CN110990968B - Design method for high-speed polishing process parameters of spherical optical lens - Google Patents
Design method for high-speed polishing process parameters of spherical optical lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN110990968B CN110990968B CN201911171801.3A CN201911171801A CN110990968B CN 110990968 B CN110990968 B CN 110990968B CN 201911171801 A CN201911171801 A CN 201911171801A CN 110990968 B CN110990968 B CN 110990968B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of high-speed polishing process parameters of a spherical optical lens, which comprises the following steps: arranging and combining the alternative process parameter list to form a plurality of alternative schemes; calculating the linear velocity of the stylus swinging on the polishing surface, the linear velocity of the part rotating on the polishing surface, the linear velocity of the polishing disk rotating on the polishing surface and the root mean square value RMS of the relative velocity distribution of the part polishing surface corresponding to each alternative scheme; an alternative to the minimum RMS value is selected as the final process parameter. The invention can quickly determine the optimal technological parameters, so that the surface shape error after precise grinding is quickly converged, and a large number of technological tests in the production preparation stage are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical processing, and relates to a design method of high-speed polishing process parameters of a spherical optical lens, which is mainly used for the horizontal swing type high-speed polishing process of the optical lens.
Background
The optical surface high-speed polishing process is an efficient manufacturing technology which is gradually developed along with the mass production requirement of an optical system. Different from the traditional process, the high-speed polishing equipment can provide larger pressure and spindle rotating speed, the processing efficiency is greatly improved, the polishing disk is made of polyurethane materials with higher thermal stability, compared with an asphalt polishing disk, the surface shape is more stable, the surface shape precision of a part is easy to control, and the requirement on the skill of an operator is lower. Through decades of development, the high-speed polishing technology has become an indispensable means for mass production of optical parts, and is widely applied to the fields of vehicle-mounted lenses, security lenses, cameras, biological microscopes and the like.
The high-speed polishing technological parameters mainly comprise 4 factors including spindle rotation speed, swing frequency, initial swing angle and swing amplitude. In general, in the preparation stage of production, a process technician needs to determine the above process parameters by adopting a trial-and-error method according to the radius, caliber, shape, material and other data of the processed part and in combination with own experience. The process needs to consume a great deal of time, repeatedly carry out processing, measurement and error compensation, and adjust the process parameters to the optimal state. The polishing time of the common small and medium caliber optical lens is short, and each polishing time only needs a few seconds or tens of seconds; however, the polishing time of the large-caliber optical lens is long, particularly the polishing time of the optical lens made of low-abrasion materials such as monocrystalline silicon, sapphire and the like, needs tens of minutes or even more than one hour each time, and the surface shape change is very slow, so that the optimization of the technological parameters is difficult to complete by adopting a technological test method. The situation limits the application of the high-speed polishing technology in the production of large-caliber optical lenses, and influences the production efficiency of the products.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the invention
The purpose of the invention is that: the method can rapidly optimize the high-speed polishing process parameters, solves the problems of long process test time, high development cost and the like of the optical lens in the production preparation stage, and is suitable for the process design process of mass production of the optical lens.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a design method of high-speed polishing process parameters of a spherical optical lens, wherein a swing type high-speed polishing machine used for high-speed polishing comprises the following steps: the polishing device comprises a stylus, a clamp and a polishing disc, wherein the upper end of the stylus is connected with a swinging rotating shaft, the lower end of the stylus is connected with the clamp, and a part to be processed is arranged on the clamp; the polishing process parameter design method comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging and combining an alternative technological parameter list to form a plurality of alternative schemes;
step two, calculating the linear velocity generated by the swing of the stylus on the polishing surface according to the radius of the processed surface and the swing frequency of the alternative scheme one;
step three, calculating the linear velocity generated by the rotation of the part on the polishing surface according to the rotation speed of the main shaft and the caliber of the part in the alternative scheme one;
step four, calculating the linear velocity generated by the rotation of the polishing disk on the polishing surface according to the rotation speed of the main shaft, the initial swing angle and swing amplitude of the stylus, the caliber and radius of the part and the caliber of the polishing disk in an alternative scheme one;
step five, calculating the root mean square value RMS of the relative speed distribution of the part polishing surface according to the result;
step six, repeating the step one to the step five, and calculating the root mean square value RMS of the relative speed distribution of the polishing surface of each alternative part.
