CN110988822B - Multi-channel SAR antenna performance detection method based on wireless single TR calibration - Google Patents
Multi-channel SAR antenna performance detection method based on wireless single TR calibration Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-channel SAR (synthetic Aperture Radar) antenna performance detection method based on wireless single TR (transmitter and receiver) calibration, which aims to verify the influence of a satellite SAR antenna on the performance change of the multi-channel SAR antenna before and after long-distance transportation and vibration test. The invention greatly reduces the satellite transition test cost and the technical risk possibly brought by folding and unfolding of the antenna, simply and quickly detects the performance of the SAR antenna after transportation and vibration tests, and simultaneously provides a novel multi-channel SAR antenna detection method compared with the traditional directional diagram retest method, thereby improving the detection efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-channel SAR antenna performance test, in particular to a multi-channel SAR antenna performance detection method based on wireless single-TR calibration, and particularly relates to a multi-channel SAR antenna performance detection method based on wireless single-TR calibration, which is suitable for all TR components in large quantity.
Background
An SAR antenna, for example, patent document CN108899632A discloses an expandable satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar antenna based on shape memory polymer composite material, which comprises a plurality of upper trusses, a base and a plurality of antenna units, wherein the plurality of upper trusses are parallelly installed on the base side by side, a plurality of antenna units are arranged on each upper truss along the length direction of the upper truss, and the plurality of antenna units are arranged in a matrix shape to form a rectangular plate.
After the SAR antenna is subjected to long-distance transportation and whole satellite vibration tests along with the load cabin, the performance of all TR channels and the performance of a receiving and transmitting channel between the TR channel and the crack waveguide need to be diagnosed, and the performance of the receiving and transmitting channel between the TR channel and the crack waveguide of the SAR antenna is ensured not to change due to external factors such as vibration and the like. With the continuous development of the SAR antenna technology, the number of the antenna TR channels is continuously increased, which reaches thousands, and the performance index of the whole SAR antenna is changed due to the fault of any part of the TR channels, so that the multi-channel SAR antenna performance detection technology has important significance for solving the problems.
For the traditional SAR antenna performance detection method, an SAR antenna is arranged in a large and special microwave dark room, the SAR antenna is arranged on an air floating platform by a ground tool and an SAR antenna ground expansion device, then the distance between an SAR antenna scanning frame probe and an antenna array surface in the microwave dark room is adjusted, the moving distance and the moving direction of a scanning probe are set, the satellite and the scanning probe are respectively connected and confirmed according to the transmitting and receiving states, and finally the traveling wave position scanning test is respectively carried out on the transmitting and receiving direction, the designed wave positions are different due to different SAR antenna functions, generally hundreds to thousands of wave positions, at least two cycles of time is needed for carrying out one-time SAR antenna directional diagram retest, and because the SAR antenna has the characteristics of large volume, complex system structure and the like, various hoisting tools and a large number of tools are used in the antenna expansion and folding process, particularly, the motor needs to be reversely rotated in the folding process, the operation and the folding time are strictly controlled, the motor can be folded accidentally to seriously affect the antenna frame and the array surface waveguide, so that the SAR antenna directional diagram retest implementation process is complex, and the risk control difficulty is high. In addition, with the continuous increase of the use scale of the TR component of the SAR antenna and the increase of the number of channels, the time required by the repeated measurement of the performance of the directional diagram of the SAR antenna is once, less is needed for weeks, more is needed for more than one month, and the development progress of the satellite is greatly influenced.
Under the background, the invention discloses a method for detecting the performance of a multi-channel SAR antenna based on wireless single-TR calibration, which can be used for carrying out testing in a general satellite clean workshop without a special microwave darkroom and a near-field scanning system for scanning hundreds of wave positions or frequently folding and unfolding the SAR antenna, and can be used for quickly, efficiently and safely detecting the performance of the multi-channel SAR antenna by using simple equipment such as a near-field probe, a tripod and the like. At present, no explanation or report of the similar technology of the invention is found, and similar data at home and abroad are not collected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for detecting the performance of a multi-channel SAR antenna based on wireless single TR calibration.
