CN110957571B - Director, radiation unit, base station antenna and method for debugging antenna performance index - Google Patents
Director, radiation unit, base station antenna and method for debugging antenna performance index Download PDFInfo
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- CN110957571B CN110957571B CN201911421732.7A CN201911421732A CN110957571B CN 110957571 B CN110957571 B CN 110957571B CN 201911421732 A CN201911421732 A CN 201911421732A CN 110957571 B CN110957571 B CN 110957571B
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 240
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/01—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the shape of the antenna or antenna system
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a director, a radiation unit, a base station antenna and a method for debugging performance indexes of the antenna. The metal debugging branches are electrically connected with the metal guide plates, and the metal debugging branches and the metal guide plates are positioned on different planes. The parasitic effect between the metal guide plate and the vibrator counteracts the impedance mismatch problem caused by the coupling between the units, and improves the performance indexes such as standing waves, isolation, patterns and the like to a certain extent. The director adopts a three-dimensional structure, the current amplitude and phase relation of the parasitic unit relative to the stimulated unit depend on tuning of the parasitic unit according to a microwave theory, a second resonant frequency can be generated by deriving a metal guide sheet of a traditional two-dimensional structure from a horizontal plane to a vertical plane, and the two resonant frequencies are close to each other by specifically adjusting the second resonant frequency, so that the bandwidth can be widened, and the optimization and adjustment of indexes and performances are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications devices, and in particular, to a director, a radiating element, a base station antenna, and a method for debugging performance indexes of the antenna.
Background
The base station antenna on the market is limited by the appearance structure, and the excellent radiation performance index and circuit performance are difficult to be considered. Especially, the operator limits the size of the whole machine, and on the premise of ensuring the array layout of the overall radiation performance index (especially the gain), the array units are inevitably coupled, so that electromagnetic interference is caused, and the circuit index of the whole machine, especially the standing-wave ratio and the isolation degree are affected; the superposition of scattered waves distorts the pattern. The conventional improvement method is that a director is loaded above the vibrator, and the loaded director adopting a sheet structure can improve performance indexes such as standing wave ratio or isolation or a directional diagram or wave width to a certain extent, however, the traditional metal director sheet can not well realize the compromise and optimization of the antenna performance indexes.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to overcome the defects of the prior art, and to provide a director, a radiating element, a base station antenna and a method for debugging the performance index of the antenna, which can well realize the compromise and optimization of the performance index of the antenna.
The technical scheme is as follows: a director, comprising: the metal guide piece is arranged above the vibrator; and the metal debugging branches are more than two, the metal debugging branches are electrically connected with the metal guide sheets, and the metal debugging branches and the metal guide sheets are positioned on different planes.
The metal guiding sheet is connected with the metal debugging branch, and the metal debugging branch and the metal guiding sheet are positioned on different planes. The parasitic effect between the metal guide plate and the vibrator counteracts the impedance mismatch problem caused by the coupling between the units, and improves the performance indexes such as standing waves, isolation, patterns and the like to a certain extent. The director adopts a three-dimensional structure, the current amplitude and phase relation of a parasitic unit relative to an excited unit depend on tuning of the parasitic unit according to a microwave theory, a second resonant frequency can be generated by deriving the metal director of the traditional two-dimensional structure from a horizontal plane to a vertical plane, and the two resonant frequencies are close to each other by specifically adjusting the second resonant frequency, so that bandwidth can be widened, and optimization adjustment of indexes and performances is realized.
In one embodiment, two or more of the metal debug stubs are disposed at intervals around the circumference of the metal guide tab.
In one embodiment, the metal debug tab is removably attached to the metal guide tab; the outer fringe of metal guide piece be equipped with the corresponding convex part of metal debugging minor matters, the metal debugging minor matters be equipped with the first jack that the convex part suited, the convex part inserts in the first jack, the convex part with first jack interference fit or snap fit.
In one embodiment, the metal debug branch comprises a first metal debug board and a second metal debug board; one end of the first metal debugging plate is connected with the metal guiding sheet, and the other end of the first metal debugging plate is rotatably connected with one end of the second metal debugging plate.
In one embodiment, the first metal tuning plate is connected to the second metal tuning plate through a damping shaft.
In one embodiment, the metal debug branch further comprises a metal extension plate detachably connected to the second metal debug plate; the other end of the second metal debugging plate is provided with a second jack which is matched with the metal extension plate, the metal extension plate is inserted into the second jack, and the metal extension plate is in interference fit or snap fit with the second jack.
