CN110983057A - Soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition - Google Patents
Soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition Download PDFInfo
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- CN110983057A CN110983057A CN201911227657.0A CN201911227657A CN110983057A CN 110983057 A CN110983057 A CN 110983057A CN 201911227657 A CN201911227657 A CN 201911227657A CN 110983057 A CN110983057 A CN 110983057A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
A soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition belongs to the technical field of comprehensive treatment of soot in a metal pyrometallurgical process. Most of the soot generated by metal smelting is classified as hazardous waste because of the UPOPs such as dioxin and the like. Adding concentrated sulfuric acid and carbonaceous reducing agent into the soot, fully mixing, and carrying out heat treatment on the mixed material, so that the synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition of UPOPs such as dioxin and the like in the soot are realized on one hand, and the phase transformation of valuable metals in the soot is realized on the other hand; and then the heat treatment slag is subjected to water leaching to selectively leach and separate the valuable metals. The invention develops synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition technology of UPOPs such as dioxin and the like based on the synergistic action of thermal decomposition of sulfuric acid and reduction of carbon, effectively reduces the emission of UPOPs such as dioxin and the like in the soot treatment process, and meets the environmental protection requirement of clean production; and meanwhile, valuable metals in the soot are converted into corresponding soluble or insoluble sulfate, so that the selective leaching and separation of the subsequent valuable metals are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive treatment of soot in a metal pyrometallurgical process, in particular to a soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition.
Background
The soot generated in the metal pyrometallurgical process contains various valuable metals, the grade of the soot is higher than that of common ores, and the soot has high comprehensive utilization value; the comprehensive, clean recycling of valuable metals in soot is of great concern. The common treatment processes mainly comprise a pyrogenic process, a wet process and a combined process of the pyrogenic process and the wet process.
Chinese patent CN110042255A discloses a method for recovering valuable metals in copper smelting soot by multistage controlled atmosphere roasting separation. The method adopts a full-fire process, and realizes the step-by-step extraction and high-efficiency recovery of main valuable elements including arsenic, cadmium, lead, tin, zinc and copper in the copper smelting soot by 5-stage controlled atmosphere roasting under the condition of not using acid, alkali solution, additives and the like.
Chinese patent CN108034830A discloses a method for comprehensively recovering valuable metals in copper smelting soot. The method adopts a magnetic separation pretreatment method to separate black substances containing a large amount of iron and a small amount of copper, wherein the black substances account for about 20 percent of the total amount of the soot; and then obtaining iron-rich slag, high-lead bismuth slag and high-purity copper by a full wet process, thereby realizing comprehensive recovery of valuable metals.
Chinese patent CN107523694A discloses a method for roasting and strengthening leaching of copper soot. The method effectively leaches copper and zinc in the copper smelting soot containing more metal sulfides through the technological processes of primary sulfuric acid leaching, oxidizing roasting and secondary sulfuric acid leaching, and the comprehensive leaching rate of the metal copper and the zinc is over 90 percent.
It is to be noted that the soot contains UPOPs such as dioxin and precursors (organic carbon source, chlorine source, metal catalyst, etc.) for de novo synthesis of UPOPs such as dioxin, in addition to various valuable metals; when these precursors are heated to 250-450 ℃ under the action of self-metal and compound, UPOPs such as dioxin can be synthesized de novo. When the soot is treated by adopting the pyrogenic process, UPOPs such as dioxin and the like are synthesized and released from the beginning, and the complete decomposition of the UPOPs such as the dioxin and the like can be ensured only when the roasting temperature is at least higher than 800 ℃, so that the pyrogenic process has high energy consumption and low metal recovery rate; when the wet process is adopted to treat the soot, UPOPs such as dioxin and the like still remain in the leaching residue and cannot be effectively treated.
As can be seen, most of the prior art only focuses on the comprehensive recovery of valuable metals, and does not deal with the problem of de novo synthesis and decomposition of UPOPs such as dioxins during soot treatment. The development of a fire-wet combined treatment process which can realize synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition of UPOPs such as dioxin and the like and can realize comprehensive recovery of valuable metals in the soot is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that only comprehensive recovery of valuable metals is focused in the existing soot treatment technology, and the de-novo synthesis and decomposition of UPOPs such as dioxin and the like in soot are not considered at the same time.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition, which is characterized in that concentrated sulfuric acid and a carbonaceous reducing agent are added into soot generated in the metal pyrometallurgical process and fully mixed, and the mixed material is subjected to heat treatment, so that the synthesis retardation and the low-temperature decomposition of UPOPs in the soot are realized on one hand, and controllable phase transformation of valuable metals in the soot is realized on the other hand; and then the heat treatment slag is subjected to water leaching to selectively leach and separate the valuable metals.
