CN110987193A - Distributed temperature measurement system and method based on image analysis - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of temperature measurement, and particularly relates to a distributed temperature measurement system and a distributed temperature measurement method based on image analysis, wherein the system comprises the following components: the monitoring center and the distributed temperature measuring sub-terminals; the sub-terminal acquires ambient temperature and sends the acquired ambient temperature to a monitoring center; the monitoring center draws an ambient temperature map of the region according to the ambient temperature acquired by each temperature measuring sub-terminal, so as to realize temperature measurement and monitoring; the temperature measuring sub-terminal comprises: the system comprises an auxiliary parameter measuring unit for measuring other parameters of the environment, a sensor temperature measuring unit and an image temperature measuring unit for directly measuring the temperature of a target, and a microprocessor for calculating final temperature data according to the temperature data acquired by the sensor temperature measuring unit and the temperature data acquired by the image temperature measuring unit; has the advantages of high measurement accuracy and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of temperature measurement, and particularly relates to a distributed temperature measurement system and method based on image analysis.
Background
In industrial systems, temperature is an important parameter that characterizes the normal operation of equipment. With the continuous increase of industrial electrical loads, in order to avoid an emergency caused by equipment heating, automatic temperature monitoring has become an important link of industrial safety production.
Electrical equipment in operation typically operates at high voltages and currents, and certain defects present in the equipment can cause abnormal temperature increases in the equipment components. Resulting in vicious cycle of temperature and contact resistance, which may eventually lead to abnormal operation of the equipment, even burning out, and too high temperature may cause burning, explosion, even equipment damage or quality accident.
The high-voltage electrical equipment is particularly difficult to find temperature over-limit points in a switch box and a closed bus due to limited fault testing means. With the increase of the temperature rise time, the oxidation degree of the temperature overrun part is increased due to heating, and further serious accidents such as bus bar burning, contact terminal damage, contact disc damage, power failure and the like can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the main objective of the present invention is to provide a distributed temperature measurement system and method based on image analysis, which have the advantages of high measurement accuracy and wide application range.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a distributed thermometry system based on image analysis, the system comprising: the monitoring center and the distributed temperature measuring sub-terminals; the sub-terminal acquires ambient temperature and sends the acquired ambient temperature to a monitoring center; the monitoring center draws an ambient temperature map of the region according to the ambient temperature acquired by each temperature measuring sub-terminal, so as to realize temperature measurement and monitoring; the temperature measuring sub-terminal comprises: the system comprises an auxiliary parameter measuring unit for measuring other parameters of the environment, a sensor temperature measuring unit and an image temperature measuring unit for directly measuring the temperature of a target, and a microprocessor for calculating final temperature data according to the temperature data acquired by the sensor temperature measuring unit and the temperature data acquired by the image temperature measuring unit; the auxiliary parameter measuring unit obtains the ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) (ii) a Obtaining air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a Calculating the transmissivity tau according to the distance between the target and the temperature measuring unit of the sensora(ii) a The temperature measuring unit of the sensor measures the radiation temperature I (T) of the targetr) Emissivity of the target epsilonnThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a<I; the microprocessor calculates the target final temperature I (T) measured by the temperature measuring unit of the sensor according to the following formulac) Comprises the following steps:
the image temperature measuring unit acquires original image information of a target; preprocessing the original image information to obtain intermediate image information; calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image information according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the target and the temperature of the object, and acquiring a target temperature I (T) according to the temperature value of each pixelp) (ii) a The microprocessor calculates a target final temperature I (T) measured by the image temperature measuring unit according to the following formulas) Comprises the following steps:
the microprocessor further obtains I (T) according to the measurementc) And I (T)s) The final measured temperature I ═ I (T) was calculated using the following formulac)*C+I(Ts) S; wherein C is a temperature adjustment coefficient of the sensor, and the value range is 0-1; the value range of the S-bit image temperature adjustment coefficient is 0-1; the sub-terminals send the obtained final measured temperature to a monitoring center; and the monitoring center draws an environment temperature map of the area according to the received measured temperature acquired by all the sub-terminals.
