CN110941027B - Method and system for calculating carbonate karst etching hole type geothermal energy reserves - Google Patents
Method and system for calculating carbonate karst etching hole type geothermal energy reserves Download PDFInfo
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- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
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- G01V2210/63—Seismic attributes, e.g. amplitude, polarity, instant phase
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Abstract
A method for calculating carbonate karst etching hole type geothermal energy reserves comprises a first step of obtaining seismic wave data, and processing the seismic wave data to obtain position information of a geothermal energy reservoir as first information; a second step of acquiring information of a well communicated with the geothermal energy reservoir as second information; a third step of acquiring the top and bottom boundary information of the carbonate rock erosion hole as third information according to the first information and the second information; and a fourth step of obtaining the volume of the carbonate rock erosion hole according to the third information, and further obtaining the geothermal energy storage capacity of the carbonate rock erosion hole. The method combines the seismic data with the well drilling information, and correlates the information such as the position and the volume of the geothermal energy storage layer with the actual geothermal energy storage amount aiming at the carbonate karst etching hole type geothermal energy storage layer, so that the determination of the geothermal energy storage amount is more accurate and convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geothermal reservoir exploration in general, and in particular relates to a method and a system for determining the geothermal reserves of a carbonate karst etching hole type geothermal energy reservoir.
Background
At present, a precise description method for a mature carbonate karst-etching hole-type geothermal energy reservoir is not available, and complex well conditions such as target layer deviation and the like are often encountered in the actual exploration, development and drilling processes of a carbonate fracture-hole type oil-gas reservoir, and the method is especially important for the design of a vertical well and a target layer. How to ensure that a drilling target point can be well determined, a better drilling effect can be kept, the aim of efficient exploration and development is achieved, a carbonate karst cave reservoir development area with higher reliability is selected, and the definition of a high-quality reservoir development point is the key for solving the problem.
The application of a spectral decomposition tuning body technology in quantitative pre-drilling of a thin reservoir (Weishiping. oil geophysical exploration, 2009, 44(3): 337-340) discloses the application of the spectral decomposition tuning body technology in quantitative pre-drilling of the thin reservoir, and the spectral decomposition tuning body technology is a technology for converting seismic data from a time domain to a frequency domain by methods such as discrete Fourier transform or maximum entropy and the like and performing geological interpretation on the seismic data in the frequency domain by using an amplitude spectrum and a phase spectrum. The spectrum decomposition tuning body technology is used for quantitative study of the thickness of the thin reservoir, the pre-drilling precision of the thickness of the thin reservoir is equivalent to that of the reservoir subjected to seismic inversion, the thickness variation characteristic of the thin reservoir can be objectively revealed, and meanwhile, the spectrum decomposition tuning body technology has the characteristics of high calculation speed, low dependence degree on drilling data and the like and is suitable for pre-drilling the reservoir in a exploration area with less drilling data.
The application of the frequency division interpretation technology in the characterization of the reservoir (mineral rock volume 23, 3 rd, page 104-108, 2003) adopts a unique frequency spectrum decomposition and interpretation technology, namely the frequency division interpretation technology, of short-time window discrete Fourier transform and maximum entropy method, so that the reservoir transverse change rule is researched by tuning the corresponding relation of the amplitude in a frequency domain, and the seismic interpretation can obtain a time resolution result which is higher than the conventional seismic dominant frequency and corresponds to 1/4 wavelengths. The application of the frequency division interpretation technology solves the problem that the interpreter is puzzled for a long time to divide and determine the lithologic reservoir boundary only by depending on the drilling data.
The prior art respectively processes the seismic data by using a frequency division interpretation technology, when the technology is applied to the exploration and drilling of the carbonate karst cavern type geothermal energy reservoir, the positions of zero amplitude of reflected waves are corresponding to the upper and lower interfaces of a karst cavern in the original form of the seismic data, and when the seismic data are converted from a time domain to a frequency domain, the upper and lower boundaries of the karst cavern are defined to be unclear, so that the position of the carbonate karst cavern type geothermal energy reservoir cannot be accurately determined.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for accurately determining the geothermal energy storage capacity of a carbonate karst etching hole type geothermal energy reservoir.
