CN110986889A - High-voltage substation panoramic monitoring method based on remote sensing image technology - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-voltage substation panoramic monitoring method based on a remote sensing image technology, which comprises the steps of image acquisition, wherein satellite images are used for extracting substation appearance images and peripheral illegal building images of a substation in different periods; image preprocessing, namely performing orthorectification on the acquired image through digital simulation of the ground terrain by limited terrain elevation data to obtain a remote sensing image meeting the warehousing condition; step three, recognizing and extracting the ground features, and judging whether the ground features change or not by comparing the images acquired at two adjacent acquisition times; and step four, checking and verifying, wherein a typical sampling method is adopted for checking. The change detection technology based on the remote sensing image is introduced into the substation appearance and the surrounding illegal construction monitoring, the workload of the patrol personnel can be greatly reduced, the traditional monthly dispatcher patrol is changed into the checking patrol after the illegal construction is found through images, the daily patrol is not needed, and the economic and social benefits are remarkable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of remote sensing monitoring, in particular to a high-voltage substation panoramic monitoring method based on a remote sensing image technology.
Background
In recent years, along with economic development, buildings violating regulations at the bottom of a high-voltage line are on the trend of rising year by year, become the biggest hidden danger of safe operation of the line, and seriously affect the stable and healthy operation of a power grid. Due to the influence of various factors, the treatment is difficult.
The work of checking illegal construction by adopting a remote sensing technology is successively developed in a plurality of cities such as Shenzhen and the like in China, so that the phenomenon of local illegal construction can be quickly, efficiently and accurately checked, and a better effect is achieved. However, the remote sensing image has higher specialty than a general image, and the illegal construction information extracted from the remote sensing image is often analyzed by a professional, so that the speed of illegal construction is checked and treated.
Therefore, for power enterprises, how to implement an effective detection technology for the appearance and the surrounding illegal buildings of the substation, and discover, process and clear the illegal buildings at the bottom of the line as soon as possible is a problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects in the prior art mentioned in the background art, the invention provides a high-voltage substation panoramic monitoring method based on a remote sensing image technology.
The invention overcomes the technical problems by adopting the following technical scheme, and specifically comprises the following steps:
a high-voltage transformer substation panoramic monitoring method based on a remote sensing image technology comprises the following steps:
firstly, acquiring images, namely extracting appearance images and surrounding illegal building images of a transformer substation in different periods by using satellite images; the transformer substation appearance image and the peripheral illegal building image comprise images of natural ground objects and artificial ground objects;
step two, image preprocessing, namely realizing the orthorectification of the digital simulation of the ground terrain for the acquired image through limited terrain elevation data, carrying out data fusion and unified color matching on the image by adopting an image processing tool, correcting the radiation distortion and geometric distortion generated by the original image, splicing and embedding, and carrying out framing and cutting on the spliced result according to the requirement to obtain a remote sensing image which meets the warehousing condition;
step three, recognizing and extracting the ground features, namely judging whether the ground features change or not by comparing the images acquired at two adjacent acquisition times, comparing image data acquired at different times, and analyzing and processing the ground feature data; the feature change comprises region change, type change, distribution state change and variation of the feature;
and step four, checking and verifying, namely performing on-site checking on the area with the determined ground feature changed in the step three, checking by adopting a typical sampling method, and checking and correcting the interpretation result of the remote sensing data.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the third step, the feature characteristics include spatial distribution characteristics, spectral reflection and radiation characteristics, and time-phase change characteristics.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the third step, the comparison of the feature of the ground object comprises the following parts:
judging whether the feature of the ground feature changes or not;
secondly, calibrating the area where the change occurs, and distinguishing the changed pixels from the unchanged pixels;
identifying the nature of the change and giving the type of the change on each change pixel;
and fourthly, evaluating the time and space distribution mode of the change.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the third step, the analysis and processing of the surface feature data comprises the following three layers:
pixel level change detection, which is to directly detect changes on the acquired original image;
feature level change detection, which is to extract feature information including edges, shapes, contours, textures and the like from an original image by adopting an algorithm and then carry out comprehensive analysis and change detection on the feature information;
target level change detection, detecting specific objects, change detection based on image understanding and image recognition, and high level analysis based on a target model.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and in the third step, the land feature data analysis and processing supervises the appearance image and the peripheral illegal building image of the transformer substation through detection change, manual comparison and space analysis.
