CN111003799A - Biological carrier for sewage treatment and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological carrier for sewage treatment and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111003799A CN111003799A CN201911408032.4A CN201911408032A CN111003799A CN 111003799 A CN111003799 A CN 111003799A CN 201911408032 A CN201911408032 A CN 201911408032A CN 111003799 A CN111003799 A CN 111003799A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
- C02F3/106—Carbonaceous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/32—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention relates to a biological carrier for sewage treatment and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a bacterial cellulose membrane by using a fermentation medium, purifying the bacterial cellulose membrane, freeze-drying to obtain bacterial cellulose aerogel, performing pyrolysis to prepare carbon nanofiber aerogel, and finally fluorinating the carbon nanofiber aerogel to obtain a biological carrier for sewage treatment. The biological carrier prepared by the invention has moderate wettability beneficial to microorganism adhesion, and shortens the time of microorganism biofilm formation. The biological carrier has a three-dimensional porous interconnected network structure and high biocompatibility, is beneficial to the growth of microorganisms, and improves the sewage treatment efficiency. And the raw materials of the biological carrier are environment-friendly, the preparation method is simple and convenient, and the technical requirements of the sustainable development strategy are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and particularly relates to a biological carrier for sewage treatment, which has high biocompatibility, moderate wettability and convenient management and maintenance, and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the pace of the social and economic development of China, the population number reaches a new height, the sewage discharge amount is continuously increased, and the pressure of water resource shortage is increased. Therefore, it is more and more important to develop a sewage treatment technology to make sewage reach the drainage standard or meet the water quality requirement for reuse so as to relieve the shortage of water resources.
Biological sewage treatment is one of the most widely used methods in modern sewage treatment. Biological treatment is a process of removing organic pollutants from sewage by means of the metabolic activity of microorganisms to convert the organic pollutants into stable harmless substances to be released or enriched. The biological treatment method has good treatment effect, low cost and stable operation, and is the core part of the current sewage treatment process. However, the prior biological treatment method still has a plurality of problems such as difficult attachment of microorganisms on the carrier, insufficient aeration of an aeration tank, slow growth of microorganisms, non-environmental protection of biological carrier materials and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing sewage biological treatment technology so as to realize high-efficiency sewage treatment.
The biological carrier used at present mainly comprises ceramsite, active carbon, PP, PE and other materials. Among them, plastic bio-carriers such as PP and PE are widely used, but plastic is vulnerable to environmental re-hazard. The biobased material is a green, environment-friendly and renewable material, and has recently attracted extensive attention in the field of material technology development. As a food country in China, the scale of food industry is not quite different, and the varieties cover brewing, meat, beverages, fresh fruits and vegetables and the like, and the products can generate a large amount of waste water containing organic matters during washing, soaking, scalding, equipment cleaning and other operations in the production and processing processes. The improper treatment of the waste water not only causes water pollution, but also causes the loss and waste of organic matters. However, the organic matters can be utilized by microorganisms to a certain extent, so that the food processing wastewater has potential application value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention uses the fermentation medium of which the main raw material is food processing wastewater to prepare the bacterial cellulose membrane, and further processes the bacterial cellulose membrane to obtain the fluorinated nano carbon fiber aerogel, namely a biological carrier for sewage treatment. The prepared biological carrier has moderate wettability favorable for microorganism adhesion and a three-dimensional porous interconnected network structure favorable for microorganism growth, and improves the sewage treatment efficiency. And the density of the biological carrier is small, the biological carrier floats on the water surface when in use, is convenient to install, disassemble and take, and is beneficial to daily inspection and maintenance.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
preparing a bacterial cellulose membrane, purifying the bacterial cellulose membrane, performing freeze drying to obtain bacterial cellulose aerogel, performing pyrolysis to obtain carbon nanofiber aerogel, and finally fluorinating the carbon nanofiber aerogel to obtain the biological carrier for sewage treatment. The method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of bacterial cellulose membrane: inoculating gluconacetobacter xylinus into sterilized liquid culture medium, and performing shake culture at 30 deg.C and 160r/min for 12-24 h; inoculating the cultured strain into sterilized fermentation medium, and standing at 30 deg.C for 9-20 days; separating out a bacterial cellulose membrane after the culture is finished;
