CN110954243B - Battery monomer temperature acquisition system - Google Patents

Battery monomer temperature acquisition system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110954243B
CN110954243B CN201911318913.7A CN201911318913A CN110954243B CN 110954243 B CN110954243 B CN 110954243B CN 201911318913 A CN201911318913 A CN 201911318913A CN 110954243 B CN110954243 B CN 110954243B
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optical fiber
signal input
signal output
battery
central shaft
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CN110954243A (en
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王文伟
左丰豪
李宜丁
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/32Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/14Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
    • G01K1/146Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations arrangements for moving thermometers to or from a measuring position

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery monomer temperature acquisition system. The system comprises: a plurality of first optical fibers, a plurality of second optical fibers, a plurality of sub-optical fibers, a plurality of signal input ports, and a plurality of signal output ports; the first optical fibers are longitudinally arranged according to a set interval; the second optical fibers are transversely arranged according to a set interval; the first optical fibers are connected with the signal input ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the second optical fibers are connected with the signal output ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner; one end of the sub optical fiber is connected with the first optical fiber; the other end of the sub optical fiber is connected with the second optical fiber; and the sub-optical fiber is engraved with a detection grating, and the detection grating is implanted into the battery monomer. The invention provides a battery monomer temperature acquisition system which has the characteristics of high detection precision and simple structure.

Description

Battery monomer temperature acquisition system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of battery temperature detection, in particular to a battery monomer temperature acquisition system.
Background
The quantity of electric automobiles is increasing day by day, and the driving safety of the electric automobiles is seriously damaged by the heat abuse of the batteries, so that the importance of the heat management of the batteries of the electric automobiles is increasingly highlighted.
At present, most of battery thermal management measures the temperature of a battery through a thermal sensor, and converts an electric signal into the temperature through a receiving device. The measuring method needs one sensor corresponding to one receiving device, so that the production cost of the battery system is increased, and the arrangement difficulty of the sensor receiving device is greatly improved. The battery temperature change rate is a relatively slow change amount, and the battery temperature measurement by a plurality of receiving devices at any moment is also a waste of measurement resources. Moreover, the measurement method can obtain the temperature data inside the battery more accurately only by adopting a battery estimation method, which not only increases the measurement difficulty, but also greatly affects the measurement accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery monomer temperature acquisition system which has the characteristics of high detection precision and simple structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a system for acquiring cell temperature, comprising: a plurality of first optical fibers, a plurality of second optical fibers, a plurality of sub-optical fibers, a plurality of signal input ports, and a plurality of signal output ports;
the first optical fibers are longitudinally arranged according to a set interval; the second optical fibers are transversely arranged according to a set interval;
the first optical fibers are connected with the signal input ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the second optical fibers are connected with the signal output ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
one end of the sub optical fiber is connected with the first optical fiber; the other end of the sub optical fiber is connected with the second optical fiber;
and the sub-optical fiber is engraved with a detection grating, and the detection grating is implanted into the battery monomer.
Optionally, the system further comprises an optical fiber switching device;
the optical fiber switching device comprises a plurality of first mounting holes which are circumferentially arranged; the first mounting hole is used for mounting the signal input port or the signal output port.
Optionally, the optical fiber switching apparatus further includes: the device comprises a sleeve, a mechanical arm, a central shaft, a signal input optical fiber and a signal output optical fiber;
the sleeve is sleeved on the central shaft, and the central shaft rotates or axially moves in the sleeve;
the first mounting hole is circumferentially arranged on the sleeve by taking the center of the central shaft as a circle center;
the fixed end of the mechanical arm is rigidly connected with the central shaft, and the central shaft is used for driving the mechanical arm to rotate or axially move;
a second mounting hole is formed in the free end of the mechanical arm, and the distance between the center of the second mounting hole and the center of the fixed end of the mechanical arm is equal to the distance between the center of the first mounting hole and the center of the central shaft;
the second mounting hole is used for mounting a signal input optical fiber or a signal output optical fiber; the signal input optical fiber is used for inputting a laser signal to the signal input port; the signal output optical fiber is used for outputting the scattered light signal output by the signal output port.
Optionally, the mechanical arm further comprises a bearing;
the bearing is sleeved on the signal input optical fiber or the signal output optical fiber, and the bearing is installed in the second installation hole.
Optionally, the system further comprises a detection device;
the laser signal transmitting end of the detection device is connected with the signal input optical fiber; the signal receiving end of the detection device is connected with the signal output optical fiber;
the detection device is used for emitting laser signals and determining the temperature of the battery cells according to the received scattered light signals.
Optionally, the optical fiber switching device further includes a motor for driving the central shaft to move.
Optionally, the motor is a stepping motor.