The invention provides a multi-channel SAR antenna performance detection method based on wireless single TR calibration, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: carrying out wireless single TR calibration test on the multi-channel SAR antenna by using a near-field probe, wherein the test comprises the test of a signal of a complete main channel of the antenna so as to detect the performance state of the SAR antenna;
step 2: determining a tripod, a handheld laser instrument, a near field probe of a corresponding frequency band and other equipment required during testing according to the working frequency band and the geometric dimension of the SAR antenna and the geometric relation between the near field probe and the SAR antenna;
and step 3: fixing the handheld laser range finder on the near-field probe antenna, and measuring the relative position relationship between the laser range finder and the near-field probe antenna to calculate the specific position relationship between the near-field probe and the array surface; measuring the parallelism between the laser range finder and the probe by using a level meter;
and 4, step 4: connecting the internal calibration system with an antenna calibration network port, disconnecting the internal calibration system from the antenna calibration network port, connecting a protection head with the internal calibration system, connecting the internal calibration system with a ground high-frequency test cable with a certain length, connecting an adjustable attenuator with the internal calibration system, and connecting the attenuator with a near-field probe through another ground high-frequency test cable with a certain length;
and 5: opening the laser range finder and adjusting the height of the tripod to enable the light spot of the laser to be exactly positioned at the central position of the array waveguide direction of the SAR antenna channel 1, locking the height position of the tripod, adjusting the rotary joint of the tripod to search the angle corresponding to the minimum distance value of the laser range finder, namely the angle of the near-field probe perpendicular to the array surface at the moment, locking the rotary joint of the tripod, adjusting the front and back positions of the tripod to enable the position of the probe away from the array surface to be exactly positioned at the position calculated in the step 3, and finally moving the tripod in the azimuth direction to enable the laser to be exactly positioned at the central position of the waveguide surface of the channel 1;
step 6: tools used for erecting the near-field probe are completely withdrawn from the right front of the antenna array surface, the connection relation of the ground cable is checked, and whether the inner calibration system and the antenna calibration network cable are disconnected and connected with a matched load is confirmed; after confirming that no error exists, powering up the SAR antenna, and carrying out single TR calibration test;
and 7: measuring the position of three supporting feet of the tripod extending to a second channel of the SAR antenna in the azimuth direction by using a measuring tape, and marking; then, moving the tripod integrally to the marked position; then, measuring the position relation of the waveguide probe and the wavefront in X, Y, Z three directions by using a laser range finder, keeping all movable joints of the tripod in a locked state, and finely adjusting the whole tripod to enable the laser spot to be located at a required position; after the adjustment is in place, checking the cable connection state, powering up the antenna, and carrying out a second channel test of the SAR antenna; and repeating the steps until all the channels of the multi-channel SAR antenna are completely tested.
Preferably, the complete main path of the antenna in step 1 includes any one or any combination of a delay amplifying component, a TR component, a radiation waveguide, a power divider and a high-frequency cable.
Preferably, the type of the near-field probe and the distance between the near-field probe and the antenna are matched with the working frequency band of the radar to be detected.
Preferably, when measuring the relative positional relationship between the laser range finder and the near-field probe antenna, the design measurement error is not more than ± 1 mm.
Preferably, the near-field probe comprises a waveguide probe special for the near-field test system with the wave-absorbing material.
Preferably, the near field probe is in a far field condition with the waveguide slot antenna, the main lobe position of the waveguide slot antenna matching the near field probe.
Preferably, when the SAR antenna array surface is larger than the set range and/or the channel number is larger than the set range, in order to reduce the test times, the distance between the waveguide probe and the array surface is adjusted according to the far field directional diagram.
Preferably, wireless single-TR calibration is used at each probe erection position, single-TR calibration test is carried out on the whole array surface of the antenna to obtain a plurality of groups of calibration data, then the near-field probe is repeatedly moved to each channel, single-TR calibration test is carried out again, the calibration data at the same position are compared and analyzed, the consistency of the amplitude and the phase of the calibration test result and the measurement precision and the error of the data are analyzed, and finally the purpose of detecting the performance change of the multi-channel SAR antenna is achieved.