(2) purification of bacterial cellulose membranes: immersing the bacterial cellulose membrane prepared in the step (1) in 0.2mol/L NaOH solution for 24-72h at room temperature to remove residual fermentation medium and thalli; then washing the bacterial cellulose membrane by using distilled water until the pH value of the washing wastewater is reduced to 7-7.5 to obtain a purified bacterial cellulose membrane;
(3) preparing the bacterial cellulose aerogel: cutting the bacterial cellulose membrane purified in the step (2) into a regular rectangle, and washing with deionized water for three times; removing excessive water on the surface of the bacterial cellulose membrane after flushing, freezing in liquid nitrogen, and freeze-drying at the sublimation temperature of-70 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 600kPa to form bacterial cellulose aerogel;
(4) preparing the nano carbon fiber aerogel: the bacterial cellulose aerogel prepared in the step (3) is put under flowing argon for 2 ℃ min-1The temperature is raised to 500 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and then the temperature is raised for 3 min-1The temperature rise rate is increased to 700-1000 ℃ and stabilized for 1h, and the carbon nanofiber aerogel is prepared by pyrolysis;
(5) fluorinated carbon nanofiber aerogel: fixing the carbon nanofiber aerogel prepared in the step (4) on a nickel net, then placing the nickel net into a nickel reactor, sealing the reactor, introducing nitrogen to discharge air in the reactor, heating to 350 ℃ at a heating rate of 10-18 ℃/min under the protection of nitrogen, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours for dehydration; then continuously heating to 380-450 ℃ at the heating rate of 10-18 ℃/min, and heating to 0.2Lmin under the atmospheric pressure-1The flow rate of the mixed gas is 1:8-10, and the volume ratio of fluorine gas to nitrogen gas is 15-30min, so that the fluorinated nano carbon fiber aerogel, namely a biological carrier for sewage treatment is obtained.
In the step (1), each liter of the liquid culture medium contains 25-30g of glucose, 6-7.5g of yeast extract, 8-10g of croton peptone, 3-4g of disodium phosphate and 1-1.3g of citric acid.
The fermentation medium in the step (1) is any one or a mixture of more of rice soaking water, bean curd processing wastewater, potato wastewater, pear residue hydrolysate or white gourd cutting strip crushing, steaming and dehydrating after being treated and added with auxiliary materials.
A biological carrier for sewage treatment prepared according to the preparation method.
The invention has the outstanding characteristics and beneficial effects that:
1. the biological carrier for sewage treatment prepared by the invention has a three-dimensional porous interconnected network structure and high biocompatibility, is beneficial to the adhesion growth of microorganisms, and promotes the rapid formation of a biological membrane.
2. The invention modifies the carbon nanofiber aerogel so that the contact angle of the carbon nanofiber aerogel is stabilized at 100-120 degrees which is beneficial to the adhesion and growth of microorganisms, and the carbon nanofiber aerogel is beneficial to the membrane formation of the microorganisms on a carrier, thereby improving the sewage treatment efficiency.
3. The biological carrier prepared by the invention has low density, floats on the water surface when in use, and the biomembrane on the surface of the biological carrier is easier to obtain oxygen in the air, so the biological carrier is particularly suitable for aerobic biological treatment, and the situations of low growth and reproduction speed of microorganisms and low treatment efficiency caused by insufficient aeration are prevented. And the biological carrier floats on the water surface, is convenient to install, disassemble and take, and is beneficial to daily inspection and maintenance.
4. The method for preparing the biological carrier by using the waste water generated in food processing as the main raw material is simple, convenient and environment-friendly, and meets the technical requirements of a sustainable development strategy.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to examples, which are provided for further illustration of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the disclosure of the present invention, and equivalents fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Example 1
Preparation work:
preparing a liquid culture medium, wherein the formula of the liquid culture medium comprises 25g/L of glucose, 6g/L of yeast extract, 8g/L of croton peptone, 3g/L of disodium phosphate and 1g/L of citric acid. And sterilizing for later use after preparation is finished.
Preparing a fermentation culture medium, diluting the naturally fermented potato wastewater according to a dilution ratio of 1:5, and adding 35g/L of sucrose, 16ml/L of ethanol, 3g/L of calcium chloride, 0.6g/L of magnesium sulfate and 1.3g/L of monopotassium phosphate. The pH value of the prepared culture medium is 5.0-5.5, and the culture medium is sterilized for later use.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) acetobacter xylinum was inoculated into a sterilized liquid medium and cultured at 30 ℃ for 15 hours with shaking at 160 r/min. After completion of the culture, the culture was inoculated into a sterilized fermentation medium and subjected to static culture at 30 ℃ for 12 days. After the completion of the incubation, a bacterial cellulose membrane was isolated.