The radiating unit comprises a director, a vibrator and an insulating support column, wherein the director is connected with the vibrator through the insulating support column, and the director is arranged above the vibrator.
The metal guide piece is connected with the metal debugging branch, and the metal debugging branch and the metal guide piece are positioned on different planes. The parasitic effect between the metal guide plate and the vibrator counteracts the impedance mismatch problem caused by the coupling between the units, and improves the performance indexes such as standing waves, isolation, patterns and the like to a certain extent. The director adopts a three-dimensional structure, the current amplitude and phase relation of a parasitic unit relative to an excited unit depend on tuning of the parasitic unit according to a microwave theory, a second resonant frequency can be generated by deriving the metal director of the traditional two-dimensional structure from a horizontal plane to a vertical plane, and the two resonant frequencies are close to each other by specifically adjusting the second resonant frequency, so that bandwidth can be widened, and optimization adjustment of indexes and performances is realized.
In one embodiment, a first clamping connector is arranged at the top end of the insulating support column, a clamping interface matched with the first clamping connector is arranged on the metal guide sheet, and the first clamping connector is detachably arranged in the clamping interface; the bottom end of the insulating support column is provided with a second clamping connector which is detachably clamped on the vibrator; the insulation support column is a plurality of.
In one embodiment, the radiating unit further comprises a guide rod, the guide rod is connected with the insulation support column, the metal guide sheet is provided with a guide hole adapted to the guide rod, and the guide rod is arranged in the guide hole.
A base station antenna comprising more than one antenna array comprising more than two of said radiating elements arranged in an array.
In the base station antenna, the metal guide piece is connected with the metal debugging branch, and the metal debugging branch and the metal guide piece are positioned on different planes. The parasitic effect between the metal guide plate and the vibrator counteracts the impedance mismatch problem caused by the coupling between the units, and improves the performance indexes such as standing waves, isolation, patterns and the like to a certain extent. The director adopts a three-dimensional structure, the current amplitude and phase relation of a parasitic unit relative to an excited unit depend on tuning of the parasitic unit according to a microwave theory, a second resonant frequency can be generated by deriving the metal director of the traditional two-dimensional structure from a horizontal plane to a vertical plane, and the two resonant frequencies are close to each other by specifically adjusting the second resonant frequency, so that bandwidth can be widened, and optimization adjustment of indexes and performances is realized.
The method for debugging the antenna performance index adopts the radiation unit and comprises the following steps:
Adjusting an included angle a between the metal debugging branch and the metal guide sheet; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
Adjusting the length of the metal debugging branch; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
Adjusting the shape of the metal debugging branch; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
And adjusting the number of the metal debugging branches.
The technical effects of the above-mentioned antenna performance index debugging method include the technical effects of the radiation unit, and the beneficial effects include the beneficial effects of the radiation unit, which are not described herein.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a steering device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a state structure of a director according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another state structure of a director according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side view of a steering wheel according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a steering device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a radiation unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a standing wave simulation comparison of a radiation unit and a conventional radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating simulation comparison of isolation between a radiation unit and a conventional radiation unit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
10. A director; 11. a metal guide plate; 111. a convex portion; 112. a card interface; 113. a guide hole; 12. metal debugging branches; 121. a first metal debug board; 1211. a first jack; 122. a second metal debug board; 1221. a second jack; 123. damping the rotating shaft; 124. a metal extension plate; 20. a vibrator; 30. an insulating support column; 31. a first clamping joint; 32. a second clamping joint; 40. a guide rod.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than described herein and similarly modified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, whereby the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1-7, a director 10 includes a metal guide tab 11 and a metal debug tab 12. The metal guide plate 11 is arranged above the vibrator 20. The number of the metal debugging branches 12 is more than two, the metal debugging branches 12 are electrically connected with the metal guide plates 11, and the metal debugging branches 12 and the metal guide plates 11 are located on different planes.