Optionally, the detection grating is implanted in a central position inside the battery cell.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: according to the battery monomer temperature acquisition system provided by the invention, the detection grating for measuring the temperature of the battery monomer is directly arranged in the battery, so that more accurate internal temperature data of the battery can be obtained without adopting a battery estimation method, the accuracy of a battery thermal management system is improved, and the calculation load of the battery thermal management system on the internal temperature of the battery is reduced. In addition, the temperature acquisition mechanism of the whole acquisition system is composed of optical fibers, so that the structure is simple, and the cost is low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for acquiring a temperature of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber switching apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a first schematic view of a detection grating installed inside a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3b is a second schematic view of the detection grating installed inside the battery according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a first optical fiber, 2-a second optical fiber, 3-a sub-optical fiber, 31-a detection grating, 4-a signal input port, 5-a signal output port, 60-a first mounting hole, 61-a sleeve, 62-a mechanical arm, 63-a central shaft, 64-a signal input optical fiber, 65-a signal output optical fiber, 66-a second mounting hole and 7-a detection device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a battery monomer temperature acquisition system which has the characteristics of high detection precision and simple structure.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for acquiring a temperature of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the system for acquiring a temperature of a battery cell includes: a plurality of first optical fibers 1, a plurality of second optical fibers 2, a sub-optical fiber 3, a plurality of signal input ports 4, and a plurality of signal output ports 5.
A plurality of the first optical fibers 1 are arranged longitudinally at a set pitch. A plurality of the second optical fibers 2 are arranged laterally at a set pitch.
The first optical fibers 1 are connected with the signal input ports 4 in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The second optical fibers 2 are connected with the signal output ports 5 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
One end of the sub fiber 3 is connected to the first fiber 1. The other end of the sub fiber 3 is connected to the second fiber 2.
The sub-optical fiber 3 is engraved with a detection grating 31, and the detection grating 31 is implanted into the battery monomer.
In order to further improve the utilization rate of the optical fibers and simplify the structure of the whole acquisition system, the invention arranges the first optical fibers 1 and the second optical fibers 2 into a horizontal grid and a vertical grid. Near the intersection of each pair of two horizontally and vertically oriented fibers (first fiber 1 and second fiber 2), the first fiber 1 leads out one sub-fiber 3 and connects to the second fiber 2. A detection grating 31 is engraved on the sub-fiber 3 as a temperature sensor.
In order to improve the timeliness of the temperature measurement of the battery cells, the system can further comprise an optical fiber switching device so as to collect signals in the signal input port 4 or the signal output port 5 in the collection system provided by the invention in time. In fig. 2, only the case of applying the optical fiber switching device to the signal input port of the collection system is shown, and as shown in fig. 2, the optical fiber switching device includes a plurality of first mounting holes 60 arranged circumferentially. The first mounting hole 60 is used for mounting the signal input port 4 (or the signal output port 5).
The optical fiber switching apparatus further includes: a sleeve 61, a mechanical arm 62, a central shaft 63, a signal input fiber 64, and a signal output fiber 65.
The sleeve 61 is sleeved on the central shaft 63, and the central shaft 63 rotates or axially moves in the sleeve 61.
The first mounting hole is circumferentially provided on the sleeve 61 with the center of the center shaft 63 as a center.
The fixed end of the mechanical arm 62 is rigidly connected to the central shaft 63, and the central shaft 63 is used for driving the mechanical arm 62 to rotate or move axially.
A second mounting hole 66 is formed at the free end of the mechanical arm 62, and the distance between the center of the second mounting hole 66 and the center of the fixed end of the mechanical arm 62 is equal to the distance between the center of the first mounting hole 60 and the center of the central shaft 63.
The second mounting hole 66 is used for mounting the signal input fiber 64 (or the signal output fiber 65). The signal input fiber 64 is used for inputting a laser signal to the signal input port 4. The signal output fiber 65 is used for outputting the scattered light signal output by the signal output port 5.
Bearings may also be mounted on the mechanical arm 62 for free rotation of the signal input fiber 64.
The bearing is sleeved on the signal input optical fiber 64 or the signal output optical fiber 65, and the bearing is installed in the second installation hole.
The optical fiber switching device further comprises a motor for driving the central shaft 63 to move. The motor is generally a stepping motor.
