CN110963002A - Method for exploration drilling of ship water engineering - Google Patents
Method for exploration drilling of ship water engineering Download PDFInfo
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- CN110963002A CN110963002A CN201811156430.7A CN201811156430A CN110963002A CN 110963002 A CN110963002 A CN 110963002A CN 201811156430 A CN201811156430 A CN 201811156430A CN 110963002 A CN110963002 A CN 110963002A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B35/4413—Floating drilling platforms, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for exploration and drilling of ship water engineering. The method for exploration drilling of ship water engineering comprises the following steps: 1. preparing a ship for exploration drilling, 2, building a platform, 3, installing a drilling machine, 4, anchoring and positioning, 5, running in a casing, 6, drilling, 7, pulling out the casing, 8 and anchoring. The method has the advantages that the construction period of the exploration operation platform is short, the efficiency is high, the installation mode of the drilling machine is flexible, the stability of the drilling platform is good, the appearance of the exploration ship is not changed, the ship channel cannot be excessively occupied, and the influence on the operation of other ships is small.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water exploration, in particular to a water drilling exploration technology.
Background
When the engineering exploration operation on the water of Yangtze river, lake and inland river is carried out, a drilling operation platform is built, and generally 2 ships with the same tonnage (generally 15-60T, mostly paddle hanging machines) and basically equal distances between hatches and the water surface are selected as ships for the exploration platform, or a welding platform of a large-tonnage (more than 150T) iron barge is selected for reconstruction. In the process of building the platform, channel steel, log or steel pipe, steel wire rope or palm rope and wood plate are generally adopted, and the channel steel, the log or the steel pipe, the steel wire rope or the palm rope and the wood plate are integrated through tying, welding and the like so as to facilitate drilling construction operation. Along with the improvement of inland navigation ship transportation and transportation standard and the further enhancement of ecological civilization construction, high-pollution ships such as paddle hanging machines and the like are not allowed to navigate in inland rivers, ships below 60T are gradually reduced, in addition, in the process of building a ship drilling platform, a large amount of raw materials such as steel and wood are consumed, the workload of building the platform is large, the safety risk is large, the labor intensity is high, the period is long, the production efficiency, the cost and the construction period of exploration operation are directly influenced, in addition, when hole site migration passes through barriers such as bridges and aerial electric wires, a great deal of difficulty is faced, and in addition, due to the fact that the adverse factors such as the original transportation function of the ships are influenced by building the platform, a novel overwater exploration operation method needs to be selected to.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for surveying the borehole on water by a surveying vessel, which is quick and simple to build a platform.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for exploration drilling of ship water engineering, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a vessel for exploration drilling: preparing an iron barge of 80-150 tons as a drilling operation ship, cutting a hole at the bottom of a cabin, welding a vertically upward guide pipe on the hole, arranging the guide pipe on the center line of a middle cabin ship body of the ship, wherein the guide pipe is a seamless steel pipe, and the top of the guide pipe is provided with a flange matched with an exploration sleeve;
(2) building a platform: a platform is built in the cabin or the cabin surface,
a. when a platform is built in the cabin, arranging machine leg wood at the position where a drilling machine is placed at the bottom of the cabin, paving a wood board on the upper side of the machine leg wood to form a 3 x 4m platform, and nailing the wood board firmly by using a stud;
b. when a platform is built on a deck, 3-4 round timbers or steel pipes are transversely placed in parallel at a ship hatch, the distance between the round timbers or the steel pipes is determined according to the positions of a drilling machine chassis and a drilling tower foot rest, the two ends of the round timbers or the steel pipes exceed the hatch by about 25cm, when the round timbers are adopted, the slightly diameter of the round timbers is larger than 200mm, when the steel pipes are adopted, the diameter of the steel pipes is larger than 146mm, a plank with the thickness of 6cm is longitudinally paved above the round timbers or the steel pipes to form a 4 x 7m platform, and the plank is firmly fixed;
