CN110961787A - Method for laser deep fusion welding of thick plate - Google Patents
Method for laser deep fusion welding of thick plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110961787A CN110961787A CN201911387264.6A CN201911387264A CN110961787A CN 110961787 A CN110961787 A CN 110961787A CN 201911387264 A CN201911387264 A CN 201911387264A CN 110961787 A CN110961787 A CN 110961787A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/1462—Nozzles; Features related to nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for laser deep fusion welding of a thick plate, which comprises the following steps: step 1, providing a first workpiece and a second workpiece which need to be welded; step 2, accurately butting and clamping the first workpiece and the second workpiece; step 3, providing a laser welding system; step 4, providing a gas column system; and 5, starting the laser welding system, wherein the laser beam vertically irradiates the upper surface of the workpiece, and the sizes of the focused spots of the laser beam are evenly distributed on the first workpiece and the second workpiece. And 6, starting a gas column system, wherein the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun spray inert gas columns, and the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun move synchronously with the laser beam to finish the welding process. The invention has good welding effect and simple process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser welding, in particular to a method for welding a thick plate by laser deep melting.
Background
Laser welding is a high-energy-density welding method using laser as an energy carrier, and is one of important aspects of laser processing technology application, the laser technology is applied to welding, the development of the welding technology is greatly promoted, and the laser welding has the advantages of high welding speed, large depth, small deformation, capability of welding at room temperature or under special conditions, simple welding equipment and devices, and the like, and is widely applied in the industrial field.
With the recent commercial application of ultra-high power high brightness lasers, it has become possible to weld thick plates in a single pass using a laser. The laser deep melting welding is similar to electron beam welding, and has a small hole effect, the welding small hole is continuously pushed along the welding direction, and the molten metal at the melting front flows downwards along the front wall of the small hole and flows backwards around the small hole, so that a welding seam with a large depth-to-width ratio is obtained. However, when a large-thickness flat welding head is welded by laser self-fluxing, the welding process parameter range is extremely narrow, collapse and bottom hump welding beading are easy to form, namely the problem of so-called' leakage on penetration! The fundamental reason is that the molten metal driven by the recoil pressure of local evaporation steam flows downwards at a high speed due to the uneven energy coupling in the pores induced by the wrinkles/steps on the inner walls of the pores, changes the way and flows backwards under the influence of surface tension at the bottom of a welding molten pool, the molten metal flowing backwards continuously is continuously accumulated behind the bottom of the welding molten pool, finally the surface tension is not enough to overcome the gravity of the continuously accumulated molten metal, so that falling liquid drops are formed, the liquid drops continuously grow up, and finally the molten metal is solidified to form bottom hump welding beading.
The invention patent, which is published in 09.12.2015 and has the publication number of "CN 105127595A" and the invention name of "thick plate laser-double-sided arc hybrid welding method", discloses a thick plate laser-double-sided arc hybrid welding method, which solves the problems of weld root defects and the like existing in the conventional welding method when a thick plate is welded. However, the following problems still exist in the technical scheme: the welding process is further complicated by the need to have a predetermined spacing between the point of incidence of the laser beam and the wire end of the welding gun.
The invention patent, which is published in 04.12.2013 and has the publication number of "CN 103418917A" and the invention name of "a method for welding a plate by compounding laser and molten metal", discloses a method for welding a plate by compounding laser and molten metal, which solves the problem that a welding seam collapses and falls off in the process of laser welding of a medium plate, but the technical scheme still has the following problems: the first workpiece and the second workpiece need to be provided with grooves, so that the production efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for welding thick plates by laser deep fusion, aiming at the problems that collapse, bottom hump welding beading and the like are easy to occur in the forming process of a high-power laser self-fusion penetration welding thick plate flat welding head, and the method has good welding effect and simple process.
The invention provides a method for laser deep fusion welding of a thick plate, which comprises the following steps.
And 2, accurately butting and clamping the first workpiece and the second workpiece.
And 3, providing a laser welding system, wherein the laser welding system comprises a laser generator, a transmission optical fiber, a welding manipulator, a laser welding head and a shielding gas nozzle, the laser welding head is connected with the laser generator through the transmission optical fiber and is arranged on the welding manipulator, and the laser welding head and the shielding gas nozzle can move relative to the workpiece.
