CN110940602B - Synchronous measurement device and method for pulse electromagnetic force and discharge inductance of RLC (radio Link control) discharge circuit - Google Patents
Synchronous measurement device and method for pulse electromagnetic force and discharge inductance of RLC (radio Link control) discharge circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110940602B CN110940602B CN201911284331.1A CN201911284331A CN110940602B CN 110940602 B CN110940602 B CN 110940602B CN 201911284331 A CN201911284331 A CN 201911284331A CN 110940602 B CN110940602 B CN 110940602B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/38—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by electromagnetic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/001—Impulsive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
Abstract
The invention discloses a synchronous measuring device and method of pulse electromagnetic force and discharge inductance of an RLC discharge circuit; the device comprises a pulse electromagnetic force loader, a measuring rod, a resistance strain gauge and a super-dynamic strain gauge; the method comprises the steps of installing a synchronous measuring device, measuring a strain time function of a stress wave, calculating pulse electromagnetic force and calculating discharge inductance. The invention converts the pulse electromagnetic force excited by the RLC discharge circuit into a one-dimensional stress wave in the slender rod, and realizes the synchronous measurement of the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the pulse electromagnetic force loading equipment based on the RLC discharge circuit by measuring the single variable pulse electromagnetic force stress wave. In addition, the invention can be applied to the field of pulse force measurement, can realize the measurement of high-frequency pulse force and ensures the consistency between the measured value and the actual value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of measurement, relates to a method for measuring pulse electromagnetic force and inductance, and particularly relates to measurement of the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of a pulse electromagnetic force generator based on an RLC discharge loop.
Background
The pulse electromagnetic force loading technology based on the RLC discharge circuit has the advantages of good controllability, high loading rate, large loading amplitude and the like, and is widely applied to various industries, particularly military industries. For example, patent No. 201410171963.8 discloses a tensile and compressive stress wave generator based on electromagnetic force and an experimental method, and patent No. 201611121397.5 discloses an electromagnetic gun technology. In the pulse electromagnetic force loading technology based on the RLC discharge loop, the pulse electromagnetic force is a core performance parameter and directly determines the technical application effect, so that the measurement of the amplitude and the waveform of the pulse electromagnetic force has important engineering practice significance for the research of pulse electromagnetic force loading equipment.
The pulse electromagnetic force belongs to pulse force, and is transmitted in a stress wave mode in the loading process, the loading time is generally from a few microseconds to a few milliseconds, reflection, transmission and superposition are easy to occur in the transmission process, meanwhile, the pulse electromagnetic force is non-contact electromagnetic induction force, and phenomena of distortion, hysteresis, incapability of measurement and the like can be generated by a direct measurement method using a conventional piezoelectric element as a sensitive element. For the pulse force, the invention patent with patent number 200410003455.5 provides a method for measuring the pulse force, which uses the second law of newton to make the force to be measured F push the slide block with mass m, uses the displacement sensor to measure the displacement function X (t) of the displacement X of the slide block to the time t, and then calculates the second derivative of the displacement function to obtain the acceleration function a (t), then the force to be measured F ═ ma (t) can be obtained. However, the pulse width of the pulse electromagnetic force is narrow, and the pulse electromagnetic force propagates in the form of stress wave during the loading process, so that the phenomena of distortion, hysteresis and the like can occur when the pulse electromagnetic force is measured by using the measuring method of Newton's second law.
The core circuit of the pulse electromagnetic force loading equipment is an RLC discharge circuit, and the oscillation circle frequency of the discharge circuit
Wherein C is the discharge capacitance, L is the discharge inductance, and R is the loop resistance. In engineering practice, the three variables jointly determine the discharge frequency, the electromagnetic pulse force amplitude and the pulse width of the pulse electromagnetic force loading equipment, wherein the discharge capacitance C and the loop resistance R are known quantities, and the discharge inductance L needs to be measured. In physical experiments, an alternating current bridge method is generally adopted to measure the inductance, the method is accurate but troublesome to operate, and the inductance to be measured needs to be connected into a measuring circuit. Patent No. 201220160444.8 provides a method for measuring inductance that is simple to operate, but also requires the inductance to be measured to be connected to the measurement circuit. However, the discharge inductance of the pulsed electromagnetic force loading device is not formed by a single simple coil inductance, the discharge inductance is equal to the sum of the discharge coil inductance, the discharge cable inductance and the capacitor inductance in value, and the discharge inductance cannot be directly connected to a measuring circuit for measurement, so that the method for measuring the single inductance cannot complete measurement of the discharge inductance of the pulsed electromagnetic force loading device.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a synchronous measuring device and method for the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the RLC discharge circuit, which are used for accurately measuring the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of pulse electromagnetic force loading equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the synchronous measuring device for the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the RLC discharge circuit is characterized by comprising a pulse electromagnetic force loader, a measuring rod, a resistance strain gauge and a super-dynamic strain gauge, wherein the end face of a loading head of the pulse electromagnetic force loader is attached to one end face of the measuring rod, and the resistance strain gauge is installed on the surface of the measuring rod and is electrically connected with the super-dynamic strain gauge.