The invention provides a method for calculating carbonate karst-etching hole type geothermal energy reserves, which comprises a first step S1 of obtaining seismic wave data and processing the seismic wave data to obtain position information of a geothermal energy reservoir as first information; a second step S2 of acquiring information of a well bore communicated with the geothermal energy reservoir as second information; a third step S3 of obtaining the top and bottom boundary information of the carbonate rock erosion hole as third information according to the first information and the second information; and a fourth step S4, obtaining the volume of the carbonate rock erosion hole according to the third information, and further obtaining the geothermal energy storage capacity of the carbonate rock erosion hole.
According to one embodiment of the invention, processing the seismic wave data comprises one or more of trace integration, Fourier transform, and coherent analysis of the seismic wave data.
According to one embodiment of the invention, processing the seismic wave data comprises performing seismic trace integration on the seismic wave data, and then performing fourier transform and coherence analysis processing.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the first information is position information of a horizontal distribution of the geothermal energy reservoir.
According to one embodiment of the invention, obtaining information about a well in communication with the geothermal energy reservoir comprises sampling a well that is in communication with the geothermal energy reservoir.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the drilled well is one or more.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the obtaining of information about a well in communication with the geothermal energy reservoir comprises sampling a new well based on the first information, and obtaining the information about the well as the second information.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the new well is one or more.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the information of the borehole comprises lithology, physical properties and fluid property information of a target layer of the geothermal energy reservoir obtained by measuring gamma rays, electric resistance and sound waves.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the third step S3 further includes converting the third information into a data volume with time as an axis in the vertical direction, and converting the third information into a data volume with depth as an axis in the vertical direction:
screening a group of optimal seismic characteristic parameters from the seismic data by combining with known well point information, normalizing the seismic data and the well point interval velocity, setting the mean value of the seismic data and the well point interval velocity as 0 and the variance as 1, and determining the interval velocity VsWith n seismic parameters SiThe following linear relationship is present: :
Vs＝a0+a1S1+a2S2+…+anSnwherein a isiIs a undetermined constant, i ═ 0, 1.., n;
a can be obtained by using known well point dataiI.e. to minimize the following:
M＝∑(Vwi-Vsi)2 i＝1,2,...,m
in the formula VwiIs the actual interval velocity, V, of the ith wellsiAnd m is the stratum speed of the ith well pre-drilled, and the number of available wells.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fourth step S4 further includes combining the third information and the first information to obtain the volume of the entire geothermal reservoir, and thus the geothermal reservoir.
According to another aspect of the invention, the system for calculating the carbonate karst cave type geothermal energy reserves comprises a seismic information processing module 1, a well drilling information acquisition module 2, a karst cave boundary calculation module 3, a geothermal energy reserve calculation module 4, and the seismic information processing module 1, wherein the seismic information processing module is used for acquiring seismic wave data and processing the seismic wave data to obtain the position information of the geothermal energy reserves as first information; the drilling information acquisition module 2 is used for acquiring drilling information communicated with the geothermal energy reservoir layer as second information; the eroded cave boundary calculation module 3 is used for acquiring carbonate rock eroded cave boundary information as third information according to the first information and the second information; and the geothermal storage capacity calculation module 4 is used for obtaining the volume of the carbonate rock corrosion hole according to the third information, and further obtaining the geothermal storage capacity of the carbonate rock corrosion hole.