Based on the structure of the optical fiber switching device, the principle of optical fiber switching is specifically as follows:
when the signal input optical fiber 64 needs to be replaced by the next signal input port 4, the central shaft 63 moves along the axial direction, the signal input optical fiber 64 is pushed out from the original signal input port 4, and the central shaft 63 is driven to rotate by a certain angle by using a stepping motor, so that the signal input optical fiber 64 is coaxial with the next signal input port 4. After aligning with the signal input port 4 to be accessed, the central shaft 63 rotates to drive the signal input optical fiber 64 to be inserted into the signal input port 4, and the switching of the optical fiber path is completed. The signal input ports 4 are switched in sequence through actions of continuously pulling out, rotating, inserting and the like of the central shaft 63, after the central shaft rotates for a circle, each optical fiber channel is used once, so that the full-range switching of the optical fiber channels is realized, and the same working principle of the signal input ports 4 is adopted for the switching among the signal output ports 5. In addition, in the whole switching process, the bearing 66 on the mechanical arm 62 can prevent the signal input optical fiber 64 from being twisted and wound in the rotating process, so that the service life of the input optical fiber is effectively prolonged, and the stability of signal transmission is effectively improved.
In order to process the temperature of the battery cell acquired by the whole acquisition system, the acquisition system provided by the invention further comprises a detection device 7. The laser signal transmitting end of the detection device 7 is connected with a signal input optical fiber 64. The signal receiving end of the detection device 7 is connected with a signal output optical fiber 65.
The detection device 7 is used for emitting laser signals and determining the temperature of the battery cells according to the received scattered light signals.
The detection device 7 adopted by the invention is a DTS detection device 7 of a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system.
Therefore, based on the overall structure of the above acquisition system, the working principle of scanning and measuring the battery cell specifically is as follows:
in a normal state, the connection between the external input optical fiber connected to the detection device 7 and the inlet is disconnected, the entire lattice-shaped optical fiber line is disconnected, and no detection signal passes through the line. The detection device 7 comprises a laser signal transmitting end and a signal receiving end. The laser signal transmitting end is connected with a signal input optical fiber 64, the signal input optical fiber 64 is connected with the signal input port 4 through an optical fiber switching device, the signal input port 4 is connected with a first optical fiber 1, and the first optical fiber 1 is connected with a second optical fiber 2 through a sub-optical fiber 3. The left end of the second optical fiber 2 is connected with a signal output port 5, and the signal output port 5 is connected with a signal output optical fiber 65 through an optical fiber switching device. The signal output fiber 65 is connected to a signal receiving end of the measuring apparatus, and inputs a measurement signal.
When a laser with a certain frequency irradiates the optical fiber (the first optical fiber 1, the second optical fiber 2 and the sub-optical fiber 3), molecules in the optical fiber absorb part of energy, generate vibration with different degrees, and then scatter light with a lower frequency, which is called raman scattering. The vibration frequency of the optical fiber molecules on the detection grating 31 changes due to the change of the temperature of the battery, and the distance between the detection gratings 31 changes, so that the frequency of the scattered light of the raman scattering changes. The light sensing element is used for collecting scattered light in light, the temperature of the optical fiber implanted in the battery is further obtained through the frequency and the intensity of the light, and the internal temperature of the battery is measured. When the temperature of the battery needs to be measured, the input interface is connected with the first optical fiber 1 in the first row, the signal output port 5 is connected with the first second optical fiber 2, and at the moment, the sub-optical fiber 3 in the first row and the first column, which is engraved with the detection grating 31, forms a passage with the detection device 7. A laser measurement signal sent by a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system DTS detection device 7(CN 107796529A-a distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method and system) is returned to the detection device 7 through a path of a signal input port 4, a first optical fiber 1, a sub-optical fiber 3 to be measured, a second optical fiber 2 and a signal output port 5, the detection device 7 analyzes data according to the offset of the wavelength of scattered light and the intensity of the scattered light, and then temperature data on the sub-optical fiber 3 is obtained, and the temperature of a battery is obtained. The input end of the second optical fiber 2 is unchanged, and is sequentially switched to the second column optical fiber and the third column … … nth column optical fiber through the optical fiber switching device, and the data of the temperature on the first row nth column sub-optical fiber 3 is measured.
After all the temperature data on the second optical fiber 2 in the first row are measured, the signal output port 5 is connected to the second optical fiber 2 in the second row, and the signal input port 4 is sequentially connected with each first optical fiber 1, so that all the temperature data on the second optical fiber 2 in the second row are measured. And repeating the steps, wherein the signal output port 5 is connected to the second optical fiber 2 in the nth row, and the data of all the detection gratings 31 on the second optical fiber 2 is measured, so that the data acquisition of the sub-optical fibers 3 on the whole latticed optical fiber is completed.
The method is used for data acquisition, only one receiving device is needed, the measuring line is greatly simplified, and the timeliness of the measured data can be ensured while the rapidity of measurement is ensured.