Furthermore, a loading head and a measuring rod of the pulse electromagnetic force loader are made of the same material, and the end surface of the loading head of the pulse electromagnetic force loader is identical to the end surface of the measuring rod in shape.
Further, the length of the measuring rod is greater than 0.6 times of the wavelength of the pulse electromagnetic force to be measured.
Further, the pulse electromagnetic force loader comprises a discharge coil, an induction coil and a loading head (7), wherein the discharge coil is electrically connected with the RLC discharge loop.
The invention also provides a synchronous measurement method of the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the RLC discharge circuit, which comprises the following steps:
s1, installing the synchronous measuring device;
s2, starting the pulse electromagnetic force loader to enable the pulse electromagnetic force to be transmitted to the measuring rod in a one-dimensional stress wave mode to generate strain, recording strain time function data according to an electric signal generated by the strain by using a super-dynamic strain gauge, and outputting a strain time function image;
s3, calculating a pulse electromagnetic force according to the strain time function measured in the step S2 and the stress-strain relation;
and S4, calculating the discharge inductance according to the RLC discharge loop discharge principle of the pulse electromagnetic force loader.
Further, the calculation formula of the pulse electromagnetic force in the step S3 is as follows:
wherein, F is the pulse electromagnetic force, D is the diameter of the measuring rod, E is the elastic modulus of the measuring rod, and (t) is the strain time function generated on the measuring rod by the measured pulse electromagnetic force.
Further, the calculation formula of the discharge inductance in step S4 is as follows:
wherein, L is a discharge inductance, T is a period of a strain time function, C is a discharge capacitance, and R is a discharge resistance.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention converts the pulse electromagnetic force excited by the RLC discharge circuit into a one-dimensional stress wave in the slender rod, and realizes the synchronous measurement of the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the pulse electromagnetic force loading equipment based on the RLC discharge circuit by measuring the single variable pulse electromagnetic force stress wave. In addition, the invention can be applied to the field of pulse force measurement, can realize the measurement of high-frequency pulse force and ensures the consistency between the measured value and the actual value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the synchronous measurement device of pulsed electromagnetic force and discharge inductance of the RLC discharge circuit of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a synchronous measurement method of pulsed electromagnetic force and discharge inductance of the RLC discharge loop of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are: the method comprises the following steps of 1-a pulse electromagnetic force loader, 2-a measuring rod, 3-a resistance strain gauge, 4-a super dynamic strain gauge, 5-a discharge coil, 6-an induction coil and 7-a loading head.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In order to realize effective measurement of the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the pulse electromagnetic force loading equipment based on the RLC discharge loop, the invention provides a synchronous measurement device of the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the RLC discharge loop according to the characteristic that the pulse electromagnetic force is propagated in the form of stress waves, and the synchronous measurement device comprises a pulse electromagnetic force loader 1, a measurement rod 2, a resistance strain gauge 3 and an ultra-dynamic strain gauge 4, as shown in figure 1.
The pulse electromagnetic force loader 1 is used for generating pulse electromagnetic force under the excitation of an RLC (radio link control) discharge circuit, and specifically comprises a discharge coil 5, an induction coil 6 and a loading head 7, wherein the discharge coil 5 is electrically connected with the RLC discharge circuit; the end face of the loading head of the pulse electromagnetic force loader 1 is attached to one end face of the measuring rod 2, the loading head of the pulse electromagnetic force loader 1 and the measuring rod 2 are made of the same material, and the end face of the loading head of the pulse electromagnetic force loader 1 is identical in shape to one end face of the measuring rod 2, so that pulse electromagnetic force generated by the pulse electromagnetic force loader excited by the RLC discharge circuit can be better converted into one-dimensional stress waves in the measuring rod, and the conversion efficiency is improved.
