CN110987956A - System and method for intelligently identifying and managing quality problems of outer wall functional layer - Google Patents
System and method for intelligently identifying and managing quality problems of outer wall functional layer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system for intelligently identifying and managing quality problems of outer wall functional layers, which comprises: the system comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle, a GPS positioning module, a radar and a distance measuring device which are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, and a control system for controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle, the radar and the distance measuring device to work; and the data processing and early warning system is used for receiving and processing information, processing the received quality and surface condition information of the outer wall functional layer, displaying the processed quality defect, detection result and defect classification, starting early warning when the defect classification exceeds a set standard, and giving a protection suggestion and a repair measure. The invention can conveniently, efficiently and accurately obtain the detection result, and greatly reduces the workload and technical risk of detection technicians.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of constructional engineering detection, in particular to a system and a method for intelligently identifying and managing quality problems of outer wall functional layers.
Background
The building outer wall comprises a body and a functional layer, wherein the body is a structural layer or a filling layer, and the functional layer outside the body is a single or composite layer such as a leveling layer, a waterproof layer, a heat insulation layer, a steam barrier, a ventilation layer, a decorative layer and the like. More and more houses are built in China, but the construction quality is difficult to guarantee. In recent years, the quality problems of cracks, falling, water seepage and the like of exterior walls of various places are caused, and the requirements for detecting the defects of the exterior walls of buildings are more and more.
The hollowing is caused by the fact that air exists in the original masonry and dust ash, and during detection, a hollowing hammer or a hard object is used for tapping the plastering layer and the leveling layer to generate clattering-clattering sound to be hollow. The hollowing in the quality of a house generally refers to the hollowing imagination that the decoration layer (plastering or tile pasting) of the floor, the wall surface and the ceiling of the house and the structural layer (concrete or brick wall) are not firmly pasted and combined, and is commonly called as 'two layers of skins'.
The traditional detection method is that an experienced engineer uses a hollowing hammer to knock the wall surface, and listens to knocking sound to distinguish whether the wall surface is hollowed. However, the detection is only performed by knocking by people, and the method has the defects of low efficiency, small application range, dependence on the experience of engineers and the like, and is obviously not feasible for the outer walls of high-rise buildings and the like.
At present, a set of convenient and efficient outer wall defect detection device does not exist in China. The detection and identification of the defects (cracks and falling off of the outer wall) of the existing building outer wall mainly depend on visual inspection and local damage detection of engineering technicians, so that the workload is high, the defects of the outer wall can not be accurately observed by naked eyes for the building with higher overall height, and the problem that the damage detection is difficult exists in the outer wall at a higher position.
Therefore, how to conveniently and efficiently detect the defects of the building outer wall is a problem to be solved urgently in the work of detecting the defects of the building outer wall at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the system overcomes the defects in the prior art and provides the system for intelligently identifying and managing the quality problem of the outer wall functional layer.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a system for intelligently identifying and managing quality problems of outer wall functional layers comprises:
the unmanned aerial vehicle can fly to any position of the outer wall of the building;
the GPS positioning module is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, can automatically record the position of the location of the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time and outputs position information;
the radar is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, can collect the functional layer and the surface condition information of the outer wall of the building, and outputs the collected quality and the surface condition information of the functional layer of the outer wall;
the distance measuring device is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle and used for measuring and recording the distances between the distance measuring device and the peripheral edge and the surface to be measured, and triggering the sending and receiving of radar electromagnetic waves through the change of the measured distance;
the control system is used for controlling the work of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the radar and the distance measuring device;
and the data processing and early warning system is used for receiving the position information output by the GPS positioning module and the quality and surface condition information of the outer wall functional layer output by the radar, processing the received information, displaying the processed quality defect, detection result and defect classification, comparing the defect classification with a set standard, and when the defect classification exceeds the set standard, starting early warning to give a protection suggestion and a repair measure.
