to 300 mm/min.
Compared with the prior art, the Fe-Al compound coating is synthesized in situ by laser remelting, the coating has fine crystal grains and compact whole body, a continuous metallurgical bonding belt is formed at the interface of the aluminum coating and the substrate, the interface of the coating and the substrate is clear, and the bonding quality is good. The Fe-Al compound coating is synthesized in situ by laser remelting, the hardness value is rapidly increased from the aluminum coating to the fusion zone, and then is gradually reduced from the fusion zone to the substrate. The hardness value range of the Fe-Al coating is 458-793 HV0.025About 2.5 times higher than the matrix. The invention relates to aAnd the Fe-Al compound coating is synthesized in situ by adopting laser remelting, and the laser remelting process parameters are adjusted, so that the remelting coating has low dilution rate, a fine tissue structure is formed, and good ductility and strength are obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a laser remelted aluminum coating and substrate
FIG. 2 is a microscopic view after electric arc spraying; wherein, (a) is a surface microstructure of 200 times, and (b) is a cross-sectional SEM topography;
FIG. 3 is a surface topography of the coating after laser remelting;
FIG. 4 is a sectional SEM topography after laser remelting;
FIG. 5 is an XRD pattern of the composite coating;
FIG. 6 is a microstructure view of a cross section after laser remelting; wherein, (a) is an aluminum coating microscopic structure, (b) is a gold area microscopic structure, (c) is a heat affected area microscopic structure, and (d) is a matrix microscopic structure;
FIG. 7 is a depth direction element concentration distribution diagram of an alloying zone;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional microhardness map after laser remelting; wherein (a) is the microhardness distribution from the aluminum coating to the steel substrate, and (b) is the microhardness distribution of the fusion zone;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of different process parameters on the thickness of the Fe-Al coating; wherein, the optical power is 1000W in (a), and the scanning speed is 500mm/min in (b).
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Example 1:
1) and (3) polishing the surface of the aluminum coating of the Q235 steel by using coarse sand paper, cleaning by using acetone to remove oil stains on the surface of the coating, wiping by using low-concentration nitric acid alcohol to remove an oxide film on the surface of the coating, and finally drying. A thin layer CJ401 of aluminum gas welding flux is applied to the surface of the aluminum coating.
2) Under the protection of argon gas with the gas flow of 20L/min, remelting treatment is carried out by adopting the technological parameters that the defocusing amount of laser is 2.9mm, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, the laser power is 1000W, and the scanning speed is 600 mm/min.
The laser energy density in unit time is small, only partial remelting exists on the surface of the coating, the possibility of metallurgical bonding between the coating and the substrate is small, the surface appearance of the coating is as D in figure 3, and the Fe-Al composite coating can hardly be obtained.
Example 2:
1) and (3) polishing the surface of the aluminum coating of the Q235 steel by using coarse sand paper, cleaning by using acetone to remove oil stains on the surface of the coating, wiping by using low-concentration nitric acid alcohol to remove an oxide film on the surface of the coating, and finally drying. A thin layer CJ401 of aluminum gas welding flux is applied to the surface of the aluminum coating.
2) Under the protection of argon gas with the gas flow of 20L/min, remelting treatment is carried out by adopting the technological parameters that the defocusing amount of laser is 2.9mm, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, the laser power is 1000W, and the scanning speed is 500 mm/min.
The laser scanning speed is appropriate, and a coating with good surface flatness and good metallurgical bonding is obtained, as shown in C in figure 3. FIG. 4 is a SEM (scanning electron microscope) appearance of the cross section of the coating, and as can be seen from FIG. 4, the delamination phenomenon of the aluminum coating basically disappears, the bonding inside the coating is dense, and the metallurgical bonding occurs between the coating and the interface of the substrate. Fig. 5 is a composite coating XRD result, which can confirm that the coating is mainly composed of FeAl phase. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional microstructure showing that the thickness of the Fe-Al composite coating is about 45 μm and the thickness of the heat affected zone is about 500. mu.m. The section microhardness is shown in figure 8, and the hardness value range of the fusion zone is 458-793 HV0.025The maximum hardness of the heat affected zone is 385HV0.025The matrix hardness is 173HV0.025The hardness of the coating is improved by about 2.5 times compared with that of the substrate.
Example 3:
1) and (3) polishing the surface of the aluminum coating of the Q235 steel by using coarse sand paper, cleaning by using acetone to remove oil stains on the surface of the coating, wiping by using low-concentration nitric acid alcohol to remove an oxide film on the surface of the coating, and finally drying. A thin layer CJ401 of aluminum gas welding flux is applied to the surface of the aluminum coating.
2) Under the protection of argon gas with the gas flow of 20L/min, remelting treatment is carried out by adopting the technological parameters that the defocusing amount of laser is 2.9mm, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, the laser power is 1000W, and the scanning speed is 300 mm/min.
The laser scanning speed is slow, the laser energy density per unit time is high, the burning loss of the coating surface is serious, the coating is easy to oxidize, and the obtained coating has poor smoothness, as shown in a in fig. 3. The Fe-Al composite coating with the thickness of about 240 mu m is obtained.
Example 4:
1) and (3) polishing the surface of the aluminum coating of the Q235 steel by using coarse sand paper, cleaning by using acetone to remove oil stains on the surface of the coating, wiping by using low-concentration nitric acid alcohol to remove an oxide film on the surface of the coating, and finally drying. A thin layer CJ401 of aluminum gas welding flux is applied to the surface of the aluminum coating.
2) Under the protection of argon with the gas flow of 20L/min, remelting treatment is carried out by adopting the technological parameters of 2.9mm of laser defocusing amount, 3mm of spot diameter, 1200W of laser power and 500mm/min of scanning speed, and the Fe-Al composite coating with the thickness of about 225 microns is obtained. As can be seen from FIG. 9(b), when the scanning speed was 500mm/min, the coating thickness gradually increased and the thickness increasing tendency gradually decreased as the laser power increased.

