CN110978171B - Preparation method and application of bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo Download PDFInfo
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- CN110978171B CN110978171B CN201911307366.2A CN201911307366A CN110978171B CN 110978171 B CN110978171 B CN 110978171B CN 201911307366 A CN201911307366 A CN 201911307366A CN 110978171 B CN110978171 B CN 110978171B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27J—MECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27J1/00—Mechanical working of cane or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K9/00—Chemical or physical treatment of reed, straw, or similar material
- B27K9/002—Cane, bamboo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/08—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood fibres, e.g. produced by tearing
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C3/00—Pulping cellulose-containing materials
- D21C3/22—Other features of pulping processes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo and the application, comprising the steps of pretreatment of fresh bamboo rod, steaming and decocting treatment of bamboo filament material, first enzymolysis treatment, softening treatment, high-concentration pulping treatment, squeezing treatment, second enzymolysis treatment and concentration treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pulping and papermaking, pharmacy, food and feed, in particular to a preparation method and application of bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract prepared from bamboo, and particularly relates to a bamboo extract, bamboo pulp fiber and a combined preparation process method, which are suitable for fully utilizing fresh bamboo.
Background
Bamboo is a high-quality fiber raw material, and China is the earliest country for pulping and making paper by using bamboo. The bamboo juice in the fresh bamboo is a traditional Chinese medicinal material, the medicinal value of which is recorded as early as compendium of materia medica, the fresh bamboo juice has sweet smell and no toxicity, has the efficacies of mainly treating sudden apoplexy, wind arthralgia, chest blood, vexation, diabetes and the like, and is recorded in the first book (1992) of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. With the development of modern science and technology, the fresh bamboo juice is widely applied to the aspects of food (beverage), health products, medicines and the like through continuous exploration. China bamboo resources are rich, and the existing bamboo is used for preparing bamboo fiber, pulping method and bamboo juice extraction method, but the existing technologies have the problems of low bamboo utilization rate, high industrial production cost, great pollution control difficulty and the like.
Chinese patent No. 200510108294 discloses a method for producing cellulose pulp from bamboo and pulp thereof, which relates to a method for producing pulp from bamboo, and more particularly to a method for producing pulp from bamboo and pulp thereof, which comprises splitting bamboo longitudinally and cutting it transversely, then screening and washing the split bamboo, so as to reduce the consumption of chemicals in the prehydrolysis and pulping processes, and at the same time, to facilitate the reaction thereof, thereby producing dissolving pulp with better quality and higher yield, and preventing the generation of dioxin by using the bleaching method of ECF or TCF. Chinese patent No. 200610124465 discloses a method for making pulp by using bamboo as raw material and adopting APMP pretreatment by blasting, which comprises the following steps: a method for preparing APMP pulp by blasting pretreatment with bamboo as raw material comprises screening, removing impurities, washing, sulfonating for pre-soaking, and blasting pretreatment; chemical pretreatment; and (3) two-stage normal pressure grinding, high concentration staying, subsequent grinding in a high concentration pulp grinder, diluting the pulp, adjusting the pH value, washing, concentrating, latency eliminating and screening to obtain the product. Chinese patent No. CN1792272 discloses an industrial extraction method of fresh bamboo juice, which comprises the following specific technical contents: the process comprises the following steps: A. selecting and preparing materials; B. extracting fresh succus Bambusae. Chinese patent publication No. CN201910892262.6 discloses a natural color bamboo pulp preparation process and system, comprising the steps of: preprocessing fresh bamboos to obtain fasciculate or conglobate bamboo fasciculate objects, sequentially softening the bamboo fasciculate objects for the first time, rolling threads, extruding, filtering, grinding pulp, softening again, finely grinding, eliminating latency, diluting and removing slag, and dehydrating and concentrating to obtain the finished product of the natural color bamboo pulp.
The problems which are commonly existed in the technical schemes are as follows: the conversion rate and the output capacity of the bamboo are low, and waste or waste water exists, for example, the waste water and waste water are easily generated in the process of manufacturing paper pulp, the environmental pollution is large, and along with the improvement of Chinese environmental awareness, the waste and waste water treatment cost is high, so that the large economic burden of subsequent treatment is increased for a paper mill. In the prior art, no matter bamboo pulping or bamboo juice extraction is performed, a single product, namely paper pulp (fiber) or bamboo juice, is produced by using bamboo raw materials, waste and wastewater are generated, the comprehensive utilization rate of bamboo is low, and the resource value of bamboo is not completely realized. How to effectively utilize bamboos and comprehensively extract fibers and extracts of the bamboos respectively is a difficult problem in terms of environmental protection and economic benefits, is also a difficult problem in terms of the existing bamboo utilization process, and how to realize the comprehensive utilization of the bamboos in a set of process is a research direction for the utilization of the bamboos, so that a set of process method for comprehensively utilizing the bamboos and comprehensively extracting the comprehensive values of the bamboos is urgently needed in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract prepared from bamboo, which can synchronously extract the bamboo pulp fiber and the bamboo extract, reduce the generation of waste and wastewater in bamboo pulping, redesign a process method, effectively utilize the waste generated in bamboo pulping, effectively and comprehensively extract the bamboo extract, convert the bamboo extract into medicinal and edible materials, and greatly improve the utilization rate and the yield of the bamboo.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo comprises:
