CN110987275A - On-line monitoring system for axial force of bolt in hub and wind generating set - Google Patents
On-line monitoring system for axial force of bolt in hub and wind generating set Download PDFInfo
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- CN110987275A CN110987275A CN201911339049.9A CN201911339049A CN110987275A CN 110987275 A CN110987275 A CN 110987275A CN 201911339049 A CN201911339049 A CN 201911339049A CN 110987275 A CN110987275 A CN 110987275A
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- bolt
- hub
- axial force
- generating set
- monitoring system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
- G01L5/246—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed using acoustic waves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0009—Force sensors associated with a bearing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/12—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring axial thrust in a rotary shaft, e.g. of propulsion plants
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an on-line monitoring system for the axial force of a bolt in a hub and a wind generating set. The system can effectively avoid common failure modes in industries such as loosening and breaking of bolts and the like, and has remarkable effects of ensuring stable operation of the unit and reducing the operation and maintenance cost of the high-strength bolts and bolts of the wind generating set.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an on-line monitoring system for axial force of a high-strength connecting bolt in a hub of a wind turbine generator and a wind turbine generator comprising the same, and belongs to the field of wind power application.
Background
With the rapid development of wind power generation technology, the installed capacity is increased year by year, the problem of high-strength bolt connection is more and more, the safe operation of a fan is seriously influenced, and the great attention of various complete machine manufacturers is gradually paid.
The high-strength bolt is mainly used for connecting key components of the wind generating set, and the loading condition of the bolt plays a crucial role in safe and reliable operation of the wind generating set. On the spot, due to the reasons of unskilled operation of process implementation personnel, inaccurate process parameters (such as tensile resilience value and torque coefficient), untimely operation and maintenance of a wind field and the like, the high-strength bolt cannot operate in a designed pre-tightening force value state, meanwhile, local bolt breakage events caused by alternating loads due to the changeful and uncertain wind, and accidents such as blade falling and unit collapse caused by bolt loosening and breakage sometimes occur, and the accidents all put forward higher requirements on the design, construction, operation and maintenance and the like of bolt connection. The bolt looseness monitoring method adopted in the industry at present is a laggard marking method, namely, after the nut is fastened, a continuous straight line is marked on the bolt, the nut and a connected piece, and if the nut rotates to cause the bolt to be loosened, the continuous straight line can be dislocated. However, the method belongs to passive monitoring, bolt maintenance can be carried out only after operation and maintenance personnel board the airplane and find that the nut rotates, and at the moment, the bolt runs for a period of time in a loose state, and whether damage is generated is unknown.
The bolt becomes flexible, the fracture has become the general problem of wind-power industry, how to promote bolted connection reliability, and guarantee unit operation safety becomes the problem that awaits a urgent need to solve at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an on-line monitoring system for the axial force of a high-strength bolt in a hub based on an ultrasonic measurement technology, which can measure and store information such as the axial force of the bolt, temperature, test time, bolt serial number, ultrasonic wavelength and the like in real time and provides a reliable solution for the real-time monitoring of the high-strength bolt in the hub and the research of the loading rule of the bolt.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses an on-line monitoring system for axial force of a bolt in a hub of a wind generating set, which comprises a deconcentrator, a bolt pretightening force measuring instrument, a sliding ring and an industrial personal computer, wherein the deconcentrator and the bolt pretightening force measuring instrument are fixed in the hub through a mounting bracket, the deconcentrator is connected with the bolt pretightening force measuring instrument, the bolt pretightening force measuring instrument is connected with the industrial personal computer in a cabin through the sliding ring on a fan, and the industrial personal computer is connected into a fan cabin control system to realize synchronous measurement of parameters of the axial force of the bolt, such as wind speed, wind direction.
As a further technical scheme, 11 deconcentrators are arranged, the bolt pretightening force measuring instrument is connected with the deconcentrator closest to the deconcentrator, and the deconcentrators are sequentially connected with the other deconcentrators in series.
As a further technical scheme, each deconcentrator can measure 12 high-strength bolts respectively.
As a further technical scheme, in order to reduce the influence of temperature on the measurement precision, the 3-bolt axial force measuring instrument is provided with an interface for connecting a temperature probe.
As a further technical scheme, the number of the mounting supports is 6, wherein one mounting support is provided with the bolt pretightening force measuring instrument and one deconcentrator, and the other mounting supports are respectively provided with two deconcentrators.
As a further technical scheme, the bolt pretightening force measuring instrument excites the deconcentrator through an acoustic signal.
