CN110938225A - Plasma surface modification process method for fiber reinforced composite material - Google Patents
Plasma surface modification process method for fiber reinforced composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN110938225A CN110938225A CN201911329129.6A CN201911329129A CN110938225A CN 110938225 A CN110938225 A CN 110938225A CN 201911329129 A CN201911329129 A CN 201911329129A CN 110938225 A CN110938225 A CN 110938225A
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/12—Chemical modification
- C08J7/123—Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plasma surface modification process method for a fiber reinforced composite material, and relates to the field of plasma surface engineering. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a composite material modification process scheme: full coverage treatment, local stiffening rib strengthening treatment and local point strengthening treatment; (2) adjusting the processing parameters of the jet plasma device: adjusting the size, form and space between the nozzle and the composite material, adjusting the input gas components of the jet plasma, adjusting the discharge power and discharge frequency, and adjusting the treatment time; (3) surface treatment: and (3) placing the composite material into a jet plasma treatment device, and carrying out plasma treatment to obtain the treated fiber reinforced composite material. The surface of the fiber reinforced composite material treated by the method of the invention is cleaned and etched, and simultaneously, a large number of active groups are added on the surface, thereby improving the surface energy of the composite material, improving the surface performance of the composite material and enhancing the bonding strength of a cementing interface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of surface engineering, and relates to a plasma surface modification process method for a fiber reinforced composite material. The method is suitable for plasma surface pretreatment in preparation or repair of fiber reinforced composite material members, can be used for cleaning pollutants, active substances to be reacted and other impurities on the surface of the composite material on the one hand, and can be used for improving the surface activity and roughness of the composite material on the other hand, and the bonding strength of the bonding interface of the fiber reinforced composite material is improved under the combined action of the two aspects.
Background
The fiber reinforced composite material has the advantages of light weight, high strength, temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and is widely applied to parts such as airplane skins, airframes, wing trusses and the like, wherein part of the parts of the composite material are not suitable for being connected by rivet bolts in the manufacturing or repairing process and can only be bonded by an adhesive. Because the fiber reinforced composite material belongs to a chemical inert material, the problem of insufficient bonding strength of a bonding interface is easy to occur when the composite material is bonded with the composite material and a coating, so that the fiber reinforced composite material member is easy to crack, peel and other damages in the transverse direction in the service process, and the development of the aviation technology and the like in China is restricted to a certain extent.
Currently, researchers have proposed a series of methods for pretreating fiber reinforced composites, such as chemical oxidation, gamma ray, rare earth and plasma treatments, to achieve changes in surface chemical activity and microstructure in the preparation or repair of composites. But the cracking/peeling problem of the component is solved to a certain extent when the composite material is actually used or found in the process of research, but the problems of large treatment pollution, high energy consumption and the like exist. Therefore, a new process is needed to reduce environmental pollution and energy consumption without changing the basic performance of the fiber reinforced composite material and improving the bonding strength of the bonding interface of the fiber reinforced composite material.
The invention provides a plasma surface modification process method for a fiber reinforced composite material, which is used for pretreating the surface of the fiber reinforced composite material and improving the bonding strength of a bonding interface by improving the surface performance of the fiber reinforced composite material. The process method provided by the invention is expected to greatly improve the surface adhesion of the fiber reinforced composite material, has strong operability and low requirement on treatment environment, and is suitable for industrial popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plasma surface modification process method for a fiber reinforced composite material, which aims to solve the problem of low efficiency of plasma surface treatment equipment in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the method of the invention comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials: the fiber reinforced composite is placed into a processing platform.
Step two: selecting a modification process scheme: there are three modification process schemes, which are respectively: a full coverage S-shaped shifting scheme, a stiffener local reinforcement scheme and a local point reinforcement scheme.
Step three: adjusting parameters of the jet plasma processing device: adjusting the size, shape and space between the nozzle and the composite material, adjusting the input gas components of the jet plasma, adjusting the discharge power and discharge frequency, and adjusting the treatment time;
step four: surface treatment: and (3) placing the fiber reinforced composite material into a jet plasma treatment device, and carrying out plasma treatment to obtain the treated fiber reinforced composite material.
Step five: taking out for storage or secondary processing: and taking out the treated fiber reinforced composite material, packaging and storing, or combining with other materials in an adhesive manner to form a composite material member.
Further, in the first step, the shape of the fiber reinforced composite material may be a regular shape or an irregular shape; the surface of the fiber reinforced composite material can be clean, and can also be coated with reactive substances, such as Acrylic Acid (AAC), acrylamide (AAM), Vinylimidazole (VIDZ), Glycidyl Methacrylate (GMA), hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEMA), Methyl Methacrylate (MMA) and the like.
Further, in the second step, the full-coverage S-shaped moving scheme is that the plasma acts on the area of the fiber reinforced composite material and moves along the S shape to cover all the surfaces of the composite material; the local reinforcing scheme of the stiffening rib is to carry out surface modification on the part needing shear connection reinforcement according to the stress analysis of the composite material; the local point reinforcing scheme is to perform point surface modification on irregular materials or parts needing local bonding reinforcement.