As a still further scheme of the invention: in the third step, the image comparison acquired in two adjacent acquisition times comprises the extraction of adjacent image change patches in different time phases, and particularly, the image change patches are automatically extracted by using a computer, and the extraction method comprises a visual interpretation method, an image difference method, a wave band replacement method, a false color synthesis method, a spectral feature variation method and a multi-method extraction method.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the adjacent different time phase image change pattern spot extraction comprises the following steps:
selecting a proper change detection method to extract surface features with inconsistent image features according to the types of the remote sensing data source and the target to be detected in each period so as to obtain the information of the new-period remote sensing monitoring change pattern spots;
and converting the detection result into an SHP format by using a raster to vector conversion function, registering the image frame joint table and the image frame chart to perform subsequent manual visual interpretation and submission to a village-level remote sensing monitoring change image spot result.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages that: the change detection technology based on remote sensing images is introduced into substation appearance and periphery illegal building monitoring, illegal building monitoring is carried out through satellite or unmanned aerial vehicle images, the workload of patrol personnel can be greatly reduced, past monthly patrol personnel is changed into checking type patrol after illegal building is found through images, daily patrol is not needed, economic and social benefits are remarkable, the remote sensing image change detection method based on deep learning improves the effect of the detection technology.
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Fig. 1 is a work flow chart of a high-voltage substation panoramic monitoring method based on a remote sensing image technology.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
In addition, an element of the present invention may be said to be "fixed" or "disposed" to another element, either directly on the other element or with intervening elements present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for monitoring a panoramic state of a high-voltage substation based on a remote sensing image technology includes the following steps:
firstly, acquiring images, namely extracting appearance images and surrounding illegal building images of a transformer substation in different periods by using satellite images; the transformer substation appearance image and the peripheral illegal building image comprise images of natural ground objects and artificial ground objects; the image comprises a static picture image and a dynamic video image;
step two, image preprocessing, namely realizing the orthorectification of the digital simulation of the ground terrain for the acquired image through limited terrain elevation data, carrying out data fusion and unified color matching on the image by adopting an image processing tool, correcting the radiation distortion and geometric distortion generated by the original image, splicing and embedding, and carrying out framing and cutting on the spliced result according to the requirement to obtain a remote sensing image which meets the warehousing condition;
step three, recognizing and extracting the ground features, namely judging whether the ground features change or not by comparing the images acquired at two adjacent acquisition times, specifically, comparing the image data acquired at different times to carry out ground feature characteristic comparison and analyzing and processing the ground feature data;
the feature change comprises regional change, type change and distribution state change and variation of the feature, namely the ground type, boundary and variation trend before and after the change need to be determined, and the space distribution of the feature and qualitative and quantitative information of the change can be provided;
and step four, checking and verifying, namely performing on-site checking on the area with the determined feature change of the ground feature in the step three, checking by adopting a typical sampling method, checking and correcting the interpretation result of the remote sensing data, helping the remote sensing information processing and improving the precision of the remote sensing result.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the third step, the feature characteristics include spatial distribution characteristics, spectral reflection and radiation characteristics, and time-phase change characteristics. The change detection of the remote sensing image has wide application value and commercial value in the aspects of land cover change monitoring, environment change dynamic monitoring, natural disaster monitoring, illegal building investigation, military target attack effect analysis, homeland resource investigation and the like.
In another embodiment of the present invention, in step three, the alignment of the feature characteristics of the ground objects comprises the following parts:
judging whether the feature of the ground feature changes or not, namely determining whether the ground feature in the research area changes or not;
secondly, calibrating the area where the change occurs, namely determining where the change occurs, and distinguishing the changed pixels from the unchanged pixels;
identifying the nature of the change, and giving the type of the change on each changed pixel, namely determining the type of the ground object at the pixel before and after the change;
and fourthly, evaluating the time and space distribution mode of the change.
In another embodiment of the present invention, in step three, the feature data analysis process includes the following three layers:
and (3) pixel level change detection, which is to directly detect changes on the acquired original image. Although the change detection based on the pixel has certain limitation, the change detection based on the pixel is based on the most original image data, can more retain the original reality of the image and provide fine information which cannot be provided by other change detection layers, so that the vast majority of change detection methods are pixel-level change detection at present;
and (3) feature level change detection, which is to extract feature information including edges, shapes, outlines, textures and the like from an original image by adopting an algorithm and then carry out comprehensive analysis and change detection on the feature information. Because the feature level change detection performs correlation processing on the features and classifies the features into meaningful combinations, the method has higher reliability and accuracy on the judgment of the feature attributes. However, it is not based on the original data but on the features, so that a partial loss of information inevitably occurs in the feature extraction process, and it is difficult to provide fine information;
object-level change detection, detection of specific objects (e.g., objects with a clear meaning such as roads, houses, etc.), change detection based on image understanding and image recognition, and high-level analysis based on an object model.
