CN110990919A - Three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method for urban rail transit - Google Patents
Three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method for urban rail transit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method for urban rail transit, which comprises the following steps: step one, establishing a three-dimensional virtual scene model of a city; step two, carrying out three-dimensional line selection interactive design based on the urban three-dimensional virtual scene model: the method comprises the steps of linear position plane design, linear position longitudinal section design and space linear position dynamic fitting; and thirdly, carrying out engineering environment influence statistical analysis based on the urban three-dimensional virtual scene model and the designed urban rail transit line position. The invention can dynamically and efficiently construct and browse the virtual urban environment on the basis of integrating massive geographic information, provides a diversified scheme interactive design method under a three-dimensional scene for rail transit route selection, and is compatible with a spatial analysis function to provide various statistical analysis data for route scheme decision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an environmental impact analysis method for urban natural environment virtual scene rapid modeling, rail transit line three-dimensional interactive design and line scheme, in particular to an urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS line selection design analysis method.
Background
The line position is a reference base line of the rail transit engineering structure, the line selection design work is to design the line position according to a certain line standard, and the mutual relation between the engineering structure and the environment is analyzed. The understanding, analysis, evaluation and decision of various engineering participants on the line scheme are important for promoting the construction of rail transit engineering, and the rapid identification of the geographic environment and the statistical analysis of the relationship between the line scheme and the environment are basic conditions for accelerating the decision of the scheme. At present, the line design is mostly finished by a CAD two-dimensional plane drawing mode, the geographical environment information expressed by plane lines and characters needs to be manually identified piece by piece, the relation index of the line scheme and the environment information can only be finished by a manual measurement mode, and the design coordination efficiency is extremely low. The BIM system which is newly developed supports the design of traffic engineering lines, but the main objective of the related system is to finish the three-dimensional visual expression of terrain and engineering structures, and the expression support of information such as road networks, land planning, line network planning, environmental structures and the like required by the design and analysis of line schemes is insufficient, so that the rapid dynamic browsing of massive geographic information cannot be realized, and the statistical analysis of the correlation indexes of the line schemes and the environmental information is more realized. The BIM system can better solve the refined three-dimensional design of the engineering structure, but can not solve the problem of statistical analysis of environmental influence which is more concerned by line selection design.
Urban rail transit is a traffic engineering project with extremely high participation of citizens and government departments, non-engineering designers hope to quickly understand and advance the project through a three-dimensional technical means, designers hope to accelerate communication coordination progress through a three-dimensional interactive design and space analysis means, and the three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method can solve the difficulties and plays a key role in promoting design and construction of rail traffic projects.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method for urban rail transit.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method comprises the following steps:
step one, establishing an urban three-dimensional virtual scene model: constructing a three-dimensional scene by adopting a mode of superposing raster data and vector data; the grid data is grid format data of large-scale images and elevations of the city; the vector data are planning vector data of a road network, a house, a line network, a pipeline, a pile foundation and a land;
step two, carrying out three-dimensional line selection interactive design based on the urban three-dimensional virtual scene model: the method comprises the steps of linear position plane design, linear position longitudinal section design and space linear position dynamic fitting;
and thirdly, carrying out engineering environment influence statistical analysis based on the urban three-dimensional virtual scene model and the designed urban rail transit line position.
The basic scene is expressed by adopting a mode of overlapping raster data and vector data, so that the engineering design coordinate precision of the virtual scene is ensured; combining the coordinate and attribute information of the vector data to carry out dynamic modeling on the environment structure, and shortening the three-dimensional modeling period of the urban virtual scene; the method realizes the interactive design of the planar line position, the longitudinal section line position and the spatial line position of the multi-mode line, introduces a spatial analysis function into a three-dimensional scene, realizes the statistical analysis of the spatial relationship between a line scheme and an external environment object, and assists engineers and project participants to make quick decisions.