(3) installing a drilling machine: installing a drilling machine on a wood board platform, wherein the center of a vertical shaft of the drilling machine, the center of a steel wire rope at the top of a frame and the center of a guide pipe are on the same vertical line, fixing the drilling machine firmly after leveling, fixing a chassis of the drilling machine and a drilling frame foot firmly by using a horse nail and an iron wire after the installation of the drilling machine is finished, and tightening and fixing the drilling frame firmly from the top to 4 directions on two sides of a ship body respectively by using 4 tightening ropes;
(4) anchoring and positioning: the iron barge is provided with 5 iron anchors which are respectively 1 front main anchor, 2 front anchors and 2 rear anchors, the front main anchor rope is positioned in the middle of the bow and is consistent with the water flow direction or is positioned in the upwind direction, the anchor ropes of the front side anchor and the rear side anchor are mutually in a splayed shape, on the two sides of the bow and the stern, when the drilling position is close to the bank, the front side anchor and the rear side anchor are thrown on the bank, the front main anchor is thrown by a working ship in the throwing order, the front side anchor and the rear side anchor are thrown by a traffic ship in sequence, and after each anchor is thrown, the position of the iron barge is adjusted by collecting and releasing each anchor rope, so that the drilling position is determined;
(5) and (3) casing pipe setting: firstly measuring the water depth of a drilling position, configuring the total length of a casing and the penetration depth according to the water depth and sampling requirements, and inserting the casing into an underwater stratum from a guide pipe, when water flow turbulence is met, adopting a heavy hammer falling method or a protective rope traction method at the lower end of the casing to ensure that the casing is accurately positioned, striking the top end of the casing after the casing is inserted into the underwater soil layer after the casing is inserted into the water bottom, and determining the penetration depth of the casing according to the soil quality condition of the water bottom, wherein the penetration depth of a hard soil layer is 1-2 m; the depth of the soft soil and the loose sand soil is 2-6 m;
(6) drilling: measuring the coordinates and the elevation of the point position of a drilling hole on site, checking the coordinates and the elevation with hydrological and tidal data of a construction area, putting a drilling rod into a casing through a drilling machine, driving the drilling rod to rotate by the drilling machine, carrying out drilling operation on an underwater stratum by a drill bit at the end part of the drilling rod, recording and analyzing the drilling process, carrying out sampling analysis and recording on the stratum, recording and synchronously measuring water depth fluctuation change data when the stratum changes, and accurately calculating the layer change and the drilling depth;
(7) pulling the sleeve: finishing hole drilling, sealing the drilled hole, pulling out the sleeve after the hole is drilled, firstly slowly trial lifting by a winch of a drilling machine, simultaneously manually rotating the pipe column by using a pipe twisting clamp, impacting the sleeve up and down when the lifting resistance is very large, checking the fixing condition of the drilling machine, the operation platform and the anchor rope while impacting, and finally pulling out the sleeve by using a jack to finish the pulling out of the sleeve;
(8) and (3) anchoring: the operation platform material and the tool are well arranged, so that the anchor rope and the anchor have enough placing positions during anchor lifting, the anchor lifting operation is carried out in order and in sequence after the test operation of the working ship and the anchor lifting machine is normal, and the anchor lifting sequence is carried out according to the sequence of back throwing and first lifting.
The weight of the front main anchor is 100-200 kg, the weight of the side front anchor and the side rear anchor is about 50-100 kg, the anchor type is a four-claw anchor, and when silt or a loose soil layer exists at the bottom of the water, a sharp steel plate with the length of 50cm and the width of 20cm is additionally welded on the anchor claw, so that the iron anchor can more effectively grasp the soil layer.
The length of the anchor rope is not less than 6 times of the actual measured water depth on site.
The sleeve is a geological steel pipe with the diameter of 127-168 mm, the length of the sleeve is 1.0-4.0 m, and short sleeves with the lengths of 0.20m and 0.50m are arranged. The sleeves with different lengths are convenient to connect and detach when the water level changes.
