CN110959616A - Plant source mixed pesticide and application thereof - Google Patents

Plant source mixed pesticide and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110959616A
CN110959616A CN201911156704.7A CN201911156704A CN110959616A CN 110959616 A CN110959616 A CN 110959616A CN 201911156704 A CN201911156704 A CN 201911156704A CN 110959616 A CN110959616 A CN 110959616A
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tea
control
percent
pesticide
application
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彭宇
宗三林
张加川
赵耀
云月利
宋聪
徐卓
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Hubei University
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Hubei University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control, and particularly relates to a plant source mixed pesticide and application thereof. The mixing technology of the botanical pesticide is that 30 percent of tea saponin aqueous solution and 0.3 percent of azadirachtin emulsifiable solution are mixed according to the proportion of 2: 1, diluting by 450 x, and applying the mixture for 2 times, namely applying the mixture for 7 days and then applying the mixture once again to prevent and control the tea lesser leafhoppers in a tea garden. The technical scheme of the invention has the control effect of 88.47 percent after 7 days of application of the tea lesser leafhopper and 92.13 percent after 14 days of application of the tea thrips. The invention can well control the harm of tea plant pests such as tea lesser leafhopper and the like, reduce the usage amount of chemical pesticide, improve the yield and quality of tea and increase the income of tea farmers. Has very important theoretical and practical significance for promoting the development of organic tea and environmental protection in China.