Preferably, the first step of the present invention is specifically:
s1.1, overlapping raster data and vector data to form a basic three-dimensional virtual scene;
step S1.2, three-dimensional dynamic modeling of the environmental structure: the three-dimensional dynamic modeling of the environment structure is realized by utilizing the coordinates and attribute information stored in the shapefile file;
step S1.3, graphic data management: performing data grouping management based on the osgEarth layer class;
and S1.4, organizing and loading raster data by adopting an mbtiles tile file format supported by an SQLite database, loading vector data by adopting a multi-level detail-model provided by osgEarth, and managing various objects generated by interactive design by adopting detail level nodes provided by OSG.
Preferably, the forming of the basic three-dimensional virtual scene in step S1.1 of the present invention specifically includes: tiling the image and elevation raster data, and then loading the tiled image and elevation raster data into a virtual scene; when the vector data is loaded into the virtual scene, the vector data is displayed close to the image layer to form a basic three-dimensional virtual scene, so that the three-dimensional virtual scene has the same coordinate precision as the two-dimensional plane graph.
Preferably, the step S1.3 of the present invention specifically includes: the layers have basic functions of loading, unloading, displaying and hiding; the image layer realizes transparent observation of the scene by adjusting the transparency; a shader is attached to the three-dimensional model layer to enhance the rendering effect; the vector data image layer is tightly attached to the image layer, when the elevation image layer is switched between displaying and hiding, the image layer and the vector data image layer can be efficiently switched between a three-dimensional state and a two-dimensional state, and the two-dimensional and three-dimensional integration function of the virtual scene is realized. The massive raster data and the linear position design objects are dynamically loaded and unloaded based on the viewpoint distance, so that the high efficiency of three-dimensional interactive design of a circuit scheme can be ensured; and the invention makes the line interactive design not only compatible with the traditional two-dimensional design habit, but also fits the actual space line position in the three-dimensional scene through the two-dimensional and three-dimensional fast switching function of the scene, thus realizing the three-dimensional design of the line.
The invention realizes multi-mode line plane and vertical section line position interactive design based on three-dimensional scene event interface class and Qt view frame system. Preferably, the second step of the present invention specifically comprises:
step S2.1, designing a linear position plane: expressing the plane linear position clinging to the image, and based on a Qt signal slot mechanism and an interactive operation interface osgGA provided by OSG: : the GUIEventHandler is used for realizing multi-mode dynamic editing of plane linear positions;
step S2.2, designing a linear position longitudinal section: drawing and editing the longitudinal section line position by using a graph view frame provided by Qt;
step S2.3, dynamic fitting of space linear position: the spatial actual linear position is generated by fitting design parameters of a plane and a vertical section, the spatial linear position expresses horizontal and vertical combination information through color and line width, and the road, bridge and tunnel subsection information is expressed through character marking. The invention enriches the expression means of the linear position by expressing the horizontal and vertical combination information and the bridge and tunnel label on the spatial linear position.
Preferably, the dynamic editing in step S2.1 of the present invention specifically includes: firstly, customizing an inheritance class PickHandle of an interactive operation interface class to receive a corresponding interactive operation event and send a response signal, binding a response slot and the signal in a HandleAdapter class, and finally setting specific response actions in different inheritance classes of the HandleAdapter; and the signal-slot function is bound or unbound to realize the interactive operation requirements of different modes.
Preferably, the graphic view frame in step S2.2 of the present invention is composed of three parts, namely a view, a scene and a graphic item, where the view is associated with the scene to observe the scene, and the scene is a container of the graphic item; each visible object on the longitudinal section diagram is controlled by a graphic item, signal-slot association is arranged among the graphic items, and dynamic adjustment of the line position and the vertical curve element when the variable slope point is dragged is realized, and real-time adjustment of the longitudinal section line position when the vertical curve element is edited is realized.
Preferably, the environmental analysis in step three of the present invention specifically includes filtering and extracting environmental vector data according to the attribute values, and then performing overlay analysis of the line and the environmental object by using a Geos open source tool to obtain corresponding statistical analysis data.
Preferably, step three of the present invention specifically includes:
s3.1, generating a field boundary for engineering segmentation by utilizing a Geos buffer area generation function according to different sizes of cross sections of a tunnel section, a transition section, an elevated section and a station main body of the rail transit, and forming a field boundary combination for engineering;
s3.2, generating an environment object buffer area according to requirements of different environment objects on safe clear distance, environment-friendly clear distance and land planning of rail transit construction;
and S3.3, performing superposition analysis on the engineering boundary combination and the environment object buffer area by using Geos to obtain various analysis statistical data.