The method converts the seismic data of the reaction hole boundary from the axis position to the display by utilizing the wave crests and the wave troughs, and ensures that the boundary description is more accurate after the corresponding Fourier transform is carried out; the top and bottom boundaries of the single carbonate corrosion hole are determined by combining the drilling information and the seismic data, and the volume of the overall geothermal energy reservoir is obtained by the corresponding relation between the drilling information and the seismic data, so that the geothermal energy reserve is accurately obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for calculating carbonate karst cavern-type geothermal energy reserves;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the plan position of the erosion hole;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a borehole and an erosion hole;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the three-dimensional spatial location of an erosion hole;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the effective porosity of an erosion hole;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of erosion hole volume; and
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the steps of a method of calculating carbonate karst cavern-type geothermal energy reserves.
Detailed Description
In the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration, specific features of the invention, such that the advantages and features of the invention may be more readily understood and appreciated. The following description is an embodiment of the claimed invention, and other embodiments related to the claims not specifically described also fall within the scope of the claims.
Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a system for calculating carbonate karst cavern-type geothermal energy reserves.
As shown in fig. 1, a system for calculating carbonate karst cave type geothermal energy reserves comprises a seismic information processing module 1, a drilling information acquisition module 2, a karst cave boundary calculation module 3, a geothermal energy storage calculation module 4, and the seismic information processing module 1, configured to acquire seismic wave data, process the seismic wave data, and obtain position information of the geothermal energy reservoir as first information; the well drilling information acquisition module 2 is used for performing well drilling sampling according to the first information and acquiring well drilling information as second information; the eroded cave boundary calculation module 3 is used for acquiring carbonate rock eroded cave boundary information as third information according to the first information and the second information; and the geothermal energy storage calculation module 4 is used for obtaining the geothermal energy storage according to the third information.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the planar position of the erosion holes.
As shown in fig. 2, the first information includes the planar position of the erosion hole, including the center point, the shape, and other information. The first information is obtained by performing filtering and denoising procedures on original seismic data and then performing technical processing such as seismic trace integration, Fourier transform, coherent analysis and the like.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a drilled and eroded cavity.
As shown in fig. 3, the drilling information module is configured to obtain drilling information, where the drilling is a drilling capable of communicating with the thermal energy reservoir, and may be a drilling already performed in the process of obtaining the first information, or a new drilling well in which a location corresponding to an erosion hole is specially selected for obtaining the drilling information based on the first information.
And measuring the drilled well, respectively measuring natural gamma rays, sound waves, lithology, density and the like by sampling the drilled well in the depth direction, comprehensively interpreting the information to obtain the top and bottom positions of the erosion hole, wherein the different development conditions of the erosion hole may cause various conditions of emptying, blowout, leakage and the like of the drilled well in the drilling process.
The synthetic record of the well is formed by the seismic record which is converted by artificial synthesis by using acoustic logging or vertical seismic profile data. And through the synthetic record of the drilled well, corresponding the seismic section of the first information to the actual drilled well, and determining the specific position of the top and the bottom of the erosion hole in the seismic section of the first information and the value corresponding to the top and the bottom position in the first information, namely the erosion hole boundary reference value.
Selecting different well bores, obtaining a series of boundary reference values of the erosion cavities, and carrying out normalization processing on the reference values to obtain the boundary values of the erosion cavities as third information.
The third information is a data volume taking time as an axis in the vertical direction, and needs to be converted into a data volume taking depth as an axis in the vertical direction:
screening a group of optimal seismic characteristic parameters from the seismic data by combining with known well point information, normalizing the seismic data and the well point interval velocity, setting the mean value of the seismic data and the well point interval velocity as 0 and the variance as 1, and determining the interval velocity VsWith n seismic parameters SiThe following linear relationship is present:
Vs＝a0+a1S1+a2S2+…+anSnwherein a isiIs a undetermined constant, i ═ 0, 1.., n;
a can be obtained by using known well point dataiI.e. to minimize the following:
M＝∑(Vwi-Vsi)2 i＝1,2,...,m
in the formula VwiIs the actual interval velocity, V, of the ith wellsiAnd m is the stratum speed of the ith well pre-drilled, and the number of available wells.