(2) The bacterial cellulose membrane was immersed in 0.2mol/L NaOH solution at room temperature for 24h to remove residual fermentation medium and bacterial cells. And then washing the bacterial cellulose membrane by using distilled water until the pH value of the washing wastewater is reduced to 7-7.5 to obtain the purified bacterial cellulose membrane.
(3) The purified bacterial cellulose membrane was cut into regular rectangles and rinsed three times with deionized water. Removing excessive water on the surface of the bacterial cellulose membrane after flushing, freezing in liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃), and freeze-drying at the sublimation temperature of-70 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 600kPa to form the bacterial cellulose aerogel.
(4) The bacterial cellulose aerogel prepared in the step (3) is put under flowing argon for 2 ℃ min-1The temperature is raised to 500 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and then the temperature is raised for 3 min-1The temperature is raised to 800 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and the carbon nanofiber aerogel is prepared by pyrolysis.
(5) Fixing the carbon nanofiber aerogel on a nickel net, then placing the nickel aerogel into a nickel reactor, sealing the reactor, introducing nitrogen to discharge air in the reactor, heating to 350 ℃ at a heating rate of 16 ℃/min under the protection of the nitrogen, and carrying out constant-temperature dehydration for 2 hours. Then continuously increasing the temperature at a heating rate of 10 ℃/minWarming to 400 deg.C, and adding 0.2Lmin under atmospheric pressure-1The flow rate of (2) was adjusted so that the mixed gas of fluorine gas and nitrogen gas was passed at a volume ratio of 1:10 for 20 min. The obtained fluorinated nano carbon fiber aerogel is a biological carrier for sewage treatment.
Example 2
Preparation work:
preparing a liquid culture medium, wherein the formula of the liquid culture medium comprises 25g/L of glucose, 6g/L of yeast extract, 8g/L of croton peptone, 3g/L of disodium phosphate and 1g/L of citric acid. And sterilizing for later use after preparation is finished.
Preparing a fermentation culture medium, diluting the naturally fermented potato wastewater according to a dilution ratio of 1:5, and adding 35g/L of sucrose, 16ml/L of ethanol, 3g/L of calcium chloride, 0.6g/L of magnesium sulfate and 1.3g/L of monopotassium phosphate. The pH value of the prepared culture medium is 5.0-5.5, and the culture medium is sterilized for later use.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) acetobacter xylinum was inoculated into a sterilized liquid medium and cultured at 30 ℃ for 24 hours with shaking at 160 r/min. After completion of the culture, the culture was inoculated into a sterilized fermentation medium and allowed to stand for 15 days at 30 ℃. After the completion of the incubation, a bacterial cellulose membrane was isolated.
(2) The bacterial cellulose membrane was immersed in 0.2mol/L NaOH solution at room temperature for 36h to remove residual fermentation medium and bacterial cells. And then washing the bacterial cellulose membrane by using distilled water until the pH value of the washing wastewater is reduced to 7-7.5 to obtain the purified bacterial cellulose membrane.
(3) The purified bacterial cellulose membrane was cut into regular rectangles and rinsed three times with deionized water. Removing excessive water on the surface of the bacterial cellulose membrane after flushing, freezing in liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃), and freeze-drying at the sublimation temperature of-70 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 600kPa to form the bacterial cellulose aerogel.
(4) The bacterial cellulose aerogel prepared in the step (3) is put under flowing argon for 2 ℃ min-1The temperature is raised to 500 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and then the temperature is raised for 3 min-1The temperature is raised to 800 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and the carbon nanofiber aerogel is prepared by pyrolysis.
(5) Fixing the nano carbon fiber aerogel to nickelAnd (3) putting the nickel-containing material into a nickel reactor after the net is connected, introducing nitrogen to discharge air in the reactor after the reactor is closed, heating to 350 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃/min under the protection of the nitrogen, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours for dehydration. Then continuously heating to 380 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and performing heating at the atmospheric pressure with the heating rate of 0.2Lmin-1The flow rate of (2) was adjusted so that the mixed gas of fluorine gas and nitrogen gas was passed at a volume ratio of 1:10 for 20 min. The obtained fluorinated nano carbon fiber aerogel is a biological carrier for sewage treatment.