The change detection of the pixel level keeps as much original information as possible, and has detail information which is not available on a characteristic level and a target level; feature level change detection takes into account not only changes in spatial shape, but also changes in feature attributes; the greatest advantage of target level change detection is that it is close to the user's needs, and the results of the detection can be directly applied.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the surface feature data analysis process supervises the substation appearance image and the surrounding illegal building image through detection change, manual comparison and spatial analysis.
In another embodiment of the present invention, in the third step, the comparison between the images acquired at two adjacent acquisition times includes extracting the image variation pattern spots of the adjacent different time phases, specifically, using a computer to automatically extract, and the extracting method includes a visual interpretation method, an image difference method, a band replacement method, a pseudo-color synthesis method, a spectral feature variation method, and a multi-method extraction method.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the extracting of the adjacent different phase image variation patches includes:
selecting a proper change detection method to extract surface features with inconsistent image features according to the types of the remote sensing data source and the target to be detected in each period so as to obtain the information of the new-period remote sensing monitoring change pattern spots;
and converting the detection result into an SHP format by using a raster to vector conversion function, registering the image frame joint table and the image frame chart to perform subsequent manual visual interpretation and submission to a village-level remote sensing monitoring change image spot result.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to vary. But all changes which come within the scope of the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Claims (7)
1. A high-voltage transformer substation panoramic monitoring method based on a remote sensing image technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, acquiring images, namely extracting appearance images and surrounding illegal building images of a transformer substation in different periods by using satellite images; the transformer substation appearance image and the peripheral illegal building image comprise images of natural ground objects and artificial ground objects;
step two, image preprocessing, namely realizing the orthorectification of the digital simulation of the ground terrain for the acquired image through limited terrain elevation data, carrying out data fusion and unified color matching on the image by adopting an image processing tool, correcting the radiation distortion and geometric distortion generated by the original image, splicing and embedding, and carrying out framing and cutting on the spliced result according to the requirement to obtain a remote sensing image which meets the warehousing condition;
step three, recognizing and extracting the ground features, namely judging whether the ground features change or not by comparing the images acquired at two adjacent acquisition times, comparing image data acquired at different times, and analyzing and processing the ground feature data; the feature change comprises region change, type change, distribution state change and variation of the feature;
and step four, checking and verifying, namely performing on-site checking on the area with the determined ground feature changed in the step three, checking by adopting a typical sampling method, and checking and correcting the interpretation result of the remote sensing data.
2. The high-voltage substation panoramic monitoring method based on the remote sensing image technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the surface feature characteristics include a spatial distribution characteristic, a spectral reflection and radiation characteristic, and a time-phase change characteristic.
3. The high-voltage substation panoramic monitoring method based on the remote sensing image technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the comparison of the ground feature characteristics comprises the following parts:
judging whether the feature of the ground feature changes or not;
secondly, calibrating the area where the change occurs, and distinguishing the changed pixels from the unchanged pixels;
identifying the nature of the change and giving the type of the change on each change pixel;
and fourthly, evaluating the time and space distribution mode of the change.
4. The high-voltage substation panoramic monitoring method based on the remote sensing image technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the ground feature data analysis processing comprises the following three levels:
pixel level change detection, which is to directly detect changes on the acquired original image;
feature level change detection, which is to extract feature information including edges, shapes, contours, textures and the like from an original image by adopting an algorithm and then carry out comprehensive analysis and change detection on the feature information;
target level change detection, detecting specific objects, change detection based on image understanding and image recognition, and high level analysis based on a target model.
5. The high-voltage substation panoramic monitoring method based on the remote sensing image technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in the third step, the ground feature data analysis and processing supervises the substation appearance image and the surrounding illegal building image through detection change, manual comparison and spatial analysis.
6. The high-voltage substation panoramic monitoring method based on the remote sensing image technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in the third step, the comparison of the images acquired at two adjacent acquisition times includes extracting image change patches at different adjacent time phases, specifically, the image change patches are automatically extracted by using a computer, and the extraction method includes a visual interpretation method, an image difference method, a waveband replacement method, a pseudo-color synthesis method, a spectral feature variation method and a multi-method extraction method.
7. The high-voltage substation panoramic monitoring method based on the remote sensing image technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extracting of the adjacent different time phase image change patches comprises:
selecting a proper change detection method to extract surface features with inconsistent image features according to the types of the remote sensing data source and the target to be detected in each period so as to obtain the information of the new-period remote sensing monitoring change pattern spots;
and converting the detection result into an SHP format by using a raster to vector conversion function, registering the image frame joint table and the image frame chart to perform subsequent manual visual interpretation and submission to a village-level remote sensing monitoring change image spot result.
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