Further, in the third step, the jet plasma processing device can adjust the shape and the size of the nozzle, the full-coverage S-shaped moving scheme and the stiffening rib local reinforcing scheme are generally rectangular nozzles, and the local point reinforcing scheme is generally circular nozzles; the nozzle size is determined by the composite size and the plasma equipment power and is typically between 0.5cm and 3 cm. The nozzle is spaced from the composite material, typically between 1cm and 3 cm. The nozzle can move in three dimensions, the moving speed is 0-1.2m/min, the precision is 0.01m/min, the discharge power is 100W-1000W, the precision is 5W, and the frequency is 13.56kHz or integral multiple thereof.
Further, in the third step, the input gas comprises an oxidizing gas and an inert gas, and the oxidizing gas comprises O2Air, N2O、NO2And the like, and the inert gas comprises helium, argon, and the like or a combination thereof. The selection and control of the oxidizing gas are determined according to a preset atmosphere environment, that is, according to the surface active groups after the expected surface treatment of the composite material. Wherein the surface active group refers to a functional group such as C-O, O-C-O, C-N, COOH, or a graft polymerization reaction generated after contacting with a coated reactive substance.
Furthermore, in the fourth step, the treatment time is not longer, preferably between 30s and 2 min. Too long treatment time can result in too deep treatment depth, too deep grooves formed on the surface of the composite material, and the adhesive can not completely contact the surface of the composite material, so that bubbles can be generated, and the mechanical property of the composite material member is reduced.
Further, in the fifth step, the treated fiber reinforced composite material is subjected to secondary processing or sealed storage, wherein the secondary processing refers to that the treated fiber reinforced composite material is mechanically processed and then connected with each other, or is combined with the composite material or the coating through an adhesive to form a complete component, or is repaired with the damaged fiber reinforced composite material; the sealed preservation means that if the product cannot be processed and utilized temporarily, the product needs to be preserved in a sealed way, so that the surface is prevented from being polluted, and the reaction of surface active functional groups is avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the surface energy of the fiber reinforced composite material treated by the method is greatly improved, and the bonding strength of a bonding interface is remarkably improved. Meanwhile, the treatment area is controllable, the method is suitable for repairing the composite material member with an irregular structure, and the treatment efficiency and the economic benefit are greatly improved. The jet plasma equipment used in the plasma surface modification method has flexible structure and small investment, does not produce harmful gas and liquid, conforms to the green environmental protection concept, is harmless to human bodies and is suitable for industrial popularization of the treatment method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plasma surface modification method for a fiber reinforced composite material.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a surface treatment of a fiber-reinforced composite material.
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of three surface treatment process schemes for fiber-reinforced composite materials
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the working steps of the plasma surface modification process method of the fiber reinforced composite material are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials: as shown in fig. 2, the fiber-reinforced composite material is placed in a processing platform.
Step two: selecting a modification process scheme: there are three modification schemes, which are: the full-coverage S-shaped moving scheme is suitable for fiber reinforced composite materials with regular shapes and more connecting parts, such as plates and blocks, as shown in fig. 3 (a); the local reinforcing scheme of the stiffening rib is as shown in fig. 3(b), and is suitable for fiber reinforced composite materials with regular shapes and fewer connecting parts, such as local reinforcing ribs of a truss and local connecting nodes; the local point reinforcing scheme, as shown in fig. 3(c), is suitable for repairing fiber reinforced composite materials with irregular shapes, high requirements on bonding strength and difficult processing, such as conversion heads, curved surface isomers or damaged fiber composite materials.
Step three: adjusting parameters of the jet plasma processing device: adjusting the nozzle shape, selecting a rectangular nozzle for the full-coverage S-shaped moving scheme and the stiffening rib local reinforcing scheme, and selecting a circular nozzle for the local point reinforcing scheme; the size of the nozzle is 1cm, the distance between the nozzle and the composite material is 2cm, and the input gas component of the jet plasma is adjusted, wherein oxygen or air is usually selected. The discharge power was adjusted to 200W and the discharge frequency was adjusted to 13.56 kHz. The composite material can be coated with active substances to be reacted, such as Acrylic Acid (AAC), acrylamide (AAM), Vinylimidazole (VIDZ), Glycidyl Methacrylate (GMA), hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEMA), Methyl Methacrylate (MMA), etc
Step four: surface treatment: and (3) placing the fiber reinforced composite material into a jet plasma treatment device, carrying out plasma treatment, wherein the movement speed of a nozzle is about 0.5m/min, and the treatment can be repeated, but the total treatment time is 1min, so that the treated fiber reinforced composite material is obtained. After plasma surface modification, grooves with proper depth are formed on the surface of the fiber reinforced composite material, and meanwhile, a large number of active functional groups such as C-O, O-C-O, C-N, COOH are formed on the surface of the material, so that the bonding strength of a bonding interface is improved.