Preferably, in step 3, the specific position relationship between the near-field probe and the wavefront satisfies the following first formula:
wherein R is the distance between the waveguide probe and the wavefront; d is the size of the antenna, and lambda is the wavelength of the antenna frequency band.
Preferably, in order to reduce the number of tests, the distance between the waveguide probe and the wavefront is set to be R, the beam width in the main lobe of the azimuth directional pattern is set to be θ within a set error range, and the azimuth length of the single waveguide slot antenna of the antenna wavefront is set to be d, so that the number N of T/R components that can be measured in one test satisfies the following second formula:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method has the advantages that technical risks possibly brought by the fact that the satellite transition test cost and the antenna are folded and unfolded are greatly reduced, the SAR antenna performance after the transportation and vibration test is simply and quickly detected, meanwhile, compared with a traditional directional diagram retest method, a novel multi-channel SAR antenna detection method is provided, and detection efficiency is improved. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) the performance test method for the multi-channel SAR satellite antenna is provided, the performance test of the SAR antenna directional pattern with large scale, long period and high risk is not needed to be carried out on the SAR antenna in a large microwave darkroom, and the performance test of the antenna can be directly carried out in a clean factory by wireless single TR calibration;
(2) the method greatly reduces the satellite transition test cost and the technical risk possibly brought by folding and unfolding of the SAR antenna, and the method simply and quickly detects the performance of the SAR antenna after transportation and vibration tests;
(3) compared with the traditional SAR antenna directional pattern performance detection method, the method provides a new multi-channel SAR antenna detection method, and improves the SAR antenna performance detection precision;
(4) the method is suitable for detecting the performance of all multi-channel SAR antennas adopting large phased array antennas.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a near-field test probe and an SAR antenna array.
Fig. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of an assembling method and an erection of the near field test probe, and (b) is a schematic diagram of a position relationship between the laser range finder and the near field test probe.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a multi-channel SAR antenna performance detection method based on wireless single TR calibration, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: carrying out wireless single TR calibration test on the multi-channel SAR antenna by using a near-field probe, wherein the test comprises the test of a signal of a complete main channel of the antenna so as to detect the performance state of the SAR antenna;
step 2: determining a tripod, a handheld laser instrument, a near field probe of a corresponding frequency band and other equipment required during testing according to the working frequency band and the geometric dimension of the SAR antenna and the geometric relation between the near field probe and the SAR antenna;
and step 3: fixing the handheld laser range finder on the near-field probe antenna, and measuring the relative position relationship between the laser range finder and the near-field probe antenna to calculate the specific position relationship between the near-field probe and the array surface; measuring the parallelism between the laser range finder and the probe by using a level meter;
and 4, step 4: connecting the internal calibration system with an antenna calibration network port, disconnecting the internal calibration system from the antenna calibration network port, connecting a protection head with the internal calibration system, connecting the internal calibration system with a ground high-frequency test cable with a certain length, connecting an adjustable attenuator with the internal calibration system, and connecting the attenuator with a near-field probe through another ground high-frequency test cable with a certain length;
and 5: opening the laser range finder and adjusting the height of the tripod to enable the light spot of the laser to be exactly positioned at the central position of the array waveguide direction of the SAR antenna channel 1, locking the height position of the tripod, adjusting the rotary joint of the tripod to search the angle corresponding to the minimum distance value of the laser range finder, namely the angle of the near-field probe perpendicular to the array surface at the moment, locking the rotary joint of the tripod, adjusting the front and back positions of the tripod to enable the position of the probe away from the array surface to be exactly positioned at the position calculated in the step 3, and finally moving the tripod in the azimuth direction to enable the laser to be exactly positioned at the central position of the waveguide surface of the channel 1;
step 6: tools used for erecting the near-field probe are completely withdrawn from the right front of the antenna array surface, the connection relation of the ground cable is checked, and whether the inner calibration system and the antenna calibration network cable are disconnected and connected with a matched load is confirmed; after confirming that no error exists, powering up the SAR antenna, and carrying out single TR calibration test;
and 7: measuring the position of three supporting feet of the tripod extending to a second channel of the SAR antenna in the azimuth direction by using a measuring tape, and marking; then, moving the tripod integrally to the marked position; then, measuring the position relation of the waveguide probe and the wavefront in X, Y, Z three directions by using a laser range finder, keeping all movable joints of the tripod in a locked state, and finely adjusting the whole tripod to enable the laser spot to be located at a required position; after the adjustment is in place, checking the cable connection state, powering up the antenna, and carrying out a second channel test of the SAR antenna; and repeating the steps until all the channels of the multi-channel SAR antenna are completely tested.