Example 3
Preparation work:
preparing a liquid culture medium, wherein the formula of the liquid culture medium comprises 30g/L of glucose, 6g/L of yeast extract, 9g/L of croton peptone, 4g/L of disodium phosphate and 1g/L of citric acid. And sterilizing for later use after preparation is finished.
Preparing a fermentation culture medium, and adding 25g/L of sucrose, 5g/L of beef extract, 4g/L of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.9g/L of citric acid and 16ml/L of ethanol into the pear residue hydrolysate. The pH value of the prepared culture medium is 5.5-6.0, and the culture medium is sterilized for later use.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) acetobacter xylinum was inoculated into a sterilized liquid medium and cultured at 30 ℃ for 18 hours with shaking at 160 r/min. After completion of the culture, the culture was inoculated into a sterilized fermentation medium and subjected to static culture at 30 ℃ for 11 days. After the completion of the incubation, a bacterial cellulose membrane was isolated.
(2) The bacterial cellulose membrane was immersed in 0.2mol/L NaOH solution at room temperature for 48h to remove residual fermentation medium and bacterial cells. And then washing the bacterial cellulose membrane by using distilled water until the pH value of the washing wastewater is reduced to 7-7.5 to obtain the purified bacterial cellulose membrane.
(3) The purified bacterial cellulose membrane was cut into regular rectangles and rinsed three times with deionized water. Removing excessive water on the surface of the bacterial cellulose membrane after flushing, freezing in liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃), and freeze-drying at the sublimation temperature of-70 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 600kPa to form the bacterial cellulose aerogel.
(4) The bacterial cellulose aerogel prepared in the step (3) is put under flowing argon for 2 ℃ min-1The temperature rising rate is increased to 500 ℃ and stabilized for 1 hour,then at 3 deg.C for min-1The temperature is raised to 750 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and the nano carbon fiber aerogel is prepared by pyrolysis.
(5) Fixing the carbon nanofiber aerogel on a nickel net, then placing the nickel aerogel into a nickel reactor, sealing the reactor, introducing nitrogen to discharge air in the reactor, heating to 350 ℃ at a heating rate of 18 ℃/min under the protection of the nitrogen, and carrying out constant-temperature dehydration for 2 hours. Then the temperature is increased to 420 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is increased to 0.2Lmin under the atmospheric pressure-1Flow rate of (3) through a mixed gas of fluorine gas and nitrogen gas at a volume ratio of 1:8 for 15 min. The obtained fluorinated nano carbon fiber aerogel is a biological carrier for sewage treatment.
Example 4
Preparation work:
preparing a liquid culture medium, wherein the formula of the liquid culture medium comprises 30g/L of glucose, 6g/L of yeast extract, 9g/L of croton peptone, 4g/L of disodium phosphate and 1g/L of citric acid. And sterilizing for later use after preparation is finished.
Preparing a fermentation culture medium, and adding 25g/L of sucrose, 5g/L of beef extract, 4g/Lg of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.9g/L of citric acid and 16ml/L of ethanol into the pear residue hydrolysate. The pH value of the prepared culture medium is 5.5-6.0, and the culture medium is sterilized for later use.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) acetobacter xylinum was inoculated into a sterilized liquid medium and cultured at 30 ℃ for 24 hours with shaking at 160 r/min. After completion of the culture, the culture was inoculated into a sterilized fermentation medium and allowed to stand at 30 ℃ for 17 days. After the completion of the incubation, a bacterial cellulose membrane was isolated.
(2) The bacterial cellulose membrane was immersed in 0.2mol/L NaOH solution at room temperature for 48h to remove residual fermentation medium and bacterial cells. And then washing the bacterial cellulose membrane by using distilled water until the pH value of the washing wastewater is reduced to 7-7.5 to obtain the purified bacterial cellulose membrane.
(3) The purified bacterial cellulose membrane was cut into regular rectangles and rinsed three times with deionized water. Removing excessive water on the surface of the bacterial cellulose membrane after flushing, freezing in liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃), and freeze-drying at the sublimation temperature of-70 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 600kPa to form the bacterial cellulose aerogel.
(4) The bacterial cellulose aerogel prepared in the step (3) is put under flowing argon for 2 ℃ min-1The temperature is raised to 500 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and then the temperature is raised for 3 min-1The temperature is raised to 750 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and the nano carbon fiber aerogel is prepared by pyrolysis.