Step five: taking out for storage or secondary processing: and taking out the treated fiber reinforced composite material, packaging and storing, or combining with other materials in an adhesive manner to form a composite material member. The preservation time of the preserved fiber reinforced composite material is not longer than 15 days, and the fiber reinforced composite material needs to be preserved in a sealing way, so that the surface is prevented from being polluted and the active functional groups are prevented from being oxidized. The secondary processing is that the treated fiber reinforced composite material is connected with each other after mechanical processing, or is combined with the composite material or the coating through an adhesive to form a complete component, or is combined with the composite material to be repaired to obtain the complete component
In summary, the plasma surface modification process method for the fiber reinforced composite material provided in this embodiment modifies the surface of the fiber reinforced composite material by the plasma, and generates active groups on the surface, so as to improve the surface energy of the fiber reinforced composite material, improve the bonding strength of the bonding interface, and repair the damaged composite material. By selecting different processing modes, the processing cost can be saved, and the processing efficiency is improved.
Claims (9)
1. A plasma surface modification process method for a fiber reinforced composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials: putting the finished product of the fiber reinforced composite material into a processing platform;
step two: selecting a modification process scheme: there are three modification schemes, which are: a full coverage S-shaped moving scheme, a stiffening rib local reinforcing scheme and a local point reinforcing scheme;
step three: adjusting parameters of the jet plasma processing device: adjusting the size, shape and space between the nozzle and the composite material, adjusting the input gas components of the jet plasma, adjusting the discharge power and discharge frequency, and adjusting the treatment time;
step four: surface treatment: placing the fiber reinforced composite material into a jet plasma treatment device, and carrying out plasma treatment to obtain a treated fiber reinforced composite material;
step five: taking out for storage or secondary processing: and taking out the treated fiber reinforced composite material, packaging and storing, or combining with other materials in an adhesive manner to form a composite material member.
2. The plasma surface modification process method for fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein the process method is applied to the preparation or repair process of the composite material member before the gluing process of the composite material and the composite material or the composite material and the coating.
3. The plasma surface modification process method for fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the shape of the fiber reinforced composite material is a regular shape or an irregular shape; the surface of the fiber reinforced composite material can be clean, and can also be coated with reactive substances to be reacted, such as acrylic acid AAC, acrylamide AAM, vinylimidazole VIDZ, glycidyl methacrylate GMA, hydroxyethyl acrylate HEMA and methyl methacrylate MMA.
4. The plasma surface modification process method for the fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein the second step comprises: the full-coverage S-shaped moving scheme is that the plasma moves along the S shape according to the area acted on the fiber reinforced composite material by the plasma, and all the surfaces of the composite material are covered; the local reinforcing scheme of the stiffening rib is to carry out surface modification on the part needing shear connection reinforcement according to the stress analysis of the composite material; the local point reinforcing scheme is to perform point surface modification on irregular materials or parts needing local bonding reinforcement.
5. The plasma surface modification process method for the fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the jet plasma processing device can adjust the size and the shape of the nozzle and can move in three dimensions, the moving speed is 0-1.2m/min, the precision is 0.01m/s, the discharge power is 100W-1000W, the precision is 5W, and the frequency is 13.56kHz or integral multiple thereof.
6. The plasma surface modification process method for the fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the input gas comprises an oxidizing gas and an inert gas, the oxidizing gas comprising O2Air, N2O、NO2And the oxygen-containing gas, wherein the inert gas comprises helium, argon and other inert gases or a combination thereof, and the selection and the flow control of the oxidizing gas are determined according to the preset atmosphere environment, namely the surface active groups after the surface treatment of the expected composite material.
7. The plasma surface modification process of claim 6, wherein the surface active group is a functional group such as C-O, O-C-O, C-N, COOH, or a graft polymerization reaction generated after contacting with the coated reactive substance.
8. The plasma surface modification process method for the fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein the step four: the processing time is 30s-2min, the processing depth is too deep due to too long processing time, grooves generated on the surface of the composite material are too deep, the adhesive cannot completely contact the surface of the composite material, bubbles are generated, and the mechanical property of the composite material member is further reduced.
9. The plasma surface modification process method for the fiber reinforced composite material according to claim 1, wherein the step five is as follows: performing secondary processing or sealing storage on the treated fiber reinforced composite material, wherein the secondary processing refers to that the treated fiber reinforced composite material is connected with each other after being mechanically processed, or is combined with the composite material or a coating through an adhesive to form a complete component, or is repaired with the damaged fiber reinforced composite material; the sealed preservation means that if the product cannot be processed and utilized temporarily, the product needs to be preserved in a sealed way, so that the surface is prevented from being polluted, and the reaction of surface active functional groups is avoided.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113831670A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-24 | 南京大学 | Plasma modification method of hexagonal boron nitride filler and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200331 |