Further, the method for calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image information by the image temperature measuring unit according to the nonlinear relationship between the radiation spectrum of the target and the temperature of the object executes the following steps: the temperature value of the pixel is calculated using the following formula:
wherein, C2Is a second radiation constant, R is a red component value of the pixel, G is a green component value of the pixel, λRIs the wavelength of the red component, λGA wavelength that is a green component; δ 1 is the monochromatic emissivity.
Further, the sensor temperature measuring unit measures the radiation temperature I (T) of the targetr) Emissivity of the target epsilonnThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd emissivity and inverseSum of refractive index a, a<The method of I performs the following steps: measuring the ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) And air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a At ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) Measuring the surface temperature of the target object to obtain the radiation temperature I (T) of the target objectr1) (ii) a Measuring the ambient reflection temperature I (T)2) And air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a At ambient reflection temperature I (T)2) Measuring the surface temperature of the target object to obtain the radiation temperature I (T) of the target objectr2) (ii) a Will measure data I (T)a)、I(T1)、I(Tr1)、I(T2) And I (T)r2) Calculating the emissivity epsilon of the target object by substituting the following formulanThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a<I：
Further, the image temperature measuring unit includes: the device comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a calculation module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring original image information; the acquisition module comprises a filter lens, a motorized zoom lens and a CCD camera; the filter lens is a neutral attenuator and is arranged on the electric zoom lens; the motorized zoom lens is a 3-6-time zoom lens and is installed on the CCD camera; the CCD camera is used for acquiring original image information; the processing module is used for preprocessing the original image information to obtain an intermediate image; the calculation module is used for calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the object and the temperature of the object, and acquiring the target temperature according to the temperature value of each pixel.
Further, the processing module comprises: the acquisition card is used for converting the original image information acquired in the acquisition module into image information of a red, green and blue RGB three-color matrix storage mode; the memory is used for receiving and storing the original image information of the RGB three-color matrix storage mode; the gray processing unit is used for carrying out gray processing on a color image corresponding to the original image information of the RGB three-color matrix storage mode stored in the storage unit; the noise filtering unit is used for filtering the noise of the image subjected to the gray processing; and the segmentation unit is used for carrying out image segmentation on the image subjected to the noise filtering to obtain an intermediate image.
A distributed thermometry method based on image analysis, the method performing the steps of: the distributed temperature measuring sub-terminals are in signal connection with the monitoring center and send the acquired environmental temperature to the monitoring center; and the monitoring center draws an ambient temperature map of the region according to the ambient temperature acquired by each temperature measuring sub-terminal, so that temperature measurement and monitoring are realized.
Further, the temperature measuring sub-terminal includes: the system comprises an auxiliary parameter measuring unit for measuring other parameters of the environment, a sensor temperature measuring unit and an image temperature measuring unit for directly measuring the temperature of a target, and a microprocessor for calculating final temperature data according to the temperature data acquired by the sensor temperature measuring unit and the temperature data acquired by the image temperature measuring unit; the auxiliary parameter measuring unit obtains the ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) (ii) a Obtaining air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a Calculating the transmissivity tau according to the distance between the target and the temperature measuring unit of the sensora(ii) a The temperature measuring unit of the sensor measures the radiation temperature I (T) of the targetr) Emissivity of the target epsilonnThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a<I; the microprocessor calculates the target final temperature I (T) measured by the temperature measuring unit of the sensor according to the following formulac) Comprises the following steps:
the image temperature measuring unit acquires original image information of a target; preprocessing the original image information to obtain intermediate image information; calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image information according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the target and the temperature of the object, and acquiring a target temperature I (T) according to the temperature value of each pixelp) (ii) a The microprocessor calculates a target final temperature I (T) measured by the image temperature measuring unit according to the following formulas) Comprises the following steps:
the microprocessor further obtains I (T) according to the measurementc) And I (T)s) The final measured temperature I ═ I (T) was calculated using the following formulac)*C+I(Ts) S; wherein C is a temperature adjustment coefficient of the sensor, and the value range is 0-1; the value range of the S-bit image temperature adjustment coefficient is 0-1; the sub-terminals send the obtained final measured temperature to a monitoring center; and the monitoring center draws an environment temperature map of the area according to the received measured temperature acquired by all the sub-terminals.
