CN110968944A - Method for displaying and operating CAD drawing at Web front end - Google Patents
Method for displaying and operating CAD drawing at Web front end Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for displaying and operating CAD (computer-aided design) drawings at a Web front end, wherein a server end encapsulates CAD drawing files into an agreed data exchange format and sends the data exchange format to the Web front end which makes a request; the Web front end converts the data exchange format into an SVG file; the Web front end calls an operation command to operate the SVG graphics primitives displayed on the Web front end, and the Web front end modifies the displayed SVG graphics primitives according to the operation command; the Web front end records the operation command or stores the modified SVG file; packaging the operation command or the SVG file into the data exchange format and transmitting the data exchange format back to a server; and the server side analyzes the data exchange format and converts the data exchange format into a CAD drawing or modifies the CAD drawing according to the operation instruction adaptive to the operation command. The method of the invention can be displayed and modified on the Web.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for displaying and operating a CAD drawing at a Web front end.
Background
Between a server end of a network node and a Web front end (terminal), or between terminals, a given plug-in is mostly needed for display and operation with a CAD (computer aided Design) drawing as an object to support, and currently, a Canvas object is mostly used for Web front end display without plug-in support of CAD. Canvas, which is a label added for the first time by HTML5, is mainly used for generating images in real time on web pages and can operate image contents, and theoretically Canvas can form a bitmap (bitmap) which can be operated by JavaScript.
For bitmaps, it is not possible to achieve undistorted zoomed viewing of the displayed drawing. In addition, for a Canvas, only a CAD object can be displayed, and cannot be modified at a Web end, and particularly, the Canvas can only display a CAD graphic primitive, but cannot display more related information hidden in a drawing according to the drawing.
Typically, chinese patent document CN109410346A discloses a method for editing a three-dimensional building model on line, which employs a Canvas technology of H5 (i.e. HTML 5) in an editable area, and mainly uses the Canvas to render basic units of a CAD drawing, but cannot modify CAD primitives.
Chinese patent document CN107368622A discloses a method for on-line browsing of CAD drawings, which directly copies the CAD drawings into a Flash element (movie clip), performs vector amplification on the CAD drawings by means of an action script program of Flash software, and drags the changing size of the drawings with a mouse or a touch screen, that is, determines the vector amplification range in advance. And then, an SWF file is made, and the SWF file is installed on a browser in the form of a browser plug-in, so that the CAD drawing can be viewed through the browser plug-in. On one hand, the method needs plug-in support and is not good in use convenience. In addition, the so-called vector amplification is also only pseudo-vector amplification and is limited by the amplification range determined by the original production.
Similarly, chinese patent document CN103678807A discloses a three-dimensional visualization mode based on a built-in web browser, which relies on embedding drawing browsing controls of various manufacturers in an HTML file to browse drawings with different CAD formats. It is expected that the integration of the drawing browsing controls of various manufacturers into the browser is not practical, the browser controls of a single manufacturer range from tens of Mb to hundreds of Mb, and the browser is difficult to embed more such controls, in other words, the integration cannot be realized at all.
As can be seen from the foregoing content, for a CAD drawing, browsing or simple display can be mostly realized at the front end of the Web, and the operation on the CAD drawing is limited to simple vector amplification of the drawing, but the CAD drawing cannot be modified.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for displaying and operating a CAD drawing on a Web front end, which can be displayed and modified on the Web.
In the embodiment of the invention, a method for displaying and operating a CAD drawing at a Web front end is provided, wherein an operation command aiming at the CAD drawing displayed at the Web front end is packaged to be in one-to-one correspondence with an instruction of CAD drawing operation; the method comprises the following steps:
a Web front end makes a request;
the server side responds to the request, extracts the CAD drawing file, packages the CAD drawing file into an agreed data exchange format and sends the data exchange format to the Web front end which provides the request;
the Web front end converts the obtained data exchange format into an SVG file;
the Web front end calls an operation command to operate the SVG graphics primitives displayed on the Web front end, and the Web front end modifies the displayed SVG graphics primitives according to the operation command; the Web front end records the operation command or stores the modified SVG file;
packaging the operation command or the SVG file into the data exchange format and transmitting the data exchange format back to a server;
and the server side analyzes the data exchange format and converts the data exchange format into a CAD drawing or modifies the CAD drawing according to the operation instruction adaptive to the operation command.
Optionally, the CAD drawing data packaged by the server side is all CAD primitives of the CAD drawing and attribute values of the CAD primitives.
Optionally, the data exchange format is a Json data format.
Optionally, the attribute value includes a coordinate value of a CAD primitive, and at the front end of the Web, the SVG coordinate value and the SVG primitive are adapted according to the coordinate value to reconstruct a drawing.
Optionally, the operation command is adapted to an operation instruction of the CAD, and is displayed at the front end of the Web in the form of a button, and the button responds to a mouse operation to implement the same operation as the operation instruction of the CAD.
Optionally, the operation command for the current SVG primitive is bound, and is used for displaying the operation of the SVG primitive at the front end of the Web and modifying the primitive in the background CAD drawing when being transmitted back to the server segment.