In step 1, the complete main path of the antenna comprises any one or any combination of a delay amplifying assembly, a TR assembly, a radiation waveguide, a power divider and a high-frequency cable.
The type of the near-field probe and the distance between the near-field probe and the antenna are matched with the working frequency band of the radar to be detected.
When the relative position relation between the laser range finder and the near-field probe antenna is measured, the design measurement error is not more than +/-1 mm.
The near-field probe comprises a waveguide probe special for a near-field test system with a wave-absorbing material.
The near-field probe and the waveguide slot antenna are in a far-field condition (a condition of directly measuring far-field data of the antenna to be measured so as to reduce coupling and multipath effects), and the main lobe position of the waveguide slot antenna is matched with the near-field probe.
When the SAR antenna array surface is larger than the set range and/or the channel number is larger than the set range, in order to reduce the test times, the distance between the waveguide probe and the array surface is adjusted according to the far field directional diagram.
The method comprises the steps of using wireless single-TR calibration at each probe erection position, carrying out single-TR calibration test on the whole array surface of an antenna to obtain a plurality of groups of calibration data, then repeatedly moving a near-field probe to each channel, carrying out single-TR calibration test again, carrying out comparison analysis on the calibration data at the same position, analyzing the consistency of the amplitude and the phase of a calibration test result and the measurement precision and the error of the data, and finally achieving the purpose of detecting the performance change of the multi-channel SAR antenna.
In step 3, the specific position relationship between the near-field probe and the array surface satisfies the following first formula:
wherein R is the distance between the waveguide probe and the wavefront; d is the size of the antenna, and lambda is the wavelength of the antenna frequency band.
In order to reduce the number of tests, the distance between the waveguide probe and the wave front is set to be R, the beam width in the main lobe of the azimuth directional diagram is set to be theta within a set error range, the azimuth length of a single waveguide slot antenna of the antenna wave front is d, and the number N of T/R components which can be measured in one test satisfies the following second formula:
further, the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting performance of a multi-channel SAR (synthetic Aperture radar) antenna based on wireless single tr (transmitter and receiver) calibration, which is used for verifying the influence of a satellite SAR antenna on the performance change of the multi-channel SAR antenna before and after long-distance transportation and vibration test, and comprises: performing wireless single-TR calibration test on the radiation waveguide of the multi-channel SAR antenna by using a near-field probe so as to detect the performance state of the SAR antenna; determining a tripod, a handheld laser instrument, a near field probe of a corresponding frequency band and other equipment required during testing according to the working frequency band and the geometric dimension of the SAR antenna and the geometric relation between the near field probe and the SAR antenna; fixing the handheld laser range finder on the near-field probe antenna, and measuring the relative position relation between the laser range finder and the near-field probe antenna to calculate the specific positions of the near-field probe and the array surface; connecting the internal calibration system with an antenna calibration network port, disconnecting the internal calibration system from the antenna calibration network port, connecting a protection head with the internal calibration system, connecting the internal calibration system with a ground high-frequency test cable with a certain length, connecting an adjustable attenuator with the internal calibration system, and connecting the attenuator with a near-field probe through another ground high-frequency test cable with a certain length; opening a laser range finder and adjusting the height of a tripod to enable a laser spot to be exactly positioned at the central position of the array waveguide direction of the SAR antenna channel 1, locking the height position of the tripod, adjusting a rotary joint of the tripod to search for an angle corresponding to the minimum distance value of the laser range finder, locking the rotary joint of the tripod at the moment, adjusting the tripod to enable the probe to be at a proper position away from the array surface, and finally moving the tripod in the azimuth direction to enable the laser to be exactly positioned at the central position of the waveguide array surface of the channel 1; and (3) completely withdrawing tools used for erecting the near-field probe from the right front of the antenna array surface, checking the connection relation of the ground cable, and determining whether the internal calibration system is disconnected with the antenna calibration network cable and is connected with a matched load. After confirming that no error exists, powering up the SAR antenna, and carrying out single TR calibration test; and measuring the position of the three supporting feet of the tripod extending to the second channel of the SAR antenna in the azimuth direction by using a tape measure, checking the cable connection state after the three supporting feet are adjusted in place, powering up the antenna, performing single TR calibration test on the second channel, and so on until all channels of the multi-channel SAR antenna are completely tested.