Preferably, the line selection interactive design of the second step of the invention further comprises the step of introducing design standards of different line positions in an external file customization mode, and when the plane and the vertical section lines do not meet the design standards, the corresponding sections are reminded in real time with different line widths and colors.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention can dynamically and efficiently construct and browse the virtual urban environment on the basis of integrating massive geographic information, provides a diversified scheme interactive design method under a three-dimensional scene for rail transit route selection, and is compatible with a spatial analysis function to provide various statistical analysis data for route scheme decision.
2. The invention is limited by the file size, the existing design means of CAD two-dimensional plane drawing is difficult to fuse the massive grids and the vector data together, and the invention carries out three-dimensional integrated expression on the massive grids, the vector geographic information and the line scheme in a virtual scene and carries out three-dimensional rapid modeling by utilizing the coordinates and the attribute information of houses and pipelines, thereby assisting the track traffic project participants to rapidly know the geographic environment and understanding the design scheme more intuitively and simply.
3. According to the invention, through the two-dimensional and three-dimensional rapid conversion function of the scene, the line design is compatible with the traditional two-dimensional design habit, and the actual space line position is fitted in the three-dimensional scene, so that the three-dimensional design of the line is realized, the line scheme understanding difficulty is reduced, the design efficiency is improved, and the design scheme can be presented more finely and comprehensively.
4. The invention is compatible with the buffer analysis and superposition analysis functions of the GIS, and provides various analysis judgment data for project participants through the selection and filtration of vector data attribute values.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention for converting and loading the survey data.
Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional dynamic modeling process of the house of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the dynamic editing implementation of the planar linear position according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of the analysis of environmental impact of the wiring scheme of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the term "comprising" or "may include" used in various embodiments of the present invention indicates the presence of the invented function, operation or element, and does not limit the addition of one or more functions, operations or elements. Furthermore, as used in various embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having" and their derivatives are intended to mean that the specified features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing, are only meant to indicate that a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination of the foregoing, and should not be construed as first excluding the existence of, or adding to the possibility of, one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing.
In various embodiments of the invention, the expression "or" at least one of a or/and B "includes any or all combinations of the words listed simultaneously. For example, the expression "a or B" or "at least one of a or/and B" may include a, may include B, or may include both a and B.
Expressions (such as "first", "second", and the like) used in various embodiments of the present invention may modify various constituent elements in various embodiments, but may not limit the respective constituent elements. For example, the above description does not limit the order and/or importance of the elements described. The foregoing description is for the purpose of distinguishing one element from another. For example, the first user device and the second user device indicate different user devices, although both are user devices. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that: if it is described that one constituent element is "connected" to another constituent element, the first constituent element may be directly connected to the second constituent element, and a third constituent element may be "connected" between the first constituent element and the second constituent element. In contrast, when one constituent element is "directly connected" to another constituent element, it is understood that there is no third constituent element between the first constituent element and the second constituent element.
The terminology used in the various embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the various embodiments of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which various embodiments of the present invention belong. The terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their contextual meaning in the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein in various embodiments of the present invention.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method for urban rail transit, which is shown in figure 1. The urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method mainly comprises three parts of urban virtual scene rapid modeling, three-dimensional route selection interactive design and design scheme environment influence analysis:
firstly, rapidly modeling an urban virtual scene; specifically, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional virtual scene is developed based on an osgEarth source-opening tool, and is a main interactive operation object of the whole system. In order to ensure that the three-dimensional scene can meet the interactive design requirement under the condition of integrating massive information, the system adopts 4 technical measures:
(1) and superposing the large-range high-precision grid data and the vector data to form a basic three-dimensional virtual scene. And performing tiling processing on the image and the elevation raster data and loading the image and the elevation raster data into a virtual scene. Plane vector data information such as houses, pipelines, road networks, net and the like stores coordinates and attribute information of the plane vector data information in a shape file format, and the vector data are displayed in a manner of being attached to an image layer when being loaded into a scene, so that the three-dimensional virtual scene has the same coordinate precision as a two-dimensional plane graph.