The velocity body was obtained by the above method.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional spatial position of the erosion holes.
As shown in fig. 4, the three-dimensional spatial position of the erosion hole is determined by the above-mentioned velocity volume in combination with the third information.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the effective porosity of the erosion holes.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic of the volume of the erosion holes.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the darker the color, the larger the numerical value. And obtaining the volume of the erosion hole through the third information. And determining the average effective porosity of the erosion holes according to the information of sound wave, lithology, density and the like of the drilled well. And finally obtaining the underground hot water reserve by combining the analysis of the core sample in the drilled well and the third information.
FIG. 7 shows a schematic of the steps of a method of calculating carbonate karst cavern-type geothermal energy reserves.
As shown in fig. 7, a method for calculating carbonate karst-eroded cavern-type geothermal energy reserves includes a first step S1 of obtaining seismic wave data, and processing the seismic wave data to obtain location information of the geothermal energy reservoir as first information; a second step S2 of acquiring information of a well bore communicated with the geothermal energy reservoir as second information; a third step S3 of obtaining the top and bottom boundary information of the carbonate rock erosion hole as third information according to the first information and the second information; and a fourth step S4, obtaining the volume of the carbonate rock erosion hole according to the third information, and further obtaining the geothermal energy storage capacity of the carbonate rock erosion hole.
According to one embodiment of the invention, processing the seismic wave data comprises one or more of trace integration, Fourier transform, and coherent analysis of the seismic wave data.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the first information is position information of a horizontal distribution of the geothermal energy reservoir.
According to one embodiment of the invention, obtaining information about a well in communication with the geothermal energy reservoir comprises sampling a well that is in communication with the geothermal energy reservoir.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the drilled well is one or more.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the obtaining of information about a well in communication with the geothermal energy reservoir comprises sampling a new well based on the first information, and obtaining the information about the well as the second information.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the new well is one or more.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the information of the borehole comprises lithology, physical properties and fluid property information of a target layer of the geothermal energy reservoir obtained by measuring gamma rays, electric resistance and sound waves.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the third step S3 further includes converting the third information into a data volume with time as an axis in the vertical direction, and converting the third information into a data volume with depth as an axis in the vertical direction:
screening a group of optimal seismic characteristic parameters from the seismic data by combining with known well point information, normalizing the seismic data and the well point interval velocity, setting the mean value of the seismic data and the well point interval velocity as 0 and the variance as 1, and determining the interval velocity VsWith n seismic parameters SiThe following linear relationship is present:
Vs＝a0+a1S1+a2S2+…+anSnwherein a isiIs a undetermined constant, i ═ 0, 1.., n;
a can be obtained by using known well point dataiI.e. to minimize the following:
M＝∑(Vwi-Vsi)2 i＝1,2,...,m
in the formula VwiIs the actual interval velocity, V, of the ith wellsiAnd m is the stratum speed of the ith well pre-drilled, and the number of available wells.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fourth step S4 further includes combining the third information and the first information to obtain the volume of the entire geothermal reservoir, and thus the geothermal reservoir.
According to another aspect of the invention, the system for calculating the carbonate karst cave type geothermal energy reserves comprises a seismic information processing module 1, a well drilling information acquisition module 2, a karst cave boundary calculation module 3, a geothermal energy reserve calculation module 4 and a seismic information processing module 1, wherein the seismic information processing module 1 is used for acquiring seismic wave data and processing the seismic wave data to obtain the position information of the geothermal energy reserves as first information; the drilling information acquisition module 2 is used for acquiring drilling information communicated with the geothermal energy reservoir layer as second information; the eroded cave boundary calculation module 3 is used for acquiring carbonate rock eroded cave boundary information as third information according to the first information and the second information; and the geothermal storage capacity calculation module 4 is used for obtaining the volume of the carbonate rock corrosion hole according to the third information, and further obtaining the geothermal storage capacity of the carbonate rock corrosion hole.