And 4, providing a gas column system, wherein the gas column system comprises a flatness measuring instrument, a linear motor stator, a linear motor rotor, a first gas spray gun, a second gas spray gun, a third gas spray gun, a first flowmeter, a second flowmeter and a third flowmeter, the flatness measuring instrument is used for collecting flatness values of the back of the workpiece in real time, the linear motor rotor drives the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun to move synchronously with the laser beam, and the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun are arranged below the workpiece and vertically aligned to a welding area of the lower surface of the workpiece.
And 5, starting the laser welding system, wherein the laser beam vertically irradiates the upper surface of the workpiece, and the sizes of the focused spots of the laser beam are evenly distributed on the first workpiece and the second workpiece.
And 6, starting a gas column system, wherein the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun spray inert gas columns, and the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun move synchronously with the laser beam to finish the welding process.
In one embodiment, in step 4, the first gas torch, the second gas torch and the third gas torch are arranged in series along the welding direction.
In one embodiment, in step 4, the diameters D of the outlets of the first gas spraying gun, the second gas spraying gun and the third gas spraying gun are all 0.8-1.2 mm.
In one embodiment, in step 4, the vertical distances h from the outlets of the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun to the lower surface of the workpiece12-5 mm.
In one embodiment, in step 4, the first flow meter, the second flow meter and the third flow meter are connected to the inert gas input pipe through threads and are used for controlling the flow rate of the inert gas input by the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun.
In one embodiment, in step 4, the flatness measurement instrument is disposed under the workpiece and is used to collect flatness values of the back surface of the workpiece in real time.
In one embodiment, in step 4, the gas column system further comprises a gas flow control system, a data acquisition system connected to the flatness measuring instrument, and a computer processing system connected to the data acquisition system and the gas flow control system.
In one embodiment, step 6 includes focusing the laser beam to a laser beam centerline at a distance δ from the axis of the first gas gun1Is 4-5 mm, and the distance delta between the axis of the second gas spray gun and the axis of the first gas spray gun2Is 3-4 mm, and the distance delta between the axis of the third gas spray gun and the axis of the second gas spray gun3Is 3-4 mm.
In one embodiment, in step 6, the gas injected by the first gas injection gun, the second gas injection gun and the third gas injection gun is inert gas, such as argon.
In one embodiment, in step 6, the inert gas injected by the first gas lance, the second gas lance and the third gas lance is blown vertically to the bottom welding molten pool.
In one embodiment, in step 6, the gas flow rates sprayed by the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun are respectively 10-15 l/min, 5-8 l/min and 4-6 l/min.
In one embodiment, in step 6, after the flatness measuring instrument acquires the flatness value of the back surface of the workpiece, the signal is transmitted to a data acquisition system, the data acquisition system converts the image signal acquired by the flatness measuring instrument into an electric signal, and transmits the flatness value to a computer processing system which judges whether the flatness value of the bottom welding pool exceeds the flatness value corresponding to the hump liquid drop, when the flatness value of the bottom welding molten pool exceeds the flatness value corresponding to the hump liquid drop, the computer processing system sends a signal for adjusting the flow output of the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun to the gas flow control system, the flow input of the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun is improved, thereby enhancing the pressure intensity of the inert gas columns sprayed by the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun.
The invention has the advantages of
1) In the invention, inert gas sprayed by a gas column system acts on the bottom welding pool to cause the profile of the bottom welding pool to generate expected deformation, the surface tension of the bottom welding pool is changed, the backward flow of molten metal in the bottom welding pool is changed into the flow in the welding depth direction according to the Marangoni convection effect, the bottom welding pool is shortened, and the generation of bottom hump liquid drops is avoided from the supply angle of the molten metal.
2) In the invention, inert gas sprayed by a gas column system acts on the bottom welding pool to cause the profile of the bottom welding pool to generate expected deformation, thereby increasing the vertical upward component force of the surface tension of the bottom welding pool, effectively balancing the gravity of molten metal and avoiding the formation of bottom hump liquid drops from the angle of force balance.
3) In the invention, the inert gas sprayed by the gas column system acts on the bottom welding pool, and the pressure of the inert gas sprayed by the gas column system is adjusted in real time according to the surface appearance of the bottom welding pool detected on line, so that the profile of the bottom welding pool generates controllable deformation, the dynamic balance of the surface tension of the bottom welding pool and the gravity of molten metal is realized, and the real-time prevention and control of bottom hump liquid drops are realized.