(2) And (3) three-dimensional dynamic modeling of the environmental structure. Buildings, pipelines, pile foundations and other structures exist in a large amount in cities, and three-dimensional dynamic modeling of environment structures can be achieved by using coordinates and attribute information stored by the shape file. Taking a house as an example, the accurate coordinate range, the roof elevation and the floor number of the house are recorded in the shape file, the geometric model of the house is formed by stretching the closed polygon of the outer contour of the house upwards to the height of the house, and the predefined mapping is automatically selected according to the floor number to form the general three-dimensional model of the house. And introducing a few special-shaped structures which play a role in controlling the engineering scheme into a scene in an external modeling mode.
(3) The data management is layered. And performing data management by combining the osgEarth data driver and the corresponding layer class. The image layers have basic functions of loading, unloading, displaying, hiding and the like, transparent observation can be realized through setting transparency of the image layers, and the three-dimensional model image layers can be attached with shaders so as to enhance the rendering effect. The vector data image layer is tightly attached to the image layer, when the elevation image layer is switched between displaying and hiding, the image layer and the vector image layer can be efficiently switched between a three-dimensional state and a two-dimensional state, and the two-three-dimensional integration function of the virtual scene is achieved.
(4) An efficient scene rendering organization strategy. The massive raster data is organized and loaded by adopting an mbtiles tile file format supported by an SQLite database, the massive vector data is loaded by adopting a multi-level detail model provided by osgEarth, and various objects such as characters, lines, surfaces and the like generated by interactive design are managed by adopting detail level nodes provided by OSG (osgEarth kernel). The three-dimensional scene organization strategy realizes dynamic loading and unloading of mass data based on viewpoint distance.
Step two, three-dimensional line selection interactive design; specifically, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional line selection interactive design is composed of three functional modules, namely, a linear position plane design, a linear position longitudinal section design and a space linear position dynamic fitting. The line interactive design also allows the design standards of different line positions to be introduced through an external file customization mode, and when the plane and the vertical section lines do not meet the design standards, the corresponding sections are prompted in real time with different line widths and colors.
(1) The planar linear position is expressed by clinging to the image, and the multi-mode dynamic editing of the planar linear position is realized based on a Qt signal slot mechanism and an interactive operation interface provided by OSG, namely osgGA:GUIIEventHandler. The method comprises the steps of customizing an inheritance class PickHandle of an interactive operation interface class to receive corresponding interactive operation events and send response signals, setting a response slot in the HandleAdapter class to be bound with the response signals, and finally setting specific response actions in different inheritance classes of the HandleAdapter. And the signal-slot function is bound or unbound to realize the interactive operation requirements of different modes.
(2) And drawing and editing the longitudinal section line position by using a graph view frame provided by Qt. The frame consists of three parts, namely a view (QGraphicsScene), a scene (QGraphicsView) and a graphic item (QGraphicsItem), wherein the view is associated with the scene to observe the scene, and the scene is a container of the graphic item. Each visible object on the longitudinal section diagram is controlled by a graphic item, signal-slot association is arranged among the graphic items, dynamic adjustment of the variable slope point dragging time line position and the vertical curve element is achieved, and real-time adjustment of the longitudinal section line position after editing of the vertical curve element is achieved.
(3) The spatial actual linear position is generated by fitting the design parameters of the plane and the vertical section. The space line position expresses the horizontal and vertical combination information through color and line width, and expresses the road, bridge and tunnel subsection information through character marking.
Step three, designing a scheme and carrying out statistical analysis on the environmental influence; specifically, in this embodiment, the design scheme environmental impact analysis is to filter and extract the environmental vector data according to the attribute values, and then perform overlay analysis on the line and the environmental object by using a Geos open source tool to obtain corresponding statistical analysis data. In the process, according to different sizes of cross sections of a tunnel section, a transition section, an overhead section and a station main body of the rail transit, a Geos buffer area generation function is used for generating a field boundary for engineering segmentation to form an engineering field boundary combination, then an environment object buffer area is generated according to requirements of different environment objects on various aspects of rail transit construction safety clear distance, environment-friendly clear distance, land planning and the like, and finally, the Geos is used for carrying out superposition analysis on the engineering boundary and the environment object buffer area to obtain various analysis statistical data.