A. pretreatment of fresh bamboo poles: collecting 1-2 years old fresh bamboo poles of gramineous plants, removing branches and leaves on the fresh bamboo poles to form fresh bamboo pole raw materials, conveying the fresh bamboo pole raw materials to a bamboo chip cutting machine through a belt conveyor to cut the fresh bamboo chips into fresh bamboo chips, and controlling the length of each fresh bamboo chip to be 40-120 mm; conveying the fresh bamboo chips to a bamboo chip washing machine through a belt conveyor for washing, tearing and twisting the washed fresh bamboo chips into fine bamboo filament materials, wherein the diameter of the bamboo filament materials is less than 2 mm;
B. steaming and decocting the bamboo filament material: according to the bamboo filament material: water 1: 2-8, heating the bamboo filament material and water in the extraction tank, stopping heating when the pressure in the extraction tank reaches 0.1MPa, and opening a steam release valve to release part of steam and air in the extraction tank; when the pressure in the extraction tank is reduced to 0.05Mpa, closing the steam release valve and heating the bamboo filament material and water in the extraction tank again, and when the pressure in the extraction tank is increased to 0.1-0.4 Mpa, continuing heating and preserving heat for 30-120 minutes;
C. and (3) enzymolysis treatment: after the heat preservation is finished, discharging by adopting a full-pressure blowing mode, then carrying out material-liquid separation, wherein the separated liquid is an extracting solution A, and conveying the extracting solution A to a liquid storage tank by using a pump; adding 0.2-0.5 wt% of xylanase into the separated material, and performing enzymolysis treatment, wherein the enzymolysis time is 1-4 hours, and the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60 ℃;
D. c, feeding the material subjected to enzymolysis into a bamboo fiber softening machine for softening treatment to obtain a softened material, feeding the softened material into a high-concentration pulping machine for treatment, directly feeding hot water with the weight of 2-5 times and at the temperature of 70-90 ℃ into a mixing conveyor for uniform mixing, then feeding the mixed material into a bamboo fiber squeezer for squeezing treatment to obtain liquid as an extracting solution B, and obtaining a squeezed material as a semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber;
E. d, feeding the semi-finished bamboo pulp fibers obtained in the step D into a mixing conveyor, adding bamboo fiber treatment enzyme with the weight ratio of 0.1-0.3% into the mixing conveyor, mixing the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme with the mixing conveyor, and conveying the mixture to an enzymolysis bin for enzymolysis for 2-4 hours at the enzymolysis temperature of 30-60 ℃; and conveying the material subjected to enzymolysis to a dryer by a conveyor for drying to obtain the bamboo pulp fiber.
In order to better implement the invention, the invention also comprises a step F,
F. filtering the extractive solution A obtained in step C and the extractive solution B obtained in step D with a filter, pumping the filtered liquid into a concentrator, concentrating into paste, and drying with a spray dryer to obtain powdered bamboo extract.
The invention provides a preferable technical scheme as follows: a method for preparing bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo comprises:
A. pretreatment of fresh bamboo poles: collecting 1-2 years old fresh bamboo poles of gramineous plants, removing branches and leaves on the fresh bamboo poles to form fresh bamboo pole raw materials, conveying the fresh bamboo pole raw materials to a bamboo chip cutting machine through a belt conveyor to cut the fresh bamboo chips into fresh bamboo chips, and controlling the length of each fresh bamboo chip to be 80-120 mm; conveying the fresh bamboo chips to a bamboo chip washing machine through a belt conveyor for washing, conveying the washed fresh bamboo chips to a tearing and kneading machine for tearing and kneading into fine bamboo filament materials, wherein the diameter of the bamboo filament materials is less than 2 mm;
B. steaming and decocting the bamboo filament material: according to the bamboo filament material: water 1: 2-8, heating bamboo filament materials and water in an extraction tank, wherein the extraction tank is provided with an inner tank body and an outer tank body, a heating cavity is arranged between the inner tank body and the outer tank body of the extraction tank, the inner tank body of the extraction tank is used for storing the bamboo filament materials and the water, the outer tank body of the extraction tank is made of a heat insulating material, high-temperature high-pressure steam is introduced into the heating cavity of the extraction tank and the bamboo filament materials and the water in the extraction tank are heated during heating, a steam release valve of the extraction tank is opened firstly during heating until the water in the extraction tank is naturally boiled, then the steam release valve of the extraction tank is closed, and the high-temperature high-pressure steam is continuously introduced for heating; when the pressure in the extraction tank reaches 0.1Mpa, stopping heating and opening a steam release valve to release part of steam and air in the extraction tank; when the pressure in the extraction tank is reduced to 0.05Mpa, closing the steam release valve and heating the bamboo filament material and water in the extraction tank again, and when the pressure in the extraction tank is increased to 0.1-0.4 Mpa, continuing heating and preserving heat for 30-120 minutes;
C. and (3) enzymolysis treatment: after the heat preservation is finished, discharging by adopting a full-pressure blowing mode, then carrying out material-liquid separation, wherein the separated liquid is an extracting solution A, and conveying the extracting solution A to a liquid storage tank by using a pump; adding 0.2-0.5% by weight of xylanase into the separated material, and carrying out enzymolysis treatment, wherein the enzymolysis time is 2-4 hours, and the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60 ℃;
D. c, feeding the material subjected to enzymolysis into a bamboo fiber softening machine for softening treatment to obtain a softened material, feeding the softened material into a high-concentration pulping machine for treatment, directly feeding hot water with the weight of 2-5 times and at the temperature of 70-90 ℃ into a mixing conveyor for uniform mixing, then feeding the mixed material into a bamboo fiber squeezer for squeezing treatment to obtain liquid as an extracting solution B, wherein the obtained squeezed material is a semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber, and the dryness of the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber is more than 30%;
E. d, feeding the semi-finished bamboo pulp fibers obtained in the step D into a mixing conveyor, adding bamboo fiber treatment enzyme with the weight ratio of 0.1-0.2% into the mixing conveyor, mixing the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme with the mixing conveyor, and conveying the mixture to an enzymolysis bin for enzymolysis for 2-3 hours at the enzymolysis temperature of 30-50 ℃; and (3) conveying the material subjected to enzymolysis to a dryer by a conveyor for drying to obtain bamboo pulp fibers, wherein the dryness of the bamboo pulp fibers is over 90%.
