CN110945345B - Wear determination method and wear visualization device - Google Patents
Wear determination method and wear visualization device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110945345B CN110945345B CN201880048982.8A CN201880048982A CN110945345B CN 110945345 B CN110945345 B CN 110945345B CN 201880048982 A CN201880048982 A CN 201880048982A CN 110945345 B CN110945345 B CN 110945345B
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a wear determination method and a wear visualization device, which can easily and cheaply measure the wear of an object with time. The wear determination method of the present invention is a wear determination method for determining the wear of an object with time by fixed-point observation, and is characterized by including the steps of: irradiating two laser lights with different wavelengths to the surface of the object at the same time by using different irradiation angles; and determining the wear of the object based on the color change of the surface of the object caused by the superposition of the two laser lights; in the laser light irradiation step, the optical axes of the two types of laser light intersect on the surface or inside of the object before being worn.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a wear determination method and a wear visualization device.
Background
Rubber products such as conveyor belts (conveyor belts), lining materials (lining materials), rubber dams and the like gradually deteriorate due to wear or damage and the like to reach a life span if used continuously. Therefore, if the deterioration of the rubber product becomes severe to some extent or more, the rubber product needs to be repaired or replaced. In order to confirm whether such repair or replacement is required, the rubber product is generally inspected regularly.
For example, as a method of inspecting the surface of the conveyor belt, an inspection using a light section method is known (for example, see japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2011-220683). The light section method is a measurement method based on triangulation, and is capable of grasping the position, size, or depth of a flaw on the surface of a conveyor belt in micrometers (micrometers). Therefore, the light section method is effective as a method for detecting unevenness on the surface of an object, for example, fine scratches on the surface of a main belt of a conveyor.
However, in the light section method, although the relative unevenness of the surface of the body tape can be measured with high accuracy, it is difficult to measure, for example, the amount of wear when the wear occurs over time on the entire surface of the body tape.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2011-220683
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a wear determination method and a wear visualization device that easily and inexpensively measure the wear of an object over time.
Means for solving the problems
An invention made to solve the above problems is a wear determination method for determining an aged wear of an object by fixed-point observation, the wear determination method including the steps of: irradiating two types of laser light with different wavelengths onto the surface of an object at different irradiation angles simultaneously; and determining the wear of the object based on the color change of the surface of the object caused by the superposition of the two laser lights; in the laser light irradiation step, the optical axes of the two types of laser light intersect on the surface or inside of the object before being worn.
In the wear determination method, two types of laser light having different wavelengths are simultaneously irradiated onto the surface of the object at different irradiation angles, and the optical axes of the two types of laser light intersect on the surface or inside of the object before being worn. Since the two types of laser light have different wavelengths, when the two types of laser light are irradiated independently, images of different colors are formed on the surface of the object. On the other hand, at a position where the optical axes of the two laser beams intersect, the laser beams overlap each other to form an image of a combined color. Therefore, when the optical axes of the two laser lights intersect with each other on the surface of the object before being worn, the color of the surface of the object, which is initially a composite color, is gradually divided into the colors of the respective laser lights as the wear progresses. When the optical axes of the two laser beams intersect inside the object before being worn, the color of the object surface, which is initially divided into the colors of the laser beams, becomes a composite color by the surface of the object being worn to reach the intersection position of the optical axes of the laser beams. As described above, in the wear determination method, the wear of the object with time can be determined based on the color change of the object caused by the superposition of the two laser lights. In the wear determination method, since the wear is determined by the color change, the wear can be accurately determined by, for example, visual observation, and the cost is low.
The irradiation angle of one of the two types of laser light having different wavelengths may be a right angle with respect to the surface of the object. By setting the irradiation angle of one type of laser light to be perpendicular to the surface of the object as described above, the position where the color change is to be observed does not move on the surface of the object, and thus the observation can be easily performed. In addition, errors in the position in the thickness direction where color change occurs can be reduced.
A plurality of the one type of laser light may be used, and the intersection positions of the optical axes of the plurality of laser light and the other type of laser light are different from each other in the depth direction from the surface of the object. As described above, by intersecting the optical axes of the laser beams at different positions in the depth direction from the surface of the object, the laser beam that changes in color among the plurality of the one type of laser beams changes constantly according to the amount of wear, and therefore the amount of wear of the object can be understood in more detail.