For example: generating a safety buffer area based on the plane coordinates of the underground structure and the construction safety clear distance, and performing superposition analysis on the safety buffer area and the engineering boundary to determine whether the linear position needs to be adjusted; the vibration noise sensitive point can generate environment-friendly buffer zones with corresponding distances according to different levels, and after the environment-friendly buffer zones are overlapped with the engineering boundary and analyzed, whether the line position is adjusted or not is determined; the engineering boundary and the planning land are not allowed to invade the area for superposition analysis, and whether the position of the outlet line needs to be adjusted or not can be quickly judged; and the building and the land used for superposition analysis can quickly count the engineering removal amount.
The advantages of the scheme of the embodiment include:
(1) three-dimensional visual expression is carried out on geographic information and a route scheme in a virtual scene, and rail transit project participants are assisted to quickly know the environment and understand the route scheme.
(2) The basic scene is expressed by adopting a mode of overlapping raster data and vector data, and the requirement of the coordinate precision of the engineering design of the virtual scene is ensured.
(3) And dynamic modeling of the environment structure is performed by combining the coordinates and attribute information of the vector data, and the three-dimensional modeling period of the urban virtual scene is shortened.
(4) Massive geographic information and linear position design objects are dynamically loaded and unloaded based on the viewpoint distance, and the high efficiency of the three-dimensional interactive design of the engineering scheme can be ensured.
(5) And realizing multi-mode line plane and vertical section line position interactive design based on the scene event interface class and the Qt view frame system. Meanwhile, standard external customization and standard exceeding real-time inspection functions are introduced into the line interactive design, so that the line interactive design process is more friendly, convenient and fast, and is suitable for different types of rail transit systems.
(6) Through the two-dimensional and three-dimensional rapid conversion function of the scene, the line interactive design is compatible with the traditional design habit, the actual space line position is increased in the three-dimensional scene, and the three-dimensional design of the line scheme is realized. Meanwhile, the horizontal and vertical combination information and the bridge and tunnel labels are expressed on the space linear position, and the linear position expression means is enriched.
(7) A space analysis function is introduced into the three-dimensional scene, statistical analysis of the space relation between the circuit scheme and the external environment object is achieved, and rapid decision making is assisted for engineers and project participants.
Example 2
The embodiment adopts the analysis method provided by the embodiment to carry out specific design, and the process is as follows:
1. reconnaissance data acquisition and conversion
Grid format data of large-range images and elevations of cities can be obtained through photogrammetry or remote sensing satellites, local high-precision elevation data can be extracted from electronic topographic maps, and then rasterization conversion is carried out by Global Mapper. If the grid data is not unified with the city coordinate system, carrying out reprojection and deviation correction by using a QGIS. And providing an osgEarth _ conv command by using the osgEarth to convert the large-range high-precision raster data into hierarchical tile data in an mbtiles format. And converting data of road networks, houses, wire nets, pipelines, pile foundations, land plans and the like in DWG format into files in shapefile format by using a QGIS tool, and giving attribute information to the objects. As shown in fig. 2.
2. And naming the shapefile of the road network, the house, the line network, the pipeline, the pile foundation and the land plan by using characters comprising roadnet, building, railnet, mapleline, pile and landump, and judging the corresponding driving mode of the osgEarth and loading vector data according to the file name. The external Model is directly read by a Model driver and then managed by a Model layer. As shown in fig. 2.
3. By traversing coordinates and attribute information of objects such as houses, pipelines, pile foundations and the like in the shapefile, an internal panel combination modeling method and a cylindrical entity modeling method provided by OSG are utilized to dynamically construct pile foundation and pipeline environment structure entities, and random mapping is carried out on the house entities according to floors. As shown in fig. 3.