Preferably, the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme in the step E is produced by xiasheng (shanghai) biotechnology limited, and is mainly used for removing lignin in the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber and activating the fiber so as to loosen and soften the fiber structure of the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber and improve the water absorption swelling and fibrosis degree of the bamboo fiber; meanwhile, the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme also acts on a p layer and an s1 layer of a fiber cell wall, so that the cohesion of the fiber is reduced, and the hydrogen bonding force of the fiber is increased.
Preferably, the step A is to remove worm damage and mottled bamboo stalks from the fresh bamboo stalks before being conveyed to the bamboo chip cutting machine.
The semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber obtained in the step D or the bamboo pulp fiber obtained in the step E is used as a paper pulp raw material, or bleached by a chemical method to obtain bleached pulp.
The bamboo extract prepared by the preparation method is used for producing raw materials of medicines, foods, health products and beverages or used for producing additives of feeds.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the process method of the invention omits the process of bamboo pulping and material preparation, reduces the energy consumption and saves the energy; the bamboo pulp fiber and the bamboo extract can be synchronously extracted, the generation of waste and wastewater in bamboo pulping is reduced, the process method is redesigned, the waste generated in bamboo pulping can be effectively utilized, the bamboo extract can be effectively and comprehensively extracted, medicinal and edible materials can be converted, and the utilization rate and the yield of the bamboo are greatly improved.
(2) The process method of the invention improves the yield of the bamboo pulp fiber, improves the pulping quality of the bamboo pulp fiber and the pulping environment of the bamboo pulp fiber, reduces the pulping cost, the fresh bamboo sheet material is torn, kneaded and squeezed, the bamboo knots and the siliceous skin are squashed, the fiber bundles are loosened from the basic tissue, reduces the rigidity of the fresh bamboo sheet material and the siliceous skin, and the bamboo fiber is further softened after the steaming and enzymolysis treatment. The steaming decoction treatment and the enzymolysis treatment not only discharge the air in the fresh bamboo chips and the volatile matters which are not beneficial to pulping, but also obtain the bamboo extract more easily. In the process of extracting the bamboo pulp fiber, high-temperature and high-pressure chemical cooking is not carried out, the cooking time is reduced by more than 50 percent compared with the chemical cooking time, and the yield is higher; the energy consumption of bamboo pulp fiber pulping is reduced by 60 percent compared with the prior chemical method, the yield of bamboo pulp fiber pulping is improved by more than 80 percent compared with the prior chemical method, and the water consumption of bamboo pulp fiber pulping is reduced by more than 95 percent compared with the prior chemical method. The method removes most of saccharides, tannins and other impurities which affect the quality of the paper pulp, reduces colored substances in the bamboo pulp, can improve the quality of the paper pulp, improves the whiteness of the bleached paper pulp by 2-5 ℃, reduces the yellowing degree of the paper pulp, and has better uniformity and more stable quality of the prepared pulp.
(3) The process method disclosed by the invention does not use chemical raw materials, does not generate cooking waste liquid, does not generate toxic substances, realizes almost zero discharge of waste water, avoids environmental pollution, is green and environment-friendly, and can realize clean production.
(4) The process method of the invention adopts the steps of tearing and kneading the fresh bamboo chips into bamboo filaments, carrying out the decoction treatment of bamboo filament fibers and the enzymolysis treatment of xylanase, thus improving the dissolution rate of the bamboo, increasing the content of effective components of the bamboo extract and improving the quality and the yield of the extract.
(5) The bamboo pulp fiber of the process method of the invention is converted into high-quality raw materials for pulping and papermaking, has no waste residue and causes no environmental pollution.
(6) The invention develops and utilizes and transforms waste resources across industries, reduces pollution and realizes efficient and comprehensive utilization of bamboos; the invention has the characteristics of low production cost, good product quality, no environmental pollution and the like. Provides a set of brand new process method for producing high-quality, low-consumption and pollution-free bamboo extract and bamboo pulp fiber, and brings great economic, social and environmental benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the process flow of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
example one
As shown in FIG. 1, a method for preparing bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo comprises:
A. pretreatment of fresh bamboo poles: collecting 1-2 years old fresh bamboo stems of gramineae plants, removing branches and leaves on the fresh bamboo stems to form a fresh bamboo stem raw material, and removing worm damage and mottled bamboo stem detection of the fresh bamboo stems before conveying the fresh bamboo stems to a bamboo chip cutting machine; conveying the fresh bamboo rod raw materials to a bamboo chip cutting machine through a belt conveyor to be cut into fresh bamboo chips, wherein the length of each fresh bamboo chip is controlled to be 40-120 mm; conveying the fresh bamboo chips to a bamboo chip washing machine through a belt conveyor for washing, tearing and twisting the washed fresh bamboo chips into fine bamboo filament materials, wherein the diameter of the bamboo filament materials is less than 2 mm.
B. Steaming and decocting the bamboo filament material: according to the bamboo filament material: water 1: 2-8, heating the bamboo filament material and water in the extraction tank, stopping heating when the pressure in the extraction tank reaches 0.1MPa, and opening a steam release valve to release part of steam and air in the extraction tank; when the pressure in the extraction tank is reduced to 0.05Mpa, closing the steam release valve and heating the bamboo filament material and water in the extraction tank again, and when the pressure in the extraction tank is increased to 0.1-0.4 Mpa, continuing heating and preserving heat for 30-120 minutes;
C. and (3) enzymolysis treatment: after the heat preservation is finished, discharging by adopting a full-pressure spraying mode (the full-pressure spraying of the embodiment has the following effects of enabling the bamboo fiber material to rapidly flow and violently impact in a spraying pipe, suddenly reducing pressure in air after leaving the spraying pipe to burst the bamboo fiber material, and facilitating the disintegration of the bamboo fiber and the dissolution of a large amount of dissolved substances), then separating the material liquid, taking the separated liquid as an extracting solution A, and sending the extracting solution A to a liquid storage tank by using a pump; xylanase with the weight ratio of 0.2-0.5% is added into the separated material for enzymolysis treatment, the enzymolysis time is 1-4 hours, the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60 ℃, the temperature and the time in the enzymolysis treatment process cannot be lower than the lower limit and cannot be higher than the upper limit, the activity of the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme is optimal and the enzymolysis is more sufficient in the temperature and time range, and the enzyme is easy to inactivate or the enzyme activity cannot be fully exerted when the temperature and the time range are exceeded. The separated material can decompose the cell wall of the bamboo fiber material in the enzymolysis process of xylanase, is convenient for releasing effective substances such as flavone and isoflavone compounds, can degrade water-insoluble arabinoxylan with high molecular weight in the bamboo fiber into active polysaccharides such as water-soluble xylose and low xylan, can accelerate the softening of the bamboo fiber, and can improve the extraction rate of the bamboo extract; in the embodiment, 0.2-0.4 wt% of pectinase or laccase can be added into the separated material for enzymolysis, the enzymolysis time is 3-4 hours, and the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60 ℃.