4) The method for welding the thick plate by laser deep melting provided by the invention avoids the welding defects caused by high temperature of the traditional electric arc, greatly reduces the welding defects such as deformation of a weldment, welding cracks, residual stress and the like, and does not need subsequent machining after welding a large-thickness and large-structure part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic layout of equipment and workpieces involved in a method for laser deep-fusion welding of thick plates according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a weld zone in the method of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a laser deep-melt weld zone during formation of a bottom hump flash.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a weld pool of a laser deep fusion weld slab of an unaerated pin column system.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a weld pool in the process of FIG. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a single gas lance.
In the figure: 1. a first workpiece; a second workpiece; 3. a laser generator; 4, a transmission optical fiber; 5, laser welding head; 6. laser beam; 7. welding a manipulator; 8, fixing a bracket; 9. a shielding gas nozzle; 10. an inert gas input pipe; 11. a first gas lance; a second gas lance; a third gas lance; a flatness gauge; a computer processing system; a first flow meter; a second flow meter; a third flow meter; 19. a linear motor mover; 20. a linear motor stator; an inert gas column; a first gas column orifice; a second gas column orifice; 24. a third gas column aperture; 25. direction of molten metal flow in the weld zone; 26. an aperture front wall; 27. welding small holes; 28. a rear wall of the aperture; 29. welding a molten pool; 30. a solidified weld.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-6 and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for laser deep fusion welding of a thick plate, including the following steps.
Optionally, the thickness of the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2 is t >12 mm.
And 2, accurately butting and clamping the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2.
And 3, providing a laser welding system, wherein the laser welding system comprises a laser generator 3, a transmission optical fiber 4, a welding manipulator 7, a laser welding head 5 and a shielding gas nozzle 9, the laser welding head 5 is connected with the laser generator 3 through the transmission optical fiber 4 and is arranged on the welding manipulator 7, and the laser welding head 5 and the shielding gas nozzle 8 can move relative to the workpiece.
Optionally, in the laser welding system, the laser welding head 5 focuses the laser beam 6 to form a laser power greater than 10 kW.
And 4, providing a gas column system, wherein the gas column system comprises a flatness measuring instrument 14, a linear motor stator 20 and a linear motor rotor 19, the first gas spray gun 11, the second gas spray gun 12, the third gas spray gun 13, the first flowmeter 16, the second flowmeter 17 and the third flowmeter 18 are connected to the linear motor rotor 19 through threads, the flatness measuring instrument 14 is used for collecting the flatness value of the back face of the workpiece in real time, the linear motor rotor 19 drives the first gas spray gun 11, the second gas spray gun 12 and the third gas spray gun 13 to move synchronously with the laser beam 6, and the first gas spray gun 11, the second gas spray gun 12 and the third gas spray gun 13 are arranged below the workpiece and vertically aligned with the welding area of the lower surface of the workpiece.
Alternatively, the first gas torch 11, the second gas torch 12, and the third gas torch 13 are arranged in series along the welding direction.
Optionally, the diameters D of the outlets of the first gas spray gun 11, the second gas spray gun 12 and the third gas spray gun 13 are all 0.8-1.2 mm.
Optionally, the vertical distance h1 from the outlets of the first gas spray gun 11, the second gas spray gun 12 and the third gas spray gun 13 to the lower surface of the workpiece is 2-5 mm.
Optionally, the first flow meter 16, the second flow meter 17, and the third flow meter 18 are connected to the inert gas input pipe by a screw thread, and are used to control the flow rate of the inert gas input by the first gas lance 11, the second gas lance 12, and the third gas lance 13.
Optionally, the flatness gauge 14 is disposed below the workpiece and is configured to collect flatness values of the back side of the workpiece in real time.
The gas column system further includes a gas flow control system, a data acquisition system connected to the flatness measuring instrument 14, and a computer processing system 15 connected to the data acquisition system and the gas flow control system.
And 5, starting the laser welding system, enabling the laser beam 6 to vertically radiate the upper surface of the workpiece, and enabling the size of a focused spot of the laser beam 6 to be evenly distributed on the first workpiece 1 and the second workpiece 2.