In the system for intelligently identifying and managing the quality problem of the outer wall functional layer, the unmanned aerial vehicle can fly to any position of the outer wall of a building, automatically records the position of the place where the unmanned aerial vehicle is located in real time, and outputs position information; the surface condition acquisition device is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle and used for acquiring a functional layer and surface conditions of an outer wall of a building and outputting the acquired quality and surface condition information of the functional layer of the outer wall; the distance measuring device measures and records the distances between the distance measuring device and the peripheral edge and the surface to be measured in real time, and triggers the sending and receiving of radar electromagnetic waves through the change of the measured distance; the control system is used for controlling the work of surface condition acquisition devices such as the unmanned aerial vehicle, the radar, the distance measuring device and the like; the data processing and early warning system is used for receiving the position information output by the GPS positioning module and the surface condition information output by the surface condition acquisition devices such as the radar and the like, processing the received information in real time and comparing the processed information with the database image, and triggering knocking and early warning if the processed image is basically consistent with the database image; and obtaining a quality defect detection result in time according to the knocking result and the radar processing image.
The radar detection is in a form of broadband short pulses by utilizing high-frequency electromagnetic waves, a transmitting antenna sends a high-frequency electromagnetic pulse wave in the working process, the structural layers of the outer wall can be distinguished according to the electromagnetic properties such as dielectric constant, when the electromagnetic properties of the materials of the adjacent structural layers are different, the transmission and reflection of radio-frequency signals can be influenced between the interfaces of the adjacent structural layers, and the transmission and the reflection can occur. One part of the electromagnetic wave energy is reflected back by the interface, and the other part of the energy can continuously penetrate through the interface and enter the next layer of dielectric material. In the process of transmitting electromagnetic waves in an outer wall system, transmission and reflection occur at an interlayer interface when different structural layers are encountered. The transmitted radar signal will be weaker and weaker due to the lossy effect of the dielectric material on the electromagnetic wave signal. The electromagnetic wave reflected by each interface is received by a receiver in the antenna, recorded by a host computer and converted into a digital signal by utilizing a sampling technology for processing. And obtaining the two-way travel time t from the transmission through the outer wall interface to the receiving antenna from the test result profile, and when the wave speed of the outer wall dielectric material is known, obtaining the position and the depth of the target body according to the measured accurate t value. Therefore, each measuring point can be rapidly and continuously detected, and a radar section image is obtained through data processing according to the waveform and the intensity characteristics of the reflected wave group. The plane distribution condition of the target body of the outer wall can be known through the detection of a plurality of measuring lines. By analyzing the time-frequency characteristics, amplitude characteristics, phase characteristics and the like of the electromagnetic wave reflection signals (namely echo signals), the characteristic information of the outer wall, namely layer thickness, cavities, cracks and the like can be obtained.
Further, the unmanned aerial vehicle is further provided with a camera, the falling and crack conditions of the outer wall of the building are detected by shooting or photographing the surface of the outer wall of the building, the camera is further integrated with a wireless signal transmitting device and used for outputting video or picture information shot by the camera to a data processing and early warning system, the data processing and early warning system receives and processes the video or picture information, and a control system controls the camera and the wireless signal transmitting device to work.
Further inject, still be provided with infrared thermal imager on the unmanned aerial vehicle, through making a video recording or shoot the hollowing that detects the building outer wall, the infiltration condition to the surface of building outer wall, still integrated wireless signal transmitting device on the infrared thermal imager for video or picture information output that the infrared thermal imager was shot give data processing and early warning system, and data processing and early warning system receive and handle, control system control infrared thermal imager and wireless signal transmitting device's work.
Further, the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with an obstacle anti-collision device. The obstacle in the flight direction can be effectively avoided.
In order to conveniently realize monitoring and reduce system cost, the control system and the data processing and early warning system are used for being in wired/wireless connection with a computer, a mobile phone or a tablet computer; the distance measuring device is an infrared distance measuring device or a laser distance measuring device.
Further, the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with an empty drum hammer for verification when the data processing and early warning system outputs a detection result of suspected empty drum.
The invention aims to solve another technical problem that: the method overcomes the defects in the prior art and provides the method for intelligently identifying and managing the quality problem of the outer wall functional layer.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for intelligently identifying and managing quality problems of outer wall functional layers comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, an unmanned aerial vehicle is controlled to fly along the outer wall of a building to be detected, position information is transmitted to a data processing and early warning system in real time through a GPS positioning module, a preset flight track is designed according to the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle during detection, and the preset flight track is input into a control system;
secondly, the control system sends a control signal to the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle flies along the outer wall of the building to be tested according to the preset flying track in the step (I), the distance measuring device measures and records the distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the peripheral edge and the distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the surface to be tested in real time, the position information of the unmanned aerial vehicle is automatically recorded in real time, and the position information is transmitted to the data processing and early warning system in real time;
thirdly, the control system controls the sending and receiving of radar electromagnetic waves in real time according to the distance state measured by the distance measuring device in the step (II), performs quality detection and defect information acquisition on the building outer wall functional layer, and transmits the quality and surface condition information of the outer wall functional layer to the data processing and early warning system in real time;
and fourthly, analyzing and processing the quality and the surface condition information of the outer wall functional layer monitored by the radar in the step III by the data processing and early warning system, comparing the information with the information in the database to obtain a defect position, a defect type and a defect grade conclusion, and starting early warning to give a protection suggestion and a repair measure when the defect grade exceeds a set standard.