Description

Plant source mixed pesticide and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pest control, and particularly relates to a plant source mixed pesticide and application thereof.
Background
Tea lesser leafhopper is one of the main pests of tea trees in China. More than 60 leafhoppers exist in China, wherein Empoasca onaukii (the protoname pseudoeye leafhopper) is the dominant species of the leafhopper in tea gardens in China (Xiaoqiang, 2015). The worm has strong reproductive capacity and overlapping generation in field. After the insect absorbs a large amount of juice of tea trees, new leaves of the tea trees are damaged, the growth of the tea trees is retarded, and finally, the yield is reduced and the quality is reduced (Lihongli, etc., 2017). In addition, the lesser leaf hopper also damages some field vegetable crops and grapes (Zhang Jun Dai et al, 2017).
At present, the prevention and treatment measures of the empoasca vitis are mainly as follows: (1) agricultural prevention and control; (2) physical prevention and control; (3) chemical prevention and control; (4) and (4) biological control. Biological control of tea lesser leafhoppers includes protection and utilization of natural enemies of tea garden pests such as spiders (Chenyinfang et al, 2004), control using plant-derived and microbial-derived pesticides, and the like (Xieishengyu et al, 2017). At present, the control of tea lesser leafhoppers is still mainly based on chemical pesticides (Shao et al, 2016; Lihongli et al, 2017). The resistance of tea lesser leafhoppers is significantly enhanced over the past, mainly due to the unregulated, unscientific and large-scale single use of chemical pesticides over the years (Caiet al, 2016). Tea leafhoppers have developed a high resistance to long-term use of chemical pesticides such as imidacloprid, acetamiprid, bifenthrin, and the like.
The botanical pesticide is prepared by extracting components with biological activity from plants, and has the following advantages compared with chemical pesticides: (1) the biological activity is various; (2) the pests are not easy to generate resistance; (3) the safety to human and livestock is high; (4) is safe to natural enemies of pests; (5) compared with chemical pesticide, the preparation method is simple. Therefore, the pesticide avoids the problems of environmental pollution and food safety, can be well used as a substitute of chemical pesticides for pest control, and is an ideal pesticide for green control in agricultural production (Pavela et al, 2016).
At present, there are 5 kinds of botanical insecticides registered for controlling tea lesser leafhopper: rotenone, azadirachtin, matrine, pyrethrin and tea saponin are single agents, and no product registration of plant source mixed pesticides exists. The 30% tea saponin aqueous solution is a product registered by the subject group member unit of the applicant of the invention. Since 2007, the applicant of the present invention has developed a study of controlling pests in tea gardens with 30% aqueous tea saponin solution in domestic. In 2015, a 30% tea saponin aqueous solution is approved for temporary registration of pesticides. In 2018, 30% tea saponin water was approved by Ministry of agriculture for pesticide registration. The botanical insecticides such as tea saponin aqua and the like have the common characteristics of lower control effect on pests than chemical insecticides, slow response, and the defects or shortcomings of European Union limit standard, easy decomposition of visible light, higher requirement on application conditions and the like. At present, the field control effect of the 30 percent tea saponin aqueous solution on the tea lesser leafhoppers is only about 60 percent (the field control effect is more than 70 percent, which is ideal), and the field control requirement of the tea lesser leafhoppers cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a plant source mixed pesticide and application thereof, aiming at solving part of problems in the prior art or at least alleviating part of problems in the prior art.
The invention is realized in such a way that a botanical mixed insecticide is prepared from 30% of tea saponin aqueous solution and 0.3% of azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate according to the volume ratio of 3: 1-1: 3 in a proportion.
Further, 30% of tea saponin aqueous solution and 0.3% of azadirachtin emulsifiable solution are mixed according to the volume ratio of 2: 1 is mixed according to the proportion of 1.
The plant source mixed pesticide is applied to the prevention and treatment of tea lesser leafhoppers and/or tea thrips.
The plant source mixed pesticide is applied to preparation of a medicament for preventing and treating tea lesser leafhopper and/or tea thrips.
Further, the dilution times of the mixed pesticide are as follows: 300 x, 450 x, 600 x and 750 x.
Further, the dilution factor of the compound pesticide is 450 x.
Furthermore, 2 times of application are adopted, and the interval time between the two applications is 7 days.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are:
the invention develops the research on the mixing and synergism of the botanical insecticides (tea saponin and azadirachtin) of the tea trees, discusses the technology and the method for improving the field control effect of the botanical insecticide mixed pairing tea lesser leafhoppers, and provides recommended medication and technical support for the efficient and green control of the tea lesser leafhoppers. The mixed pesticide provided by the invention is used for preventing and treating tea tree pests by adopting a 2-time pesticide application method, and the prevention and treatment effect can be obviously improved, wherein the prevention effect on tea lesser leafhoppers is 88.47% after 7 days, and the prevention effect on tea thrips is 92.13% after 14 days. The control effect is obviously higher than that of a single agent of 30 percent tea saponin aqueous solution and 0.3 percent azadirachtin emulsifiable solution, and the effect is equivalent to that of a chemical insecticide.