Optionally, the operation on the SVG primitive comprises adding a new SVG primitive;
binding an SVG (scalable vector graphics) primitive displayed at the Web front end with the primitive data of the CAD drawing stored in the background;
when an SVG primitive is newly added at the front end of the Web, modifying background data in real time at the background, and binding the modified background data with the newly added SVG primitive.
Optionally, the binding between the SVG graphics primitive displayed at the front end of the Web and the flange data of the CAD drawing stored in the background is the binding through the CAD drawing ID.
In the embodiment of the invention, a data exchange format is used for converting different data formats between a foreground and a background, a CAD drawing stored at the background (a server end) is converted into an SVG file which can be processed by the foreground, the SVG is an abbreviation of scalable vector Graphics, namely a vector graphic which is a vector graphic and can scale SVG primitives at the foreground (a Web front end), and the definition of the vector graphic is not influenced by scaling, which is an inherent attribute of the vector graphic. SVG is a Web alliance standard and strictly follows XML syntax, namely all browsers support SVG, so that in the embodiment of the invention, CAD drawings can be displayed on the Web foreground without providing special plug-ins. SVG and Java can run together, have interactivity and dynamics, support DOM (Document Object Model) completely, can carry out operations including adding, deleting and modifying SVG graphics primitives. And then, after the SVG graphics primitive is modified and stored by the foreground, the SVG graphics primitive can be packaged and transmitted back to the background, and the CAD drawing stored in the background is modified.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for displaying and operating a CAD drawing on a WEB front end in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for displaying and operating a CAD drawing on a WEB front end in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the embodiment of the present invention, two basic components relying on the Web (world wide Web), one is SVG, and the other is Json under JavaScript, where the former is described in more detail in the foregoing, which is a Web alliance standard, belongs to the common knowledge in the field, and is not described herein again. For the latter, Json, which is an abbreviation for JavaScript Object Notation, Chinese, normally expressed as a JavaScript Object numbered Notation or a JS Object numbered Notation, is a lightweight data exchange format, and Json stores and represents data in a text format that is completely independent of the programming language, based on a subset of ECMAScript (JS Specification specified by the European computer Association). The compact and clear hierarchy makes JSON an ideal data exchange language. The network transmission method is easy to read and write by people, is easy to analyze and generate by machines, and effectively improves the network transmission efficiency.
Json is a lightweight data exchange format, and it is understood that other types of data exchange formats may be used by those skilled in the art for conversion between different types of data. This is common knowledge in the art, and different entities may be configured differently according to the technical environment of the company on the basis of the contents described in the present invention.
In contrast, Json can not only use high-level language parsing, but also easily perform machine parsing, and thus, is relatively widely used.
In addition, Json is a subset under JavaScript, and JavaScript is the inherent configuration of the browser, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, the encapsulation and the parsing efficiency by using JavaScript are higher, and the probability of generating bug is lowest.
Although there are various CAD drawing formats, the dwg format generated by AutoCAD is mainly used, and any other CAD software can generate the dwg format.
SVG mainly supports only 2D (two-dimensional) drawing operations, so in the embodiment of the present invention, a CAD drawing on which a Web front end can operate is a 2D drawing.
Generally, a user side or a Web front end, also called a foreground, sends a link request to a server side, links to a relevant server, finds a relevant CAD drawing, and tries to open, as if the CAD drawing is opened locally, the operation on the CAD drawing is actually based on the Web.
In the embodiment of the invention, the operation commands aiming at the CAD drawing displayed at the Web front end are packaged to be in one-to-one correspondence with the instructions of the CAD drawing operation. It should be noted that the operation commands executed by the Web front end are relatively fewer than the operation commands executed by the CAD space, and it is obvious that the Web front end does not need very complicated operations, and in particular, the right opened by the server to the Web front end is often very few, and appears as simple zooming and moving in more applications. Therefore, the problem of setting the foreground operation command buttons in the subsequent content is involved, and it can be understood that the operation commands provided for the foreground are not too many, the number of the corresponding buttons is relatively limited, and the influence on the overall layout of the webpage is small.
If the server is an internal server of a company, higher authority can be opened for some terminals, for example, CAD drawings can be modified.
Further, the Web front end makes a request to the server, and the server may determine the authority of the Web front end to be accessed first, and determine the service that can be opened to the Web front end according to the authority of the Web front end.
And the server extracts the corresponding CAD drawing file according to the request of the user side, analyzes the CAD drawing file based on JavaScript and analyzes all CAD objects and attribute values thereof contained in the CAD drawing file.
And after the CAD file is analyzed by the server side, all the object data are encapsulated into Json data to generate a Json file, and then the Json file is sent to a Web front end, namely a user side, which makes a request.
And analyzing all CAD objects and attribute values thereof in the Json data by the user side by adopting a Javascript, converting the coordinates of the CAD objects into the coordinates of a local SVG object, and drawing a CAD drawing in the SVG space, namely reconstructing the CAD drawing in the SVG space and expressing the CAD drawing as the SVG drawing.