And 6, starting a gas column system, wherein the first gas spray gun 11, the second gas spray gun 12 and the third gas spray gun 13 spray inert gas columns, and the first gas spray gun 11, the second gas spray gun 12 and the third gas spray gun 13 move synchronously with the laser beam 6 to finish the welding process.
Optionally, the distance δ between the axis of the first gas lance 11 and the centerline of the laser beam 6 focused by the laser welding head 51Is 4-5 mm, and the distance delta between the axis of the second gas spray gun 12 and the axis of the first gas spray gun 112Is 3-4 mm, and the distance delta between the axis of the third gas spray gun 13 and the axis of the second gas spray gun 123Is 3-4 mm.
Optionally, the gas injected by the first gas injection lance 11, the second gas injection lance 12, and the third gas injection lance 13 is an inert gas, such as argon.
Optionally, the inert gas injected from the first gas lance 11, the second gas lance 12, and the third gas lance 13 is blown vertically toward the bottom weld pool.
Optionally, the gas flow rates sprayed by the first gas spray gun 11, the second gas spray gun 12 and the third gas spray gun 13 are respectively 10-15 l/min, 5-8 l/min and 4-6 l/min.
After the flatness measuring instrument 14 collects the flatness value of the back of the workpiece, the signal is transmitted to the data acquisition system, the data acquisition system converts the image signal obtained by the flatness measuring instrument 14 into an electric signal, and transmitted to the computer processing system 15, the computer processing system 15 judges whether the flatness value of the bottom weld pool exceeds the flatness value corresponding to the hump liquid drop, when the flatness value of the bottom welding molten pool exceeds the flatness value corresponding to the hump liquid drop, the computer processing system 15 sends a signal for adjusting the flow output of the first gas spray gun 11, the second gas spray gun 12 and the third gas spray gun 13 to the gas flow control system, improves the flow input of the first gas spray gun 11, the second gas spray gun 12 and the third gas spray gun 13, thereby increasing the pressure of the inert gas columns injected from first gas lance 11, second gas lance 12, and third gas lance 13.
In the invention, inert gas sprayed by a gas column system acts on the bottom welding pool to cause the profile of the bottom welding pool to generate expected deformation, the surface tension of the bottom welding pool is changed, the backward flow of molten metal in the bottom welding pool is changed into the flow in the welding depth direction according to the Marangoni convection effect, the bottom welding pool is shortened, and the generation of bottom hump liquid drops is avoided from the supply angle of the molten metal.
In the present invention, the inert gas injected by the gas column system acts on the bottom weld pool to produce the desired deformation of the bottom weld pool profile. As shown in FIG. 4, when no gas lance is provided below the weld, the contact angle of the molten metal and the workpiece isSurface tensionUpward vertical component of force. As shown in FIG. 5, when a gas lance is provided below the weld, the bottom weld pool profile is deformed as desired to melt the goldThe contact angle of the metal and the workpiece is changed intoSurface tensionUpward vertical component of forceIt is obvious thatThus, therefore, it is. Therefore, the gas spray gun is arranged below the welding seam, so that the vertical upward component force of the surface tension of the bottom welding molten pool is increased, the gravity of the molten metal in the welding molten pool is effectively balanced, and the formation of bottom hump liquid drops is avoided from the angle of force balance.
In the invention, the inert gas sprayed by the gas column system acts on the bottom welding pool, and the pressure of the inert gas sprayed by the gas column system is adjusted in real time according to the surface appearance of the bottom welding pool detected on line, so that the profile of the bottom welding pool generates controllable deformation, the dynamic balance of the surface tension of the bottom welding pool and the gravity of molten metal is realized, and the real-time prevention and control of bottom hump liquid drops are realized.
The method for welding the thick plate by laser deep melting provided by the invention avoids the welding defects caused by high temperature of the traditional electric arc, greatly reduces the welding defects such as deformation of a weldment, welding cracks, residual stress and the like, and does not need subsequent machining after welding a large-thickness and large-structure part.