In a second aspect, the invention also discloses a wind generating set, which comprises the on-line monitoring system for the axial force of the bolt in the hub of the wind generating set.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the system is based on the ultrasonic measurement principle and used for calibrating the high-strength bolt; the testing frequency can reach 100Hz, and the requirement of monitoring the axial force of the bolt in real time is met; the axial force measurement precision can reach +/-3%;
2. the system can simultaneously acquire parameters such as axial force of the bolt and wind speed, wind direction and running state of the fan, and meets the research requirements.
3. The axial force measurement of at most 132 bolts can be realized through the deconcentrator, and the axial force measurement requirements of connecting bolts of rotating parts in hubs such as hubs and variable pitch bearings, variable pitch bearings and blades, hubs and main shafts and the like can be met.
4. The system can effectively avoid common failure modes in industries such as loosening and breaking of bolts and the like, and has remarkable effects of ensuring stable operation of the unit and reducing the operation and maintenance cost of the high-strength bolts and bolts of the wind generating set.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a frame of a bolt axial force on-line monitoring system.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the bolt axial force on-line monitoring system.
In the figure: 1-a splitter; 2, mounting a bracket; 3-bolt gauge; 4-wheel hub.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the invention expressly state otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate correspondence with up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
The terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like in the present invention are to be understood in a broad sense, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms used in the present invention should be understood as having specific meanings to those skilled in the art.
As introduced by the background art, the high-strength bolt is mainly used for connecting key components of the wind generating set, and the loading condition of the bolt plays an important role in safe and reliable operation of the wind generating set. On the spot, due to the reasons of unskilled operation of process implementation personnel, inaccurate process parameters (such as tensile resilience value and torque coefficient), untimely operation and maintenance of a wind field and the like, the high-strength bolt cannot operate in a designed pre-tightening force value state, meanwhile, local bolt breakage events caused by alternating loads due to the changeful and uncertain wind, and accidents such as blade falling and unit collapse caused by bolt loosening and breakage sometimes occur, and the accidents all put forward higher requirements on the design, construction, operation and maintenance and the like of bolt connection. The bolt looseness monitoring method adopted in the industry at present is a laggard marking method, namely, after the nut is fastened, a continuous straight line is marked on the bolt, the nut and a connected piece, and if the nut rotates to cause the bolt to be loosened, the continuous straight line can be dislocated. However, the method belongs to passive monitoring, bolt maintenance can be carried out only after operation and maintenance personnel board the airplane and find that the nut rotates, and at the moment, the bolt runs for a period of time in a loose state, and whether damage is generated is unknown. In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides an on-line monitoring system for the axial force of a bolt in a hub and a wind generating set. The invention provides an on-line monitoring system for the axial force of a high-strength bolt in a hub based on an ultrasonic measurement technology, which can measure and store information such as the axial force of the bolt, temperature, test time, bolt number, ultrasonic wavelength and the like in real time and provides a reliable solution for the real-time monitoring of the axial force of the high-strength bolt in the hub and the research of the loading rule of the bolt. The system can effectively avoid common failure modes in industries such as loosening and breaking of bolts and the like, and has remarkable effects of ensuring stable operation of the unit and reducing the operation and maintenance cost of the high-strength bolts and bolts of the wind generating set.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a bolt monitoring system architecture, which mainly includes: the device comprises key parts such as 1 bolt axial force measuring instrument 1, a plurality of signal deconcentrators, 1 direct current power supply, 1 industrial personal computer, a software control system and the like.
As shown in fig. 2, the wire divider 1 and the bolt axial force measuring instrument 3 are fixed in the hub 4 by the mounting bracket 2, and the components are installed near the hub exit in order to reduce the cable length.
Because the hub 4 has three web surfaces, 1 bolt axial force measuring instrument 3, 11 deconcentrators 1 and 6 mounting brackets 2 can be mounted in the hub. The bolt axial force measuring instrument 3 is connected to the nearest splitter 1 by communication and power lines, and the splitter is connected to the other splitters 1 in series by communication and power lines. Since each deconcentrator 1 can measure 12 high-strength bolts, the system can monitor up to 132 bolts simultaneously.
Of the 11 deconcentrators, 1 deconcentrator and the bolt axial force measuring instrument 3 are installed on the same mounting bracket 2, the remaining 10 deconcentrators are divided into 5 groups and installed on the other 5 mounting brackets 2, as shown in fig. 1, a mounting bracket is installed above a hub, the deconcentrator 1 is arranged on the left side of the mounting bracket, and the bolt measuring instrument 3 is arranged on the right side of the mounting bracket;
the left side of the position close to the lower part of the hub is provided with a mounting bracket, the right side of the position close to the lower part of the hub is provided with a mounting bracket, and the two deconcentrators 1 of the mounting bracket are arranged on the right side of the position close to the lower part of the hub.