The heavy hammer falling method is used for an underwater hard rock stratum into which a sleeve cannot be inserted, a rigid check ring is arranged on the outer wall surface of the lower end of the sleeve, the heavy hammer falls, a through hole with the diameter matched with the outer diameter of the sleeve is formed in the center of the heavy hammer, the heavy hammer is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve and placed on the upper side of the check ring, the gravity of the lower end of the sleeve is increased by the heavy hammer, the gravity center of the overall structure formed by the sleeve and the heavy hammer is located at the lower end of the sleeve, the stability of the sleeve during drilling of a drill bit.
The protection rope traction method is used for an underwater soft stratum into which a sleeve can be inserted, a traction rope is bound at the lower end of the sleeve, the other end of the traction rope is fixed on one side of an operation ship positioned on the upstream of water flow and synchronously loosened in the process of sinking the sleeve, and when the sleeve drifts downstream to cause the sleeve to deflect, the vertical precision of the sleeve is adjusted by tightening or loosening the traction rope.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the exploration operation platform is quickly built; 2, the installation mode of the drilling machine is flexible; 3. the drilling platform has good stability; 4. the appearance of the ship for surveying is not changed, the ship does not occupy too much channel, and the influence on the operation of other ships is small.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following detailed description, which is to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure, and modifications and variations such as those ordinarily skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
1. A method for exploration drilling of marine engineering is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a vessel for exploration drilling: preparing an iron barge of 80-150 tons as a drilling operation ship, cutting a hole at the bottom of a cabin, welding a vertically upward guide pipe on the hole, arranging the guide pipe on the center line of a middle cabin ship body of the ship, wherein the guide pipe is a seamless steel pipe, and the top of the guide pipe is provided with a flange matched with a sleeve for exploration;
(2) building a platform: a platform is built in the cabin or the cabin surface,
a. when a platform is built in the cabin, arranging machine leg wood at the position where a drilling machine is placed at the bottom of the cabin, paving a wood board on the upper side of the machine leg wood to form a 3 x 4m platform, and nailing the wood board firmly by using a stud;
b. when a platform is built on a deck, 3-4 round timbers or steel pipes are transversely placed in parallel at a ship hatch, the distance between the round timbers or the steel pipes is determined according to the positions of a drilling machine chassis and a drilling tower foot rest, the two ends of the round timbers or the steel pipes exceed the hatch by about 25cm, when the round timbers are adopted, the slightly diameter of the round timbers is larger than 200mm, when the steel pipes are adopted, the diameter of the steel pipes is larger than 146mm, a plank with the thickness of 6cm is longitudinally paved above the round timbers or the steel pipes to form a 4 x 7m platform, and the plank is firmly fixed;
(3) installing a drilling machine: installing a drilling machine on a wood board platform, wherein the center of a vertical shaft of the drilling machine, the center of a steel wire rope at the top of a frame and the center of a guide pipe are on the same vertical line, fixing the drilling machine firmly after leveling, fixing a chassis of the drilling machine and a drilling frame foot firmly by using a horse nail and an iron wire after the installation of the drilling machine is finished, and tightening and fixing the drilling frame firmly from the top to 4 directions on two sides of a ship body respectively by using 4 guy ropes;