4. And carrying out two-dimensional and three-dimensional switching of the scene through hiding and loading the elevation layer and the three-dimensional model layer.
5. And referring to various design standard files, editing the standard design files of the line guide, and determining basic design standard data such as the minimum curve radius of a plane, the minimum length of a plane circular curve, the minimum length of a plane clamp straight line, the minimum length of a vertical section clamp straight line, the maximum gradient of a vertical section, the minimum radius of a vertical curve and the like.
6. Customizing the PickHandle class to receive corresponding interactive operation events and send response signals, setting response slots in the HandleAdap class to be bound with the response signals, and then setting specific response actions in different inheritance classes of the HandleAdap. And the requirements of different modes of interactive operation of the line plane are met by binding or unbinding the signal-slot function. The interactive design operation functions include: adding and deleting intersection points, moving intersection points, rotating straight line edges, translating straight line edges and dragging modification radiuses. As shown in fig. 4.
7. In the process of utilizing the Qt view frame to realize drawing and editing of the longitudinal section, the QGraphicsItem is inherited from the QGraphicsItem class and reloaded, namely a paint () function is carried out, and drawing of graphics and characters can be completed through a paint pointer in the function. And establishing a signal-groove mechanism between the variable slope point and the line position and the curve element to realize the dynamic change of the vertical section line position and the element label when the variable slope point is dragged. The vertical curve element labeling characters are inherited from QgraphicsTextItem classes, the requirement of directly editing the element characters is met, and dynamic adjustment of the slope changing points and the line positions after the element characters are edited is realized through a signal-groove mechanism between the element labeling and the slope changing points and the line positions.
8. And (4) designing parameters to fit space curve coordinates based on the plane and the vertical section line. Dividing different sections of the space curve according to the types of the plane curve and the vertical section curve and the starting and ending point mileage, drawing the space curve by using the line type provided by osgEarth to divide sections into colors so as to express horizontal and vertical combination information, expressing information of the overhead section, the transition section and the tunnel section by using the solid line and dotted line style information of the line type, and finally adding marking information at necessary positions.
9. And calculating the land boundary for different linear position sections according to the cross section size by using Geos to construct an engineering boundary combination. And constructing an environment object buffer area according to different purposes of land acquisition and removal requirements, construction safety clear distance, vibration noise influence, land planning, land protection and the like, and performing superposition analysis on the environment object buffer area and the engineering boundary combination to obtain the relation index statistical data of the engineering and the environment. As shown in fig. 5.
The urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method can dynamically and efficiently construct and browse a virtual urban environment on the basis of integrating massive geographic information, and provides complete high-precision natural environment information for rail transit route selection. The method combines the efficient and diversified three-dimensional line selection interactive design means and the line position expression method, practically improves the efficiency of line selection design, and enables the technical means to be suitable for the line design of various traffic type projects through the external customization of the design standard file. The method also efficiently connects the GIS space analysis method with the line interactive design process, and can provide various statistical analysis data required by the work of land acquisition and removal, construction safety judgment, shock absorption and noise reduction measure decision, land planning and adjustment and the like for engineering participants. The three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method also provides a more acceptable and understandable means for non-engineering designers to participate in the analysis, evaluation and decision of the engineering scheme, and has wider market prospect.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, establishing an urban three-dimensional virtual scene model: constructing a three-dimensional scene by adopting a mode of superposing raster data and vector data; the grid data is grid format data of large-scale images and elevations of the city; the vector data are planning vector data of a road network, a house, a line network, a pipeline, a pile foundation and a land;
step two, carrying out three-dimensional line selection interactive design based on the urban three-dimensional virtual scene model: the method comprises the steps of linear position plane design, linear position longitudinal section design and space linear position dynamic fitting;
and thirdly, carrying out engineering environment influence statistical analysis based on the urban three-dimensional virtual scene model and the designed urban rail transit line position.