The pesticide and the administration mode of the invention can well control the harm of tea plant pests such as tea lesser leafhopper and the like. Meanwhile, the usage amount of chemical pesticides can be reduced, and the yield and the quality of the tea can be improved. The invention can make consumers drink clean tea and reassurance tea, and the popularization and the application of the invention have good social benefit and larger economic benefit.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples, and the equipment and reagents used in the examples and test examples are commercially available without specific reference. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting.
The invention discloses a plant source mixed pesticide and application thereof, and concretely relates to the following embodiments.
Example 1 prevention of tea green leafhopper by tea saponin and azadirachtin in different proportions and diluted combinations
The test of the embodiment is carried out in a tea yard of bealock at Shibata city, Shibata, Hubei, and the target of prevention and treatment is tea lesser leafhopper. The tested insecticide was a 30% tea saponin aqueous solution and 0.3% azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate according to 3: 1. 2: 1. 1: 1. 1: 2 and 1: 3, mixing in 5 proportions, and diluting each proportion by 4 times: 300 x, 450 x, 600 x and 750 x. The total of 5 × 4 is 20 treatment combinations, and the treatment combinations are respectively numbered TAM1 and TAM2-TAM 20. Control insecticides and concentrations were formulated as shown in table 1.
The cell arrangement and pesticide application method comprises the following steps: cell random block arrangement with cell area of 20m2Repeat 3 times. The pesticide is applied in the high-incidence period of tea lesser leafhoppers. A knapsack sprayer-duster (model: 3WF-3A) is used for uniformly spraying water on the middle part, the upper part and the side surface of the tea tent to the leaf apex to form water drops. No other agents were applied to control pests during the test period.
Investigation method, time and number of times: the population numbers of the worms of each test treatment and control treatment were investigated before application, and the population numbers of the worms of each test treatment and control treatment were investigated 3d and 7d after application. Randomly investigating 20 mature leaves on two sides of each row of tea trees, and counting the population of the tea lesser leafhoppers.
The drug effect calculation method comprises the following steps: the calculation formula of the population reduction rate and the control effect is as follows:
Figure BDA0002285004860000031
Figure BDA0002285004860000032
data statistical analysis: the difference of the control effect among the treatments is analyzed by adopting one-factor variance, and the difference significance of the average is compared by adopting a Duncan's new complex range method. Data calculation was done using SPSS13.0 statistical analysis software.
And (3) test results: the results of field experiments with different proportions and diluted combinations of 30% tea saponin aqueous solution and 0.3% azadirachtin emulsifiable solution are shown in table 1. The control effect of 5 proportions of tea saponin and azadirachtin and 4 dilution combinations on tea lesser leafhoppers is higher than that of a single agent of 30 percent tea saponin aqueous solution and 0.3 percent azadirachtin emulsifiable solution with the highest dilution multiple of 300 multiplied, which shows that the control effect can be obviously improved by the 30 percent tea saponin aqueous solution and the 0.3 percent azadirachtin emulsifiable solution according to 5 proportions and 4 dilution multiples set by experiments. Wherein, TAM6 (30% tea saponin aqua and 0.3% azadirachtin emulsifiable concentrate are mixed according to the ratio of 2: 1, diluted by 450 x) has the highest control effect on tea lesser leafhoppers, and the control effect is equivalent to 3000 x of a chemical pesticide of 24% chlorfenapyr suspending agent. Therefore, TAM6 was the optimal formulation and was chosen as the recommended drug for field control of tea lesser leafhoppers.
TABLE 1 prevention of tea leafhopper by different drugs (Hubei Shiweir, 5-10 months in 2019)
Figure BDA0002285004860000033
Figure BDA0002285004860000041
Example 2 field control test and Effect against tea lesser leafhoppers
The experiment of this example was carried out at tea base of institute of tea, agriculture institute of Enshi, Hubei province, and the control target was tea lesser leafhopper. The pesticide tested was the product of this invention, TAM 6. Control insecticides and concentrations were formulated as shown in table 2.
The cell arrangement and pesticide application method comprises the following steps: cell random block arrangement with cell area of 20m2Repeat 3 times. The pesticide is applied in the high-incidence period of tea lesser leafhoppers. A knapsack sprayer-duster (model: 3WF-3A) is used for uniformly spraying water on the middle part, the upper part and the side surface of the tea tent to the leaf apex to form water drops. The method of 2 applications was used. The application was carried out 7 days after the first application. No other agents were applied to control pests during the test period.
Investigation method, time and number of times: the population numbers of the worms of each test treatment and the control treatment were investigated before the application, and the population numbers of the worms of each test treatment and the control treatment were investigated 7 days after the first application and 3 days and 7 days after the second application. Randomly investigating 20 mature leaves on two sides of each row of tea trees, and counting the population of the tea lesser leafhoppers. The calculation method of the population reduction rate and the control effect and the data statistical analysis method are the same as the above.