Preferably, the soot is waste slag and smoke dust generated in the pyrometallurgical process of copper, lead, zinc, aluminum, nickel, tin, antimony and bismuth metals, and can be further expanded and applied to the treatment of dust generated in the steel industry.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 65-98%, and the using amount of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 10-30% of the mass of the soot; the carbonaceous reducing agent is coal or coke, and the using amount of the carbonaceous reducing agent is 10-20% of the mass of the soot.
Preferably, the heat treatment adopts conventional heating, microwave heating or infrared heating; the heat treatment temperature is 300-600 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 1-5 h.
Preferably, the decomposition rate of the UPOPs reaches more than 95%.
Preferably, the water immersion is carried out at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ for 1-3 h, and the liquid-solid ratio is 2: 1-10: 1 mL/g.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the process is simple, the operation is simple and convenient, and the industrial production is facilitated;
(2) the synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition of UPOPs such as dioxin and the like are effectively realized;
(3) realizing the selective leaching and separation of valuable metals in the soot;
(4) no secondary pollution is generated, and the environmental protection requirement of clean production is met.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description is given with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that only comprehensive recovery of valuable metals is focused in the existing soot treatment technology, and the de-novo synthesis and decomposition of UPOPs such as dioxin and the like in soot are not considered at the same time.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition, which is characterized in that concentrated sulfuric acid and a carbonaceous reducing agent are added into soot generated in the metal pyrometallurgical process and fully mixed, and the mixed material is subjected to heat treatment, so that the synthesis retardation and the low-temperature decomposition of UPOPs in the soot are realized on one hand, and controllable phase transformation of valuable metals in the soot is realized on the other hand; and then the heat treatment slag is subjected to water leaching to selectively leach and separate the valuable metals.
In order to more clearly show the technical solutions and effects provided by the present invention, a detailed description is given below of a soot treatment method capable of achieving UPOPs synthesis retardation and low temperature decomposition provided by the present invention with specific examples.
Example 1
Soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition
The method comprises the following steps: taking 100g of soot generated in the metal pyrometallurgical process, adding 10.2g of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 98% and 15g of coal into the soot, and fully mixing; carrying out heat treatment on the mixed material at 300 ℃ for 2h by adopting conventional heating; the heat treatment process utilizes the synergistic effect of sulfuric acid thermal decomposition and carbonaceous reduction, can retard the de novo synthesis of UPOPs such as dioxin and the like, and efficiently decomposes the original UPOPs such as dioxin and the like, and the decomposition rate is as high as more than 95 percent; in addition, the valuable metals in the soot are converted into corresponding soluble or insoluble sulfates after heat treatment; carrying out water immersion on the heat treatment slag, wherein the water immersion temperature is 30 ℃, the time is 3h, and the liquid-solid ratio is 10: 1 mL/g; the water leaching can realize the selective leaching and separation of valuable metals.
Example 2
Soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition
The method comprises the following steps: taking 100g of soot generated in the metal pyrometallurgical process, adding 21.4g of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 70% and 10g of coal into the soot, and fully mixing; carrying out heat treatment on the mixed material at 400 ℃ for 4h by adopting microwave heating; the heat treatment process effectively retards the de-novo synthesis of UPOPs such as dioxin and the like by utilizing the synergistic action of sulfuric acid thermal decomposition and carbonaceous reduction, and efficiently decomposes the original UPOPs such as dioxin and the like, and the decomposition rate is as high as more than 95%; in addition, the valuable metals in the soot are converted into corresponding soluble or insoluble sulfates after heat treatment; carrying out water leaching on the heat treatment slag, wherein the water leaching temperature is 35 ℃, the time is 1h, and the liquid-solid ratio is 6: 1 mL/g; the water leaching can realize the selective leaching and separation of valuable metals.