Claims (7)
1. A method for welding thick plates by laser deep melting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, providing a first workpiece and a second workpiece to be welded, wherein the first workpiece and the second workpiece are both stainless steel plates;
step 2, accurately butting and clamping the first workpiece and the second workpiece;
step 3, providing a laser welding system, wherein the laser welding system comprises a laser generator, a transmission optical fiber, a welding manipulator, a laser welding head and a shielding gas nozzle, the laser welding head is connected with the laser generator through the transmission optical fiber and is arranged on the welding manipulator, and the laser welding head and the shielding gas nozzle can move relative to the workpiece;
step 4, providing a gas column system, wherein the gas column system comprises a flatness measuring instrument, a linear motor stator, a linear motor rotor, a first gas spray gun, a second gas spray gun, a third gas spray gun, a first flowmeter, a second flowmeter and a third flowmeter, the flatness measuring instrument is used for collecting flatness values of the back of a workpiece in real time, the linear motor rotor drives the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun to move synchronously with a laser beam, and the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun are arranged below the workpiece and vertically aligned to a welding area of the lower surface of the workpiece;
step 5, starting a laser welding system, wherein a laser beam vertically irradiates the upper surface of the workpiece, and the sizes of focused light spots of the laser beam are evenly distributed on the first workpiece and the second workpiece;
and 6, starting a gas column system, wherein the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun spray inert gas columns, and the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun move synchronously with the laser beam to finish the welding process.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser deep melting welding of the thick plate comprises: in step 4, the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun are arranged in series along the welding direction.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser deep melting welding of the thick plate comprises: and 4, blowing the inert gases sprayed by the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun to the bottom welding molten pool vertically.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser deep melting welding of the thick plate comprises: in the step 4, the gas flow rates sprayed by the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun are respectively 10-15 l/min, 5-8 l/min and 4-6 l/min.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser deep melting welding of the thick plate comprises: and 4, connecting the first flowmeter, the second flowmeter and the third flowmeter to an inert gas input pipe through threads, and controlling the flow of inert gas input by the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser deep melting welding of the thick plate comprises: and 4, arranging the flatness measuring instrument below the workpiece and collecting the flatness value of the back of the workpiece in real time.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the laser deep melting welding of the thick plate comprises: in step 4, the gas column system further comprises a gas flow control system, a data acquisition system connected with the flatness measuring instrument, and a computer processing system connected with the data acquisition system and the gas flow control system; and 6, after the flatness measuring instrument collects the flatness value of the back of the workpiece, transmitting a signal to a data acquisition system, converting an image signal acquired by the flatness measuring instrument into an electric signal by the data acquisition system, and transmitting the electric signal to a computer processing system, judging whether the flatness value of the bottom welding pool exceeds the flatness value corresponding to the hump liquid drop or not by the computer processing system, and when the flatness value of the bottom welding pool exceeds the flatness value corresponding to the hump liquid drop, sending a signal for adjusting the flow output of the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun to the gas flow control system by the computer processing system, so that the flow input of the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray gun is improved, and the pressure of inert gas columns sprayed by the first gas spray gun, the second gas spray gun and the third gas spray.
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Cited By (4)
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CN111604596A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-01 | 华北水利水电大学 | Welding method and clamping tool for bilateral rotation laser-TIG electric arc of cross joint |
CN113385812A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-14 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Self-fusion welding sealing method for laser end face of small-pipe-diameter thin-wall metal conduit coreless rod |
CN113996900A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-02-01 | 山东建筑大学 | Welding protection device and method for fan reinforcing welding nail |
TWI806303B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2023-06-21 | 日商杰富意鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Laser welding method and laser welding device for Si-containing steel plate |
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Cited By (7)
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CN111604596A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-09-01 | 华北水利水电大学 | Welding method and clamping tool for bilateral rotation laser-TIG electric arc of cross joint |
CN111604596B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-09-14 | 华北水利水电大学 | Welding method and clamping tool for bilateral rotation laser-TIG electric arc of cross joint |
TWI806303B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2023-06-21 | 日商杰富意鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Laser welding method and laser welding device for Si-containing steel plate |
CN113385812A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-14 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Self-fusion welding sealing method for laser end face of small-pipe-diameter thin-wall metal conduit coreless rod |
CN113385812B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-11-18 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Self-fusion welding sealing method for laser end face of small-pipe-diameter thin-wall metal conduit coreless rod |
CN113996900A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-02-01 | 山东建筑大学 | Welding protection device and method for fan reinforcing welding nail |
CN113996900B (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2024-01-26 | 山东建筑大学 | Welding protection device and method for fan reinforcement welding nails |
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