The measuring rod 2 specifically adopts a straight rod with a long and thin structure, and the length of the measuring rod 2 is greater than 0.6 times of the wavelength of the pulse electromagnetic force to be measured, so that the converted one-dimensional stress wave can be effectively transmitted in the measuring rod, and the stress wave can be conveniently measured.
The resistance strain gauge 3 is arranged on the surface of the measuring rod 3, the resistance strain gauge 3 is pasted on the surface of the measuring rod 2 in a pasting mode and is electrically connected with the ultra-dynamic strain gauge 4, and therefore stress waves in the measuring rod are detected.
The ultra-dynamic strain gauge 4 is used for measuring and recording a strain-time curve generated on the measuring rod 2 by the pulse electromagnetic force under a set condition, and deducing and calculating the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance by combining related theoretical knowledge.
The measurement principle of the synchronous measurement device of the pulsed electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the RLC discharge loop is explained in detail below.
The invention takes RLC oscillation circuit discharge principle, electromagnetic mutual inductance principle and stress wave propagation principle as theoretical basis, because the pulse electromagnetic force of the pulse electromagnetic force loading equipment is propagated in the form of stress wave in the loading process, the stress wave has function dependency relationship with the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance, the pulse electromagnetic force excited by the RLC discharge circuit is converted into one-dimensional stress wave in the measuring rod 2, then the stress wave is measured, the strain time function of the stress wave is measured, then the stress strain relationship of the measuring rod 2 is utilized to obtain the electromagnetic force stress wave time function, and finally the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance are deduced and calculated by combining related theoretical knowledge.
The invention also provides a synchronous measurement method of the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the RLC discharge circuit based on the synchronous measurement device of the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the RLC discharge circuit.
The measurement principle of the synchronous measurement method is as follows:
by utilizing the characteristic that the pulse electromagnetic force of the pulse electromagnetic force loading equipment is propagated in the form of stress waves in the loading process, the electromagnetic force stress waves are guided into the measuring rod to be expanded and the complete electromagnetic force stress wave waveform is measured, and the pulse electromagnetic force amplitude and the pulse electromagnetic force waveform are obtained by combining the function dependence relationship of the pulse electromagnetic force and the corresponding stress waves established by theoretical derivation; meanwhile, the discharge inductance of the pulse electromagnetic force loading equipment is calculated by further establishing the function dependency relationship between the discharge inductance and the pulse electromagnetic force.
As shown in fig. 2, the above-mentioned synchronous measurement method includes the following steps S1 to S4:
s1, installing the synchronous measuring device;
in the embodiment, the end face of the loading head 7 of the pulse electromagnetic force loader 4 is attached to one end face of the measuring rod 2, the resistance strain gauge 3 is attached to the measuring rod 2, and the resistance strain gauge 3 is communicated with the ultra-dynamic strain gauge 4.
S2, starting the pulse electromagnetic force loader 1 to enable pulse electromagnetic force to be transmitted to the measuring rod 2 in a one-dimensional stress wave mode to generate strain, recording strain time function data according to an electric signal generated by the strain by using the ultra-dynamic strain gauge 4, and outputting a strain time function image;
in the embodiment, the pulsed electromagnetic force loader 1 is started, the RLC discharge circuit excites the pulsed electromagnetic force loader to generate pulsed electromagnetic force, the pulsed electromagnetic force is transmitted to the measuring rod 2 in a form of one-dimensional stress wave, and the surface of the measuring rod 2 is strained; the resistance strain gauge 3 converts the strain signal into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal into the ultra-dynamic strain gauge 4, and the ultra-dynamic strain gauge 4 records data of a strain time function according to the electric signal generated by strain and outputs a strain time function image.
S3, calculating a pulse electromagnetic force according to the strain time function measured in the step S2 and the stress-strain relation;
in the present embodiment, the load F is known from the theory of material mechanicspA σ, and stress σ E, wherein FpFor loading, A is the area under force, σ is the stress, and E is the modulus of elasticity, which is the strain.
This gives:
Fp＝AE (1)
for the columns there are:
wherein D is the cross section diameter of the columnar body.
The calculation formula of the pulse electromagnetic force obtained by simultaneous formulas (1) and (2) is as follows:
where F is the pulsed electromagnetic force, D is the diameter of the measuring rod 2, E is the elastic modulus of the measuring rod 2, and (t) is the time function of the strain produced on the measuring rod 2 by the measured pulsed electromagnetic force.