D. C, feeding the material subjected to enzymolysis into a bamboo fiber softening machine for softening treatment to obtain a softened material, feeding the softened material into a high-concentration pulping machine for treatment, directly feeding hot water (the weight ratio is that the hot water of the bamboo pulp fiber is 1: 2-5, wherein the temperature of the hot water is 70-90 ℃) with the weight of 2-5 times and the temperature of 70-90 ℃ into a mixing conveyor for uniform mixing, feeding the mixed material into a bamboo fiber presser for pressing treatment to obtain liquid as an extracting solution B, and taking the obtained pressed material as a semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber;
E. and D, directly feeding the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber obtained in the step D into a mixing conveyor, adding bamboo fiber treating enzyme with the weight ratio of 0.1-0.2% into the mixing conveyor, mixing the bamboo fiber treating enzyme with the mixing conveyor, conveying the mixture to an enzymolysis bin for enzymolysis for 2-3 hours at the enzymolysis temperature of 30-60 ℃, wherein the temperature and the time in the enzymolysis treatment process cannot be lower than the lower limit and cannot be higher than the upper limit, the activity of the bamboo fiber treating enzyme is optimal and the enzymolysis is more sufficient in the temperature and time range, and the enzyme is easy to inactivate or the enzyme activity cannot be fully exerted when the temperature and the time range are exceeded. The bamboo fiber treating enzyme in step E of this embodiment is a complex enzyme (in this embodiment, peroxidase, laccase, or pectinase may be used to replace the bamboo fiber treating enzyme, and the effect is slightly worse than that of the bamboo fiber treating enzyme), and the bamboo fiber treating enzyme in step E is produced by tsui (shanghai) biotechnology limited, and is mainly used for removing lignin in the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber and activating the fiber to loosen and soften the fiber structure of the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber, and to improve the water absorption swelling and fibrosis degree of the bamboo fiber; meanwhile, the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme also acts on a p layer and an s1 layer of a fiber cell wall, so that the cohesion of the fiber is reduced, and the hydrogen bonding force of the fiber is increased.
The semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber of the step D or the bamboo pulp fiber of the step E is used as a paper pulp raw material, or bleached by a chemical method to prepare bleached pulp.
The bamboo extract prepared by the preparation method is used for producing raw materials of medicines, foods, health products and beverages or used for producing additives of feeds.
Example two
As shown in FIG. 1, a method for preparing bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo comprises:
A. fresh bamboo cane pretreatment (corresponding to fresh bamboo cane pretreatment of fig. 1): collecting 1-2 years old fresh bamboo stems of gramineae plants, removing branches and leaves on the fresh bamboo stems to form a fresh bamboo stem raw material, and removing worm damage and mottled bamboo stem detection of the fresh bamboo stems before conveying the fresh bamboo stems to a bamboo chip cutting machine; conveying the fresh bamboo rod raw materials to a bamboo chip cutting machine through a belt conveyor to be cut into fresh bamboo chips, wherein the length of each fresh bamboo chip is controlled to be 40-120 mm; conveying the fresh bamboo chips to a bamboo chip washing machine through a belt conveyor for washing, tearing and twisting the washed fresh bamboo chips into fine bamboo filament materials, wherein the diameter of the bamboo filament materials is less than 2 mm.
B. Steaming and decocting the bamboo filament material (corresponding to the steaming and decocting treatment of the bamboo filament material in figure 1): converting the bamboo filament material into a drying material, and preparing the bamboo filament material (the drying material after conversion): water 1: 2-8, heating the bamboo filament material and water in the extraction tank, stopping heating when the pressure in the extraction tank reaches 0.1MPa, and opening a steam release valve to release part of steam and air in the extraction tank; when the pressure in the extraction tank is reduced to 0.05Mpa, closing the steam release valve and heating the bamboo filament material and water in the extraction tank again, and when the pressure in the extraction tank is increased to 0.1-0.4 Mpa, continuing heating and preserving heat for 30-120 minutes;
C. and (3) enzymolysis treatment: after the heat preservation is finished, discharging by adopting a full-pressure spraying mode (the full-pressure spraying of the embodiment has the following effects of enabling the bamboo fiber material to rapidly flow and violently impact in a spraying pipe, suddenly reducing pressure in air after leaving the spraying pipe to burst the bamboo fiber material, and facilitating the disintegration of the bamboo fiber and the dissolution of a large amount of dissolved substances), then separating the material liquid, taking the separated liquid as an extracting solution A, and sending the extracting solution A to a liquid storage tank by using a pump; adding 0.2-0.5 wt% of xylanase into the separated material, performing enzymolysis (corresponding to the first enzymolysis treatment in figure 1), wherein the enzymolysis time is 1-4 hours, and the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60 ℃, the separated material can decompose the cell wall of the bamboo fiber material in the enzymolysis process of xylanase, so that the release of effective substances such as flavone and isoflavone compounds is facilitated, meanwhile, the large molecular weight water-insoluble arabinoxylan in the bamboo fiber can be degraded into active polysaccharides such as water-soluble xylose and low xylan, the softening of the bamboo fiber can be accelerated, and the extraction rate of the bamboo extract can be improved; in the embodiment, 0.2-0.4 wt% of pectinase or laccase can be added into the separated material for enzymolysis, the enzymolysis time is 3-4 hours, and the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60 ℃.