When the method is adopted by the satellite to detect the performance of the multi-channel SAR antenna, the SAR antenna directional diagram retest with large scale, long period and high risk is not needed to be carried out on the SAR antenna in a large-scale microwave darkroom, the antenna performance detection can be directly carried out in a clean factory by wireless single TR calibration, the satellite transition test cost is greatly reduced, the technical risk possibly brought by folding and unfolding of the antenna is greatly reduced, the SAR antenna performance after transportation and vibration test is rapidly and simply detected, and meanwhile, compared with the traditional directional diagram retest method, the method provides a novel multi-channel SAR antenna detection method, and the detection efficiency is improved. The method of the invention is very important and meaningful for the performance detection of the multi-channel SAR antenna.
The invention discloses a preferable multi-channel SAR antenna performance detection method based on wireless single TR calibration, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the steps that a near-field probe is used for carrying out wireless single-TR calibration test on a multi-channel SAR antenna, and the wireless single-TR calibration test comprises the step of testing signals of an antenna complete main channel (a delay amplification component, a TR component, a radiation waveguide, a power divider, a high-frequency cable and the like) so as to detect the performance state of the SAR antenna;
step 2: determining a tripod, a handheld laser instrument, a near field probe of a corresponding frequency band and other equipment required during testing according to the working frequency band and the geometric dimension of the SAR antenna and the geometric relation between the near field probe and the SAR antenna;
and step 3: and fixing the handheld laser range finder on the near-field probe antenna, and measuring the relative position relationship between the laser range finder and the near-field probe antenna to calculate the specific position relationship between the near-field probe and the array surface. Simultaneously, measuring the parallelism of the laser range finder and the probe by using a level meter;
and 4, step 4: connecting the internal calibration system with an antenna calibration network port, disconnecting the internal calibration system from the antenna calibration network port, connecting a protection head with the internal calibration system, connecting the internal calibration system with a ground high-frequency test cable with a certain length, connecting an adjustable attenuator with the internal calibration system, and connecting the attenuator with a near-field probe through another ground high-frequency test cable with a certain length;
and 5: opening the laser range finder and adjusting the height of the tripod to enable the light spot of the laser to be exactly positioned at the central position of the array waveguide direction of the SAR antenna channel 1, locking the height position of the tripod, adjusting the rotary joint of the tripod to search the angle corresponding to the minimum distance value of the laser range finder, namely the angle of the near-field probe perpendicular to the array surface at the moment, locking the rotary joint of the tripod, adjusting the front and back positions of the tripod to enable the position of the probe away from the array surface to be exactly positioned at the position calculated in the step 3, and finally moving the tripod in the azimuth direction to enable the laser to be exactly positioned at the central position of the waveguide surface of the channel 1;
step 6: and (3) completely withdrawing tools used for erecting the near-field probe from the right front of the antenna array surface, checking the connection relation of the ground cable, and determining whether the internal calibration system is disconnected with the antenna calibration network cable and is connected with a matched load. After confirming that no error exists, powering up the SAR antenna, and carrying out single TR calibration test;
and 7: the three support feet of the tripod are measured using a tape measure and marked in a position extending azimuthally to the second channel of the SAR antenna. Then, the tripod is moved as a whole to the marked position. Then, the laser range finder is used to measure the position relationship of the waveguide probe and the wavefront (X, Y, Z three directions), all the movable joints of the tripod are kept in a locking state, and the whole tripod is finely adjusted to enable the laser spot to be located at a required position. And after the SAR antenna is adjusted in place, checking the connection state of the cable, powering up the antenna, and testing a second channel of the SAR antenna. And repeating the steps until all the channels of the multi-channel SAR antenna are completely tested.