And step seven, selecting an alternative scheme of the minimum RMS value as a final process parameter.
In the second step, the radius R of the processed surface and the alternative one swing frequency f, the linear velocity v generated by the swing of the stylus on the polished surface A The method comprises the following steps:
v A ＝2πfR。
in the third step, the main shaft rotating speed omega is an alternative scheme P And the diameter d of the part, the linear velocity distribution v generated by the rotation of the part on the polished surface L ：
v L ＝ω P X r r =0:step:d/2 step is the calculated step size.
In the fourth step, the main shaft rotating speed omega is an alternative scheme P Initial angle of swing θ of stylus 0 And swing amplitude psi, part caliber D, radius R and polishing disk caliber D, and linear velocity distribution v generated by polishing disk rotation on polishing surface P The method comprises the following steps:
v P ＝ω P ×r P
wherein θ=θ 0 :step:(θ 0 +psi), alpha is the difference between the spherical center angles of the part spherical surface and the spherical surface of the polishing disc, and delta is an angle independent variable.
In the fifth step, the surface phase of the part is polishedThe root mean square RMS for the velocity profile is:
(III) beneficial effects
The design method of the high-speed polishing process parameters of the spherical optical lens is designed based on a flat pendulum type high-speed polishing surface material removal rate mathematical model and based on the principle of improving the polishing surface material removal uniformity, and can be used for quickly determining the optimal process parameters, so that the surface shape errors after precise grinding are quickly converged, and a large number of process tests in a production preparation stage are avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a pendulum type high-speed polisher according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fourth calculation step of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of clarity, content, and advantages of the present invention, a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
In order to realize the process parameter design method of the invention, 3 conditions are required to be ensured: 1. before polishing, precisely grinding the surface, wherein the surface shape precision is close to the design requirement; 2. the polishing machine tool is a swing type high-speed polishing machine; 3. the part is in contact with the clamp edge.
Referring to fig. 1, the swing type high-speed polisher used in the present invention comprises: the polishing device comprises a stylus, a clamp and a polishing disc, wherein the polishing disc comprises a polishing disc substrate and a polishing pad, the upper end of the stylus is connected with a swinging rotating shaft, the lower end of the stylus is connected with the clamp, and a part to be processed is mounted on the clamp.
The design method of the high-speed polishing process parameters of the spherical optical lens comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging and combining the alternative process parameter list to form a plurality of alternative schemes.
And step two, calculating the linear velocity generated by the swinging of the stylus on the polishing surface according to the radius of the processed surface and the alternative scheme one swinging frequency.
And thirdly, calculating the linear velocity of the rotation of the part on the polishing surface according to the rotation speed of the main shaft and the caliber of the part in the alternative scheme one.
And step four, calculating the linear velocity generated by the rotation of the polishing disk on the polishing surface according to the rotation speed of the main shaft, the initial swing angle and swing amplitude of the stylus, the caliber and radius of the part and the caliber of the polishing disk in an alternative scheme one.
And fifthly, calculating the root mean square value RMS of the relative speed distribution of the polishing surface of the part according to the result.
Step six, repeating the step one to the step five, and calculating the root mean square value RMS of the relative speed distribution of the polishing surface of each alternative part.
And step seven, selecting an alternative scheme of the minimum RMS value as a final process parameter.
Examples
Taking a conventional swing type high-speed polishing machine as an example, a design method of high-speed polishing process parameters of the spherical optical lens is as follows.
Step one, arranging and combining the alternative technological parameter list to form a plurality of schemes.