Further, the method for calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image information by the image temperature measuring unit according to the nonlinear relationship between the radiation spectrum of the target and the temperature of the object executes the following steps: the temperature value of the pixel is calculated using the following formula:
wherein, C2Is a second radiation constant, R is a red component value of the pixel, G is a green component value of the pixel, λRIs the wavelength of the red component, λGA wavelength that is a green component; δ 1 is the monochromatic emissivity.
Further, the sensor temperature measuring unit measures the radiation temperature I (T) of the targetr) Emissivity of the target epsilonnThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a<The method of I performs the following steps: measuring the ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) And air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a At ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) Measuring the surface temperature of the target object to obtain the radiation temperature I (T) of the target objectr1) (ii) a Measuring the ambient reflection temperature I (T)2) And air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a At ambient reflection temperature I (T)2) Measuring the surface temperature of the target object to obtain the radiation temperature I (T) of the target objectr2) (ii) a Will measure data I (T)a)、I(T1)、I(Tr1)、I(T2) And I (T)r2) Calculating the emissivity epsilon of the target object by substituting the following formulanThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a<I：
Further, the image temperature measuring unit includes: the device comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a calculation module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring original image information; the acquisition module comprises a filter lens, a motorized zoom lens and a CCD camera; the filter lens is a neutral attenuator and is arranged on the electric zoom lens; the motorized zoom lens is a 3-6-time zoom lens and is installed on the CCD camera; the CCD camera is used for acquiring original image information; the processing module is used for preprocessing the original image information to obtain an intermediate image; the calculation module is used for calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the object and the temperature of the object, and acquiring the target temperature according to the temperature value of each pixel.
The distributed temperature measurement system and method based on image analysis have the following beneficial effects: the invention can acquire all temperature information of the whole area or target site through the distributed temperature measuring sub-terminals, comprehensively analyzes and processes the temperature information to obtain the environment temperature graphs of the area and the target site, can realize wide-range temperature measurement, and simultaneously uses two modes of sensor measurement and image measurement to weight the measured temperature so as to ensure the accuracy of the measurement result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic system structure diagram of a distributed thermometry system based on image analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a distributed thermometry method based on image analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a comparison experiment between the temperature measurement accuracy of the distributed temperature measurement system and method based on image analysis according to the embodiment of the present invention and the temperature measurement accuracy of the prior art;
wherein, 1-experimental graph of the invention, 2-experimental graph of the prior art.
Detailed Description
The method of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the invention.
Example 1
A distributed thermometry system based on image analysis, the system comprising: the monitoring center and the distributed temperature measuring sub-terminals; the sub-terminal acquires ambient temperature and sends the acquired ambient temperature to a monitoring center; the monitoring center draws an ambient temperature map of the region according to the ambient temperature acquired by each temperature measuring sub-terminal, so as to realize temperature measurement and monitoring; the temperature measuring sub-terminal comprises: the system comprises an auxiliary parameter measuring unit for measuring other parameters of the environment, a sensor temperature measuring unit and an image temperature measuring unit for directly measuring the temperature of a target, and a microprocessor for calculating final temperature data according to the temperature data acquired by the sensor temperature measuring unit and the temperature data acquired by the image temperature measuring unit; the auxiliary parameter measuring unit obtains the ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) (ii) a Obtaining air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a Calculating the transmissivity tau according to the distance between the target and the temperature measuring unit of the sensora(ii) a The temperature measuring unit of the sensor measures the radiation temperature I (T) of the targetr) Emissivity of the target epsilonnThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a<I; the microprocessor calculates the target final temperature I (T) measured by the temperature measuring unit of the sensor according to the following formulac) Comprises the following steps:
the image temperature measuring unit acquires original image information of a target; preprocessing the original image information to obtain intermediate image information; calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image information according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the target and the temperature of the object, and acquiring a target temperature I (T) according to the temperature value of each pixelp) (ii) a The microprocessor calculates a target final temperature I (T) measured by the image temperature measuring unit according to the following formulas) Comprises the following steps:
the microprocessor further obtains I (T) according to the measurementc) And I (T)s) The final measured temperature I ═ I (T) was calculated using the following formulac)*C+I(Ts) S; wherein C is a temperature adjustment coefficient of the sensor, and the value range is 0-1; the value range of the S-bit image temperature adjustment coefficient is 0-1; the sub-terminals send the obtained final measured temperature to a monitoring center; and the monitoring center draws an environment temperature map of the area according to the received measured temperature acquired by all the sub-terminals.