(5) Fixing the carbon nanofiber aerogel on a nickel net, then placing the nickel aerogel into a nickel reactor, sealing the reactor, introducing nitrogen to discharge air in the reactor, heating to 350 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃/min under the protection of the nitrogen, and carrying out constant-temperature dehydration for 2 hours. Then the temperature is increased to 420 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃/min, and the temperature is increased to 0.2Lmin under the atmospheric pressure-1The flow rate of (2) was adjusted so that the mixed gas of fluorine gas and nitrogen gas was passed at a volume ratio of 1:10 for 30 min. The obtained fluorinated nano carbon fiber aerogel is a biological carrier for sewage treatment.
Example 5
Preparation work:
a liquid culture medium is prepared, and the formula of the liquid culture medium comprises 23g/L of glucose, 7g/L of yeast extract, 9g/L of croton peptone, 3g/L of disodium phosphate and 1.1g/L of citric acid. And sterilizing for later use after preparation is finished.
Preparing a fermentation culture medium, and adding 25g/L of sucrose, 4g/L of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.9g/L of citric acid and 12ml/L of ethanol into the bean curd processing wastewater. The pH value of the prepared culture medium is 5.5-6.0, and the culture medium is sterilized for later use.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) acetobacter xylinum was inoculated into a sterilized liquid medium and cultured at 30 ℃ for 18 hours with shaking at 160 r/min. After completion of the culture, the culture was inoculated into a sterilized fermentation medium and allowed to stand for 20 days at 30 ℃. After the completion of the incubation, a bacterial cellulose membrane was isolated.
(2) The bacterial cellulose membrane was immersed in 0.2mol/L NaOH solution at room temperature for 48h to remove residual fermentation medium and bacterial cells. And then washing the bacterial cellulose membrane by using distilled water until the pH value of the washing wastewater is reduced to 7-7.5 to obtain the purified bacterial cellulose membrane.
(3) The purified bacterial cellulose membrane was cut into regular rectangles and rinsed three times with deionized water. Removing excessive water on the surface of the bacterial cellulose membrane after flushing, freezing in liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃), and freeze-drying at the sublimation temperature of-70 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 600kPa to form the bacterial cellulose aerogel.
(4) The bacterial cellulose aerogel prepared in the step (3) is put under flowing argon for 2 ℃ min-1The temperature is raised to 500 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and then the temperature is raised for 3 min-1The temperature is raised to 1000 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and the carbon nanofiber aerogel is prepared by pyrolysis.
(5) Fixing the carbon nanofiber aerogel on a nickel net, then placing the nickel aerogel into a nickel reactor, sealing the reactor, introducing nitrogen to discharge air in the reactor, heating to 350 ℃ at a heating rate of 18 ℃/min under the protection of the nitrogen, and carrying out constant-temperature dehydration for 2 hours. Then the temperature is increased to 450 ℃ at a temperature increase rate of 15 ℃/min, and the temperature is increased to 0.2Lmin under the atmospheric pressure-1The flow rate of (2) was adjusted to flow a mixed gas of fluorine gas and nitrogen gas at a volume ratio of 1:9 for 25 min. The obtained fluorinated nano carbon fiber aerogel is a biological carrier for sewage treatment.
Example 6
Preparation work:
a liquid culture medium is prepared, and the formula of the liquid culture medium comprises 23g/L of glucose, 7g/L of yeast extract, 9g/L of croton peptone, 3g/L of disodium phosphate and 1.1g/L of citric acid. And sterilizing for later use after preparation is finished.
Preparing a fermentation culture medium, and adding 25g/L of sucrose, 4g/L of disodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.9g/L of citric acid and 12ml/L of ethanol into the bean curd processing wastewater. The pH value of the prepared culture medium is 5.5-6.0, and the culture medium is sterilized for later use.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) acetobacter xylinum was inoculated into a sterilized liquid medium and cultured at 30 ℃ for 24 hours with shaking at 160 r/min. After completion of the culture, the culture was inoculated into a sterilized fermentation medium and allowed to stand at 30 ℃ for 17 days. After the completion of the incubation, a bacterial cellulose membrane was isolated.
(2) The bacterial cellulose membrane was immersed in 0.2mol/L NaOH solution at room temperature for 72h to remove residual fermentation medium and bacterial cells. And then washing the bacterial cellulose membrane by using distilled water until the pH value of the washing wastewater is reduced to 7-7.5 to obtain the purified bacterial cellulose membrane.