The method converts the seismic data of the reaction hole boundary from the axis position to the display by utilizing the wave crests and the wave troughs, and ensures that the boundary description is more accurate after the corresponding Fourier transform is carried out; the top and bottom boundaries of the single carbonate corrosion hole are determined by combining the drilling information and the seismic data, and the volume of the overall geothermal energy reservoir is obtained by the corresponding relation between the drilling information and the seismic data, so that the geothermal energy reserve is accurately obtained.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.
Claims (10)
1. A method for calculating the geothermal energy storage of carbonate karst etching holes comprises,
a first step (S1) of acquiring seismic wave data, and processing the seismic wave data to obtain location information of the geothermal energy reservoir as first information, the first information being location information of horizontal distribution of the geothermal energy reservoir;
a second step (S2) of acquiring information of a drilling well communicated with the geothermal energy reservoir as second information, wherein the second information is an erosion hole boundary reference value obtained by measuring and comprehensively interpreting the drilling well;
a third step (S3) of obtaining carbonate rock erosion cavern top and bottom boundary information as third information according to the first information and the second information, wherein the third information is obtained by selecting different well bores and normalizing the obtained erosion cavern boundary reference values of the different well bores to obtain the boundary value of the erosion cavern;
and a fourth step (S4) of obtaining the volume of the carbonate rock erosion hole according to the third information, and further obtaining the geothermal energy storage capacity of the carbonate rock erosion hole.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein processing the seismic wave data comprises performing seismic trace integration, fourier transform, and coherent analysis on the seismic wave data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining information of a well in communication with the geothermal energy reservoir comprises sampling a well that is in communication with the geothermal energy reservoir.
4. The method of claim 1, the drilled well being one or more.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining information about a well in communication with the geothermal energy reservoir comprises, based on the first information, taking a sample of a new well, obtaining information about the well as the second information.
6. The method of claim 5, the new well being one or more.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the information of the borehole comprises lithology and physical and fluid property information of a formation of interest of a geothermal energy reservoir obtained by measuring gamma rays or electrical resistance or acoustic waves.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the third step (S3) further comprises converting the third information into a vertical time-axis data volume into a vertical depth-axis data volume:
screening a set of maxima from the seismic data in combination with known well point informationAnd optimizing seismic characteristic parameters, normalizing the seismic data and the interval velocity of the well point, setting the mean value of the seismic data and the interval velocity of the well point to be 0 and setting the variance to be 1, and determining the interval velocity VsWith n seismic parameters SiThe following linear relationship is present:
Vs＝a0+a1S1+a2S2+…+aiSi+…+anSnwherein a isiIs undetermined constant, i is 0,1, …, n;
a can be obtained by using known well point dataiI.e. to minimize the following:
M＝∑(Vwj-Vsj)2 j＝1，2，...，m
in the formula VwjIs the actual interval velocity, V, of the jth wellsjAnd m is the number of available wells, wherein the interval is the interval velocity of the pre-drilling of the jth well.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the fourth step (S4) further comprises combining the third information with the first information to derive a volume of the entire geothermal reservoir, and thus a geothermal reservoir.
10. A system for calculating carbonate karst cave type geothermal energy reserves comprises a seismic information processing module (1), a drilling information acquisition module (2), a karst cave boundary calculation module (3) and a geothermal energy reserve calculation module (4),
the earthquake information processing module (1) is used for acquiring earthquake wave data and processing the earthquake wave data to obtain position information of the geothermal energy reservoir, and the position information is used as first information;
the drilling information acquisition module (2) is used for acquiring drilling information communicated with the geothermal energy reservoir layer as second information;
the erosion hole boundary calculation module (3) is used for acquiring carbonate rock erosion hole boundary information as third information according to the first information and the second information;
and the geothermal reserve calculation module (4) is used for obtaining the volume of the carbonate rock corrosion hole according to the third information and further obtaining the geothermal reserve of the carbonate rock corrosion hole.
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