CN110997288B - 具有阻挡层的多层复合物的焊接方法 - Google Patents

具有阻挡层的多层复合物的焊接方法 Download PDF

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CN110997288B
CN110997288B CN201880053832.6A CN201880053832A CN110997288B CN 110997288 B CN110997288 B CN 110997288B CN 201880053832 A CN201880053832 A CN 201880053832A CN 110997288 B CN110997288 B CN 110997288B
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seam
sealing surfaces
treatment section
sealing
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CN110997288A (zh
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N·肖尔茨
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Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/006—Preventing damaging, e.g. of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/345—Progressively making the joint, e.g. starting from the middle
    • B29C66/3452—Making complete joints by combining partial joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81425—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being stepped, e.g. comprising a shoulder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8167—Quick change joining tools or surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/22—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding
    • B65B51/225—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means, i.e. by friction or ultrasonic or induction welding by ultrasonic welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种材料幅材的焊接方法，材料幅材各自由具有阻挡层的多层复合物构成并且经由密封接缝彼此连接。为了提供一种焊接方法，借助该焊接方法可以产生密封接缝，该密封接缝一方面满足对强度的最高要求，另一方面防止光特别是紫外光穿透进入待包装的产品中，根据本发明，通过将两个工具的两个密封表面引导在一起来产生密封接缝，其中，将材料幅材布置在密封表面之间，并且所产生的密封接缝具有位于彼此相邻的两个接缝，即主要接缝和次要接缝，并且，在生产主要接缝期间，两个密封表面在材料幅材上施加主要焊接压力，并且，在生产次要接缝期间，两个密封表面在材料幅材上施加次要焊接压力，其中，次要焊接压力至少在某些部段中低于主要焊接压力，并且在次要处理步骤中，两个密封表面中的至少一个是结构化的。

Description