D. Feeding the material subjected to enzymolysis in the step C into a bamboo fiber softening machine for softening treatment (corresponding to the softening treatment in the figure 1) to obtain a softened material, feeding the softened material into a high-concentration pulping machine for treatment (corresponding to the high-concentration pulping treatment in the figure 1), feeding hot water with the weight of 2-5 times and the temperature of 70-90 times after treatment into a mixing conveyor for uniform mixing (namely, the weight ratio is as follows: semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber: hot water is 1: 2-5, wherein the temperature of the hot water is 70-90 ℃), conveying the mixed material and liquid into a bamboo fiber presser for pressing treatment (corresponding to the pressing treatment in the figure 1), taking the obtained liquid as an extracting solution B, and taking the obtained pressed material as semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber;
E. d, feeding the semi-finished bamboo pulp fibers obtained in the step D into a mixing conveyor, adding bamboo fiber treating enzyme with the weight ratio of 0.1-0.2% into the mixing conveyor, mixing the bamboo fiber treating enzyme with the mixing conveyor, and conveying the mixture to an enzymolysis bin for enzymolysis for 2-3 hours (corresponding to the second enzymolysis treatment in the figure 1), wherein the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60 ℃; and conveying the material subjected to enzymolysis to a dryer by a conveyor for drying to obtain the bamboo pulp fiber. The bamboo fiber treating enzyme in step E of this embodiment is a complex enzyme (in this embodiment, peroxidase, laccase, or pectinase may be used to replace the bamboo fiber treating enzyme, and the effect is slightly worse than that of the bamboo fiber treating enzyme), and the bamboo fiber treating enzyme in step E is produced by tsui (shanghai) biotechnology limited, and is mainly used for removing lignin in the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber and activating the fiber to loosen and soften the fiber structure of the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber, and to improve the water absorption swelling and fibrosis degree of the bamboo fiber; meanwhile, the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme also acts on a p layer and an s1 layer of a fiber cell wall, so that the cohesion of the fiber is reduced, and the hydrogen bonding force of the fiber is increased.
F. Filtering the extractive solution A obtained in step C and the extractive solution B obtained in step D with a filter, pumping the filtered liquid into a concentrator, concentrating into paste (corresponding to the concentration treatment in FIG. 1), and drying with a dryer to obtain powdered bamboo extract.
The belt conveyer, the extraction tank, the liquid storage tank, the bamboo fiber softening machine, the conveyer, the mixing conveyer, the bamboo fiber squeezer, the bamboo chip tearing and kneading machine, the dryer, the enzymolysis bin, the filter, the concentrator and other equipment of the embodiment need to meet the standard requirements of pharmaceutical and food industries, the equipment can adopt the prior art, the bamboo chip tearing and kneading machine, the bamboo fiber softening machine, the bamboo fiber squeezer, the mixing conveyer and the enzymolysis bin can be manufactured according to the process requirements of the invention, the water quality of the water used in the invention needs to meet the standard requirements of the industry, and the prepared fresh bamboo extract product meets the standard requirements of the industry.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the process method of the invention omits the process of bamboo pulping and material preparation, reduces the energy consumption and saves the energy; the bamboo pulp fiber and the bamboo extract can be synchronously extracted, the generation of waste and wastewater in bamboo pulping is reduced, the process method is redesigned, the waste generated in bamboo pulping can be effectively utilized, the bamboo extract can be effectively and comprehensively extracted, medicinal and edible materials can be converted, and the utilization rate and the yield of the bamboo are greatly improved.
2. The process method of the invention improves the yield of the bamboo pulp fiber, improves the pulping quality of the bamboo pulp fiber and the pulping environment of the bamboo pulp fiber, and reduces the pulping cost. The fresh bamboo sheet is torn, kneaded and squeezed, the bamboo joints and the siliceous skin are crushed, the fiber bundles and the basic tissues are loosened, the rigidity of the fiber bundles and the basic tissues is reduced, and the bamboo fibers are further softened after the steaming and enzymolysis treatment. The steaming decoction treatment and the enzymolysis treatment not only discharge the air in the fresh bamboo chips and the dissolved substances which are not beneficial to pulping, but also obtain the bamboo extract more easily. In the process of extracting the bamboo pulp fiber, high-temperature and high-pressure chemical cooking is not carried out, the cooking time is reduced by more than 50 percent compared with the chemical cooking time, and the yield is higher; the energy consumption of bamboo pulp fiber pulping is reduced by 60 percent compared with the prior chemical method, the yield of bamboo pulp fiber pulping is improved by more than 80 percent compared with the prior chemical method, and the water consumption of bamboo pulp fiber pulping is reduced by more than 95 percent compared with the prior chemical method. The method removes most of saccharides, tannins and other impurities which affect the quality of the paper pulp, reduces colored substances in the bamboo pulp, can improve the quality of the paper pulp, improves the whiteness of the bleached paper pulp by 2-5 ℃, reduces the yellowing degree of the paper pulp, and has better uniformity and more stable quality of the prepared pulp.
3. The process method disclosed by the invention does not use chemical raw materials, does not generate cooking waste liquid, does not generate toxic substances, realizes almost zero discharge of waste water, avoids environmental pollution, is green and environment-friendly, and can realize clean production.
4. The process method of the invention adopts the steps of tearing and kneading the fresh bamboo chips into bamboo filaments, carrying out the decoction treatment of bamboo filament fibers and the enzymolysis treatment of xylanase, thus improving the dissolution rate of the bamboo, increasing the content of effective components of the bamboo extract and improving the quality and the yield of the extract.