Specifically, all temperature information of the whole area or the target site can be acquired, the temperature information is comprehensively analyzed and processed to obtain an environment temperature map of the area and the target site, wide-range temperature measurement can be realized, meanwhile, the sub-terminal provided by the invention uses two modes of sensor measurement and image measurement, the measured temperature is weighted, the accuracy of the measurement result is ensured, and in the measurement process, the adaptive adjustment of environment parameters is carried out, so that each result is closer to an accurate value, and the sub-terminal is particularly suitable for scenes with strict temperature requirements.
Example 2
On the basis of the previous embodiment, the method for calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image information by the image temperature measuring unit according to the nonlinear relationship between the radiation spectrum of the target and the temperature of the object performs the following steps: the temperature value of the pixel is calculated using the following formula:
wherein, C2Is a second radiation constant, R is a red component value of the pixel, G is a green component value of the pixel, λRIs the wavelength of the red component, λGA wavelength that is a green component; δ 1 is the monochromatic emissivity.
Specifically, through the calculation mode, the red and green component values can be calculated separately, and the obtained pixel temperature value is closer to the true value.
Example 3
On the basis of the previous embodiment, the sensor temperature measuring unit measures the radiation temperature I (T) of the targetr) Emissivity of the target epsilonnThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a<The method of I performs the following steps: measuring the ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) And air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a At ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) Measuring the surface temperature of the target object to obtain the radiation temperature I (T) of the target objectr1) (ii) a Measuring the ambient reflection temperature I (T)2) And air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a At ambient reflection temperature I (T)2) Measuring the surface temperature of the target object to obtain the radiation temperature I (T) of the target objectr2) (ii) a Will measure data I (T)a)、I(T1)、I(Tr1)、I(T2) And I (T)r2) Calculating the emissivity epsilon of the target object by substituting the following formulanThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a<I：
Specifically, the infrared temperature measurement technology plays an important role in the aspects of product quality control and monitoring, online fault diagnosis and safety protection of equipment, energy conservation and the like in the production process. In the last 20 years, the non-contact infrared human body thermometer has been developed rapidly, the performance is improved continuously, the function is enhanced continuously, the variety is increased continuously, and the application range is expanded continuously. Compared with a contact temperature measurement method, the infrared temperature measurement method has the advantages of fast response time, non-contact, safe use, long service life and the like. The non-contact infrared thermometer includes three series of portable, on-line and scanning ones, and has various kinds of optional parts and computer software. Among thermometers of various types with different specifications, it is very important for a user to correctly select the type of the infrared thermometer.
The infrared thermal imager uses an infrared detector, an optical imaging objective lens and an optical scanning system (the optical scanning system is omitted in the advanced focal plane technology) to receive the infrared radiation energy distribution pattern of a detected target and reflect the infrared radiation energy distribution pattern to a photosensitive element of the infrared detector, an optical scanning mechanism (the focal plane thermal imager does not have the optical scanning mechanism) is arranged between the optical system and the infrared detector to scan the infrared thermal image of the detected target and focus the infrared thermal image on a unit or a light splitting detector, the infrared radiation energy is converted into an electric signal by the detector, and the infrared thermal image is amplified, converted or displayed by a television screen or a monitor through standard video signals. This thermographic image corresponds to the thermal distribution field of the object surface; in fact, because the thermal image distribution map of infrared radiation of each part of the measured target object is very weak in signal and lacks gradation and stereoscopic impression compared with a visible light image, in order to more effectively judge the infrared thermal distribution field of the measured target in the actual action process, some auxiliary measures are often adopted to increase the practical functions of the instrument, such as the control of image brightness and contrast, real standard correction, pseudo color drawing and other technologies.