(4) anchoring and positioning: the iron barge is provided with 5 iron anchors which are respectively 1 front main anchor, 2 front anchors and 2 rear anchors, the weight of the front main anchor is 100-200 kg, the weight of the front side anchor and the rear side anchor is about 50-100 kg, the anchor type is a four-claw anchor, when silt or soft soil layer exists at the bottom of the water, a sharp steel plate with the length of 50cm and the width of 20cm is additionally welded on an anchor claw, so that the iron anchor can more effectively grasp the soil layer, the front main anchor rope is positioned in the middle of the bow and is consistent with the water flow direction or in the upwind direction, the length of the anchor rope is not less than 6 times of the actually measured water depth on site, the anchor ropes of the front side anchor and the rear side anchor are mutually in a shape like Chinese character 'ba', when the drilling positions are close to the sides of the stern, the front side anchor and the rear side anchor are positioned on the shore, the front main anchor and the rear anchor are thrown by a working ship in sequence, then the front side anchor and the rear anchor are thrown by a traffic ship, after each anchor is thrown, each anchor rope is adjusted to be the position, thereby positioning the drilling hole;
(5) and (3) casing pipe setting: the sleeve is a geological steel pipe with the diameter of 127-168 mm, the length of the sleeve is 1.0-4.0 m, the sleeve is provided with short sleeves with the lengths of 0.20m and 0.50m, the depth of water at the position of a drill hole is measured firstly, the total length and the penetration depth of the inserted sleeve are configured according to the depth of water and sampling requirements, the sleeve is inserted into an underwater stratum from a guide pipe, when the sleeve is in a turbulent condition due to water flow, a heavy hammer falling method or a protective rope traction method is adopted at the lower end of the sleeve to ensure the sleeve to be accurately positioned, the heavy hammer falling method is used for the underwater hard stratum into which the sleeve cannot be inserted, a rigid check ring is arranged on the outer wall surface of the lower end of the sleeve for falling the heavy hammer along the circumferential direction, the heavy hammer is a metal cylinder, a through hole with the diameter matched with the outer diameter of the sleeve is arranged at the center of the heavy hammer, the heavy, the stability of the sleeve during the drilling of the drill bit is improved, and the sleeve is prevented from displacement; the protection rope traction method is used for an underwater soft stratum into which a sleeve can be inserted, a traction rope is bound at the lower end of the sleeve, the other end of the traction rope is fixed on one side of an operation ship positioned at the upstream of water flow and is synchronously loosened in the process of sinking the sleeve, and when the sleeve drifts downstream to cause the deflection of the sleeve, the vertical precision of the sleeve is adjusted by tightening or loosening the traction rope; striking the top end of the sleeve after the sleeve is lowered to the water bottom, and driving the lower end of the sleeve into an underwater soil layer, wherein the soil penetration depth of the sleeve is determined according to the soil quality of the water bottom, and the soil penetration depth of the hard soil layer is 1-2 m; the depth of the soft soil and the loose sand soil is 2-6 m;
(6) drilling: measuring the coordinates and elevation of the point positions of the drill holes on site, checking the coordinates and elevation with hydrological and tidal data of a construction area, putting a drill rod into a casing through a drilling machine, driving the drill rod to rotate by the drilling machine, drilling the underwater stratum by a drill bit at the end part of the drill rod, recording and analyzing the drilling process, sampling, analyzing and recording the stratum, recording and synchronously measuring water depth fluctuation change data when the stratum changes, and accurately calculating the layer change and drilling depth;
(7) pulling the sleeve: finishing hole drilling, sealing the drilled hole, pulling out the sleeve after the hole is drilled, firstly slowly trial lifting by a winch of a drilling machine, simultaneously manually rotating the pipe column by using a pipe twisting clamp, impacting the sleeve up and down when the lifting resistance is very large, checking the fixing condition of the drilling machine, the operation platform and the anchor rope while impacting, and finally pulling out the sleeve by using a jack to finish the pulling out of the sleeve;
(8) and (3) anchoring: the operation platform material and the tool are well arranged, so that the anchor rope and the anchor have enough placing positions during anchor lifting, the anchor lifting operation is carried out in order and in sequence after the test operation of the working ship and the anchor lifting machine is normal, and the anchor lifting sequence is carried out according to the sequence of back throwing and first lifting.