The object may be a rubber article, and may be a conveyor belt. The rubber product includes a part which is worn entirely and a part which is worn partially, and therefore the wear determination method is suitable for use in a rubber product. The wear determination method is particularly suitable for a conveyor belt in which the manner of wear is greatly different depending on the method of use.
The laser beam may be linearly irradiated to the object, and a line formed by the laser beam may be perpendicular to a conveying direction of the conveyor. As described above, by linearly irradiating the laser beam and making the line formed by the laser beam perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, it is possible to more reliably determine the wear locally occurring in the width direction of the conveyor belt by using a short line length.
Another invention made to solve the above problems is an apparatus for visualizing wear of an object with time, including a laser light irradiation section that simultaneously irradiates two types of laser light having different wavelengths onto a surface of the object at different irradiation angles, optical axes of the two types of laser light intersecting with each other on the surface or inside of the object before wear.
The wear visualization device irradiates two laser lights with different wavelengths onto the surface of an object at different irradiation angles simultaneously, and makes the optical axes of the two laser lights intersect on the surface or inside of the object before wear. Therefore, when the optical axes of the two laser beams intersect with each other on the surface of the object before being worn, the color of the surface of the object, which is originally a composite color, is gradually divided into the colors of the laser beams as the wear progresses. When the optical axes of the two laser beams intersect inside the object before being worn, the color of the object surface, which is initially divided into the colors of the laser beams, changes to a composite color by the surface of the object being worn to the intersection position of the optical axes of the laser beams. Therefore, by using the wear visualization device, it is possible to determine the wear of the object with time based on the color change of the object caused by the superposition of the two laser lights. In addition, in the wear visualization device, since the wear is determined by a color change, the wear can be accurately determined by, for example, visual observation. Therefore, a device for determining wear may not be necessary, so by using the wear visualizing device, wear determination can be performed inexpensively.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
As described above, by using the wear determination method and the wear visualization device of the present invention, the wear of the object over time can be easily and inexpensively measured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a wear visualization device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic side view showing the intersection position of the optical axes of two laser lights of the wear visualization device of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a state in which two laser beams of the abrasion visualization device of fig. 1 are irradiated to the body band before abrasion.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view showing a state where two types of laser light of the wear visualization device of fig. 1 are irradiated to the worn body band.
Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view showing a state where two types of laser light of the wear visualization device of fig. 1 are irradiated to a body band where wear has locally occurred.
Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing a wear visualization device different from that of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic side view showing the intersection position of the optical axes of two laser lights of the wear visualization device of fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a state where two laser beams of the abrasion visualization device of fig. 6 are irradiated to a body band where abrasion is locally generated.
Fig. 9 is a schematic side view showing a crossing position of optical axes of two laser lights in a wear visualization device different from those in fig. 1 and 6.
Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing a wear visualization device different from those shown in fig. 1, 6, and 9.
Fig. 11 is a schematic plan view showing a wear visualization device including a laser light irradiation section of a different configuration from that of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
[ first embodiment ]
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as appropriate.
[ wear visualization device ]
The wear visualization device 1 shown in fig. 1 is a device for visualizing the wear of the main belt X1 of the conveyor belt X as an object with time. The wear visualization device 1 includes a laser light irradiation section 10. The laser light irradiation unit 10 includes a first line laser irradiator 11 and a second line laser irradiator 12, and the first line laser irradiator 11 and the second line laser irradiator 12 simultaneously irradiate two types of laser light L1, L2 having different wavelengths onto the surface of the main body band X1 at different irradiation angles.
< conveyor Belt >
The conveyor belt X is configured to be movable by placing a main belt X1 as a belt-like body between a pair of pulleys (not shown). The conveyor belt X includes a support roller X2 for supporting the main belt X1 between the pulleys from below.