Example 4
On the basis of the above embodiment, the image temperature measuring unit includes: the device comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a calculation module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring original image information; the acquisition module comprises a filter lens, a motorized zoom lens and a CCD camera; the filter lens is a neutral attenuator and is arranged on the electric zoom lens; the motorized zoom lens is a 3-6-time zoom lens and is installed on the CCD camera; the CCD camera is used for acquiring original image information; the processing module is used for preprocessing the original image information to obtain an intermediate image; the calculation module is used for calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the object and the temperature of the object, and acquiring the target temperature according to the temperature value of each pixel.
In particular, the filter is an optical device used to select a desired wavelength band of radiation. One common property of filters is that no filter can make the imaging of celestial objects brighter, since all filters absorb certain wavelengths, thereby making the object darker. The acquired image information is prevented from being influenced by external optical fibers as much as possible.
Example 5
On the basis of the above embodiment, the processing module includes: the acquisition card is used for converting the original image information acquired in the acquisition module into image information of a red, green and blue RGB three-color matrix storage mode; the memory is used for receiving and storing the original image information of the RGB three-color matrix storage mode; the gray processing unit is used for carrying out gray processing on a color image corresponding to the original image information of the RGB three-color matrix storage mode stored in the storage unit; the noise filtering unit is used for filtering the noise of the image subjected to the gray processing; and the segmentation unit is used for carrying out image segmentation on the image subjected to the noise filtering to obtain an intermediate image.
Example 6
A distributed thermometry method based on image analysis, the method performing the steps of: the distributed temperature measuring sub-terminals are in signal connection with the monitoring center and send the acquired environmental temperature to the monitoring center; and the monitoring center draws an ambient temperature map of the region according to the ambient temperature acquired by each temperature measuring sub-terminal, so that temperature measurement and monitoring are realized.
Example 7
On the basis of the previous embodiment, the temperature measuring sub-terminal comprises: an auxiliary parameter measuring unit for measuring other parameters of the environment, a sensor temperature measuring unit and an image temperature measuring unit for directly measuring the temperature of the target, and the temperature data obtained by the sensor temperature measuring unit and the temperature obtained by the image temperature measuring unitA microprocessor for calculating final temperature data from the temperature data; the auxiliary parameter measuring unit obtains the ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) (ii) a Obtaining air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a Calculating the transmissivity tau according to the distance between the target and the temperature measuring unit of the sensora(ii) a The temperature measuring unit of the sensor measures the radiation temperature I (T) of the targetr) Emissivity of the target epsilonnThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a<I; the microprocessor calculates the target final temperature I (T) measured by the temperature measuring unit of the sensor according to the following formulac) Comprises the following steps:
the image temperature measuring unit acquires original image information of a target; preprocessing the original image information to obtain intermediate image information; calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image information according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the target and the temperature of the object, and acquiring a target temperature I (T) according to the temperature value of each pixelp) (ii) a The microprocessor calculates a target final temperature I (T) measured by the image temperature measuring unit according to the following formulas) Comprises the following steps:
the microprocessor further obtains I (T) according to the measurementc) And I (T)s) The final measured temperature I ═ I (T) was calculated using the following formulac)*C+I(Ts) S; wherein C is a temperature adjustment coefficient of the sensor, and the value range is 0-1; the value range of the S-bit image temperature adjustment coefficient is 0-1; the sub-terminals send the obtained final measured temperature to a monitoring center; and the monitoring center draws an environment temperature map of the area according to the received measured temperature acquired by all the sub-terminals.
Specifically, the invention adopts a non-contact temperature sensor to carry out a sensor temperature measuring unit, and a sensitive element of the sensor temperature measuring unit is not contacted with a measured object, which is also called a non-contact temperature measuring instrument. Such a meter can be used to measure the surface temperature of moving objects, small targets and objects with small heat capacities or fast temperature changes (transients), and also to measure the temperature distribution of the temperature field.