The method for exploring and drilling the marine engineering on the ship has the following advantages that:
1. the exploration operation platform is quickly built, the material consumption of the built platform is small, the method is simple, the time consumption is short, the working efficiency is high, and the manpower, material resources and financial resources are saved;
2. the installation mode of the drilling machine is flexible, the drilling machine can be installed in a ship hatch or a cabin according to the site conditions of the water engineering and the drilling technical requirements, the drilling machine is installed in the cabin, the height of a drilling tower can be reduced, and the drilling machine can smoothly pass through when the air above a channel meets river-crossing obstacles such as bridges, electric wires and the like;
3. the drilling platform has good stability, the drill hole guide pipe is arranged on the central axis in the ship cabin, and during exploration operation, the drill hole sleeve is put into an underwater stratum through the guide pipe in the cabin to carry out drilling construction;
4. the normal navigation of boats and ships is not influenced, this method adopts at the inboard welding drilling stand pipe of boats and ships, the drill sleeve pipe gets into the stratum under water through the stand pipe, probing sample and normal position test are gone on through the sleeve pipe, after the drilling operation, through the airtight direction mouth of pipe with the flange, boats and ships can resume functions such as original shipping fast, the secondary is when prospecting the operation, through dismantling direction mouth of pipe flange cover, can build drilling platform fast and carry out engineering exploration on water, and survey boats and ships body appearance and not change, do not influence the normal navigation of boats and ships, when exploring in narrow channel, it is few to occupy the channel, it is little to other boats and ships navigation influences, the emergence of accidents such as boats and ships sea damage has been reduced.
Claims (6)
1. A method for exploration drilling of marine engineering is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a vessel for exploration drilling: preparing an iron barge of 80-150 tons as a drilling operation ship, cutting a hole at the bottom of a cabin, welding a vertically upward guide pipe on the hole, arranging the guide pipe on the center line of a middle cabin ship body of the ship, wherein the guide pipe is a seamless steel pipe, and the top of the guide pipe is provided with a flange matched with an exploration sleeve;
(2) building a platform: a platform is built in the cabin or the cabin surface,
a. when a platform is built in the cabin, arranging machine leg wood at the position where a drilling machine is placed at the bottom of the cabin, paving a wood board on the upper side of the machine leg wood to form a 3 x 4m platform, and nailing the wood board firmly by using a stud;
b. when a platform is built on a deck, 3-4 round timbers or steel pipes are transversely placed in parallel at a ship hatch, the distance between the round timbers or the steel pipes is determined according to the positions of a drilling machine chassis and a drilling tower foot rest, the two ends of the round timbers or the steel pipes exceed the hatch by about 25cm, when the round timbers are adopted, the slightly diameter of the round timbers is larger than 200mm, when the steel pipes are adopted, the diameter of the steel pipes is larger than 146mm, a plank with the thickness of 6cm is longitudinally paved above the round timbers or the steel pipes to form a 4 x 7m platform, and the plank is firmly fixed;
(3) installing a drilling machine: installing a drilling machine on a wood board platform, wherein the center of a vertical shaft of the drilling machine, the center of a steel wire rope at the top of a frame and the center of a guide pipe are on the same vertical line, fixing the drilling machine firmly after leveling, fixing a chassis of the drilling machine and a drilling frame foot firmly by using a horse nail and an iron wire after the installation of the drilling machine is finished, and tightening and fixing the drilling frame firmly from the top to 4 directions on two sides of a ship body respectively by using 4 tightening ropes;
(4) anchoring and positioning: the iron barge is provided with 5 iron anchors which are respectively 1 front main anchor, 2 front anchors and 2 rear anchors, the front main anchor rope is positioned in the middle of the bow and is consistent with the water flow direction or is positioned in the upwind direction, the anchor ropes of the front side anchor and the rear side anchor are mutually in a splayed shape, on the two sides of the bow and the stern, when the drilling position is close to the bank, the front side anchor and the rear side anchor are thrown on the bank, the front main anchor is thrown by a working ship in the throwing order, the front side anchor and the rear side anchor are thrown by a traffic ship in sequence, and after each anchor is thrown, the position of the iron barge is adjusted by collecting and releasing each anchor rope, so that the drilling position is determined;