The method is designed for the working frequency band C of the radar, and the SAR antennas in other frequency bands can be completely applicable by changing the type of the near-field probe and the distance of the antennas.
When the relative position relation between the laser range finder and the near-field probe antenna is measured, the design measurement error is not more than +/-1 mm, and the error is estimated by measuring for many times.
When the near-field probe is selected, a waveguide probe special for a near-field test system with a wave-absorbing material is adopted, for example, a C-band near-field probe, a BJ48 standard waveguide probe is selected, so as to eliminate the influence of the surrounding environment of the probe on the electrical performance of the probe.
Because the directional diagram of the wavefront waveguide slot antenna drops faster at the zero point, in order to improve the tolerance of the erection accuracy, when the antenna performance is detected, the near-field probe and the antenna waveguide slot antenna are required to be in a far-field condition, and the main lobe of the waveguide slot antenna is aligned with the near-field probe.
When the SAR antenna array surface is large and the number of channels is large, in order to reduce the test times, taking the C wave band as an example, the distance between the waveguide probe and the array surface is set to be in the main lobe of the wave beam, and the distances of other frequency bands can be properly adjusted according to the far-field directional diagram principle.
The method comprises the steps of using wireless single-TR calibration at each probe erection position, carrying out single-TR calibration test on the whole array surface of an antenna to obtain a plurality of groups of calibration data, then repeatedly moving a near-field probe to each channel, carrying out single-TR calibration test again, carrying out comparison analysis on the calibration data at the same position, analyzing the consistency of the amplitude and the phase of a calibration test result and the measurement precision and the error of the data, and finally detecting the performance change of the multi-channel SAR antenna.
Furthermore, a method for detecting the performance of a multi-channel SAR antenna based on wireless single-TR calibration according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1: the method comprises the steps that a near-field probe is used for carrying out wireless single-TR calibration test on a multi-channel SAR antenna, and the wireless single-TR calibration test comprises the step of testing signals of an antenna complete main channel (a delay amplification component, a TR component, a radiation waveguide, a power divider, a high-frequency cable and the like) so as to detect the performance state of the SAR antenna;
step 2: determining a tripod, a handheld laser instrument, a near field probe of a corresponding frequency band and other equipment required during testing according to the working frequency band and the geometric dimension of the SAR antenna and the geometric relation between the near field probe and the SAR antenna;
and step 3: fixing the handheld laser range finder on the near-field probe antenna, and measuring the relative position relationship between the laser range finder and the near-field probe antenna to calculate the specific position relationship between the near-field probe and the array surface to meet the following first formula:
and meanwhile, the parallelism between the laser range finder and the probe is measured by using the level meter. In order to improve the tolerance of erection precision, when a field calibration test is performed, the main lobe of the waveguide slot antenna needs to be aligned with the near-field probe antenna. And the smaller the main lobe range used in the test, the smaller the error introduced by the erection. In order to reduce the number of tests, the distance between the waveguide probe and the wavefront is set to be R, the beam width in the main lobe of the azimuth directional diagram is about theta, and the azimuth length of the single waveguide slot antenna of the antenna wavefront is d, so that the number N of T/R components which can be measured in one test satisfies the following second formula:
and 4, step 4: connecting the internal calibration system with an antenna calibration network port, disconnecting the internal calibration system from the antenna calibration network port, connecting a protection head with the internal calibration system, connecting the internal calibration system with a ground high-frequency test cable with a certain length, connecting an adjustable attenuator with the internal calibration system, and connecting the attenuator with a near-field probe through another ground high-frequency test cable with a certain length;
and 5: opening the laser range finder and adjusting the height of the tripod to enable the light spot of the laser to be exactly positioned at the central position of the array waveguide direction of the SAR antenna channel 1, locking the height position of the tripod, adjusting a rotary joint of the tripod to search for the angle corresponding to the minimum distance value of the laser range finder, locking the rotary joint of the tripod at the moment, adjusting the front and back positions of the tripod to enable the position of the probe away from the array surface to be exactly positioned at the position determined in the step 3, and finally moving the tripod in the azimuth direction to enable the laser to be exactly positioned at the central position of the waveguide surface of the channel 1;