Radiation thermometry includes brightness (see optical pyrometer), radiation (see radiation pyrometer) and colorimetry (see colorimeter). The radiation temperature measurement methods can only measure the corresponding photometric temperature, radiation temperature or colorimetric temperature. The temperature measured is only true for a black body (an object that absorbs all radiation and does not reflect light). If the true temperature of the object is to be measured, a correction of the surface emissivity of the material must be made. And the surface emissivity of the material is not only dependent on temperature and wavelength, but also related to surface state, coating film, microstructure, etc., and thus it is difficult to accurately measure. In automated production it is often necessary to measure or control the surface temperature of some objects, such as the strip rolling temperature in metallurgy, the roll temperature, the forging temperature and the temperature of various molten metals in a smelting furnace or crucible, using radiation thermometry. In these particular cases, the measurement of the emissivity of the surface of the object is rather difficult. For automatic measurement and control of the solid surface temperature, additional mirrors may be used to form the hohlraum with the measured surface. The effect of the additional radiation can increase the effective radiation and the effective emissivity of the surface to be measured. And correspondingly correcting the measured temperature by using the effective emission coefficient through an instrument to finally obtain the real temperature of the measured surface. The most typical additional mirror is a hemispherical mirror. The diffused radiation energy of the measured surface near the center of the sphere is reflected by the hemispherical mirror back to the surface to form additional radiation, so that the effective emission coefficient formula is improved, wherein epsilon is the surface emissivity of the material, and rho is the reflectivity of the reflecting mirror.
For radiometric measurement of the true temperature of the gaseous and liquid media, a method of inserting a tube of heat resistant material to a depth to form the blackbody cavity may be used. And calculating the effective emission coefficient of the cylinder cavity after the effective emission coefficient is in thermal equilibrium with the medium. The measured cavity bottom temperature (namely the medium temperature) can be corrected by the value in automatic measurement and control to obtain the real temperature of the medium.
Example 8
On the basis of the previous embodiment, the method for calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image information by the image temperature measuring unit according to the nonlinear relationship between the radiation spectrum of the target and the temperature of the object performs the following steps: the temperature value of the pixel is calculated using the following formula:
wherein, C2Is a second radiation constant, R is a red component value of the pixel, G is a green component value of the pixel, λRIs the wavelength of the red component, λGA wavelength that is a green component; δ 1 is the monochromatic emissivity.
Example 9
On the basis of the previous embodiment, the sensor temperature measuring unit measures the radiation temperature I (T) of the targetr) Emissivity of the target epsilonnThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a<The method of I performs the following steps: measuring the ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) And air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a At ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) Measuring the surface temperature of the target object to obtain the radiation temperature I (T) of the target objectr1) (ii) a Measuring the ambient reflection temperature I (T)2) And air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a At ambient reflection temperature I (T)2) Measuring the surface temperature of the target object to obtain the radiation temperature I (T) of the target objectr2) (ii) a Will measure data I (T)a)、I(T1)、I(Tr1)、I(T2) And I (T)r2) Calculating the emissivity epsilon of the target object by substituting the following formulanThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a<I：
Example 10
On the basis of the above embodiment, the image temperature measuring unit includes: the device comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a calculation module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring original image information; the acquisition module comprises a filter lens, a motorized zoom lens and a CCD camera; the filter lens is a neutral attenuator and is arranged on the electric zoom lens; the motorized zoom lens is a 3-6-time zoom lens and is installed on the CCD camera; the CCD camera is used for acquiring original image information; the processing module is used for preprocessing the original image information to obtain an intermediate image; the calculation module is used for calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the object and the temperature of the object, and acquiring the target temperature according to the temperature value of each pixel.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any structural changes made according to the present invention should be considered as being limited within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process and related description of the system described above may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described herein again.
It should be noted that, the system provided in the foregoing embodiment is only illustrated by dividing the functional modules, and in practical applications, the functions may be distributed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the modules or steps in the embodiment of the present invention are further decomposed or combined, for example, the modules in the foregoing embodiment may be combined into one module, or may be further split into multiple sub-modules, so as to complete all or part of the functions described above. The names of the modules and steps involved in the embodiments of the present invention are only for distinguishing the modules or steps, and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the present invention.