2. The urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the first step is specifically as follows:
s1.1, overlapping raster data and vector data to form a basic three-dimensional virtual scene;
step S1.2, three-dimensional dynamic modeling of the environmental structure: the three-dimensional dynamic modeling of the environment structure is realized by utilizing the coordinates and attribute information stored in the shapefile file;
step S1.3, graphic data management: performing data grouping management based on the osgEarth layer class;
and S1.4, organizing and loading raster data by adopting an mbtiles tile file format supported by an SQLite database, loading vector data by adopting a multi-level detail-model provided by osgEarth, and managing various objects generated by interactive design by adopting detail level nodes provided by OSG.
3. The urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method according to claim 2, wherein the forming of the basic three-dimensional virtual scene in the step S1.1 specifically comprises: tiling the image and elevation raster data, and then loading the tiled image and elevation raster data into a virtual scene; when the vector data is loaded into the virtual scene, the vector data is displayed close to the image layer to form a basic three-dimensional virtual scene, so that the three-dimensional virtual scene has the same coordinate precision as the two-dimensional plane graph.
4. The urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method according to claim 2, wherein the management of the layered data in the step S1.3 specifically comprises: the layers have basic functions of loading, unloading, displaying and hiding; the image layer realizes transparent observation of the scene by adjusting the transparency; a shader is attached to the three-dimensional model layer to enhance the rendering effect; the vector data image layer is tightly attached to the image layer, when the elevation image layer is switched between displaying and hiding, the image layer and the vector data image layer can be efficiently switched between a three-dimensional state and a two-dimensional state, and the two-dimensional and three-dimensional integration function of the virtual scene is realized.
5. The urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the second step specifically comprises:
step S2.1, designing a linear position plane: expressing the plane linear position clinging to the image, and based on a Qt signal slot mechanism and an interactive operation interface osgGA provided by OSG: : the GUIEventHandler is used for realizing multi-mode dynamic editing of plane linear positions;
step S2.2, designing a linear position longitudinal section: drawing and editing the longitudinal section line position by using a graph view frame provided by Qt;
step S2.3, dynamic fitting of space linear position: the spatial actual linear position is generated by fitting design parameters of a plane and a vertical section, the spatial linear position expresses horizontal and vertical combination information through color and line width, and the road, bridge and tunnel subsection information is expressed through character marking.
6. The urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method according to claim 5, wherein the dynamic editing in the step S2.1 specifically comprises: firstly, customizing an inheritance class PickHandle of an interactive operation interface class to receive a corresponding interactive operation event and send a response signal, binding a response slot and the signal in a HandleAdapter class, and finally setting specific response actions in different inheritance classes of the HandleAdapter; and the signal-slot function is bound or unbound to realize the interactive operation requirements of different modes.
7. The urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method according to claim 5, wherein the graphic view frame in step S2.2 is composed of three parts, namely a view, a scene and a graphic item, the view and the scene are associated to observe the scene, and the scene is a container of the graphic item; each visible object on the longitudinal section diagram is controlled by a graphic item, signal-slot association is arranged among the graphic items, and dynamic adjustment of the line position and the vertical curve element when the variable slope point is dragged is realized, and real-time adjustment of the longitudinal section line position when the vertical curve element is edited is realized.
8. The urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method according to claim 1, wherein the environmental analysis in step three is specifically to filter and extract environmental vector data according to attribute values, and then to perform superposition analysis of lines and environmental objects by using a Geos open source tool to obtain corresponding statistical analysis data.
9. The urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method according to claim 8, wherein the third step specifically comprises:
s3.1, generating a field boundary for engineering segmentation by utilizing a Geos buffer area generation function according to different sizes of cross sections of a tunnel section, a transition section, an elevated section and a station main body of the rail transit, and forming a field boundary combination for engineering;
s3.2, generating an environment object buffer area according to requirements of different environment objects on safe clear distance, environment-friendly clear distance and land planning of rail transit construction;
and S3.3, performing superposition analysis on the engineering boundary combination and the environment object buffer area by using Geos to obtain various analysis statistical data.
10. The urban rail transit three-dimensional GIS route selection design analysis method according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the route selection interactive design of the second step further comprises introducing design standards of different route positions in an external file customization mode, and when the plane and profile routes do not meet the design standards, corresponding sections are reminded in real time with different line widths and colors.
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