The 6 mounting brackets 2 are detachably mounted in the hub 4; detachable connections, for example in the form of bolts, screws or snaps.
Furthermore, in order to reduce the influence of temperature on the measurement precision, the 3-bolt axial force measuring instrument is provided with an interface for connecting a temperature probe.
The bolt axial force data measured by the bolt axial force measuring instrument 3 is accessed to an industrial personal computer in the engine room through a slip ring channel on the fan, and real-time monitoring is carried out through a visual software control system. The industrial personal computer is connected to a fan cabin control system through a network cable, and synchronous measurement of parameters such as bolt axial force and wind speed, wind direction and operation state of the fan is achieved.
The system can realize the axial force measurement of at most 132 bolts, and can meet the requirement of the axial force measurement of connecting bolts of rotating parts in the hub, such as the hub and a variable pitch bearing, the variable pitch bearing and blades, the hub and a main shaft and the like; the testing frequency can reach 100Hz, and the requirement of monitoring the axial force of the bolt in real time is met; by adopting a mature ultrasonic measurement technology, the axial force measurement precision can reach +/-3%; the axial force of the bolt and parameters such as the wind speed, the wind direction and the running state of the fan can be collected simultaneously, and the research requirements are met.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The on-line monitoring system for the axial force of the bolt in the hub of the wind generating set is characterized by comprising a deconcentrator, a bolt pretightening force measuring instrument, a sliding ring and an industrial personal computer, wherein the deconcentrator and the bolt pretightening force measuring instrument are fixed in the hub through a mounting bracket and connected with the bolt pretightening force measuring instrument, the bolt pretightening force measuring instrument is connected with the industrial personal computer in a cabin through the sliding ring on a fan, and the industrial personal computer is connected with a fan cabin control system.
2. The on-line monitoring system for the axial force of the bolt in the hub of the wind generating set according to claim 1, wherein 11 deconcentrators are arranged, the bolt pretension measuring instrument is connected with the deconcentrator closest to the deconcentrator, and the deconcentrator is sequentially connected with the rest of the deconcentrators in series.
3. The on-line monitoring system for the axial force of the bolt in the hub of the wind generating set according to claim 2, wherein each deconcentrator can measure 12 high-strength bolts respectively.
4. The on-line monitoring system for the axial force of the bolt in the hub of the wind generating set according to claim 1, wherein the bolt axial force measuring instrument is provided with an interface for connecting a temperature probe.
5. The on-line monitoring system for the axial force of the bolt in the hub of the wind generating set according to claim 1, wherein the number of the mounting brackets is 6, one of the mounting brackets is provided with the bolt pretightening force measuring instrument and one deconcentrator, and the other mounting brackets are respectively provided with two deconcentrators.
6. The on-line monitoring system for the axial force of the bolt in the hub of the wind generating set according to claim 1, wherein each component of the on-line monitoring system is installed at a position close to the outlet of the hub.
7. The on-line monitoring system for the axial force of the bolt in the hub of the wind generating set according to claim 1, wherein the bolt pre-tightening force measuring instrument excites the deconcentrator through a sound wave signal.
8. A wind generating set, characterized by comprising the on-line monitoring system for the axial force of the bolt in the hub of the wind generating set according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911339049.9A CN110987275A (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | On-line monitoring system for axial force of bolt in hub and wind generating set |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911339049.9A CN110987275A (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | On-line monitoring system for axial force of bolt in hub and wind generating set |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110987275A true CN110987275A (en) | 2020-04-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911339049.9A Pending CN110987275A (en) | 2019-12-23 | 2019-12-23 | On-line monitoring system for axial force of bolt in hub and wind generating set |
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| CN (1) | CN110987275A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112943560A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-11 | 华能新能源股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for monitoring tower bolt of wind generating set |
| CN114689215A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-07-01 | 国网甘肃省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for monitoring fracture of connecting bolt of blade of wind generating set |
| CN115950639A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-04-11 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Dynamic stress test line switching method for rotor blade of disk separation fan |
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| CN109883664A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-06-14 | 中国大唐集团新能源科学技术研究院有限公司 | Bolt for wind power generation real time monitoring and diagnostic system |
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| CN112943560A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-11 | 华能新能源股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for monitoring tower bolt of wind generating set |
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| CN115950639A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-04-11 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Dynamic stress test line switching method for rotor blade of disk separation fan |
| CN115950639B (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-06-30 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Dynamic stress test line switching method for disc separation fan rotor blade |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |