CN110988811B - Grating lobe ambiguity resolution method applied to sparsely-arranged broadband phased array - Google Patents
Grating lobe ambiguity resolution method applied to sparsely-arranged broadband phased array Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/66—Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/72—Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar
- G01S13/723—Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar by using numerical data
- G01S13/726—Multiple target tracking
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
- G01S7/414—Discriminating targets with respect to background clutter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S2013/0236—Special technical features
- G01S2013/0245—Radar with phased array antenna
- G01S2013/0254—Active array antenna
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/023—Interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques
Abstract
The invention provides a grating lobe ambiguity resolution method applied to a sparsely-arranged broadband phased array, wherein the sparsely-arranged broadband phased array equally divides the frequency of a working bandwidth within the working bandwidth range, transmits a transmitting signal with the frequency of F1 and receives an echo; switching the transmitting frequency of the sparse array broadband phased array to be F2-FN in sequence, receiving echoes in sequence, and if no target exists in the echoes, enabling the target to exist at the position of an original grating lobe; if the target exists, the target exists at the position of the original received signal. The calculation process of the grating lobe discrimination is the same as that of a common radar searching and tracking method, and extra calculation amount is not increased, so that the method has the characteristics of simplicity, practicability, small calculation amount and simple system; the broadband radar system has the characteristics of low interception and strong anti-interference capability in frequency hopping; the broadband radar system can obtain the advantages of multipath resistance and good low-angle performance by frequency hopping.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of radars, in particular to a grating lobe ambiguity resolution method.
Background
The phased array system radar has the capability of agility of beam position and shape, and can effectively realize rapid and flexible detection of airspace and multi-target tracking; the phased array system is divided into 3 stages of passive, active and digital phased arrays: the passive phased array radar is characterized in that an electrovacuum tube central transmitter is adopted, and the passive phased array radar has the advantages of fast search rate and self-adaptive agility scanning capability; the active phased array radar is characterized in that a solid component is adopted, so that the active phased array radar has high sensitivity, high reliability and high detection performance; the digital phased array radar is characterized in that a digital beam forming technology is adopted, and the digital phased array radar has the advantages of high wide area scanning speed, high sensitivity, better clutter cancellation, flexibility in operation (multi-path simultaneous beam and multi-path transmission of beams) and better calibration mode. However, the phased array system is adopted, which means that a multi-active channel design is adopted, huge cost is brought, in order to realize low-cost design of the phased array system, system performance and cost are considered, a sparse array surface deployment mode is adopted as an effective means, and problems of grating lobes, limited scanning range and the like are brought, so that the problem of ambiguity brought by the grating lobes needs to be solved urgently.
A grating lobe suppression method related to a grid lobe suppression method (patent number: 201410175635.5) which is filed by the zero-eight electronics group company Limited and named as an array method for suppressing the grating lobes of a large-spacing phased array antenna is mainly combined with an array sparsification principle and a subarray-level aperiodic structure principle to construct an array with a unit spacing larger than one wavelength, and technical indexes and requirements such as gain, resolution, grating lobe suppression and the like are met by fewer antenna units.
A grating lobe suppression method related to a sparse array broadband beam forming (patent number: 201510616319.1) filed by Harbin engineering university mainly utilizes frequency domain broadband beam forming processing to obtain a spatial spectrum output matrix P and grating lobe angle prediction, calculates a grating lobe suppression weight coefficient matrix according to a grating lobe angle prediction result and a grating lobe range, and then suppresses grating lobes by utilizing the spatial spectrum output matrix P and the grating lobe suppression weight coefficient matrix.
A grating lobe suppression method which is submitted by twenty-seventh research institute of China electronics and technology group company and named as a digital beam forming method for solving the problem of grating lobe interference (patent number: 201611244720.8) mainly comprises the steps of completing blocking processing of grating lobe interference signals and calculation of weight vectors in a DSP on a digital beam forming processing board, generating weight vectors, performing weighting processing in the digital beam forming process to form final receiving beams, and suppressing the grating lobe interference in a self-adaptive mode.
A grating lobe judging method applicable to general equidistant sparse array single-frequency signal beam forming (patent number: 201810611654.6) filed by Suzhou Santai ocean instrument research and development Limited company adopts a ship body rotation method to judge grating lobes according to the principle that the equidistant linear arrays form different main grating lobe angle difference values in different directions, and the array form does not need to be designed, so that the method has a limited application range and depends on ship body rotation.
At present, the existing grating lobe suppression methods have certain limitations, and the research needs to be carried out on the grating lobe suppression method of the active phased array radar with sparse array so as to realize the low-cost design of the active phased array radar.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a grating lobe ambiguity resolution method applied to a sparsely arranged broadband phased array. The active phased array radar antenna is mainly designed aiming at low cost of the active phased array radar.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem comprises the following detailed steps:
step 1: the sparsely distributed array broadband phased array equally divides the frequency of the working bandwidth into N parts within the working bandwidth range, the frequency is F1 to FN in sequence, wherein the relative bandwidth is (highest working bandwidth frequency-lowest working bandwidth frequency)/(highest working bandwidth frequency + lowest working bandwidth frequency) and is more than 5%, the interval of N frequencies is B, B is more than one tenth of the working bandwidth, namely N is (highest frequency of working bandwidth-lowest frequency of working bandwidth)/B, the sparse array broadband phased array transmits a transmitting signal with the frequency of F1, receives an echo, if the echo signal calculated by the radar conventional target detection algorithm is higher than a detection threshold at the moment, judges that a target exists, due to the existence of the grating lobe, the position of the target cannot be determined, and the position where the target possibly appears is the pointing position of the transmitting beam or the position where the grating lobe exists;
step 2: switching the transmitting frequency of the sparse array broadband phased array to be F2-FN in sequence, receiving echoes in sequence, and if the echoes do not have a target at the moment, determining that the target exists at the position of an original grating lobe; if the target exists, the target exists in the position of the original received signal;
because the position of the antenna grating lobe changes along with the wavelength of the transmitted signal, the position of the transmitted beam is determined by the phase distribution of the phased array, if the transmitting frequency of the radar is changed, the position of the grating lobe changes along with the frequency, and the position of the transmitted beam is controlled by the phase distribution code, so that the original pointing position is kept unchanged.
The invention has the advantages that aiming at the low-cost design of the active phased array radar, the following objective rules are utilized: the grating lobe position of the broadband phased array under the sparse array arrangement condition changes along with the frequency change, the wavelength corresponding to the frequency has a fixed change rule, and the target position has no correlation with the frequency change, so that the broadband phased array has the following advantages: 1) the calculation process of the grating lobe discrimination is the same as that of a common radar searching and tracking method, and extra calculation amount is not increased, so that the method has the characteristics of simplicity, practicability, small calculation amount and simple system; 2) the broadband radar system has the characteristics of low interception and strong anti-interference capability in frequency hopping; 3) the broadband radar system can obtain the advantages of multipath resistance and good low-angle performance by frequency hopping.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a principle of a grating lobe ambiguity resolution method applied to a sparsely distributed array broadband phased array.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
A grating lobe ambiguity resolution method applied to a sparsely distributed array broadband phased array comprises the following steps:
step 1: the sparsely distributed array broadband phased array equally divides the frequency of the working bandwidth into N parts within the working bandwidth range, the frequency is F1 to FN in sequence, wherein the relative bandwidth is (highest working bandwidth frequency-lowest working bandwidth frequency)/(highest working bandwidth frequency + lowest working bandwidth frequency) and is more than 5%, the interval of N frequencies is B, B is more than one tenth of the working bandwidth, namely N is (highest frequency of working bandwidth-lowest frequency of working bandwidth)/B, the sparse array broadband phased array transmits a transmitting signal with the frequency of F1, receives an echo, if the echo signal calculated by the radar conventional target detection algorithm is higher than a detection threshold at the moment, judges that a target exists, due to the existence of the grating lobe, the position of the target cannot be determined, and the position where the target possibly appears is the pointing position of the transmitting beam or the position where the grating lobe exists;
step 2: switching the transmitting frequency of the sparse array broadband phased array to be F2-FN in sequence, receiving echoes in sequence, and if no target exists in the echoes, enabling the target to exist at the position of an original grating lobe; if the target exists, the target exists in the position of the original received signal;
because the position of the antenna grating lobe changes along with the wavelength of the transmitted signal, the position of the transmitted beam is determined by the phase distribution of the phased array, if the transmitting frequency of the radar is changed, the position of the grating lobe changes along with the frequency, and the position of the transmitted beam is controlled by the phase distribution code, so that the original pointing position is kept unchanged.