Step two, calculating the linear velocity v generated by the swing of the stylus on the polishing surface according to the radius R of the processed surface and the alternative first swing frequency f A 。
v A ＝2πfR
Step three, spindle rotational speed ω according to alternative scheme one P And the caliber d of the part, calculating the linear velocity distribution v generated by the rotation of the part on the polishing surface L 。
v L ＝ω P X r r =0:step:d/2 step is the calculation step size
Step four, spindle rotational speed ω according to alternative P Initial angle of swing θ of stylus 0 And the swing amplitude psi, the part caliber D, the radius R and the polishing disc caliber D, and calculating the linear velocity distribution v generated by the rotation of the polishing disc on the polishing surface P α is the difference between the spherical center angles of the part spherical surface and the polishing disc spherical surface, δ is an angle independent variable, and δ=0 can be selected without loss of generality: 0.1:2 pi as shown in figure 2.
v P ＝ω P ×r P
And fifthly, calculating Root Mean Square (RMS) value of the relative speed distribution of the polishing surface of the part according to the result.
Step six, repeating the step one to the step five, and calculating Root Mean Square (RMS) values of the relative speed distribution of the polishing surface of each alternative part, wherein the root mean square values are listed as follows.
And step seven, selecting an alternative scheme of the minimum RMS value as a final process parameter.
| Spindle speed omega P (RPM) | Frequency f (Hz) | Initial swing angle θ 0 (°) | Swing psi (°) |
| 500 | 10 | 20 | 25 |
The design method of the high-speed polishing process parameters of the spherical optical lens solves the problems of long process test time, high development cost and the like of the optical lens in the production preparation stage, and can effectively reduce the process preparation time before batch production of the optical lens.
The invention is not limited to the values of the process parameters and the number of alternatives described in the examples above. The process technician may modify or replace the process parameters in the alternative depending on the specifications of the machine tool used and the characteristics of the part being machined.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A design method of high-speed polishing process parameters of a spherical optical lens is characterized in that a pendulum type high-speed polishing machine adopted in high-speed polishing comprises the following steps: the polishing device comprises a stylus, a clamp and a polishing disc, wherein the upper end of the stylus is connected with a swinging rotating shaft, the lower end of the stylus is connected with the clamp, and a part to be processed is arranged on the clamp; the polishing process parameter design method comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging and combining an alternative technological parameter list to form a plurality of alternative schemes;
step two, calculating the linear velocity generated by the swing of the stylus on the polishing surface according to the radius of the processed surface and the swing frequency of the alternative scheme one;
step three, calculating the linear velocity generated by the rotation of the part on the polishing surface according to the rotation speed of the main shaft and the caliber of the part in the alternative scheme one;
step four, calculating the linear velocity generated by the rotation of the polishing disk on the polishing surface according to the rotation speed of the main shaft, the initial swing angle and swing amplitude of the stylus, the caliber and radius of the part and the caliber of the polishing disk in an alternative scheme one;
step five, calculating the root mean square value RMS of the relative speed distribution of the part polishing surface according to the result;
step six, repeating the step one to the step five, and calculating the root mean square value RMS of the relative speed distribution of the polishing surface of each alternative part;
step seven, selecting an alternative scheme of the minimum RMS value as a final process parameter;
in the second step, the radius R of the processed surface and the alternative one swing frequency f, the linear velocity v generated by the swing of the stylus on the polished surface A The method comprises the following steps:
v A ＝2πfR
in the third step, the main shaft rotating speed omega is an alternative scheme P And the diameter d of the part, the linear velocity distribution v generated by the rotation of the part on the polished surface L ：
v L ＝ω P ×r r＝0:step:d/2 step the step size is calculated
In the fourth step, the main shaft rotating speed omega is an alternative scheme P Initial angle of swing θ of stylus 0 And swing amplitude psi, part caliber D, radius R and polishing disk caliber D, and linear velocity distribution v generated by polishing disk rotation on polishing surface P The method comprises the following steps:
wherein θ=θ 0 :step:(θ 0 +psi), alpha is the difference between the spherical center angles of the part spherical surface and the spherical surface of the polishing disc, and delta is an angle independent variable;
in the fifth step, the root mean square value RMS of the relative speed distribution of the part polishing surface is:
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