具有阻挡层的多层复合物的焊接方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种生产密封接缝的方法，该密封接缝将多层复合物的两个材料幅材与阻挡层相连接，其中，两个材料幅材定位在第一工具和第二工具的密封表面之间。
背景技术
为了产生密封接缝，例如使用焊接工具。在那种情况下，密封接缝是两个材料幅材之间的连接接缝。密封意指连接材料幅材表面。通常，这是通过高温作用实现的。密封接缝特别用于生产和闭合袋子和麻袋，以及在包装工业中将覆盖膜应用到罐或托盘。
焊接工具具有宽度为b的密封表面。为了产生密封接缝，可选地在压力下将密封表面压在待处理的材料幅材上。通常，存在相应的配对工具，以便将待处理的材料幅材夹持在焊接工具和配对工具之间。
这种方法和焊接工具是已知的。EP 1 241 098涉及一种用于封围填充有可倾倒食品的包装材料的壁的超声横向密封设备。EP 0 435 638涉及一种适用于食物包装的密封容器，其包括具有凸缘部分和盖子的塑料主体，其中可以容易地拉下盖子，以及一种制造该密封容器的方法。
复合膜特别是在包装工业中经常使用，其包括针对各个使用情况优化的各个层。这种复合膜也称为多层复合物。通常涉及所谓的阻挡层。它可以包括例如铝，并用于保护包装有复合膜的产品免受光辐照，特别是免受紫外光照射。作为示例，这种复合膜可包括四层，即纸层、PE层、铝层和PE层。
通常，将密封接缝引入到已经放置了待包装产品的材料幅材中，从而有必要考虑以下事实：在某些情况下，将要焊接在一起的两个材料幅材之间仍然存在产品残留物，并且这些产品残留物会导致难以焊接材料幅材。
通常，可以通过增加将焊接工具压在材料幅材上的压力来提高焊接质量，即，将两个材料幅材固定在一起的强度。还已知的是，焊接工具以及可选地相对地设置的配对工具也设有轮廓，使得将相应的轮廓压入材料幅材中，并且在这种情况下，增强了强度并且更好地将产品残留物移出处理区域。
然而，使用带轮廓的密封表面并经常增加压力会导致阻挡层受损，因此，实际上，尽管在材料幅材之间已发生了牢固的连接，但是紫外光可以少量地穿透进入袋子中，这可能会对包装产品的质量产生不利影响。
仅当降低材料幅材上的压力时才可以防止这种情况，然而这可能导致材料幅材之间的连接不满足强度要求，特别是如果在材料幅材之间存在产品残留物时。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种焊接方法，利用该焊接方法能够产生密封接缝，该密封接缝一方面满足在强度方面的极高要求，并且另一方面防止光、特别是紫外光能够穿透进入待包装的产品中。
该目的的实现在于，将两个材料幅材定位在第一工具和第二工具的密封表面之间，使得材料幅材的将要连接在一起的部分位于彼此之上并且在密封表面之间，两个工具朝向彼此移动，使得用于产生密封接缝的两个密封表面朝向彼此加压，其中，第一工具是超声波超声焊极，当两个密封表面朝向彼此加压时，超声波超声焊极受到超声波振动的激励，并且密封接缝是通过两个相互并置的接缝、即主要接缝和次要接缝而产生的，其中，将密封表面选择成使得在主要处理部分中两个密封表面之间的最大间距小于在第一次要处理部分中的两个密封表面之间的最大间距，其中，主要处理部分和次要处理部分处于相互并置关系，使得在主要接缝的产生中，两个密封表面在材料幅材上施加主要焊接压力，而在次要接缝的产生中，两个密封表面在材料幅材上施加次要焊接压力，其中，次要焊接压力至少部分地(abschnittsweise)小于主要焊接压力，其中，由次要处理部分产生的次要接缝面向待封围在材料幅材中的产品，而由主要处理部分产生的主要接缝背离待封围在材料幅材中的产品，其中，在焊接操作期间，材料幅材保持在它们的位置中，并且在次要处理部分中，两个密封表面中的至少一个是结构化的。
在这方面，主要接缝和次要接缝应直接彼此邻接，使得主要接缝和次要接缝平行于彼此延伸。密封接缝相应地包括通过施加相对较高的压力产生的部分和通过施加相对较低的压力产生的部分。主要接缝具有比次要接缝更大的强度。应当注意，关于主要接缝，存在阻挡层已经损坏的风险。因为用于产生次要接缝的压力较低，所以在次要接缝的情况下损坏阻挡层的风险明显较低。
因此，主要接缝在主要处理部分中产生，而次要接缝在次要处理部分中产生。主要接缝和次要接缝可在单个处理步骤中同时产生。