The grating lobe position is
Wherein m is the number of grating lobes, λ is the signal wavelength, d is the unit (or sub-array) spacing, α is the beam pointing angle, the grating lobe position is related to the frequency, and the grating lobe position is different at different frequencies.
The wave beam is directed to
A phase distribution value of
Wherein
Respectively pointing to azimuth and elevation wave beams, dx and dy respectively being the unit spacing of azimuth and elevation units (or sub-arrays),
is the initial phase value of the unit (or sub-array);
the invention is mainly designed aiming at the low cost of the active phased array radar. The method mainly utilizes the following objective rules: the grating lobe position of the broadband phased array under the sparse array distribution condition changes along with the frequency change, the wavelength corresponding to the frequency has a fixed change rule, and the target position has no correlation with the frequency change, so that the method has the following advantages: 1) the calculation process of the grating lobe discrimination is the same as that of a common radar searching and tracking method, and extra calculation amount is not increased, so that the method has the characteristics of simplicity, practicability, small calculation amount and simple system; 2) the broadband radar system has the characteristics of low interception and strong anti-interference capability in frequency hopping; 3) the broadband radar system can obtain the advantages of multipath resistance and good low-angle performance by frequency hopping.
Claims (1)
1. A grating lobe ambiguity resolution method applied to a sparsely distributed array broadband phased array is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: the sparsely distributed array broadband phased array equally divides the frequency of the working bandwidth into N parts within the working bandwidth range, the frequency is F1 to FN in sequence, wherein the relative bandwidth is (highest working bandwidth frequency-lowest working bandwidth frequency)/(highest working bandwidth frequency + lowest working bandwidth frequency) and is more than 5%, the interval of N frequencies is B, B is more than one tenth of the working bandwidth, namely N is (highest frequency of working bandwidth-lowest frequency of working bandwidth)/B, the sparse array broadband phased array transmits a transmitting signal with the frequency of F1, receives an echo, if the echo signal calculated by the radar conventional target detection algorithm is higher than a detection threshold at the moment, judges that a target exists, due to the existence of the grating lobe, the position of the target cannot be determined, and the position where the target possibly appears is the pointing position of the transmitting beam or the position where the grating lobe exists;
step 2: switching the transmitting frequency of the sparse array broadband phased array to be F2-FN in sequence, receiving echoes in sequence, and if no target exists in the echoes, enabling the target to exist at the position of an original grating lobe; if the target exists, the target exists in the position of the original received signal;
because the position of the antenna grating lobe changes along with the wavelength of the transmitted signal, the position of the transmitted beam is determined by the phase distribution of the phased array, if the transmitting frequency of the radar is changed, the position of the grating lobe changes along with the frequency, and the position of the transmitted beam is controlled by the phase distribution code, so that the original pointing position is kept unchanged.
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| CN111510186B (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2024-04-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Aperiodic plane sparse light-operated phased array transmitting antenna system |
| CN112014835B (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2023-05-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司信息科学研究院 | Target tracking method and device of distributed sparse array radar under grating lobe ambiguity |
| CN112162242B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2023-08-22 | 航天南湖电子信息技术股份有限公司 | Beam control equipment and beam control method of phased sparse array radar |
| CN113093257B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-04-12 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Phased array beam satellite-to-satellite tracking system and method based on broadband frequency hopping signal |
| CN114114240B (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2024-02-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司信息科学研究院 | Three-dimensional target tracking method and device of ultra-sparse array under influence of grating lobes |
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