5. The bamboo fiber material (namely bamboo pulp fiber) of the process method is converted into high-quality raw materials for pulping and papermaking, and the process method has no waste residue and can not cause environmental pollution.
6. The invention develops and utilizes and transforms waste resources across industries, reduces pollution and realizes efficient and comprehensive utilization of bamboos; the invention has the characteristics of low production cost, good product quality, no environmental pollution and the like. Provides a set of brand new process method for producing high-quality, low-consumption and pollution-free bamboo extract and bamboo pulp fiber, and brings great economic, social and environmental benefits.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in FIG. 1, a method for preparing bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo comprises:
A. pretreatment of fresh bamboo poles: collecting 1-2 years old fresh bamboo stems of gramineae plants, removing branches and leaves on the fresh bamboo stems to form a fresh bamboo stem raw material, and removing worm damage and mottled bamboo stem detection of the fresh bamboo stems before conveying the fresh bamboo stems to a bamboo chip cutting machine; conveying the fresh bamboo rod raw materials to a bamboo chip cutting machine through a belt conveyor to be cut into fresh bamboo chips, wherein the length of each fresh bamboo chip is controlled to be 80-120 mm; conveying the fresh bamboo chips to a bamboo chip washing machine through a belt conveyor for washing, conveying the washed fresh bamboo chips to a tearing and kneading machine for tearing and kneading into fine bamboo filament materials, wherein the diameter of the bamboo filament materials is less than 2 mm.
B. Steaming and decocting the bamboo filament material: according to the bamboo filament material: water 1: 2-8, heating the bamboo filament material and water in the extraction tank, wherein the extraction tank is provided with an inner tank body and an outer tank body, a heating cavity is arranged between the inner tank body and the outer tank body of the extraction tank, the inner tank body of the extraction tank is used for storing the bamboo filament material and the water, the outer tank body of the extraction tank is made of a heat insulation material, high-temperature high-pressure steam is introduced into the heating cavity of the extraction tank and the bamboo filament material and the water in the extraction tank are heated during heating, a steam release valve of the extraction tank is opened firstly during heating until the water in the extraction tank is naturally boiled, then the steam release valve of the extraction tank is closed, and the high-temperature high-pressure steam is continuously introduced for heating; the effect of the first steam release of the extraction tank is as follows: 1) avoid producing "false pressure", hinder the temperature from rising; 2) when the steam is released, the temperature difference in the tank can be reduced due to natural boiling in the tank, and uniform cooking is facilitated. When the pressure in the extraction tank reaches 0.1Mpa, stopping heating and opening a steam release valve to release part of steam and air in the extraction tank; when the pressure in the extraction tank is reduced to 0.05Mpa, closing the steam release valve and heating the bamboo filament material and water in the extraction tank again, and when the pressure in the extraction tank is increased to 0.1-0.4 Mpa, continuing heating and preserving heat for 30-120 minutes;
C. and (3) enzymolysis treatment: after the heat preservation is finished, discharging by adopting a full-pressure spraying mode (the full-pressure spraying of the embodiment has the following effects of enabling the bamboo fiber material to rapidly flow and violently impact in a spraying pipe, suddenly reducing pressure in air after leaving the spraying pipe to burst the bamboo fiber material, and facilitating the disintegration of the bamboo fiber and the dissolution of a large amount of dissolved substances), then separating the material liquid, taking the separated liquid as an extracting solution A, and sending the extracting solution A to a liquid storage tank by using a pump; adding 0.2-0.5% of xylanase by weight into the separated material, performing enzymolysis treatment, wherein the enzymolysis time is 1-4 hours, the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60 ℃, the separated material can decompose the cell wall of the bamboo fiber material in the enzymolysis process of the xylanase, so that the release of effective substances such as flavone and isoflavone compounds is facilitated, meanwhile, the water-insoluble arabinoxylan with large molecular weight in the bamboo fiber can be degraded into active polysaccharides such as water-soluble xylose and low xylan, the softening of the bamboo fiber can be accelerated, and the extraction rate of the bamboo extract can be improved; in the embodiment, 0.2-0.4 wt% of pectinase or laccase can be added into the separated material for enzymolysis, the enzymolysis time is 3-4 hours, and the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60 ℃.
D. And C, feeding the material subjected to enzymolysis into a bamboo fiber softening machine for softening treatment to obtain a softened material, feeding the softened material into a high-concentration pulping machine for treatment, directly feeding hot water (the weight of the hot water is 1: 2-5, and the temperature of the hot water is 70-90 ℃) with the weight of 2-5 times that of the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber into a mixing conveyor for uniform mixing, conveying the mixed material and the liquid to a bamboo fiber squeezer for squeezing treatment to obtain liquid as an extracting solution B, wherein the obtained squeezed material is the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber, and the dryness of the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber is more than 30% (namely the water content of the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber is lower than 70%).
E. And D, directly feeding the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber obtained in the step D into a mixing conveyor, adding bamboo fiber treatment enzyme with the weight ratio of 0.1-0.2% into the mixing conveyor, mixing by the mixing conveyor, and conveying to an enzymolysis bin for enzymolysis for 2-3 hours at the enzymolysis temperature of 30-50 ℃. And (3) conveying the material subjected to enzymolysis to a dryer by a conveyor for drying to obtain the bamboo pulp fiber, wherein the dryness of the bamboo pulp fiber is more than 90% (namely the water content of the bamboo pulp fiber is less than 10%). The bamboo fiber treating enzyme in step E of this embodiment is a complex enzyme (in this embodiment, peroxidase, laccase, or pectinase may be used to replace the bamboo fiber treating enzyme, and the effect is slightly worse than that of the bamboo fiber treating enzyme), and the bamboo fiber treating enzyme in step E is produced by tsui (shanghai) biotechnology limited, and is mainly used for removing lignin in the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber and activating the fiber to loosen and soften the fiber structure of the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber, and to improve the water absorption swelling and fibrosis degree of the bamboo fiber; meanwhile, the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme also acts on a p layer and an s1 layer of a fiber cell wall, so that the cohesion of the fiber is reduced, and the hydrogen bonding force of the fiber is increased.