因此，根据本发明的方法产生密封接缝，其中，由于较小的最大距离，在主要处理部分的区域中将更大的力施加到材料幅材，从而在该区域中在材料幅材之间产生牢固的连接。第一次要处理部分直接邻接主要处理部分，其区别在于，两个密封表面之间的最大距离更大，使得在此处传递到材料幅材的力变小并且在次要处理部分的区域中能够确保不会切断可能存在的阻挡层。
相应的密封接缝然后取向为使得密封接缝的由次要处理部分产生的部分朝向待包装的产品，而密封接缝的由主要处理部分产生的部分背离产品。
在较佳的实施例中，主要接缝的宽度大于次要接缝的宽度。特别较佳地，主要接缝的宽度是次要接缝的宽度的至少两倍。
在该方法的较佳实施例中，密封接缝取向成使得次要接缝面向待包装的产品。
在另一特别较佳的实施形式中规定，将密封表面选择成使得除了主要处理部分之外还以与第一次要处理部分相对的关系设置第二次要处理部分，其中，在第二次要处理部分中的两个密封表面之间的最大间距大于在主要处理部分中的两个密封表面之间的最大间距。
因此，利用该方法产生的密封接缝的区别在于，在中心部分产生了牢固的连接，其中，在由第一次要处理部分和第二次要处理部分产生的两个外部部分中，材料幅材的连接不太牢固，但是确保没有切断可能存在的铝层。
可以通过将例如凹槽的凹部引入密封表面中增加相互相对的密封表面之间的最大距离。例如，可以将凹槽引入次要处理部分的区域中，使得结果是包括截头棱锥的结构化表面。在这种情况下，每个截头棱锥的顶侧位于与主要处理部分完全相同的平面中。
替代地或与其组合，次要处理部分也可以相对于主要处理部分缩进。例如，截头棱锥结构的上表面可以比主要处理部分提供的表面“更低”。
将理解的是，密封表面不必是平坦的。如果焊接工具在处理操作中绕其轴线旋转，使得可以连续产生密封接缝，则焊接工具以及因此密封表面也可能在圆柱形表面上实现。
在用于该方法的焊接工具的实施例中规定，密封表面具有在纵向方向上延伸的主要部分和在纵向方向上延伸的第一次要部分，其中，该主要部分和第一次要部分彼此邻接，其中，第一次要部分相对于主要部分以与密封表面上的法向矢量的方向相反的关系以距离a＞0mm至少部分地缩进。
术语“密封表面上的法向矢量”用于表示垂直于密封表面取向的矢量，并且该矢量的方向取向为使得其指向远离焊接工具。
密封表面例如可以是基本上平坦的，在这种情况下，然后将带有密封表面的用于产生密封接缝的焊接工具压到材料幅材上延续预定的时间段。
作为其替代，密封表面也可以位于圆柱体的周向表面上。在那种情况下，焊接工具绕圆柱体的轴线旋转，使得密封表面在材料幅材上滚动。借助于这种工具可以产生连续的密封接缝。
然而，重要的是，除了主要部分之外，还存在第一次要部分，该第一次要部分相对于主要部分至少部分地缩进，结果是在次要部分的区域中将较小的力施加到材料幅材，从而可以设置成降低材料幅材中包含的例如铝层的阻挡层被穿透的风险。
因此，通过使用焊接工具，产生了密封接缝，该密封接缝包括在纵向方向上以相互并置的关系延伸的两个区域，其中，由密封表面的主要部分产生的该区域已经以更大的压力产生，使得可以期望材料幅材良好地焊接在一起，并且已经在较低的压力下产生了由密封表面的次要部分产生的区域，从而确保了不会损坏阻挡层，如果该阻挡层存在的话。
在较佳实施例中，使用焊接工具，其中密封表面具有第二次要部分，其中，主要部分和第二次要部分彼此邻接，使得第一次要部分和第二次要部分定位在主要部分的相对两侧上，其中，第二次要部分相对于主要部分以与密封表面上的法向矢量的方向相反的关系以距离a＞0mm至少部分地缩进。
换言之，在主要部分的每一侧上都有适当缩进的次要部分。
该焊接工具可用于从材料幅材焊接许多袋子。产生的密封接缝具有主要接缝，该主要接缝布置在中心，并且由主要部分形成，在主要接缝中发生牢固焊接。该主要接缝可以在纵向上切通以分离各个包装部分。
原则上，已经可以通过将一结构引入到次要部分的区域中的密封表面中来实施根据本发明的方法。例如，可以将凹槽引入到次要部分中。这些凹槽可以例如具有这样的构造，即截头棱锥保留在次要部分中。在那种情况下，截头棱锥的顶侧将与密封表面的主要部分精确地布置在相同的水平上。在截头棱锥之间然而存在相对于主要部分缩进的区域。