Claims (9)

1. A process for in-situ synthesis of Fe-Al coating by laser remelting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, performing sand blasting treatment on a metal matrix, and cleaning;
preparing a pure aluminum coating on the surface of the metal matrix by using an arc spraying technology;
cleaning the sprayed aluminum coating, and coating a layer of fluxing agent on the surface of the aluminum coating;
and fourthly, carrying out laser remelting on the cosolvent to synthesize the Fe-Al composite coating in situ under the condition of protecting the molten pool by inert gas.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein in the first step, the metal substrate is carbon steel.
3. The process of claim 2, wherein the carbon steel grade is Q235.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein in the step one, absolute alcohol and acetone are used for cleaning.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein in the second step, the thickness of the pure aluminum coating is 0.4mm, the voltage of the arc spraying is 28V, the current is 80A, the pressure of the applied compressed air is 0.5MPa, the spraying distance is 280mm, and the moving speed of the nozzle is 130 mm/s.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein in step three, the cleaning is performed with acetone alcohol.
7. The process of claim 1, wherein in step three, CJ401 Al flux is used as the co-solvent.
8. The process of claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the inert gas is argon.
9. The process of claim 1, wherein in the second step, the diameter of a light spot is 3mm, the defocusing amount of the laser is 2.9mm, the laser power is 1-1.4kW at a scanning speed of 600mm/min, and the laser power is 0.8-1.4 kW at a scanning speed of less than 600mm/min and 300 mm/min.
CN201911283109.XA 2019-12-13 2019-12-13 Process for in-situ synthesis of Fe-Al coating through laser remelting Pending CN111004992A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104928617A (en) * 2015-07-08 2015-09-23 常州大学 Laser remelting method for steel electric arc spraying aluminum coating layer used for ocean platform
CN105586562A (en) * 2015-11-27 2016-05-18 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 Process for remanufacturing piston rod of concrete pump truck
WO2018116856A1 (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-28 旭硝子株式会社 Method for forming sprayed film of intermetallic compound film, sprayed film, method for producing metal product having sprayed film, and glass conveying roll

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104928617A (en) * 2015-07-08 2015-09-23 常州大学 Laser remelting method for steel electric arc spraying aluminum coating layer used for ocean platform
CN105586562A (en) * 2015-11-27 2016-05-18 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 Process for remanufacturing piston rod of concrete pump truck
WO2018116856A1 (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-28 旭硝子株式会社 Method for forming sprayed film of intermetallic compound film, sprayed film, method for producing metal product having sprayed film, and glass conveying roll

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
化学工业部人事教育司等: "《化工防腐金属喷涂》", 30 November 1997, 化学工业出版社 *
程建等: "激光重熔合成Fe-Al涂层温度场及应力场数值模拟", 《材料热处理学报》 *

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Application publication date: 20200414