F. Filtering the extractive solution A obtained in step C and the extractive solution B obtained in step D with a filter, pumping the filtered liquid into a concentrator, concentrating into paste, and drying with a dryer to obtain powdered bamboo extract.
The semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber obtained in the step D or the bamboo pulp fiber obtained in the step E is used as a paper pulp raw material, or bleached by a chemical method to obtain bleached pulp.
The bamboo extract prepared by the preparation method is used for producing raw materials of medicines, foods, health products and beverages or used for producing additives of feeds.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the process method of the invention omits the process of bamboo pulping and material preparation, reduces the energy consumption and saves the energy; the bamboo pulp fiber and the bamboo extract can be synchronously extracted, the generation of waste and wastewater in bamboo pulping is reduced, the process method is redesigned, the waste generated in bamboo pulping can be effectively utilized, the bamboo extract can be effectively and comprehensively extracted, medicinal and edible materials can be converted, and the utilization rate and the yield of the bamboo are greatly improved.
2. The process method of the invention improves the yield of the bamboo pulp fiber, improves the pulping quality of the bamboo pulp fiber and the pulping environment of the bamboo pulp fiber, reduces the pulping cost, the fresh bamboo sheet material is torn, kneaded and squeezed, the bamboo knots and the siliceous skin are squashed, the fiber bundles are loosened from the basic tissue, reduces the rigidity of the fresh bamboo sheet material and the siliceous skin, and the bamboo fiber is further softened after the steaming and enzymolysis treatment. The steaming decoction treatment and the enzymolysis treatment not only discharge the air in the fresh bamboo chips and the volatile matters which are not beneficial to pulping, but also obtain the bamboo extract more easily. In the process of extracting the bamboo pulp fiber, high-temperature and high-pressure chemical cooking is not carried out, the cooking time is reduced by more than 50 percent compared with the chemical cooking time, and the yield is higher; the energy consumption of bamboo pulp fiber pulping is reduced by 60 percent compared with the prior chemical method, the yield of bamboo pulp fiber pulping is improved by more than 80 percent compared with the prior chemical method, and the water consumption of bamboo pulp fiber pulping is reduced by more than 95 percent compared with the prior chemical method. The method removes most of saccharides, tannins and other impurities which affect the quality of the paper pulp, reduces colored substances in the bamboo pulp, can improve the quality of the paper pulp, improves the whiteness of the bleached pulp by 2-5 ℃, reduces the yellowing degree of the paper pulp, and has better uniformity and more stable quality of the prepared pulp.
3. The process method disclosed by the invention does not use chemical raw materials, does not generate cooking waste liquid, does not generate toxic substances, realizes almost zero discharge of waste water, avoids environmental pollution, is green and environment-friendly, and can realize clean production.
4. The process method of the invention adopts the steps of tearing and kneading the fresh bamboo chips into bamboo filaments, carrying out the decoction treatment of bamboo filament fibers and the enzymolysis treatment of xylanase, thus improving the dissolution rate of the bamboo, increasing the content of effective components of the bamboo extract and improving the quality and the yield of the extract.
5. The bamboo fiber material (namely bamboo pulp fiber) of the process method is converted into high-quality raw materials for pulping and papermaking, and the process method has no waste residue and can not cause environmental pollution.
6. The invention develops and utilizes and transforms waste resources across industries, reduces pollution and realizes efficient and comprehensive utilization of bamboos; the invention has the characteristics of low production cost, good product quality, no environmental pollution and the like. Provides a set of brand new process method for producing high-quality, low-consumption and pollution-free bamboo extract and bamboo pulp fiber, and brings great economic, social and environmental benefits.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
A. pretreatment of fresh bamboo poles: collecting 1-2 years old fresh bamboo poles of gramineous plants, removing branches and leaves on the fresh bamboo poles to form fresh bamboo pole raw materials, conveying the fresh bamboo pole raw materials to a bamboo chip cutting machine through a belt conveyor to cut the fresh bamboo chips into fresh bamboo chips, and controlling the length of each fresh bamboo chip to be 40-120 mm; conveying the fresh bamboo chips to a bamboo chip washing machine through a belt conveyor for washing, tearing and twisting the washed fresh bamboo chips into fine bamboo filament materials, wherein the diameter of the bamboo filament materials is less than 2 mm;
B. steaming and decocting the bamboo filament material: according to the bamboo filament material: water = 1: 2-8, heating the bamboo filament material and water in the extraction tank, stopping heating when the pressure in the extraction tank reaches 0.1MPa, and opening a steam release valve to release part of steam and air in the extraction tank; when the pressure in the extraction tank is reduced to 0.05Mpa, closing the steam release valve and heating the bamboo filament material and water in the extraction tank again, and when the pressure in the extraction tank is increased to 0.1-0.4 Mpa, continuing heating and preserving heat for 30-120 minutes;
C. and (3) enzymolysis treatment: after the heat preservation is finished, discharging by adopting a full-pressure blowing mode, then carrying out material-liquid separation, wherein the separated liquid is an extracting solution A, and conveying the extracting solution A to a liquid storage tank by using a pump; adding 0.2-0.5 wt% of xylanase into the separated material, and performing enzymolysis treatment, wherein the enzymolysis time is 1-4 hours, and the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60 ℃;
D. c, feeding the material subjected to enzymolysis into a bamboo fiber softening machine for softening treatment to obtain a softened material, feeding the softened material into a high-concentration pulping machine for treatment, directly feeding hot water with the weight of 2-5 times and at the temperature of 70-90 ℃ into a mixing conveyor for uniform mixing, then feeding the mixed material into a bamboo fiber squeezer for squeezing treatment to obtain liquid as an extracting solution B, and obtaining a squeezed material as a semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber;
E. d, directly feeding the semi-finished product bamboo pulp fiber obtained in the step D into a mixing conveyor, adding bamboo fiber treatment enzyme with the weight ratio of 0.1-0.3% into the mixing conveyor, mixing the mixture by the mixing conveyor, conveying the mixture to an enzymolysis bin for enzymolysis for 2-4 hours at the enzymolysis temperature of 30-60 ℃, wherein the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme is used for removing lignin in the semi-finished product bamboo pulp fiber and activating the fiber so that the fiber structure of the semi-finished product bamboo pulp fiber becomes loose and soft, and the water absorption swelling and fine fibrosis degree of the bamboo fiber is improved; meanwhile, the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme also acts on a p layer and an s1 layer of the fiber cell wall, so that the cohesion of the fiber is reduced, and the hydrogen bond bonding force of the fiber is increased; conveying the material subjected to enzymolysis to a dryer by a conveyor for drying to obtain bamboo pulp fibers;
F. filtering the extractive solution A obtained in step C and the extractive solution B obtained in step D with a filter, pumping the filtered liquid into a concentrator, concentrating into paste, and drying with a dryer to obtain powdered bamboo extract.