The body belt X1 may have a core such as canvas or a metal cord (metal cord) inside, but at least the outer surface and the inner surface may include a cover rubber (cover gum). The material of the coating rubber of the main belt X1 is not particularly limited as long as it has flexibility and elasticity, and examples thereof include natural rubber, butadiene Rubber (BR), styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM), ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM), isoprene Rubber (IR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), acrylonitrile-isoprene rubber (NIR), and the like, which may be used alone or in combination. The main body belt X1 may have a multilayer structure.
The width of the body band X1 depends on the size of the transported object, the amount of transportation per unit time, and the like, and may be, for example, 300mm or more and 3000mm or less. The length of the body belt X1 depends on the distance to convey the conveyed object, and may be, for example, 10m or more and 40000m or less.
The lower limit of the average thickness of the body band X1 is preferably 3mm, more preferably 10mm. On the other hand, the upper limit of the average thickness of the body band X1 is preferably 50mm, and more preferably 30mm. If the average thickness of the body band X1 is less than the lower limit, the strength of the body band X1 may be insufficient. On the contrary, if the average thickness of the body belt X1 exceeds the upper limit, the body belt X1 may have insufficient flexibility and be difficult to be wound around the outer periphery of the pulley.
Further, a plurality of wire ropes (steel cord) or the like may be embedded in the body belt X1 so as to be parallel to the traveling direction, for example. By embedding a plurality of wire ropes as described above, the tension applied to the body belt X1 can be maintained, and a wide belt or a belt that is transported over a long distance can be realized.
The material of the pulley and the support roller X2 is not particularly limited as long as the belt X1 can be driven or supported, and for example, a metal such as steel can be used.
The diameter of the pulley is appropriately determined according to the use of the conveyor belt X, and the lower limit of the diameter of the pulley is preferably 80mm, and more preferably 100mm. On the other hand, as the upper limit of the diameter of the pulley, 3000mm is preferable, and 2500mm is more preferable. If the diameter of the pulley is less than the lower limit, the pulley needs to be rotated at a high speed in order to increase the traveling speed of the belt X1, and thus the energy consumption may be unnecessarily increased. On the other hand, if the diameter of the pulley exceeds the upper limit, the height of the conveyor belt X is unnecessarily increased, and the setting may become difficult.
The diameter of the support roller X2 is appropriately determined according to the diameter of the pulley and the like, but as a lower limit of the diameter of the support roller X2, 50mm is preferable, and 70mm is more preferable. On the other hand, as the upper limit of the diameter of the support roller X2, 250mm is preferable, and 200mm is more preferable. If the diameter of the support roller X2 is less than the lower limit, the rotation at a high speed is required to follow the traveling speed of the main belt X1, and therefore, the amount of heat generation may increase, and the main belt X1 may be deteriorated at an early stage. Conversely, if the diameter of the support roller X2 exceeds the upper limit, it may be difficult to dispose the support roller on the inner surface side of the body belt X1 constituting a closed loop (closed loop).
< laser light irradiation part >
As the first and second line laser irradiators 11 and 12 of the laser light irradiation section 10, a known line laser can be used.
The main belt X1 is linearly irradiated with laser light L1 and laser light L2 by a first line laser irradiator 11 and a second line laser irradiator 12, and a line formed by the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 is perpendicular to a conveying direction (a direction of an arrow in fig. 1) of the conveyor belt X. As described above, by linearly irradiating the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 to the main belt X1 and making the line formed by the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt X, it is possible to more reliably determine the wear locally occurring in the width direction of the conveyor belt X by using a short line length.
The line lengths of the laser light L1 (hereinafter also simply referred to as "first laser light L1") irradiated by the first line laser irradiator 11 and the laser light L2 (hereinafter also simply referred to as "second laser light L1") irradiated by the second line laser irradiator 12 are preferably equal to each other. The line widths of the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 are preferably equal to each other. By making the line length and the line width of the first laser light L1 and the second laser light L2 equal, the two are superposed without a gap, and therefore, the wear determination can be made easily.
The lower limit of the line length of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 is preferably 30%, more preferably 50%, and still more preferably 70% of the width of the body band X1. On the other hand, the upper limit of the line length of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 is preferably 100% of the width of the body tape X1, and more preferably 90%. By setting the line lengths of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 within the above ranges, the wear locally generated in the body belt X1 can be made less likely to be overlooked.