It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes and related descriptions of the storage device and the processing device described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Those of skill in the art would appreciate that the various illustrative modules, method steps, and modules described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both, and that programs corresponding to the software modules, method steps may be located in Random Access Memory (RAM), memory, Read Only Memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of electronic hardware and software, various illustrative components and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as electronic hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," and the like are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing or implying a particular order or sequence.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other similar term are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A distributed thermometry system based on image analysis, the system comprising: the monitoring center and the distributed temperature measuring sub-terminals; the sub-terminal acquires ambient temperature and sends the acquired ambient temperature to a monitoring center; the monitoring center draws an ambient temperature map of the region according to the ambient temperature acquired by each temperature measuring sub-terminal, so as to realize temperature measurement and monitoring; the temperature measuring sub-terminal comprises: the system comprises an auxiliary parameter measuring unit for measuring other parameters of the environment, a sensor temperature measuring unit and an image temperature measuring unit for directly measuring the temperature of a target, and a microprocessor for calculating final temperature data according to the temperature data acquired by the sensor temperature measuring unit and the temperature data acquired by the image temperature measuring unit; characterized in that the auxiliary parameter measuring unit acquires the ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) (ii) a Obtaining air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a Calculating the transmissivity tau according to the distance between the target and the temperature measuring unit of the sensora(ii) a The temperature measuring unit of the sensor measures the radiation temperature I (T) of the targetr) Emissivity of the target epsilonnThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd the sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a < I; the microprocessor calculates the target final temperature I (T) measured by the temperature measuring unit of the sensor according to the following formulac) Comprises the following steps:
the image temperature measuring unit acquires original image information of a target; preprocessing the original image information to obtain intermediate image information; calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image information according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the target and the temperature of the object, and acquiring a target temperature I (T) according to the temperature value of each pixelp) (ii) a The microprocessor calculates a target final temperature I (T) measured by the image temperature measuring unit according to the following formulas) Comprises the following steps:
the microprocessor further obtains I (T) according to the measurementc) And I (T)s) The final measured temperature I ═ I (T) was calculated using the following formulac)*C+I(Ts) S; wherein C is a temperature adjustment coefficient of the sensor, and the value range is 0-1; the value range of the S-bit image temperature adjustment coefficient is 0-1; the sub-terminals send the obtained final measured temperature to a monitoring center; and the monitoring center draws an environment temperature map of the area according to the received measured temperature acquired by all the sub-terminals.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image information by the image temperature measuring unit according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the target and the temperature of the object comprises the following steps: the temperature value of the pixel is calculated using the following formula:
wherein, C2Is a second radiation constant, R is a red component value of the pixel, G is a green component value of the pixel, λRIs the wavelength of the red component, λGA wavelength that is a green component; δ 1 is the monochromatic emissivity.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor thermometry unit measures a target radiation temperature I (T)r) Emissivity of the target epsilonnThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd the sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a < I, the method performing the steps of: measuring the ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) And air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a At ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) Measuring the surface temperature of the target object to obtain the radiation temperature I (T) of the target objectr1) (ii) a Measuring the ambient reflection temperature I (T)2) And air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a At ambient reflection temperature I (T)2) Measuring the surface temperature of the target object to obtain the radiation temperature I (T) of the target objectr2) (ii) a Will measure data I (T)a)、I(T1)、I(Tr1)、I(T2) And I (T)r2) Calculating the emissivity epsilon of the target object by substituting the following formulanThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd the sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a < I:
4. the system of claim 1, wherein the image thermometry unit comprises: the device comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a calculation module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring original image information; the acquisition module comprises a filter lens, a motorized zoom lens and a CCD camera; the filter lens is a neutral attenuator and is arranged on the electric zoom lens; the motorized zoom lens is a 3-6-time zoom lens and is installed on the CCD camera; the CCD camera is used for acquiring original image information; the processing module is used for preprocessing the original image information to obtain an intermediate image; the calculation module is used for calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the object and the temperature of the object, and acquiring the target temperature according to the temperature value of each pixel.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the processing module comprises: the acquisition card is used for converting the original image information acquired in the acquisition module into image information of a red, green and blue RGB three-color matrix storage mode; the memory is used for receiving and storing the original image information of the RGB three-color matrix storage mode; the gray processing unit is used for carrying out gray processing on a color image corresponding to the original image information of the RGB three-color matrix storage mode stored in the storage unit; the noise filtering unit is used for filtering the noise of the image subjected to the gray processing; and the segmentation unit is used for carrying out image segmentation on the image subjected to the noise filtering to obtain an intermediate image.