(5) and (3) casing pipe setting: firstly measuring the water depth of a drilling position, configuring the total length of a casing and the penetration depth according to the water depth and sampling requirements, and inserting the casing into an underwater stratum from a guide pipe, when water flow turbulence is met, adopting a heavy hammer falling method or a protective rope traction method at the lower end of the casing to ensure that the casing is accurately positioned, striking the top end of the casing after the casing is inserted into the underwater soil layer after the casing is inserted into the water bottom, and determining the penetration depth of the casing according to the soil quality condition of the water bottom, wherein the penetration depth of a hard soil layer is 1-2 m; the depth of the soft soil and the loose sand soil is 2-6 m;
(6) drilling: measuring the coordinates and the elevation of the point position of a drilling hole on site, checking the coordinates and the elevation with hydrological and tidal data of a construction area, putting a drilling rod into a casing through a drilling machine, driving the drilling rod to rotate by the drilling machine, carrying out drilling operation on an underwater stratum by a drill bit at the end part of the drilling rod, recording and analyzing the drilling process, carrying out sampling analysis and recording on the stratum, recording and synchronously measuring water depth fluctuation change data when the stratum changes, and accurately calculating the layer change and the drilling depth;
(7) pulling the sleeve: finishing hole drilling, sealing the drilled hole, pulling out the sleeve after the hole is drilled, firstly slowly trial lifting by a winch of a drilling machine, simultaneously manually rotating the pipe column by using a pipe twisting clamp, impacting the sleeve up and down when the lifting resistance is very large, checking the fixing condition of the drilling machine, the operation platform and the anchor rope while impacting, and finally pulling out the sleeve by using a jack to finish the pulling out of the sleeve;
(8) and (3) anchoring: the operation platform material and the tool are well arranged, so that the anchor rope and the anchor have enough placing positions during anchor lifting, the anchor lifting operation is carried out in order and in sequence after the test operation of the working ship and the anchor lifting machine is normal, and the anchor lifting sequence is carried out according to the sequence of back throwing and first lifting.
2. The method of marine water engineering exploration drilling of claim 1, wherein: the weight of the front main anchor is 100-200 kg, the weight of the side front anchor and the side rear anchor is about 50-100 kg, the anchor type is a four-claw anchor, and when silt or a loose soil layer exists at the bottom of the water, a sharp steel plate with the length of 50cm and the width of 20cm is additionally welded on the anchor claw, so that the iron anchor can more effectively grasp the soil layer.
3. The method of marine water engineering exploration drilling of claim 1, wherein: the length of the anchor rope is not less than 6 times of the actual measured water depth on site.
4. The method of marine water engineering exploration drilling of claim 1, wherein: the sleeve is a geological steel pipe with the diameter of 127-168 mm, the length of the sleeve is 1.0-4.0 m, and short sleeves with the lengths of 0.20m and 0.50m are arranged.
5. The method of marine water engineering exploration drilling of claim 1, wherein: the heavy hammer falling method is used for an underwater hard rock stratum into which a sleeve cannot be inserted, a rigid check ring is arranged on the outer wall surface of the lower end of the sleeve, the heavy hammer falls, a through hole with the diameter matched with the outer diameter of the sleeve is formed in the center of the heavy hammer, the heavy hammer is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve and placed on the upper side of the check ring, the gravity of the lower end of the sleeve is increased by the heavy hammer, the gravity center of the overall structure formed by the sleeve and the heavy hammer is located at the lower end of the sleeve, the stability of the sleeve during drilling of a drill bit.
6. The method of marine water engineering exploration drilling of claim 1, wherein: the protection rope traction method is used for an underwater soft stratum into which a sleeve can be inserted, a traction rope is bound at the lower end of the sleeve, the other end of the traction rope is fixed on one side of an operation ship positioned on the upstream of water flow and synchronously loosened in the process of sinking the sleeve, and when the sleeve drifts downstream to cause the sleeve to deflect, the vertical precision of the sleeve is adjusted by tightening or loosening the traction rope.
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| CN201811156430.7A CN110963002A (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Method for exploration drilling of ship water engineering |
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| CN201811156430.7A CN110963002A (en) | 2018-09-30 | 2018-09-30 | Method for exploration drilling of ship water engineering |
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| CN114776229A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-22 | 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 | Water area CPTU test system and test method |
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| CN114776229B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2024-01-23 | 中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司 | Water area CPTU test system and test method |
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Application publication date: 20200407 |