The lower limit of the line width of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 is preferably 0.5mm, and more preferably 1mm. On the other hand, the upper limit of the line width of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 is preferably 5mm, and more preferably 3mm. If the line widths of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 are less than the lower limit, the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 themselves may be difficult to confirm. Conversely, if the line widths of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 exceed the upper limit, the overlap between the first laser light L1 and the second laser light L2 may be difficult to confirm.
The first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 have different wavelengths.
The lower limit of the wavelength of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 is preferably 400nm, and more preferably 450nm. On the other hand, the upper limit of the wavelength of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 is preferably 750nm, and more preferably 700nm. If the wavelengths of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 are outside the above ranges, they become invisible light, and thus it may be difficult to determine them by visual observation.
The lower limit of the difference in the wavelengths of the two laser beams L1 and L2 is preferably 100nm, and more preferably 150nm. On the other hand, the upper limit of the difference between the wavelengths of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 is preferably 350nm, and more preferably 300nm. If the difference between the wavelengths of the laser beams L1 and L2 is less than the lower limit, the color change when the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 overlap each other is small, and it may be difficult to determine the abrasion. Conversely, if the difference in the wavelength of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 exceeds the upper limit, both the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 cannot be made visible, and determination by visual observation may become difficult. In addition, both the first laser light L1 and the second laser light L2 may have a high wavelength.
As the two types of laser light L1, L2, for example, the first laser light L1 may be green (wavelength of 500nm to 560 nm), and the second laser light L2 may be red (wavelength of 610nm to 750 nm). When the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 overlap each other, the color of the body band X1 at the position can be recognized as yellow (wavelength of 570nm to 590 nm). Hereinafter, the first laser light L1 is red, the second laser light L2 is green, and the color when the two are superimposed is yellow.
As shown in fig. 2, the optical axes of the two laser beams L1 and L2 intersect inside the body band X1 before being worn. The average distance (D in fig. 2) from the surface of the body belt X1 before wear to the intersection position may be equal to the amount of wear that is determined to be increased in wear and needs to be replaced or repaired. As described above, the average distance D is equal to the wear amount to be determined, so that when the wear is increased until it is considered that replacement or repair is necessary, the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 overlap each other, and the color of the surface of the body tape X1 changes from red or green to yellow. Therefore, it can be easily determined that the body belt X1 is worn.
The abrasion loss can be calculated from the remaining thickness of the coating rubber. That is, since the body tape X1 needs to be replaced or repaired when the remaining thickness of the coating rubber is equal to or less than a predetermined amount, for example, equal to or less than 2mm, the amount obtained by removing the necessary remaining thickness of the coating rubber from the thickness of the original body tape X1 becomes the wear amount determined to need replacement or repair. The abrasion loss varies depending on the product, and may be set to 0.5mm or more and 16mm or less, for example.
The irradiation angle of the first laser beam L1 is a right angle with respect to the surface of the body band X1. As described above, by setting the irradiation angle of the first laser light L1 to be a right angle with respect to the surface of the body band X1, the position of the first laser light L1, at which the color change should be observed, does not move on the surface of the body band X1, and thus the observation can be easily performed. Further, for example, even when the main belt X1 vibrates, the position of the surface of the main belt X1 does not move, and thus an error in the position in the thickness direction in which a color change occurs can be made less likely to occur.
The position at which the first laser beam L1 is irradiated onto the surface of the main belt X1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a position facing the support roller X2. At the position where the body belt X1 is in contact with the support roller X2, the vibration of the body belt X1 is small, and the position of the body belt X1 is easily fixed. Therefore, by setting the irradiation position of the first laser light L1 to the facing position of the support roller X2, the wear determination can be stably performed.