And (3) test results: the results of the field tests are shown in Table 2. When the pesticide is applied for one time, the control effect of the product TAM6 on tea lesser leafhoppers 7 days after application is 74.19%, which is obviously higher than the control effect of 30% tea saponin aqua and 0.3% azadirachtin emulsifiable solution used independently. When the pesticide is applied for the second time, the control effect of the TAM6 on the tea lesser leafhoppers after 7 days is 88.47 percent, which is equivalent to the control effect of 1500 times of a chemical pesticide of 24 percent chlorfenapyr suspending agent.
TABLE 2 field efficacy test results for the control of tea lesser leafhoppers according to the invention (Enshi Hubei, 10 months in 2018)
Figure BDA0002285004860000051
Example 3 field control test and Effect for controlling tea thrips
The experiment of this example was conducted at tea base of tea research institute of the national institute of agriculture, Enshi, Hubei, and the control target was tea thrips. The tested insecticide was the product of the invention, and the control insecticide and concentration were formulated as shown in table 3.
The cell arrangement and pesticide application method comprises the following steps: cell random block arrangement with cell area of 20m2Repeat 3 times. In 6 months in 2019, the medicine is applied at the high-incidence stage of tea thrips. A knapsack sprayer-duster (model: 3WF-3A) is used for uniformly spraying water on the middle part, the upper part and the side surface of the tea tent to the leaf apex to form water drops. The application was performed 2 times, and once again 7 days after the first application. No other agents were applied to control pests during the test period.
Investigation method, time and number of times: the population base number of each test treatment and control treatment is investigated before application, and the population number of each test treatment and control treatment is investigated 15d and 21d after one application and 7d and 15d after 2 applications. Randomly investigating 20 mature leaves on two sides of each row of tea trees, and counting the insect population of the tea thrips. The calculation method of the population reduction rate and the control effect and the data statistical analysis method are the same as the above.
And (3) test results: the results of field control experiments show that the control effect of the product TAM6 of the invention on the thrips tea 21 days after application is 81.22% and is obviously higher than the control effect of 30% tea saponin aqua and 0.3% azadirachtin emulsifiable solution used independently (Table 3). When the pesticide is applied for the second time, the control effect of the TAM6 on the thrips tea for 15 days is 92.13 percent, which is equivalent to the control effect of 1500 times of a chemical pesticide of 24 percent chlorfenapyr suspending agent. Therefore, TAM6 can be used as recommended drug for preventing and treating tea thrips in tea garden by adopting a secondary drug application method.
Table 3 field efficacy test of the products of the invention and the use of the technology for the control of tea thrips (enriches in north of hu, 6 months 2018)
Figure BDA0002285004860000052
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A plant source mixed insecticide is characterized in that: 30 percent of tea saponin aqueous solution and 0.3 percent of azadirachtin emulsifiable solution are mixed according to the volume ratio of 3: 1-1: 3 in a proportion.
2. The botanical compound insecticide as claimed in claim 1, wherein: 30 percent of tea saponin aqueous solution and 0.3 percent of azadirachtin emulsifiable solution are mixed according to the volume ratio of 2: 1 is mixed according to the proportion of 1.
3. The use of a plant-derived compounded insecticide as claimed in claim 1 or 2 for the control of tea lesser leafhopper and/or tea thrips.
4. Use of a plant-derived compounded insecticide as claimed in claim 1 or 2 in the preparation of a medicament for the control of tea lesser leafhoppers and/or tea thrips.
5. The use of a plant-derived mixed pesticide according to claim 4 in the preparation of a medicament for the control of tea lesser leafhoppers and/or tea thrips, wherein the medicament is characterized in that: the dilution times of the mixed pesticide are as follows: 300 x, 450 x, 600 x and 750 x.
6. The use of a plant-derived mixed pesticide according to claim 5 in the preparation of a medicament for the control of tea lesser leafhoppers and/or tea thrips, wherein the medicament is characterized in that: the dilution multiple of the mixed pesticide is 450 x.
7. The use of a plant-derived mixed pesticide according to claim 5 in the preparation of a medicament for the control of tea lesser leafhoppers and/or tea thrips, wherein the medicament is characterized in that: the method for applying the medicine for 2 times is adopted, and the interval time between the two times of medicine application is 7 days.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113229006A (en) * 2021-05-25 2021-08-10 岳兰菊 Method for preventing and treating important fruit tree and forestry pests, locust
CN113243396A (en) * 2021-05-21 2021-08-13 泰安市农业科学研究院 Plant essential oil for repelling tea lesser leafhoppers and preparation method thereof

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102484992A (en) * 2010-12-02 2012-06-06 华南农业大学 Synergetic pesticide composition of nimbin and tea saponin

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102484992A (en) * 2010-12-02 2012-06-06 华南农业大学 Synergetic pesticide composition of nimbin and tea saponin

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
叶小江: "浅谈有机茶园病虫防治的方法和措施", 《农业与技术》 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113243396A (en) * 2021-05-21 2021-08-13 泰安市农业科学研究院 Plant essential oil for repelling tea lesser leafhoppers and preparation method thereof
CN113243396B (en) * 2021-05-21 2022-03-18 泰安市农业科学研究院 Plant essential oil for repelling tea lesser leafhoppers and preparation method thereof
CN113229006A (en) * 2021-05-25 2021-08-10 岳兰菊 Method for preventing and treating important fruit tree and forestry pests, locust

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