For SVG, as mentioned above, the space itself belongs to the vector space, and the corresponding drawing is the vector drawing, so that the scaling does not affect the image quality.
Furthermore, by using the method for packaging, enlarging and reducing the SVG drawing by using the Javascript script, it can be understood that the SVG has a specific manual, technicians in the field can read the manual, various drawing elements are defined in the manual, the drawing elements comprise various elements of the SVG drawing primitives, and the JavaScript can directly package the drawing elements in the SVG to adapt to users with different authorities.
Furthermore, based on the operation command determined by packaging the SVG primitives, the whole image can be zoomed in and out without distortion by sliding a mouse wheel, and the image can be viewed globally or the image details can be viewed.
For the users with low authority, the operations can be viewed but not performed, for the users with medium authority, the scaling viewing of the SVG primitives can be opened, and for the users with high authority, the operations on the SVG primitives can comprise more operations, such as dragging, moving, deleting, replacing, adding and modifying the SVG primitives. And binding the generated SVG primitive operation command with the CAD primitive operation command.
Based on the foregoing, the SVG space can be defined by JavaScript, and in a preferred embodiment, the toolbar is customized in the SVG space, and the corresponding toolbar is given based on the user authority with reference to the basic operation of the CAD drawing.
The Javascript generates various types of primitives according to Json data of the CAD drawing, and the primitives are dragged to the generated SVG drawing in the SVG space in the toolbar so as to realize the function of adding the newly added primitives.
The foregoing content may implement an operation function on the CAD drawing at the front end of the Web. And setting an export button, and analyzing the currently displayed SVG image by using Javascript to generate new Json file data.
And transmitting Json file data back to a background, namely a server side, and modifying the stored corresponding CAD drawing by the server side.
In some embodiments, the CAD drawings stored on the server side may be performed in real time, and it is understood that the server side and the client side are generally in an interactive link.
In some embodiments, the operation for drawing modification is shown in the foreground as a modification to the foreground SVG drawing, while the operation command is stored, generating an operation command stream. When the SVG drawing is stored in the foreground, the operation command stream is transmitted back to the background, and the background converts the received operation command stream into the operation command stream to finish the modification of the stored CAD drawing.
In some embodiments, the ID of the rendered SVG primitives are tied to background data (stored by database data) to reveal hidden information of more of the original CAD image.
The binding of the ID may be between foreground data and background data, and the ID is expressed as the ID of the background data.
Based on the foregoing, it can be seen that, according to the embodiments of the present invention:
the CAD drawing can be displayed without distortion without installing CAD plug-ins at a front-end user side, and the drawing display is smooth.
Because the drawing and the event monitoring are drawn in the SVG control by adopting the Javascript language, the method can be compatible with all mainstream browsers at present.
The method has the advantages that the CAD drawings can be displayed only by supporting the operating platform and the system of the browser, cross-platform and cross-system display of the CAD drawings is achieved, compatibility is good, all platforms are developed and operated at one time, and development and popularization are easy.
Claims (8)
1. A method for displaying and operating a CAD drawing at a Web front end is characterized in that an operation command aiming at the CAD drawing displayed at the Web front end is packaged to be in one-to-one correspondence with an instruction of CAD drawing operation; the method comprises the following steps:
a Web front end makes a request;
the server side responds to the request, extracts the CAD drawing file, packages the CAD drawing file into an agreed data exchange format and sends the data exchange format to the Web front end which provides the request;
the Web front end converts the obtained data exchange format into an SVG file;
the Web front end calls an operation command to operate the SVG graphics primitives displayed on the Web front end, and the Web front end modifies the displayed SVG graphics primitives according to the operation command; the Web front end records the operation command or stores the modified SVG file;
packaging the operation command or the SVG file into the data exchange format and transmitting the data exchange format back to a server;
and the server side analyzes the data exchange format and converts the data exchange format into a CAD drawing or modifies the CAD drawing according to the operation instruction adaptive to the operation command.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the CAD drawing data packaged at the server side is all CAD primitives of the CAD drawing and attribute values of the CAD primitives.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the data exchange format is the Json data format.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the attribute values include coordinate values of CAD primitives, and at the Web front end, SVG coordinate values and SVG primitive reconstruction drawings are first adapted based on the coordinate values.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the operation command is adapted to the operation instruction of the CAD and is displayed on the Web front end in the form of a button, and the button is responsive to the mouse operation to implement the same operation as the operation instruction of the CAD.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the operating commands for the current SVG primitives are bound for operation of the SVG primitives exposed at the Web front end and for modification of the primitives in the background CAD drawing when passed back to the server segment.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the manipulation of SVG primitives comprises adding new SVG primitives;
binding an SVG (scalable vector graphics) primitive displayed at the Web front end with the primitive data of the CAD drawing stored in the background;
when an SVG primitive is newly added at the front end of the Web, modifying background data in real time at the background, and binding the modified background data with the newly added SVG primitive.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the binding between the SVG primitives displayed on the Web front end and the flange data of the CAD drawing stored in the background is a binding by the CAD drawing ID.
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