(3) The purified bacterial cellulose membrane was cut into regular rectangles and rinsed three times with deionized water. Removing excessive water on the surface of the bacterial cellulose membrane after flushing, freezing in liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃), and freeze-drying at the sublimation temperature of-70 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 600kPa to form the bacterial cellulose aerogel.
(4) The bacterial cellulose aerogel prepared in the step (3) is put under flowing argon for 2 ℃ min-1The temperature is raised to 500 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and then the temperature is raised for 3 min-1The temperature is raised to 1000 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and the carbon nanofiber aerogel is prepared by pyrolysis.
(5) Fixing the carbon nanofiber aerogel on a nickel net, then placing the nickel aerogel into a nickel reactor, sealing the reactor, introducing nitrogen to discharge air in the reactor, heating to 350 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃/min under the protection of the nitrogen, and carrying out constant-temperature dehydration for 2 hours. Then the temperature is increased to 430 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃/min, and the temperature is increased to 0.2Lmin under the atmospheric pressure-1The flow rate of (2) was adjusted to flow a mixed gas of fluorine gas and nitrogen gas at a volume ratio of 1:9 for 25 min. The obtained fluorinated nano carbon fiber aerogel is a biological carrier for sewage treatment.
The following table shows that the contact angles of the bio-carriers prepared in examples 1 to 6 of the present invention are 100 to 120, which is advantageous for adhesion of microorganisms; the film formation is completed only in 8-12 days.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a biological carrier for sewage treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of bacterial cellulose membrane: inoculating gluconacetobacter xylinus into sterilized liquid culture medium, and performing shake culture at 30 deg.C and 160r/min for 12-24 h; inoculating the cultured strain into sterilized fermentation medium, and standing at 30 deg.C for 9-20 days; separating out a bacterial cellulose membrane after the culture is finished;
(2) purification of bacterial cellulose membranes: immersing the bacterial cellulose membrane prepared in the step (1) in 0.2mol/L NaOH solution for 24-72h at room temperature to remove residual fermentation medium and thalli; then washing the bacterial cellulose membrane by using distilled water until the pH value of the washing wastewater is reduced to 7-7.5 to obtain a purified bacterial cellulose membrane;
(3) preparing the bacterial cellulose aerogel: cutting the bacterial cellulose membrane purified in the step (2) into a regular rectangle, and washing with deionized water for three times; removing excessive water on the surface of the bacterial cellulose membrane after flushing, freezing in liquid nitrogen, and freeze-drying at the sublimation temperature of-70 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 600kPa to form bacterial cellulose aerogel;
(4) preparing the nano carbon fiber aerogel: the bacterial cellulose aerogel prepared in the step (3) is put under flowing argon for 2 ℃ min-1The temperature is raised to 500 ℃ at the temperature raising rate and stabilized for 1 hour, and then the temperature is raised for 3 min-1The temperature rise rate is increased to 700-1000 ℃ and stabilized for 1h, and the carbon nanofiber aerogel is prepared by pyrolysis;
(5) fluorinated carbon nanofiber aerogel: fixing the carbon nanofiber aerogel prepared in the step (4) on a nickel net, then placing the nickel net into a nickel reactor, sealing the reactor, introducing nitrogen to discharge air in the reactor, heating to 350 ℃ at a heating rate of 10-18 ℃/min under the protection of nitrogen, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours for dehydration; then continuously heating to 380-450 ℃ at the heating rate of 10-18 ℃/min, and heating to 0.2Lmin under the atmospheric pressure-1The flow rate of the mixed gas is 1:8-10, and the volume ratio of fluorine gas to nitrogen gas is 15-30min, so that the fluorinated nano carbon fiber aerogel, namely a biological carrier for sewage treatment is obtained.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), each liter of the liquid culture medium contains 25-30g of glucose, 6-7.5g of yeast extract, 8-10g of croton peptone, 3-4g of disodium phosphate and 1-1.3g of citric acid.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the fermentation medium in the step (1) is any one or a mixture of more of rice soaking water, bean curd processing wastewater, potato wastewater, pear residue hydrolysate or white gourd cutting strip crushing, steaming and dehydrating after being treated and added with auxiliary materials.
4. A bio-carrier for wastewater treatment prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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| CN111591972A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-28 | 华东交通大学 | Super-elastic hydrophilic all-carbon aerogel and preparation method thereof |
| CN111591972B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2022-12-23 | 华东交通大学 | Super-elastic hydrophilic all-carbon aerogel and preparation method thereof |
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