In the above-mentioned director 10, the metal guiding piece 11 is connected with the metal debugging branch 12, and the metal debugging branch 12 and the metal guiding piece 11 are located on different planes. The parasitic effect between the metal guide plate 11 and the vibrator 20 counteracts the impedance mismatch problem caused by the coupling between the units, and improves the performance indexes such as standing waves, isolation, patterns and the like to a certain extent. Unlike the conventional two-dimensional metal guide plate 11, the above-described director 10 adopts a three-dimensional structure, and according to the microwave theory, the current amplitude and phase relation of the parasitic element relative to the excited element depend on the tuning of the parasitic element, and by deriving the conventional two-dimensional metal guide plate 11 from a horizontal plane to a vertical plane, a second resonant frequency can be generated, and by specifically adjusting the second resonant frequency, for example, so that the two resonant frequencies are close to each other, and thus the bandwidth can be widened, and the optimization adjustment of the index and performance can be realized.
Specifically, the metal debug branch 12 is vertically disposed on the metal guide piece 11, or the metal debug branch 12 is obliquely disposed on the metal guide piece 11, and an angle a between an extending direction of the metal debug branch 12 and a surface of the metal guide piece 11 is, for example, 0 ° to 90 °. The specific size of the included angle a is set according to actual requirements, so that the performance index of the antenna is optimized.
It should be noted that, referring to fig. 3 and fig. 5, the shapes of the two or more metal debugging branches 12 connected with the same metal guiding piece 11 may be the same, or may be different, or may be the same length, or may be different, and may be set according to actual debugging requirements.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 7, two or more metal debugging branches 12 are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the metal guiding plate 11. Specifically, the number of the metal debugging branches 12 is four, and the four metal debugging branches 12 are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference of the metal guide piece 11. Therefore, the symmetry is better, the second resonant frequency is better regulated, and the two resonant frequencies are close to each other, so that the bandwidth can be widened, and the optimization regulation of indexes and performances is realized.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 7, the metal alignment tab 12 is detachably mounted on the metal guide plate 11. Specifically, the outer edge of the metal guide piece 11 is provided with a convex portion 111 corresponding to the metal adjustment branch 12, and the metal adjustment branch 12 is provided with a first insertion hole 1211 corresponding to the convex portion 111. The protrusion 111 is inserted into the first insertion hole 1211, and the protrusion 111 is interference fit or snap fit with the first insertion hole 1211. Therefore, the metal debugging branches 12 and the metal guide piece 11 are in a detachable combination mode, so that the metal debugging branches 12 with different shapes and lengths can be replaced according to debugging requirements, and the replacement operation of the metal debugging branches 12 is convenient.
It will be appreciated that referring to fig. 2 to 7, the interference fit of the protrusion 111 with the first insertion hole 1211 means that the outer diameter of the protrusion 111 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the first insertion hole 1211, so that the protrusion 111 can be fastened in the first insertion hole 1211 after the protrusion 111 is inserted into the first insertion hole 1211, thus facilitating the installation of the metal alignment tab 12 onto the metal guide plate 11. On the contrary, when external force is applied to the metal debugging branch 12, the metal debugging branch 12 can be conveniently pulled out from the metal guiding sheet 11, and the operation is more convenient.
It can be understood that, when the protrusion 111 is in snap fit with the first jack 1211, it means that a clamping portion is provided on the protrusion 111, and a clamping hole is provided on a hole wall of the first jack 1211 and is in snap fit with the clamping portion; or the convex portion 111 is provided with a clamping hole, and the hole wall of the first jack 1211 is provided with a clamping part matched with the clamping hole. In this way, the disassembly and assembly operations of the metal debugging branches 12 and the metal guide piece 11 can be conveniently and rapidly realized.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 7, the metal debug branch 12 includes a first metal debug board 121 and a second metal debug board 122. One end of the first metal debugging plate 121 is connected with the metal guiding plate 11, and the other end of the first metal debugging plate 121 is rotatably connected with one end of the second metal debugging plate 122. The plate surface of the first metal debugging plate 121 is parallel to or on the same plane as the plate surface of the metal guiding plate 11, the plate surface of the second metal debugging plate 122 can rotate relative to the plate surface of the guiding plate, the performance indexes of the corresponding antenna when the plate surface of the second metal debugging plate 122 rotates to different included angle a positions relative to the plate surface of the guiding plate are different, that is, the second metal debugging plate 122 is rotated according to the debugging requirement, so that the second metal debugging plate 122 rotates to a preset angle, the debugging operation is more convenient, and the debugging efficiency can be greatly improved. The adjustment of the antenna resonance frequency (i.e., the operating frequency) is achieved without the need for a metal director tab 11 of a conventional two-dimensional structure by adjusting its own structural size, shape (typically circular or square) and height from the dipole 20.