The irradiation angle of the second laser beam L2 is different from the irradiation angle of the first laser beam L1. The irradiation angle of the second laser light L2 is determined by the average distance D from the surface of the body band X1 before abrasion to the intersection position, but is preferably 20 degrees, more preferably 30 degrees as the lower limit of the angle (θ in fig. 2) formed by the first laser light L1 and the second laser light L2. On the other hand, as the upper limit of the angle θ, 60 degrees is preferable, and 45 degrees is more preferable. If the angle θ is less than the lower limit, the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 may not be sufficiently separated from each other before the abrasion of the body belt X1, and the abrasion determination may become difficult. Conversely, if the angle θ exceeds the upper limit, the irradiation angle of the second laser beam L2 becomes too shallow, and it may become difficult to intersect the optical axis with the first laser beam L1 at a position where a required amount of abrasion is present.
In fig. 1, the second laser beam L2 is irradiated from the upstream side in the conveying direction at an angle, but the second laser beam L2 may be irradiated from the downstream side in the conveying direction.
[ wear judging method ]
The wear determination method determines the wear of the main belt X1 of the conveyor belt X as an object with time by fixed-point observation. The wear determination method includes a laser light irradiation step and a wear determination step. The wear determination method may be performed by using the wear visualization device 1 shown in fig. 1.
< laser light irradiation Process >
In the laser light irradiation step, two types of laser light L1, L2 having different wavelengths are simultaneously irradiated onto the surface of the body belt X1 at different irradiation angles.
The irradiation of the two types of laser beams L1 and L2 may be performed continuously or intermittently, that is, intermittently with a fixed interval, as long as they are performed simultaneously, but the positions and irradiation angles of the first line laser irradiator 11 and the second line laser irradiator 12 with respect to the body band X1 of the wear visualization device 1 are not changed. Thus, in the wear determination method, the wear of the body band X1 with time is observed at a fixed point.
< wear judging step >
In the wear determination step, the wear of the main body belt X1 is determined based on the color change of the main body belt X1 caused by the superposition of the two laser beams L1 and L2.
A specific wear determination method will be described with reference to fig. 3 and 4. When the body tape X1 is in an unworn state (before being worn), two laser beams L1 and L2 are irradiated to different positions on the surface of the body tape X1 as shown in fig. 3. Therefore, on the surface of the body tape X1, lines can be recognized as different lines, that is, the line irradiated with the first laser light L1 is red, and the line irradiated with the second laser light L2 is green. As the abrasion of the body band X1 increases, the line formed by the second laser light L2 gradually approaches the line formed by the first laser light L1 according to the amount of abrasion. When the wear of the body tape X1 reaches the predetermined wear amount D, as shown in fig. 4, the line formed by the first laser beam L1 and the line formed by the second laser beam L2 overlap each other, and the line is recognized as yellow, which is a composite color of red and green. In this way, the abrasion of the body band X1 can be determined based on the color change of the object caused by the superposition of the two laser lights L1 and L2.
The determination may be performed automatically by image recognition by imaging the surface of the subject band X1, but may be performed by visual observation. Since the color changes, it can be easily determined even by visual observation. Therefore, it is not necessary to use an automatic determination device, and therefore the wear determination method can be implemented at low cost.
In the wear determination method, the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 are linearly irradiated to the main belt X1, and a line formed by the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt X. Therefore, in the wear determination method, it is also possible to determine the wear locally occurring with respect to the width direction of the conveyor belt X. That is, as shown in fig. 5, only the partially worn portion is overlapped with the line irradiated with the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 (M1 in fig. 5), and the color of the line is changed to yellow. On the other hand, in a portion where abrasion is not generated, the lines irradiated with the first laser light L1 and the second laser light L2 can be recognized as different lines of red and green, respectively.
[ advantages ]
In the wear visualization device 1 and the wear determination method, two types of laser light L1, L2 having different wavelengths are simultaneously irradiated onto the surface of the body belt X1 at different irradiation angles, and the optical axes of the two types of laser light L1, L2 intersect inside the body belt X1 before being worn. Since the two types of laser beams L1 and L2 have different wavelengths, when they are irradiated separately, images of different colors are formed on the surface of the body tape X1. On the other hand, at the position where the optical axes of the two laser lights L1 and L2 intersect, the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 overlap each other to form an image of a synthesized color. Therefore, regarding the color of the surface of the body tape X1, which is first divided into the colors of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2, becomes a composite color by the surface of the body tape X1 reaching the intersection position of the optical axes of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 due to abrasion. As described above, in the wear visualization device 1 and the wear determination method, the wear of the body band X1 with time can be determined based on the color change of the body band X1 caused by the superposition of the two laser lights L1 and L2. In the wear visualization device 1 and the wear determination method, since wear is determined by a color change, it can be accurately determined by, for example, visual observation, and the cost is low.