step 6: and (3) completely withdrawing tools used for erecting the near-field probe from the right front of the antenna array surface, checking the connection relation of the ground cable, and determining whether the internal calibration system is disconnected with the antenna calibration network cable and is connected with a matched load. After confirming that no error exists, powering up the SAR antenna, and carrying out single TR calibration test;
and 7: the three support feet of the tripod are measured using a tape measure and marked in a position extending azimuthally to the second channel of the SAR antenna. Then, the tripod is moved as a whole to the marked position. Then, the laser range finder is used to measure the position relationship of the waveguide probe and the wavefront (X, Y, Z three directions), all the movable joints of the tripod are kept in a locking state, and the whole tripod is finely adjusted to enable the laser spot to be located at a required position. After the adjustment is in place, the cable connection state is checked, then the antenna is powered up, and a second channel single TR calibration test is carried out. And repeating the steps until all the channels of the multi-channel SAR antenna are completely tested. Preferably, the wave absorption performance of the microwave absorbing material is designed mainly for the working frequency band of the radar, and the requirements of other frequency bands can be properly reduced according to specific use conditions.
In conclusion, the method is used as a multi-channel SAR antenna performance detection method based on wireless single-TR calibration, the satellite transition test cost is greatly reduced, the technical risks possibly brought by folding and unfolding of the antenna are greatly reduced, the SAR antenna performance after transportation and vibration tests is simply and quickly detected, and meanwhile compared with a traditional directional diagram retest method, the method provides a novel multi-channel SAR antenna detection method, and the detection efficiency is improved.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-channel SAR antenna performance detection method based on wireless single TR calibration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: carrying out wireless single TR calibration test on the multi-channel SAR antenna by using a near-field probe, wherein the test comprises the test of a signal of a complete main channel of the antenna so as to detect the performance state of the SAR antenna;
step 2: determining a tripod, a handheld laser instrument and near field probe equipment of a corresponding frequency band required during testing according to the working frequency band and the geometric dimension of the SAR antenna and the geometric relation between the near field probe and the SAR antenna;
and step 3: fixing the handheld laser range finder on the near-field probe antenna, and measuring the relative position relationship between the laser range finder and the near-field probe antenna to calculate the specific position relationship between the near-field probe and the array surface; measuring the parallelism between the laser range finder and the probe by using a level meter;
and 4, step 4: connecting the internal calibration system with an antenna calibration network port, disconnecting the internal calibration system from the antenna calibration network port, connecting a protection head with the internal calibration system, connecting the internal calibration system with a ground high-frequency test cable with a certain length, connecting an adjustable attenuator with the internal calibration system, and connecting the attenuator with a near-field probe through another ground high-frequency test cable with a certain length;
and 5: opening the laser range finder and adjusting the height of the tripod to enable the light spot of the laser to be exactly positioned at the central position of the array waveguide direction of the SAR antenna channel 1, locking the height position of the tripod, adjusting the rotary joint of the tripod to search the angle corresponding to the minimum distance value of the laser range finder, namely the angle of the near-field probe perpendicular to the array surface at the moment, locking the rotary joint of the tripod, adjusting the front and back positions of the tripod to enable the position of the probe away from the array surface to be exactly positioned at the position calculated in the step 3, and finally moving the tripod in the azimuth direction to enable the laser to be exactly positioned at the central position of the waveguide surface of the channel 1;
step 6: tools used for erecting the near-field probe are completely withdrawn from the right front of the antenna array surface, the connection relation of the ground cable is checked, and whether the inner calibration system and the antenna calibration network cable are disconnected and connected with a matched load is confirmed; after confirming that no error exists, powering up the SAR antenna, and carrying out single TR calibration test;
and 7: measuring the position of three supporting feet of the tripod extending to a second channel of the SAR antenna in the azimuth direction by using a measuring tape, and marking; then, moving the tripod integrally to the marked position; then, measuring the position relation of the waveguide probe and the wavefront in X, Y, Z three directions by using a laser range finder, keeping all movable joints of the tripod in a locked state, and finely adjusting the whole tripod to enable the laser spot to be located at a required position; after the adjustment is in place, checking the cable connection state, powering up the antenna, and carrying out a second channel test of the SAR antenna; and repeating the steps until all the channels of the multi-channel SAR antenna are completely tested.