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 7, the first metal tuning plate 121 is connected to the second metal tuning plate 122 through a damping shaft 123. So, when the second metal debugging plate 122 rotates to a preset angle position according to the antenna performance index requirement, the included angle between the second metal debugging plate 122 and the first metal debugging plate 121 can be kept constant under the action of the damping rotating shaft 123, so that the relative fixation between the second metal debugging plate 122 and the first metal debugging plate 121 is realized without external equipment, the debugging operation is more convenient, and the working efficiency is greatly improved. Of course, as an alternative, instead of the damping shaft 123 being used to connect the first metal debug plate 121 and the second metal debug plate 122, other adjusting members may be used to cooperate with a common shaft to implement the assembly of the first metal debug plate 121 and the second metal debug plate 122 with each other.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 to 7, the metal debug branch 12 further includes a metal extension plate 124 detachably connected to the second metal debug plate 122. So, on the one hand, after the second metal debugging plate 122 is connected with the metal extension plate 124, the metal extension plate 124 can correspondingly increase the length of the metal debugging branch 12, so that the performance index of the antenna can be debugged, the debugging operation is more convenient, the second resonant frequency is better regulated, the two resonant frequencies are close to each other, the bandwidth can be widened, and the optimization regulation of the index and the performance is realized. On the other hand, the metal debugging branches 12 with different shapes and lengths can be replaced according to debugging requirements, and the replacement operation of the metal debugging branches 12 is convenient.
Further, referring to fig. 2 to 7, the other end of the second metal debug board 122 is provided with a second insertion hole 1221 corresponding to the metal extension board 124, and the metal extension board 124 is inserted into the second insertion hole 1221. The metal extension plate 124 is an interference fit or snap fit with the second receptacle 1221. Thus, the metal extension plate 124 and the second metal debugging plate 122 can be quickly assembled and disassembled, and the debugging work efficiency is high.
It will be appreciated that an interference fit of the metal extension plate 124 with the second receptacle 1221 means that the outer diameter of the metal extension plate 124 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the second receptacle 1221, such that the metal extension plate 124 is inserted into the second receptacle 1221 to effect the fastening of the metal extension plate 124 into the second receptacle 1221, thereby facilitating the installation of the metal extension plate 124 into the second receptacle 1221. Conversely, when an external force is applied to the metal extension plate 124, the metal extension plate 124 can be conveniently pulled out from the second insertion hole 1221, and the operation is more convenient.
It can be understood that, when the metal extension plate 124 is in snap fit with the second jack 1221, it means that the metal extension plate 124 is provided with a clamping portion, and the hole wall of the second jack 1221 is provided with a clamping hole in snap fit with the clamping portion; or the metal extension plate 124 is provided with a clamping hole, and the hole wall of the second jack 1221 is provided with a clamping part matched with the clamping hole. In this way, the disassembly and assembly operations of the metal extension plate 124 and the second metal debug plate 122 can be conveniently and rapidly performed.
As an alternative, the performance index of the antenna may be tuned by reducing the length of the metal extension plate 124.
As an alternative, the length of the metal commissioning branch 12 may be telescopically adjustable. Specifically, the length of the metal extension plate 124 or the second metal debug plate 122 may be telescopically adjustable. Thus, when the lengths of the metal debugging branches 12 are different, the performance index of the antenna can be correspondingly adjusted.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, 6 and 7, a radiating element includes the director 10, and further includes a vibrator 20 and an insulating support 30, the director 10 is connected to the vibrator 20 through the insulating support 30, and the director 10 is disposed above the vibrator 20.
In the above-mentioned radiation unit, the metal guiding piece 11 is connected with the metal debugging branch 12, and the metal debugging branch 12 and the metal guiding piece 11 are located on different planes. The parasitic effect between the metal guide plate 11 and the vibrator 20 counteracts the impedance mismatch problem caused by the coupling between the units, and improves the performance indexes such as standing waves, isolation, patterns and the like to a certain extent. Unlike the conventional two-dimensional metal guide plate 11, the above-described director 10 adopts a three-dimensional structure, and according to the microwave theory, the current amplitude and phase relation of the parasitic element relative to the excited element depend on the tuning of the parasitic element, and by deriving the conventional two-dimensional metal guide plate 11 from a horizontal plane to a vertical plane, a second resonant frequency can be generated, and by specifically adjusting the second resonant frequency, for example, so that the two resonant frequencies are close to each other, and thus the bandwidth can be widened, and the optimization adjustment of the index and performance can be realized.