在该方法的另一较佳实施例中，使用一种焊接工具，其中，整个第一次要部分相对于主要部分以与密封表面上的法向矢量的方向相反的关系以距离a＞0mm缩进。较佳地，如果存在第二次要部分，则整个第二次要部分也适当地缩进。
如果次要部分具有结构化的表面，例如上述的截头棱锥结构，则在该实施例中，截头棱锥的顶侧也缩进，以使得没有次要部分的区域在与主要部分的密封表面相同的水平上。
在那种情况下，距离a可以相对较小，但是应尽可能地超过0.002mm，并且较佳地超过0.004mm。
如果距离a小于0.5mm、较佳地小于0.05mm并且特别较佳地小于0.01mm，则通常已经达到了效果。如果距离a选择得太大，则不再形成任何次要接缝，并且阻挡层不再完全封围产品。
特别较佳地，使用一种焊接工具，其中，配对工具具有所述的主要部分以及一个或多个次要部分。
附图说明
从以下对根据本发明的方法所使用的焊接工具的较佳实施例的描述以及附图中，本发明的其它优点、特征和可能的用途将变得显而易见。
图1示出了用于根据本发明的方法的焊接工具的实施例的立体图，
图2示出了通过图1的焊接工具的实施例的局部立体剖面图，
图3示出了焊接工具的密封表面的平面图，以及
图4示出了通过焊接工具的剖面图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了用于执行根据本发明的方法的焊接工具的实施例的立体图。焊接工具具有借助幅值变换器5连接到转换器4的超声焊极1。转换器4将交流电压转换成机械超声振动。为此目的，转换器4具有一系列压电元件。由转换器4产生的机械超声振动借助于幅值变换器5在振动幅值方面进行修改。该振动由超声焊极1执行。完整的超声波振动***包括超声焊极1、幅值变换器5和保持在保持器3中的转换器4，该保持器对振动***的振动特性的影响尽可能小。
超声焊极1具有在图1中向下引导的密封表面。配对工具2与超声焊极1的密封表面以相对的关系布置，该配对工具也具有在图1中向上取向的密封表面，因此两个密封表面、即超声焊极1的密封表面和配对工具2的密封表面是相对的。
为了产生密封接缝，将待连接在一起的材料幅材设置在超声焊极1和配对工具2之间。超声焊极1然后可以与超声振动***一起在配对工具2的方向上移动，使得材料幅材不仅与配对工具2的密封表面进行接触，而且与超声焊极1的密封表面进行接触。结果，通过超声焊极将超声振动施加到材料幅材上，这导致各个材料幅材的局部熔化并且其相互连接。
图2示出了通过超声焊极1和配对工具2的立体剖面图。
可以看到，超声焊极1具有面向配对工具2的结构化密封表面。该结构化表面可以包括例如截头棱锥。
配对工具2的密封表面包括在纵向方向上延伸的主要部分7。在所示的实施例中，主要部分7是平坦的，即主要部分没有任何结构。在主要部分7的两侧上布置有相应的次要部分8、9。在所示的示例中，已经将一结构引入到次要部分8、9中，即面向超声焊极1的表面已经部分地缩进或凹入。
这样的结果是，在超声焊极1的密封表面和配对工具2的密封表面之间的材料幅材的焊接在主要部分7的区域中比在次要部分8、9的区域中以更大的力实现。特别是当使用具有例如铝层的阻挡层的多层纸复合物，在主要部分7的区域中会发生对铝层的损坏，结果是空气可以从该处进入包装袋中。然而，由于存在次要部分8、9，该次要部分8、9允许以较小的力进行焊接，而在次要部分8、9的区域中不会发生对铝层的损坏，使得光并且特别是紫外光不能穿透密封接缝的已经借助次要部分8、9产生的部分。
图3再次以平面图示出了配对工具2的密封表面结构。此处也能够看出主要部分7是平坦的，而次要部分8、9是结构化的。在所示的示例中，V形凹槽以相对于彼此成直角的方式引入到表面中，使得这给出了截头棱锥结构。将凹槽的取向选择成使得它们包括与纵向方向成45°的角度。
图4示出了通过配对工具2的另一剖面图。在此将看出，整个密封表面、即结构化的次要部分8、9的截头棱锥的顶侧也相对于主要部分7的平面以距离a缩进。为了说明的目的，距离a在此处以极夸大的形式示出。然而，实际上，已经发现距离a可以在0.005mm至0.01mm的范围内以实现效果。
附图标记列表
1 超声焊极
2 配对工具
3 保持器
4 转换器
5 幅值变换器
7 主要部分
8、9 次要部分

Claims (14)