2. The method for detecting the performance of the multi-channel SAR antenna based on wireless single-TR calibration according to claim 1, wherein the complete main path of the antenna in step 1 comprises any one or any combination of a delay amplifying component, a TR component, a radiation waveguide, a power divider and a high-frequency cable.
3. The method for detecting the performance of the multi-channel SAR antenna based on the wireless single-TR calibration according to claim 1, characterized in that the type of the near-field probe and the distance between the near-field probe and the antenna are matched with the working frequency band of a radar to be detected.
4. The method for detecting the performance of the multi-channel SAR antenna based on the wireless single-TR calibration is characterized in that when the relative position relation between the laser range finder and the near-field probe antenna is measured, the design measurement error is not more than +/-1 mm.
5. The method for detecting the performance of the multi-channel SAR antenna based on the wireless single-TR calibration according to claim 1, characterized in that the near-field probe comprises a waveguide probe special for a near-field test system with a wave-absorbing material.
6. The method for detecting the performance of the multi-channel SAR antenna based on the wireless single-TR calibration is characterized in that the near-field probe and the waveguide slot antenna are in a far-field condition, and the main lobe position of the waveguide slot antenna is matched with the near-field probe.
7. The method for detecting the performance of the multi-channel SAR antenna based on the wireless single-TR calibration is characterized in that when the SAR antenna wavefront is as large as a set range and/or the number of channels is as large as the set range, the distance between the waveguide probe and the wavefront is adjusted according to a far-field directional pattern in order to reduce the test times.
8. The method for detecting the performance of the multi-channel SAR antenna based on the wireless single-TR calibration as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the wireless single-TR calibration is used at the erection position of each probe, the single-TR calibration test is carried out on the whole array surface of the antenna to obtain a plurality of sets of calibration data, then the near-field probe is repeatedly moved to each channel, the single-TR calibration test is carried out again, the calibration data at the same position is compared and analyzed, the consistency of the amplitude and the phase of the calibration test result and the measurement precision and the error of the data are analyzed, and finally the purpose of detecting the performance change of the multi-channel SAR antenna is achieved.
9. The method for detecting the performance of the multi-channel SAR antenna based on the wireless single-TR calibration as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the specific position relationship between the near-field probe and the wavefront meets the following first formula:
wherein R is the distance between the waveguide probe and the wavefront; d is the size of the antenna, and lambda is the wavelength of the antenna frequency band.
10. The method for detecting the performance of the multi-channel SAR antenna based on wireless single-TR calibration according to claim 1, wherein in order to reduce the number of tests, the distance from the waveguide probe to the wavefront is set to be R, the beam width in the main lobe of the azimuth directional pattern is set to be theta within a set error range, and the azimuth length of the single waveguide slot antenna of the antenna wavefront is d, so that the number N of T/R components which can be measured in one test satisfies the following second formula:
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