[ second embodiment ]
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as appropriate.
[ wear visualization device ]
The wear visualization device 2 shown in fig. 6 is a device for visualizing the wear of the main belt X1 of the conveyor belt X as an object with time. The wear visualization device 2 includes a laser light irradiation section 20. The laser light irradiation unit 20 includes a first line laser irradiator 21 and a second line laser irradiator 22, and the first line laser irradiator 21 and the second line laser irradiator 22 simultaneously irradiate two types of laser light L1, L2 having different wavelengths onto the surface of the main body band X1 at different irradiation angles.
In the wear visualization device 2, the first line laser irradiator 21 is configured to be able to irradiate a plurality of laser beams L1. In fig. 6, the first line laser irradiator 21 irradiates three laser lights L1. Hereinafter, a case where the laser light L1 is three will be described as an example, but the number of the laser lights L1 is not limited to three, and may be two or four or more.
As shown in fig. 6, the first line laser irradiator 21 for irradiating three laser beams L1 may be configured by combining three line lasers, or may include one line laser capable of irradiating three lines at the same time. In the case of a configuration in which three line lasers are combined, as shown in fig. 6, three line lasers may be arranged in the conveying direction, but when the line interval to be irradiated to the surface of the main body tape X1 is to be made small, the irradiation angle of each line laser may be changed. In the above case, the three line lasers may be arranged perpendicularly to the conveying direction, and may be irradiated from the above position to a desired line position. With the above configuration, even when the line interval is small, the three line lasers can be irradiated at the same irradiation angle, and therefore the wear amount can be detected with high accuracy.
The three laser beams L1 are all linearly irradiated onto the surface of the main belt X1, and the line formed by the laser beams L1 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt X. That is, three lines formed on the surface of the body tape X1 are parallel to each other.
As shown in fig. 7, the optical axes of the three first laser beams L1 and the second laser beam L2 intersect inside the body band X1 before being worn. The intersection positions are different from each other in the thickness direction (depth direction from the surface) of the body belt X1 (in fig. 7, the average distances from the surface are d1, d2, and d3, respectively).
The average interval of the lines formed by the adjacent first laser beams L1 is determined based on the irradiation angle of the second laser beams L2 and the amount of wear to be detected (average distance d1 to average distance d3 in fig. 7), but may be fixed regardless of the line. That is, the three lines are preferably arranged at equal intervals. When three lines are arranged at equal intervals, the intervals of the amounts of wear to be detected (the difference between d1 and d2, and the difference between d2 and d 3) are also equal. This makes it easy to grasp the wear amount. The average interval between lines formed by the adjacent first laser beams L1 is preferably 80% to 120% of the average width of the lines irradiated with the first laser beams L1. By setting the average interval of the lines formed by the adjacent first laser light L1 within the above range, the amount of wear due to color change can be easily determined.
The three first laser beams L1 may not have the same wavelength as long as they have a different wavelength from the second laser beam L2, but preferably have the same wavelength.
Further, the position at which the three first laser beams L1 are irradiated onto the surface of the main belt X1 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the irradiation position of one first laser beam L1 among the three first laser beams is a position facing the support roller X2. More preferably, the irradiation position of the second first laser beam L1 at the center, i.e., from the upstream side in the conveying direction, is a position facing the support roller X2.
In addition to the above, each of the first line laser irradiators 21 can be configured in the same manner as the first line laser irradiator 11 of the wear visualization device 1 of fig. 1, and therefore, other descriptions are omitted. The second line laser irradiator 22 can be configured in the same manner as the second line laser irradiator 22 of the wear visualization device 1 of fig. 1, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.
[ wear judging method ]
The wear determination method determines the wear of the main belt X1 of the conveyor belt X as an object with time by fixed-point observation. The wear determination method includes a laser light irradiation step and a wear determination step. The wear determination method can be performed by using the wear visualization device 2 shown in fig. 6.