And further limiting, when the data processing and early warning system outputs a detection result of suspected hollowing, the control system sends a control signal to control the hollow hammer to carry out beating verification on the suspected hollowing area.
The unmanned aerial vehicle is also provided with a camera, the falling and crack conditions of the outer wall of the building are detected by shooting or photographing the surface of the outer wall of the building, and the camera is also integrated with a wireless signal transmitting device and used for outputting the video or picture information shot by the camera to a data processing and early warning system;
the control system sends a control signal to the camera to control the camera to shoot the surface of the building outer wall, the quality defect is collected, surface condition information is transmitted to the data processing and early warning system in real time, and the data processing and early warning system receives and processes the surface condition information;
the unmanned aerial vehicle is also provided with an infrared thermal imager, the hollowing and water seepage conditions of the building outer wall are detected by shooting or photographing the surface of the building outer wall, and the infrared thermal imager is also integrated with a wireless signal transmitting device and used for outputting video or picture information shot by the infrared thermal imager to a data processing and early warning system;
and (III) the control system sends a control signal to the infrared thermal imager to control the infrared thermal imager to shoot the to-be-detected surface of the building outer wall, the quality defect is collected, the surface condition information is transmitted to the data processing and early warning system in real time, and the data processing and early warning system receives and processes the information.
Further, the vertical ascending or descending speed of the unmanned aerial vehicle is 0.5-1 m/s. Unmanned aerial vehicle keeps this kind of flying speed, can ensure the accuracy and the stability of the surface condition collection device such as radar collection signal, and unmanned aerial vehicle keeps this kind of distance with waiting to detect the face, can effectively satisfy surface condition collection device's such as radar collection requirement, also is favorable to unmanned aerial vehicle's flight safety.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the radar detection technology for detecting the state of the quality of the outer wall, and has the outstanding advantages of no damage, rapidness, simplicity, high precision and the like; the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for detecting the outer wall of the building, so that the full coverage of the outer wall range of the building can be realized, meanwhile, the GPS positioning module and the laser ranging device on the unmanned aerial vehicle transmit the position information of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the data processing and early warning system in real time, and the detection information of the outer wall can be recorded more accurately and timely; the control system and the data processing and early warning system are used for controlling the working states of the surface condition acquisition devices such as the unmanned aerial vehicle, the radar and the like; the real-time position information of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the surface condition information collected by the surface condition collecting device such as a radar are output to the data processing and early warning system, the data processing and early warning system receives the information and then processes and verifies the information to obtain a quality defect detection result, and the condition of knowing the quality defect of the outer wall of the building visually can be clear. Therefore, the invention can conveniently, efficiently and accurately obtain the detection result, and greatly reduces the workload and technical risk of detection technicians.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of intelligent identification and management of quality problems of exterior wall functional layers provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a system block diagram of intelligent identification and management of quality problems of the outer wall functional layer provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a system block diagram of intelligent identification and management of quality problems of exterior wall functional layers provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an unmanned aerial vehicle; 2, a GPS positioning module; 3. a distance measuring device; 4. a radar; 5. a camera; 6. an infrared thermal imager; 7. an air drum hammer; 8. an obstacle collision prevention device; 9. a data processing and early warning system; 10. and (5) controlling the system.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a system for intelligently identifying and managing quality problems of exterior wall functional layers includes: the unmanned aerial vehicle can fly to any position of the outer wall of the building; an air drum hammer and an obstacle anti-collision device are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle; the GPS positioning module arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle can automatically record the position information of the place where the unmanned aerial vehicle is located in real time and output the position information; (ii) a The radar arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle can collect the quality and the surface condition information of the outer wall functional layer of the building and output the collected quality and the surface condition information of the outer wall functional layer; the distance measuring device is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle and used for measuring and recording the distances between the distance measuring device and the peripheral edge and the surface to be measured, and triggering the sending and receiving of radar electromagnetic waves through the change of the measured distance; the control system is used for controlling the work of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the radar and the distance measuring device; the system is used for receiving the position information output by the GPS positioning module and the quality and surface condition information of the outer wall functional layer output by the radar, processing the received information, displaying the processed quality defect, detection result and defect grade, comparing the defect grade with a set standard, and giving a protection suggestion and a repair measure when the defect grade exceeds the set standard.