2. The method of preparing bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
A. pretreatment of fresh bamboo poles: collecting 1-2 years old fresh bamboo poles of gramineous plants, removing branches and leaves on the fresh bamboo poles to form fresh bamboo pole raw materials, conveying the fresh bamboo pole raw materials to a bamboo chip cutting machine through a belt conveyor to cut the fresh bamboo chips into fresh bamboo chips, and controlling the length of each fresh bamboo chip to be 80-120 mm; conveying the fresh bamboo chips to a bamboo chip washing machine through a belt conveyor for washing, conveying the washed fresh bamboo chips to a tearing and kneading machine for tearing and kneading into fine bamboo filament materials, wherein the diameter of the bamboo filament materials is less than 2 mm;
B. steaming and decocting the bamboo filament material: according to the bamboo filament material: water = 1: 2-8, heating bamboo filament materials and water in an extraction tank, wherein the extraction tank is provided with an inner tank body and an outer tank body, a heating cavity is arranged between the inner tank body and the outer tank body of the extraction tank, the inner tank body of the extraction tank is used for storing the bamboo filament materials and the water, the outer tank body of the extraction tank is made of a heat insulating material, high-temperature high-pressure steam is introduced into the heating cavity of the extraction tank and the bamboo filament materials and the water in the extraction tank are heated during heating, a steam release valve of the extraction tank is opened firstly during heating until the water in the extraction tank is naturally boiled, then the steam release valve of the extraction tank is closed, and the high-temperature high-pressure steam is continuously introduced for heating; when the pressure in the extraction tank reaches 0.1Mpa, stopping heating and opening a steam release valve to release part of steam and air in the extraction tank; when the pressure in the extraction tank is reduced to 0.05Mpa, closing the steam release valve and heating the bamboo filament material and water in the extraction tank again, and when the pressure in the extraction tank is increased to 0.1-0.4 Mpa, continuing heating and preserving heat for 30-120 minutes;
C. and (3) enzymolysis treatment: after the heat preservation is finished, discharging by adopting a full-pressure blowing mode, then carrying out material-liquid separation, wherein the separated liquid is an extracting solution A, and conveying the extracting solution A to a liquid storage tank by using a pump; adding 0.2-0.4% by weight of xylanase into the separated material, and carrying out enzymolysis treatment, wherein the enzymolysis time is 1-4 hours, and the enzymolysis temperature is 30-60 ℃;
D. c, feeding the material subjected to enzymolysis into a bamboo fiber softening machine for softening treatment to obtain a softened material, feeding the softened material into a high-concentration pulping machine for treatment, directly feeding hot water with the weight of 2-5 times and at the temperature of 70-90 ℃ into a mixing conveyor for uniform mixing, then conveying the mixed material and liquid to a bamboo fiber presser for pressing treatment to obtain liquid as an extracting solution B, wherein the obtained pressed material is a semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber, and the dryness of the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber is more than 30%;
E. d, feeding the semi-finished bamboo pulp fibers obtained in the step D into a mixing conveyor, adding bamboo fiber treatment enzyme with the weight ratio of 0.1-0.2% into the mixing conveyor, mixing the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme with the mixing conveyor, and conveying the mixture to an enzymolysis bin for enzymolysis for 2-3 hours at the enzymolysis temperature of 30-50 ℃; and (3) conveying the material subjected to enzymolysis to a dryer by a conveyor for drying to obtain bamboo pulp fibers, wherein the dryness of the bamboo pulp fibers is over 90%.
3. The method of preparing bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme in the step E is used for removing lignin in the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber and activating the fiber so that the fiber structure of the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber becomes loose and soft, and the water absorption swelling and fibrosis degree of the bamboo fiber is improved; meanwhile, the bamboo fiber treatment enzyme also acts on a p layer and an s1 layer of a fiber cell wall, so that the cohesion of the fiber is reduced, and the hydrogen bonding force of the fiber is increased.
4. The method of preparing bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo extract from bamboo as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and (B) before the bamboo chips are conveyed to the bamboo chip cutting machine, removing worm damage and mottled bamboo sticks from the fresh bamboo sticks.
5. Use of bamboo pulp fibers obtained by the method of claim 1, characterized in that: and D, using the semi-finished bamboo pulp fiber obtained in the step D or the bamboo pulp fiber obtained in the step E as a paper pulp raw material, or bleaching the raw material by a chemical method to obtain bleached pulp.
6. Use of bamboo extract obtained by the method of claim 1, characterized in that: can be used as raw material for producing medicine, food, health product, beverage, or additive for producing feed.
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