< laser light irradiation Process >
The laser light irradiation step is the same as the laser light irradiation step of the wear determination method of the first embodiment, and therefore, description thereof is omitted.
< abrasion determination Process >
In the wear determination step, the wear of the body belt X1 is determined based on a color change of the object caused by the superposition of the two laser beams L1 and L2.
In the wear determination step, the determination of wear can be performed in the same manner as in the wear determination step of the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, since there are three first laser beams L1, more detailed determination can be made.
A specific example will be described with reference to fig. 8. Fig. 8 shows a state where the body band X1 is irradiated with the two laser beams L1 and L2 of the wear visualizing device 2, and the body band X1 is worn as a whole and also partially. In fig. 8, the second laser beam L2 partially overlaps the first laser beam L1 on the side closer to the second line laser irradiator 22 in a plan view (M1 in fig. 8), and partially overlaps the second first laser beam L1 (M2 in fig. 8). Here, the overlap with the first laser beam L1 is a case where the abrasion amount reaches d1, and the overlap with the second laser beam L1 is a case where the abrasion amount reaches d 2. Therefore, in the state of fig. 8, it can be determined that the wear amount of the body belt X1 is approximately d1, and a portion where the wear is increased and the wear amount reaches d2 is locally present.
[ advantages ]
In the wear visualization device 2 and the wear determination method, the plurality of first laser beams L1 and the one second laser beam L2 intersect at different positions in the thickness direction of the body belt X1, so that the first laser beam L1 having a color change among the three first laser beams L1 is constantly changed in accordance with the wear amount, and therefore the wear amount of the body belt X1 can be understood in more detail.
[ other embodiments ]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented in various modifications and improvements other than the above-described embodiments.
In the above embodiment, the case where the optical axes of the two laser lights intersect inside the body band before being worn out has been described, but the optical axes of the two laser lights may intersect on the surface of the body band before being worn out as shown in fig. 9. In this case, the two laser beams overlap each other in a state before the abrasion, and a color change (for example, yellow) occurs in the line irradiated to the body band, and the two laser beams are irradiated to different positions of the body band as the abrasion becomes more serious, and are separated into, for example, red and green lines. Therefore, the wear can be determined to be increased by changing the composite color in which the colors of the two laser lights overlap to a single color.
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the irradiation angle of one type of laser light (first laser light) is perpendicular to the surface of the body band has been described, but the configuration of the present invention is not limited to this, and a configuration in which both types of laser light are not perpendicular may be employed. In this case, for example, the two laser beams may be irradiated from positions facing each other with respect to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt, or may be irradiated from the same direction with the irradiation angle changed. In the case of a configuration in which the irradiation angles of both laser beams are not perpendicular, the angle θ formed by the first laser beam L1 and the second laser beam L2 is preferably 45 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less.
In the second embodiment, the case where the first laser light is irradiated vertically is described, but the second laser light may be provided in plural and the first laser light may be provided in one. In addition, the first laser beam and the second laser beam may be both plural. For example, when the first laser beam and the second laser beam are both three, the following method can be used: a pair (pair) of the first laser beam and the second laser beam is configured to detect a desired amount of wear; as shown in fig. 10, the three second laser beams L2 emitted from the second laser irradiator 32 are arranged in the width direction of the belt body X1 at different emission angles, and different amounts of wear are detected, for example, depending on the positions in the width direction.
In the above-described embodiment, a line laser is used as the laser for irradiating the laser light, but the invention is not limited to the line laser, and a pointer type laser may be used.
In the above embodiment, the case where the line formed by the laser light is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt has been described, but the line may not be perpendicular to the conveying direction.
In the embodiment, the case where the wear determination of the belt including the support rollers is performed has been described, but it may be applied to a belt not including the support rollers.