In this embodiment, the distance measuring device is a laser distance measuring device; the control system and the data processing and early warning system are used for being in wireless connection with the computer.
The specific operation method comprises the following steps: controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly along the outer wall of the building to be detected, transmitting position information to the data processing and early warning system in real time through the GPS positioning module, designing a preset flight track according to the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle during detection, and inputting the preset flight track into the control system; the unmanned aerial vehicle flies along the outer wall of the building to be tested according to a preset flying track, the laser ranging device measures and records the distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the peripheral edge and the distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the surface to be tested in real time, the position information of the unmanned aerial vehicle is automatically recorded in real time, and the position information is transmitted to the data processing and early warning system in real time; the control system controls the sending and receiving of radar electromagnetic waves in real time according to the distance state measured by the laser ranging device, performs quality detection and defect information acquisition on the building outer wall functional layer, and transmits the quality and surface condition information of the outer wall functional layer to the data processing and early warning system in real time; the data processing and early warning system analyzes and processes the quality and surface condition information of the outer wall function layer monitored by the radar, compares the information with the information in the database to obtain the defect position, defect type and defect grade conclusions, and starts early warning to give protection suggestions and repair measures when the defect grade exceeds a set standard; and when the data processing and early warning system outputs a detection result of suspected hollowing, the control system sends a control signal to control the hollow hammer to verify the suspected hollowing area.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the difference from embodiment 1 is that: the unmanned aerial vehicle is also provided with a camera, the falling and crack conditions of the outer wall of the building are detected by shooting or photographing the surface of the outer wall of the building, and the camera is also integrated with a wireless signal transmitting device and used for outputting video or picture information shot by the camera to a data processing and early warning system;
the specific operation method further comprises the following steps: the control system sends a control signal to the camera, the camera is controlled to shoot the surface of the building outer wall, quality defects are collected, surface condition information is transmitted to the data processing and early warning system in real time, and the data processing and early warning system receives and processes the surface condition information.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 3, the difference from embodiment 2 is that: the unmanned aerial vehicle is also provided with an infrared thermal imager, the hollowing and water seepage conditions of the building outer wall are detected by shooting or photographing the surface of the building outer wall, and the infrared thermal imager is also integrated with a wireless signal transmitting device and used for outputting video or picture information shot by the infrared thermal imager to a data processing and early warning system;
the specific operation method further comprises the following steps: the control system sends a control signal to the infrared thermal imager, the infrared thermal imager is controlled to shoot a to-be-detected surface of the building outer wall, quality defects are collected, surface condition information is transmitted to the data processing and early warning system in real time, and the data processing and early warning system receives and processes the surface condition information.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a system for outer wall functional layer quality problem intelligent recognition and management which characterized in that includes:
the unmanned aerial vehicle can fly to any position of the outer wall of the building;
the GPS positioning module is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, can automatically record the position of the location of the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time and outputs position information;
the radar is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, can collect the functional layer and the surface condition information of the outer wall of the building, and outputs the collected quality and the surface condition information of the functional layer of the outer wall;
the distance measuring device is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle and used for measuring and recording the distances between the distance measuring device and the peripheral edge and the surface to be measured, and triggering the sending and receiving of radar electromagnetic waves through the change of the measured distance;
the control system is used for controlling the work of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the radar and the distance measuring device;
and the data processing and early warning system is used for receiving the position information output by the GPS positioning module and the quality and surface condition information of the outer wall functional layer output by the radar, processing the received information, displaying the processed quality defect, detection result and defect classification, comparing the defect classification with a set standard, and when the defect classification exceeds the set standard, starting early warning to give a protection suggestion and a repair measure.