Further, referring to fig. 3, 6 and 7, the top end of the insulating support column 30 is provided with a first clamping head 31. The metal guiding sheet 11 is provided with a clamping interface 112 matched with the first clamping connector 31, and the first clamping connector 31 is detachably arranged in the clamping interface 112; the bottom end of the insulating support column 30 is provided with a second clamping connector 32, and the second clamping connector 32 is detachably clamped on the vibrator 20; the number of the insulating support columns 30 is plural. In this way, on the one hand, it is possible to facilitate the stable mounting of the metal guide plate 11 on the insulating support column 30; on the other hand, the assembly and disassembly of the director 10 and the insulating support column 30 are convenient, the assembly and disassembly of the insulating support column 30 and the director 10 are convenient to replace according to the requirements, and the assembly and disassembly, the maintenance and other operations are also convenient to carry out.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, 6 and 7, the radiation unit further includes a guide rod 40. The guide rod 40 is connected with the insulation support 30, the metal guide piece 11 is provided with a guide hole 113 corresponding to the guide rod 40, and the guide rod 40 is arranged in the guide hole 113. Thus, when the metal guide plate 11 is pressed and mounted on the top of the insulation support rod, the guide rod 40 is synchronously inserted into the guide hole 113, so that the metal guide plate 11 is more conveniently mounted on the insulation support column 30 under the guide action of the guide hole 113, and the mounting effect of the metal guide plate 11 is more stable.
Specifically, the number of the insulating support columns 30 is four, the number of the guide rods 40 is two, and the two guide rods 40 are correspondingly connected with the two insulating support columns 30 oppositely arranged therein. Of course, the insulating support columns 30 may be one, two, three, five or other numbers, without limitation. Similarly, the number of guide bars 40 is not limited.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, 6 and 7, a base station antenna includes more than one antenna array including more than two radiating elements of any of the embodiments described above arranged in an array.
In the above base station antenna, the metal guide piece 11 is connected with the metal debugging branch 12, and the metal debugging branch 12 and the metal guide piece 11 are located on different planes. The parasitic effect between the metal guide plate 11 and the vibrator 20 counteracts the impedance mismatch problem caused by the coupling between the units, and improves the performance indexes such as standing waves, isolation, patterns and the like to a certain extent. Unlike the conventional two-dimensional metal guide plate 11, the above-described director 10 adopts a three-dimensional structure, and according to the microwave theory, the current amplitude and phase relation of the parasitic element relative to the excited element depend on the tuning of the parasitic element, and by deriving the conventional two-dimensional metal guide plate 11 from a horizontal plane to a vertical plane, a second resonant frequency can be generated, and by specifically adjusting the second resonant frequency, for example, so that the two resonant frequencies are close to each other, and thus the bandwidth can be widened, and the optimization adjustment of the index and performance can be realized.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, fig. 6 and fig. 7, a method for debugging an antenna performance index, using the radiation unit according to any one of the above embodiments, includes the following steps:
Adjusting an included angle a between the metal debugging branch 12 and the metal guide piece 11; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
Adjusting the length of the metal debug branch 12; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
Adjusting the shape of the metal tuning stub 12; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
The number of metal debug stubs 12 is adjusted.
The technical effects of the above-mentioned antenna performance index debugging method include the technical effects of the radiation unit, and the beneficial effects include the beneficial effects of the radiation unit, which are not described herein.
The conventional two-dimensional metal guide plate 11 adjusts the resonant frequency (i.e., the working frequency) of the antenna by adjusting the size and shape of the structure (generally, the shape is circular or square) and the height of the metal guide plate from the vibrator 20, so as to optimize the performance index of the antenna. However, according to simulation and practical application, while the standing wave and isolation are optimized, the wave width sometimes cannot meet the requirements of the mobile collection index, is widened or narrowed, at this time, the structural size or shape of the metal guide plate 11 or the height from the vibrator 20 needs to be readjusted to find the optimal resonance point so as to meet the index requirements of the radiation pattern, a certain circuit performance index is usually sacrificed, however, under the condition of insufficient circuit index allowance, the traditional metal guide plate 11 cannot well realize the compromise and optimization of the antenna performance index, and the guide plates with different structural sizes are designed for multiple times, so that the design cost is increased, and the debugging efficiency is affected by repeated back and forth installation and debugging.