In the above embodiment, the laser irradiation section is disposed on the inner side in the width direction of the conveyor belt in a plan view, but the laser irradiation section may be disposed on the outer side in the width direction of the conveyor belt in a plan view. Fig. 11 shows the following case: in the wear visualization device according to the first embodiment, the laser irradiation unit 10 is disposed on the outer side in the width direction of the conveyor belt X1 in a plan view. As described above, by disposing the laser irradiation section 10 on the outer side in the width direction of the conveyor belt X1 in a plan view, even when the conveyed object conveyed on the conveyor belt X1 is scattered, the scattered conveyed object is less likely to collide with the laser irradiation section 10. Therefore, contamination of the irradiation surface of the laser irradiation unit 10 by the conveyed object and failure of the laser irradiation unit 10 due to collision with the conveyed object can be reduced.
When the laser irradiation unit 10 is disposed outside the conveyor belt X1 in the width direction in plan view, the laser irradiation unit 10 may irradiate the laser beam from one side, but as shown in fig. 11, the laser irradiation unit 10 may be disposed on both sides outside the conveyor belt X1 in the width direction, and may irradiate the laser beam L1 and the laser beam L2 from both sides. By irradiating the laser beams L1 and L2 as described above, the first line laser irradiator 11 and the second laser irradiator 12 may be configured to irradiate the conveyor belt X1 by half the width thereof, for example, as shown in fig. 11. Therefore, the irradiation angle of the laser light L1 and the laser light L2 to the conveyor belt X1 can be suppressed from becoming too shallow depending on the position, and therefore, the wear determination can be performed stably.
The application range of the present invention is not limited to the conveyor belt, and the presence or absence of abrasion can be easily determined by irradiating the surface of an object that can be observed at a fixed point with laser light. Among them, rubber products such as a conveyor belt, a lining material, a rubber dam include a wholly worn part and a partially worn part, so that the wear determination method can be applied to a rubber product, and is particularly suitable for a conveyor belt whose wear pattern is largely different depending on the application method.
Industrial applicability
As described above, by using the wear determination method and the wear visualization device of the present invention, the wear of the object over time can be easily and inexpensively measured.
Description of the symbols
1. 2, 3: wear visualization device
10. 20, 30: laser light irradiation unit
11. 21, 31: first line laser irradiator
12. 22, 32: second line laser irradiator
L1, L2: laser light
X: conveyor belt
X1: body belt
X2: support roller
Claims (7)
1. A wear determination method for determining the wear of an object with time by fixed-point observation, the wear determination method comprising:
irradiating two types of laser light with different wavelengths to the surface of the object at different irradiation angles; and
determining the abrasion of the object based on the color change of the surface of the object caused by the superposition of the two laser lights; and is
In the laser light irradiation step, the optical axes of the two types of laser light intersect on the surface or inside of the object before being worn.
2. The wear determination method according to claim 1, wherein an irradiation angle of one of the two laser lights having different wavelengths is a right angle with respect to a surface of the object.
3. The wear determination method according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the one laser light is used, and intersection positions of optical axes of the one laser light and the other laser light are different from each other in a depth direction from a surface of the object.
4. The wear determination method according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the object is a rubber product.
5. The wear determination method according to claim 4, wherein the rubber article is a conveyor belt.
6. The wear determination method according to claim 5, wherein
Irradiating the laser light to an object in a line shape,
the line formed by the laser light is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt.
7. A wear visualization device that visualizes elapsed wear of an object, the wear visualization device characterized by comprising:
a laser light irradiation unit that simultaneously irradiates two types of laser light having different wavelengths onto a surface of an object at different irradiation angles; and is
The optical axes of the two laser lights intersect on the surface or inside of the object before being worn.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2017145246 | 2017-07-27 | ||
| JP2017-145246 | 2017-07-27 | ||
| PCT/JP2018/028346 WO2019022253A1 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | Wear determination method and wear visualization device |
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| CN110945345A CN110945345A (en) | 2020-03-31 |
| CN110945345B true CN110945345B (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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| CN111664808A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-09-15 | 洛阳矿山机械工程设计研究院有限责任公司 | Crusher lining plate detection method based on contour scanning |
| CN113084596B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-05-13 | 台州市椒江永固船舶螺旋桨厂 | Propeller polishing production process and polishing and measuring integrated machine thereof |
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| WO2019022253A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
| CN110945345A (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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