2. The system for intelligently identifying and managing the quality problems of the outer wall functional layers according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the unmanned aerial vehicle is also provided with a camera, the falling and crack conditions of the outer wall of the building are detected by shooting or photographing the surface of the outer wall of the building, the camera is also integrated with a wireless signal transmitting device and used for outputting video or picture information shot by the camera to a data processing and early warning system, the data processing and early warning system receives and processes the video or picture information, and a control system controls the camera and the wireless signal transmitting device to work.
3. The system for intelligently identifying and managing the quality problems of the outer wall functional layers according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with an infrared thermal imager, and the surface through to building outer wall is made a video recording or is shot and detect building outer wall's hollowing, infiltration condition, the last wireless signal transmitting device that still integrates of infrared thermal imager for video or picture information output that the infrared thermal imager was shot give data processing and early warning system, and data processing and early warning system receive and handle, and control system controls infrared thermal imager and wireless signal transmitting device's work.
4. The system for intelligently identifying and managing the quality problems of the outer wall functional layers according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and the unmanned aerial vehicle is also provided with a barrier anti-collision device.
5. The system for intelligently identifying and managing the quality problems of the outer wall functional layers according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the control system and the data processing and early warning system are used for being in wired/wireless connection with a computer, a mobile phone or a tablet computer; the distance measuring device is an infrared distance measuring device or a laser distance measuring device.
6. The system for intelligently identifying and managing the quality problems of the outer wall functional layers according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and the unmanned aerial vehicle is also provided with an empty drum hammer for performing tapping verification on the outer wall under the control of the control system when the detection result output by the data processing and early warning system is suspected empty drum.
7. A method for intelligently identifying and managing quality problems of outer wall functional layers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that firstly, an unmanned aerial vehicle is controlled to fly along the outer wall of a building to be detected, position information is transmitted to a data processing and early warning system in real time through a GPS positioning module, a preset flight track is designed according to the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle during detection, and the preset flight track is input into a control system;
secondly, the control system sends a control signal to the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle flies along the outer wall of the building to be tested according to the preset flying track in the step (I), the distance measuring device measures and records the distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the peripheral edge and the distance between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the surface to be tested in real time, the position information of the unmanned aerial vehicle is automatically recorded in real time, and the position information is transmitted to the data processing and early warning system in real time;
thirdly, the control system controls the sending and receiving of radar electromagnetic waves in real time according to the distance state measured by the distance measuring device in the step (II), performs quality detection and defect information acquisition on the building outer wall functional layer, and transmits the quality and surface condition information of the outer wall functional layer to the data processing and early warning system in real time;
and fourthly, analyzing and processing the quality and the surface condition information of the outer wall functional layer monitored by the radar in the step III by the data processing and early warning system, comparing the information with the information in the database to obtain a defect position, a defect type and a defect grade conclusion, and starting early warning to give a protection suggestion and a repair measure when the defect grade exceeds a set standard.
8. The method for intelligently identifying and managing the quality problems of the outer wall functional layers according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and when the data processing and early warning system outputs a detection result of suspected hollowing, the control system sends a control signal to control the hollowing hammer to beat and verify the suspected hollowing area.
9. The method for intelligently identifying and managing the quality problems of the outer wall functional layers according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the unmanned aerial vehicle is also provided with a camera, the falling and crack conditions of the outer wall of the building are detected by shooting or photographing the surface of the outer wall of the building, and the camera is also integrated with a wireless signal transmitting device and used for outputting the video or picture information shot by the camera to a data processing and early warning system;
the control system sends a control signal to the camera to control the camera to shoot the surface of the building outer wall, the quality defect is collected, surface condition information is transmitted to the data processing and early warning system in real time, and the data processing and early warning system receives and processes the surface condition information;
the unmanned aerial vehicle is also provided with an infrared thermal imager, the hollowing and water seepage conditions of the building outer wall are detected by shooting or photographing the surface of the building outer wall, and the infrared thermal imager is also integrated with a wireless signal transmitting device and used for outputting video or picture information shot by the infrared thermal imager to a data processing and early warning system;
and (III) the control system sends a control signal to the infrared thermal imager to control the infrared thermal imager to shoot the to-be-detected surface of the building outer wall, the quality defect is collected, the surface condition information is transmitted to the data processing and early warning system in real time, and the data processing and early warning system receives and processes the information.
10. The method for intelligently identifying and managing the quality problems of the outer wall functional layers according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the vertical ascending or descending speed of the unmanned aerial vehicle is 0.5-1 m/s.
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