Therefore, the time function of the pulsed electromagnetic force can be obtained by measuring the time function of the strain of the pulsed electromagnetic force in step S2.
And S4, calculating the discharge inductance according to the RLC discharge loop discharge principle of the pulse electromagnetic force loader 1.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the pulsed electromagnetic force loading device is based on an RLC discharge loop, and the discharge current i (t) is calculated by the following formula:
wherein, K1A constant greater than zero, L is a discharge inductor, R is a discharge loop resistor, and the frequency of the oscillation circle of the loop is
And C is the discharge capacitance.
At this time, the discharge current is composed of three parts:
1) constant term K1(5)
2)
3) Period term sin (ω t) (7)
The discharge current period T can be found from the above equations (5) to (7)iExpressed as:
the working principle of the pulse electromagnetic force loading equipment shows that the pulse electromagnetic force comes from electromagnetic mutual induction repulsive force generated in the first quarter period of the discharge current, namely the period of the pulse electromagnetic force
The pulsed electromagnetic force period can be expressed as:
the pulse width of the pulse electromagnetic force is consistent with the period of the stress wave, that is, the pulse width T of the pulse electromagnetic force can be obtained through the strain time function (T) and is the same as the period. And (3) solving the discharge inductance L according to the formula (9) to obtain a discharge inductance calculation formula:
therefore, when measuring the discharge inductance, the strain time function (T) of the pulse electromagnetic force is measured, the period T is obtained, and the strain time function period T, the discharge capacitance C and the discharge resistance R are substituted into the formula (10), so that the measurement of the discharge inductance L can be realized.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The synchronous measuring device for the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the RLC discharge circuit is characterized by comprising a pulse electromagnetic force loader (1), a measuring rod (2), a resistance strain gauge (3) and a super-dynamic strain gauge (4), wherein the pulse electromagnetic force loader (1) comprises a discharge coil (5), an induction coil (6) and a loading head (7), the discharge coil (5) is electrically connected with the RLC discharge circuit, the end face of the loading head (7) of the pulse electromagnetic force loader (1) is attached to one end face of the measuring rod (2), and the resistance strain gauge (3) is installed on the surface of the measuring rod (2) and is electrically connected with the super-dynamic strain gauge (4); the ultra-dynamic strain gauge is used for measuring and recording a strain-time curve generated on the measuring rod by the pulse electromagnetic force under a set condition, and calculating the pulse electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance.
2. The apparatus for synchronously measuring the pulsed electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the RLC discharge circuit according to claim 1, wherein the loading head of the pulsed electromagnetic force loader (1) and the measuring rod (2) are made of the same material, and the end surface of the loading head (7) of the pulsed electromagnetic force loader (1) and the end surface of the measuring rod (2) have the same shape.
3. The apparatus for the simultaneous measurement of pulsed electromagnetic force and discharge inductance of an RLC discharge circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the measuring rod (2) is greater than 0.6 times the wavelength of the pulsed electromagnetic force to be measured.
4. A synchronous measurement method for pulse electromagnetic force and discharge inductance of an RLC discharge circuit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, installing the synchronous measuring device of any one of claims 1 to 3;
s2, starting the pulse electromagnetic force loader (1) to enable pulse electromagnetic force to be transmitted to the measuring rod (2) in a one-dimensional stress wave mode to generate strain, recording strain time function data according to an electric signal generated by the strain by using the ultra-dynamic strain gauge (4), and outputting a strain time function image;
s3, calculating a pulse electromagnetic force according to the strain time function measured in the step S2 and the stress-strain relation;
and S4, calculating the discharge inductance according to the RLC discharge loop discharge principle of the pulse electromagnetic force loader (1).
5. The method for synchronously measuring the pulsed electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the RLC discharge circuit as claimed in claim 4, wherein the formula for calculating the pulsed electromagnetic force in said step S3 is:
wherein F is the pulse electromagnetic force, D is the diameter of the measuring rod (2), E is the elastic modulus of the measuring rod (2), and t is the strain time function generated on the measuring rod (2) by the measured pulse electromagnetic force.
6. The method for synchronously measuring the pulsed electromagnetic force and the discharge inductance of the RLC discharge circuit according to claim 4, wherein the calculation formula of the discharge inductance in the step S4 is:
wherein, L is a discharge inductance, T is a period of a strain time function, C is a discharge capacitance, and R is a discharge resistance.
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