In the thermal runaway process of the battery, the battery core serves as a heating source, heat is accumulated in the battery, and the temperature of the volume center of the battery is highest. The optical fiber is implanted into the battery, and the grating is engraved at the center of the volume of the battery and used for acquiring the central temperature of the battery. The detection of the maximum temperature inside the battery is most effective as a criterion for thermal runaway.
In order to further improve the detection accuracy, the detection grating adopted in the invention can be further implanted to the central position of the interior of the battery cell to be measured. For battery cells with different shapes, the implantation mode is different, and as shown in fig. 3a and 3b, in a soft package battery, a sub-optical fiber penetrates into a battery pack from a battery positive electrode and penetrates out from a battery negative electrode. The detection grating on the sub-optical fiber is arranged in the central gap of the battery cell winding core and is wrapped by the battery diaphragm, so that the accuracy of temperature acquisition can be improved while the insulativity is ensured. In a cylindrical battery, taking a 18650 battery as an example, a sub-optical fiber is inserted from a positive electrode and a negative electrode is extracted, and a steel core and a diaphragm are arranged between the sub-optical fiber and a battery core for separation. The position of the detection grating is located in the center of the battery electric core body so as to detect the temperature of the battery.
In summary, in the battery cell temperature acquisition system provided by the invention, the temperature of a plurality of battery cells can be measured by only one measuring device in a scanning detection mode, so that the use of the detecting device is reduced while the timeliness of data is ensured, and the production cost and the arrangement difficulty of a battery module are reduced. In addition, the specific number of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber can be selected according to the number of the actually measured single batteries, so that scanning circuits with different grid numbers are formed, and the expansion performance is good. By adopting the optical fiber switching device, the arrangement space of the signal input port and the signal output port can be reduced, and the switching timeliness of each optical fiber channel piece can be improved.
Furthermore, the temperature measuring points are directly arranged in the battery, so that more accurate internal temperature data of the battery can be obtained without adopting a battery estimation method, the accuracy of the battery thermal management system is improved, and the calculation load of the battery thermal management system on the internal temperature of the battery is reduced.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A system for acquiring the temperature of a battery cell is characterized by comprising: a plurality of first optical fibers, a plurality of second optical fibers, a plurality of sub-optical fibers, a plurality of signal input ports, and a plurality of signal output ports;
the first optical fibers are longitudinally arranged according to a set interval; the second optical fibers are transversely arranged according to a set interval;
the first optical fibers are connected with the signal input ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the second optical fibers are connected with the signal output ports in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
one end of the sub optical fiber is connected with the first optical fiber; the other end of the sub optical fiber is connected with the second optical fiber;
the sub-optical fiber is engraved with a detection grating, and the detection grating is implanted into the battery monomer;
the system also includes a fiber switching device;
the optical fiber switching device comprises a plurality of first mounting holes which are circumferentially arranged; the first mounting hole is used for mounting the signal input port or the signal output port;
the optical fiber switching apparatus further includes: the device comprises a sleeve, a mechanical arm, a central shaft, a signal input optical fiber and a signal output optical fiber;
the sleeve is sleeved on the central shaft, and the central shaft rotates or axially moves in the sleeve;
the first mounting hole is circumferentially arranged on the sleeve by taking the center of the central shaft as a circle center;
the fixed end of the mechanical arm is rigidly connected with the central shaft, and the central shaft is used for driving the mechanical arm to rotate or axially move;
a second mounting hole is formed in the free end of the mechanical arm, and the distance between the center of the second mounting hole and the center of the fixed end of the mechanical arm is equal to the distance between the center of the first mounting hole and the center of the central shaft;
the second mounting hole is used for mounting a signal input optical fiber or a signal output optical fiber; the signal input optical fiber is used for inputting a laser signal to the signal input port; the signal output optical fiber is used for outputting the scattered light signal output by the signal output port;
the central shaft is continuously pulled out, rotated and inserted to sequentially switch the signal input ports, and after one rotation, each optical fiber channel is used once, so that the switching of the optical fiber channels is realized.
2. The system for acquiring the temperature of the battery cells as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mechanical arm further comprises a bearing;
the bearing is sleeved on the signal input optical fiber or the signal output optical fiber, and the bearing is installed in the second installation hole.
3. The system for collecting the temperature of the battery cells as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a detecting device;
the laser signal transmitting end of the detection device is connected with the signal input optical fiber; the signal receiving end of the detection device is connected with the signal output optical fiber;
the detection device is used for emitting laser signals and determining the temperature of the battery cells according to the received scattered light signals.
4. The system for collecting the temperature of the battery cells as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical fiber switching device further comprises a motor for driving the central shaft to move.
5. The system for acquiring the temperature of the battery cells as claimed in claim 4, wherein the motor is a stepping motor.
6. The system for acquiring the temperature of the battery cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detection grating is implanted at a central position inside the battery cell.
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