The director 10 with a three-dimensional structure is adopted in the embodiment, and the simulation is combined, so that the inclination angle of the metal debugging branch 12 can be adjusted according to actual needs by adjusting the second resonant frequency, or the metal debugging branch 12 with different shapes and different lengths can be replaced, and the debugging efficiency can be improved on the premise of not increasing the proofing cost.
Fig. 8, 9 and 10 show simulation results of the antenna, the gain of the antenna is improved by 1.3db compared with the metal guide plate 11 without the three-dimensional structure, and the 3db bandwidth is optimized from 112.52 ° to 79.97 °; the standing wave is optimized to be within 1.3 from 1.58; the isolation is optimized from-23 dB to below-25 dB. The application not only ensures the radiation pattern index, but also gives consideration to the circuit standing wave and isolation index, and is extremely suitable for the complex antenna structure environment (such as an arc-shaped radome or a multi-frequency mutual coupling vibrator 20 array).
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1.A director, comprising:
The metal guide piece is arranged above the vibrator; and (3) with
The metal debugging branches are more than two and are electrically connected with the metal guide sheets, and the metal debugging branches and the metal guide sheets are positioned on different planes;
The metal debugging branches comprise a first metal debugging plate and a second metal debugging plate; one end of the first metal debugging plate is connected with the metal guiding sheet, and the other end of the first metal debugging plate is rotatably connected with one end of the second metal debugging plate.
2. The steering gear according to claim 1, wherein two or more of said metal adjustment stubs are spaced circumferentially about said metal guide tab.
3. The steering gear according to claim 1, wherein the metal debug stub is removably mounted on the metal guide plate; the outer fringe of metal guide piece be equipped with the corresponding convex part of metal debugging minor matters, the metal debugging minor matters be equipped with the first jack that the convex part suited, the convex part inserts in the first jack, the convex part with first jack interference fit or snap fit.
4. A director according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plate surface of the first metal tuning plate is parallel to or on the same plane as the plate surface of the metal guiding sheet, the plate surface of the second metal tuning plate is rotatable relative to the plate surface of the metal guiding sheet, and the performance index of the corresponding antenna is different when the plate surface of the second metal tuning plate is rotated to a position of different included angles a relative to the plate surface of the metal guiding sheet.
5. The steering device according to claim 1, wherein the first metal tuning plate is connected to the second metal tuning plate by a damping shaft.
6. The steering gear according to claim 1, wherein the metal debug nub further comprises a metal extension plate removably connected to the second metal debug plate; the other end of the second metal debugging plate is provided with a second jack which is matched with the metal extension plate, the metal extension plate is inserted into the second jack, and the metal extension plate is in interference fit or snap fit with the second jack.
7. A radiating element comprising a director as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a vibrator and an insulating support column, said director being connected to said vibrator by said insulating support column, said director being arranged above said vibrator.
8. The radiating element of claim 7, wherein a first clamping connector is arranged at the top end of the insulating support column, a clamping connector matched with the first clamping connector is arranged on the metal guide sheet, and the first clamping connector is detachably arranged in the clamping connector; the bottom end of the insulating support column is provided with a second clamping connector which is detachably clamped on the vibrator; the insulation support column is a plurality of.
9. The radiating element of claim 7, further comprising a guide rod coupled to the insulating support post, wherein the metal guide plate has a guide hole therein adapted to the guide rod, and wherein the guide rod is disposed in the guide hole.
10. A base station antenna comprising more than one antenna array, the antenna array comprising more than two radiating elements according to any of claims 7 to 9 arranged in an array.
11. A method for tuning an antenna performance index, wherein a radiation unit according to any one of claims 7 to 9 is used, comprising the steps of:
Adjusting an included angle a between the metal debugging branch and the metal guide sheet; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
Adjusting the length of the metal debugging branch; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
Adjusting the shape of the metal debugging branch; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
And adjusting the number of the metal debugging branches.
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| CN113985970B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-06-21 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Impedance tuning rotating shaft connecting device and openable electronic equipment |
| CN114024133B (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-04-29 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Novel dipole antenna |
| CN115632228B (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-09-29 | 湖南迈克森伟电子科技有限公司 | Antenna unit, antenna array and electronic equipment |
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