1.一种产生密封接缝的方法，所述密封接缝连接具有阻挡层的多层复合物的两个材料幅材，其中，将所述两个材料幅材定位在第一工具(1)和第二工具(2)的密封表面之间，使得所述材料幅材的将要连接在一起的部分位于彼此之上并且在所述密封表面之间，所述第一工具(1)和所述第二工具(2)朝向彼此移动，使得用于产生所述密封接缝的所述密封表面朝向彼此加压，其中，所述第一工具是超声波超声焊极(1)，当所述两个密封表面朝向彼此加压时，所述超声波超声焊极受到超声波振动的激励，并且所述密封接缝是通过两个相互并置的接缝、即主要接缝和次要接缝而产生的，其中，将所述密封表面选择成使得在主要处理部分中所述两个密封表面之间的最大间距小于在第一次要处理部分中的所述两个密封表面之间的最大间距，其中，所述主要处理部分和所述次要处理部分处于相互并置关系，使得在所述主要接缝的产生中，所述两个密封表面在所述材料幅材上施加主要焊接压力，而在所述次要接缝的产生中，所述两个密封表面在所述材料幅材上施加次要焊接压力，其中，由所述次要处理部分产生的所述次要接缝面向待封围在所述材料幅材中的产品，而由所述主要处理部分产生的所述主要接缝背离待封围在所述材料幅材中的产品，其中，所述次要焊接压力至少部分地小于所述主要焊接压力，其中，在焊接操作期间，所述材料幅材保持在它们的位置中，并且在所述次要处理部分中，所述两个密封表面中的至少一个具有结构元件。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，将所述密封表面选择成使得除了所述主要处理部分之外还以与所述第一次要处理部分相对的关系设置第二次要处理部分，其中，在所述第二次要处理部分中的所述两个密封表面之间的最大间距大于在所述主要处理部分中的所述两个密封表面之间的最大间距。
3.根据权利要求1和2中的一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述结构元件为截头棱锥的形式。
4.一种具有密封表面的焊接工具的用途，所述密封表面旨在与待处理的材料接触，其中，所述密封表面的宽度为b，用于执行根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述密封表面具有在纵向方向上延伸的主要部分和在所述纵向方向上延伸的第一次要部分，其中，所述主要部分(7)和所述第一次要部分(8)彼此邻接，其中，所述第一次要部分(8)相对于所述主要部分(7)以与所述密封表面上的法向矢量的方向相反的关系以距离a＞0mm至少部分地缩进。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用途，其特征在于，所述密封表面具有第二次要部分(9)，其中，所述主要部分(7)和所述第二次要部分(9)彼此邻接，使得所述第一次要部分(8)和所述第二次要部分(9)定位在所述主要部分(7)的相对两侧上，其中，所述第二次要部分(9)相对于所述主要部分(7)以与所述密封表面上的法向矢量的方向相反的关系以距离a＞0mm至少部分地缩进。
6.根据权利要求4所述的用途，其特征在于，整个所述第一次要部分(8)相对于所述主要部分(7)以与所述密封表面上的法向矢量的方向相反的关系以距离a＞0mm缩进。
7.根据权利要求4所述的用途，其特征在于，所述距离a＞0.002mm。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用途，其特征在于，所述距离a＞0.004mm。
9.根据权利要求7所述的用途，其特征在于，所述距离a小于0.5mm。
10.根据权利要求8所述的用途，其特征在于，所述距离a＜0.05mm。
11.根据权利要求10所述的用途，其特征在于，所述距离a＜0.01mm。
12.根据权利要求4所述的用途，其特征在于，所述焊接工具是超声焊极(1)或用于超声焊极的配对工具(2)。
13.根据权利要求4至12中的一项所述的用途，其特征在于，所述第一次要部分(8)具有结构元件。
14.根据权利要求13所述的用途，其特征在于，所述结构元件为截头棱锥的形式。
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