6. A method for distributed thermometry based on image analysis, based on the system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it carries out the following steps: the distributed temperature measuring sub-terminals are in signal connection with the monitoring center and send the acquired environmental temperature to the monitoring center; and the monitoring center draws an ambient temperature map of the region according to the ambient temperature acquired by each temperature measuring sub-terminal, so that temperature measurement and monitoring are realized.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the temperature sub-terminal comprises: the system comprises an auxiliary parameter measuring unit for measuring other parameters of the environment, a sensor temperature measuring unit and an image temperature measuring unit for directly measuring the temperature of a target, and a microprocessor for calculating final temperature data according to the temperature data acquired by the sensor temperature measuring unit and the temperature data acquired by the image temperature measuring unit; the auxiliary parameter measuring unit obtains the ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) (ii) a Obtaining air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a Calculating the transmissivity tau according to the distance between the target and the temperature measuring unit of the sensora(ii) a The temperature measuring unit of the sensor measures the radiation temperature I (T) of the targetr) Emissivity of the target epsilonnThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd the sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a < I; the microprocessor calculates the target final temperature I (T) measured by the temperature measuring unit of the sensor according to the following formulac) Comprises the following steps:
the image temperature measuring unit acquires original image information of a target; preprocessing the original image information to obtain intermediate image information; calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image information according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the target and the temperature of the object, and acquiring a target temperature I (T) according to the temperature value of each pixelp) (ii) a The microprocessor calculates a target final temperature I (T) measured by the image temperature measuring unit according to the following formulas) Comprises the following steps:
the microprocessor further obtains I (T) according to the measurementc) And I (T)s) The final measured temperature I ═ I (T) was calculated using the following formulac)*C+I(Ts) S; wherein C is a temperature adjustment coefficient of the sensor, and the value range is 0-1; the value range of the S-bit image temperature adjustment coefficient is 0-1; the sub-terminals send the obtained final measured temperature to a monitoring center; and the monitoring center draws an environment temperature map of the area according to the received measured temperature acquired by all the sub-terminals.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method for calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image information according to the nonlinear relationship between the radiation spectrum of the target and the temperature of the object by the image temperature measuring unit comprises the following steps: the temperature value of the pixel is calculated using the following formula:
wherein, C2Is a secondA radiation constant, R being a red component value of the pixel, G being a green component value of the pixel, λRIs the wavelength of the red component, λGA wavelength that is a green component; δ 1 is the monochromatic emissivity.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the sensor thermometry unit measures a target radiation temperature I (T)r) Emissivity of the target epsilonnThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd the sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a < I, the method performing the steps of: measuring the ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) And air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a At ambient reflection temperature I (T)1) Measuring the surface temperature of the target object to obtain the radiation temperature I (T) of the target objectr1) (ii) a Measuring the ambient reflection temperature I (T)2) And air temperature I (T)a) (ii) a At ambient reflection temperature I (T)2) Measuring the surface temperature of the target object to obtain the radiation temperature I (T) of the target objectr2) (ii) a Will measure data I (T)a)、I(T1)、I(Tr1)、I(T2) And I (T)r2) Calculating the emissivity epsilon of the target object by substituting the following formulanThe reflectivity p of the targetnAnd the sum of emissivity and reflectivity a, a < I:
10. the method of claim 9, wherein the image thermometry unit comprises: the device comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a calculation module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring original image information; the acquisition module comprises a filter lens, a motorized zoom lens and a CCD camera; the filter lens is a neutral attenuator and is arranged on the electric zoom lens; the motorized zoom lens is a 3-6-time zoom lens and is installed on the CCD camera; the CCD camera is used for acquiring original image information; the processing module is used for preprocessing the original image information to obtain an intermediate image; the calculation module is used for calculating the temperature value of each pixel in the intermediate image according to the nonlinear relation between the radiation spectrum of the object and the temperature of the object, and acquiring the target temperature according to the temperature value of each pixel.
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