Example 3
Soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition
The method comprises the following steps: taking 100g of soot generated in the metal pyrometallurgical process, adding 25.0g of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 80% and 20g of coal into the soot, and fully mixing; carrying out heat treatment on the mixed material at 500 ℃ for 5h by adopting infrared heating; the heat treatment process effectively retards the de-novo synthesis of UPOPs such as dioxin and the like by utilizing the synergistic action of sulfuric acid thermal decomposition and carbonaceous reduction, and efficiently decomposes the original UPOPs such as dioxin and the like, and the decomposition rate is as high as more than 95%; in addition, the valuable metals in the soot are converted into corresponding soluble or insoluble sulfates after heat treatment; carrying out water leaching on the heat treatment slag, wherein the water leaching temperature is 40 ℃, the time is 2.5h, and the liquid-solid ratio is 8: 1 mL/g; the water leaching can realize the selective leaching and separation of valuable metals.
Example 4
Soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition
The method comprises the following steps: taking 100g of soot generated in the metal pyrometallurgical process, adding 27.8g of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 90% and 15g of coke into the soot, and fully mixing; carrying out heat treatment on the mixed material at 600 ℃ for 3h by adopting conventional heating; the heat treatment process effectively retards the de-novo synthesis of UPOPs such as dioxin and the like by utilizing the synergistic action of sulfuric acid thermal decomposition and carbonaceous reduction, and efficiently decomposes the original UPOPs such as dioxin and the like, and the decomposition rate is as high as more than 95%; in addition, the valuable metals in the soot are converted into corresponding soluble or insoluble sulfates after heat treatment; carrying out water leaching on the heat treatment slag, wherein the water leaching temperature is 45 ℃, the time is 1.5h, and the liquid-solid ratio is 4: 1 mL/g; the water leaching can realize the selective leaching and separation of valuable metals.
Example 5
Soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition
The method comprises the following steps: taking 100g of soot generated in the metal pyrometallurgical process, adding 46.2g of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 65% and 20g of coke into the soot, and fully mixing; carrying out heat treatment on the mixed material at 550 ℃ for 1h by adopting microwave heating; in the heat treatment process, the synergistic effect of sulfuric acid thermal decomposition and carbonaceous reduction is utilized, the synthesis of UPOPs such as dioxin is effectively retarded, the original UPOPs such as dioxin are efficiently decomposed, and the decomposition rate is as high as more than 95%; in addition, the valuable metals in the soot are converted into corresponding soluble or insoluble sulfates after heat treatment; carrying out water leaching on the heat treatment slag, wherein the water leaching temperature is 50 ℃, the time is 2 hours, and the liquid-solid ratio is 2: 1 mL/g; the water leaching can realize the selective leaching and separation of valuable metals.
In conclusion, the invention can retard the de novo synthesis of UPOPs such as dioxin and the like in the heat treatment process, can decompose the original UPOPs such as dioxin and the like at low temperature, and simultaneously comprehensively recover valuable metals in the soot; the process is simple, the operation is simple and convenient, and the industrial production is facilitated; the treatment process does not produce secondary pollution and meets the environmental protection requirement of clean production.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding concentrated sulfuric acid and carbonaceous reducing agent into the soot generated in the metal pyrometallurgical smelting process, fully mixing, and carrying out heat treatment on the mixed material, so that on one hand, synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition of UPOPs in the soot are realized, and on the other hand, controllable phase transformation of valuable metals in the soot is realized; and then the heat treatment slag is subjected to water leaching to selectively leach and separate the valuable metals.
2. The method for treating the soot capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soot is waste slag and soot generated in the pyrometallurgical process of copper, lead, zinc, aluminum, nickel, tin, antimony and bismuth, and can be further expanded and applied to the treatment of dust generated in the steel industry.
3. The method for treating the soot capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 65-98%, and the amount of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 10-30% of the mass of the soot; the carbonaceous reducing agent is coal or coke, and the using amount of the carbonaceous reducing agent is 10-20% of the mass of the soot.
4. The method for treating soot capable of realizing synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition of UPOPs according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment is conventional heating, microwave heating or infrared heating; the heat treatment temperature is 300-600 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 1-5 h.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the UPOPs decomposition rate is 95% or more.
6. The soot treatment method capable of realizing UPOPs synthesis retardation and low-temperature decomposition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water immersion temperature is 30-50 ℃, the time is 1-3 h, and the liquid-solid ratio is 2: 1-10: 1 mL/g.
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CN115652100A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-31 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for efficiently and comprehensively treating reclaimed copper smelting fly ash |
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