CN110935098A - Miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit and implantable medical equipment power supply circuit - Google Patents
Miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit and implantable medical equipment power supply circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110935098A CN110935098A CN201911205811.4A CN201911205811A CN110935098A CN 110935098 A CN110935098 A CN 110935098A CN 201911205811 A CN201911205811 A CN 201911205811A CN 110935098 A CN110935098 A CN 110935098A
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Abstract
The application relates to a miniaturized radio frequency energy harvesting circuit, includes: the device comprises a radio frequency energy input module, a matching network module, a rectifying circuit module and a load output module. The radio frequency energy input part transmits radio frequency energy in the environment to a rear circuit; the matching network module matches the input impedance of the whole radio frequency energy collecting circuit to a certain specific value under the normal condition, so that the radio frequency energy is transmitted to a rear circuit without reflection; the rectification circuit converts high-frequency radio frequency energy into direct current energy, and finally transmits the direct current energy to a load. The radio frequency energy collecting circuit of the embodiment has the characteristics of miniaturization, high energy collecting efficiency and good engineering application value.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of circuit design, and particularly relates to a miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit and an implanted medical equipment power supply circuit.
Background
With wireless communication technology, electronic devices such as various sensors are increasing. In some special places, for example, special work places with dangerous factors, such as overhead towers, underground mines and the like, various devices are needed to monitor indexes such as temperature, humidity, wind power and the like, the construction difficulty of the traditional power wiring party is high, and if the battery is used for supplying power, the battery needs to be continuously replaced and maintained due to the limited electric quantity of the battery, so that the use cost is greatly increased. The environment has many forms of energy, such as solar energy, wind energy and vibration energy, and the energy factors are greatly influenced by the weather environment, so that the collection and utilization have great limitations. In the 4G and 5G era, a large number of distributed communication base stations are used, so that radio frequency signals (wireless signals with frequency higher than 100 MHz) are widely distributed in the environment, and the radio frequency signals all have certain energy. The energy is not only widely distributed, but also is slightly influenced by weather change, so that the collection and utilization of radio frequency energy to low-power-consumption equipment becomes a feasible power supply mode.
The design of the rf energy harvesting circuit needs to consider many factors, such as the size of the circuit, the energy harvesting efficiency, the output voltage, the output power, and so on. In recent years, many experts and scholars have proposed various design schemes for the research design of radio frequency energy collecting circuits. The literature "Design and Safety Considerations of an implantable recovery for Far-Field Wireless Power Transfer" discloses a radio frequency energy collection circuit, the maximum energy collection efficiency of the circuit is 44%, the output voltage is 0.7V, the output energy Power is only 0.15mW, which is Far lower than the Power supply Power required by common electronic equipment, the radio frequency energy collection is only realized theoretically, and the practical application value is limited. The document "enhanced recovery Using differential-Fed recovery for Wireless power transmission" proposes an improved rf energy collection circuit, the maximum energy collection efficiency reaches 73%, and the output power is 73mW, but the scheme adopts differential dual-port feeding, so that the circuit size is increased to 30mm x 50mm x 3mm, extra requirements are also provided for the rf energy receiving antenna, the antenna is also in a differential feeding form, and the application limitation is large.
In summary, the existing rf energy collection has certain limitations and certain gap from practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a novel radio frequency energy collecting circuit which has the characteristics of miniaturization and high energy collecting efficiency and has good engineering application value.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a miniaturized radio frequency energy harvesting circuit, comprising: the radio frequency energy input module, the matching network module, the rectifier circuit module and the load output module are formed on the circuit board and electrically connected in sequence;
the radio frequency energy input module is a rectangular microstrip line;
the matching network module comprises a loaded serial microstrip line branch section and/or a short-circuit microstrip line branch section and/or a parallel microstrip line branch section and/or a coupling microstrip line branch section;
the loading series microstrip line branch section is a rectangular microstrip line directly and electrically connected with the radio frequency energy input module;
the short-circuit microstrip line branch section is a microstrip line connected with the loading series microstrip line branch section and the grounding end;
the parallel microstrip line branch section is a microstrip line connected in parallel with the loaded serial microstrip line branch section;
the coupling microstrip line branch sections are two microstrip lines which are arranged beside the loading serial microstrip line branch section and are arranged in parallel and close to each other, and the coupling microstrip line branch sections are not electrically connected with the loading serial microstrip line branch sections, the short-circuit microstrip line branch sections and the parallel microstrip line branch sections;
the rectifier circuit module comprises a first capacitor, one end of the first capacitor is electrically connected with the matching network module, the other end of the first capacitor is electrically connected with a first branch line and a second branch line respectively, a first diode is arranged on the first branch line, and a second capacitor and a second diode are arranged on the second branch line;
the load output module is electrically connected with the first branch line and the second branch line, is used for being connected with a load and supplies power to the load.
Preferably, the circuit board is a flexible circuit board, the radio frequency energy input module, the matching network module and the lead for electrical connection, which are formed on the circuit board and electrically connected in sequence, are printed on the front surface, and the rectifier circuit module and the load output module are arranged on the front surface.
Preferably, in the miniaturized radio frequency energy harvesting circuit of the present invention, the ground terminal is disposed on a back surface of the miniaturized radio frequency energy harvesting circuit, and the short-circuit microstrip line branch section.
Preferably, in the miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit of the present invention, the first diode and the second diode are schottky diodes.
Preferably, in the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit, the operating frequency of the schottky diode is 80-150 MHz.
Preferably, in the miniaturized rf energy collecting circuit of the present invention, the rf energy input module has a width of 0.3mm to 0.9mm and a length of 5mm to 20 mm.
Preferably, the miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit of the present invention has an impedance of 30-80 Ω.
The invention also provides a power supply circuit of the implantable medical equipment, and the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit is used, and a load output module of the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit is connected with the implantable medical equipment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit of the invention comprises: the device comprises a radio frequency energy input module, a matching network module, a rectifying circuit module and a load output module. The radio frequency energy input part transmits radio frequency energy in the environment to a rear circuit; the matching network module matches the input impedance of the whole radio frequency energy collecting circuit to a certain specific value under the normal condition, so that the radio frequency energy is transmitted to a rear circuit without reflection; the rectification circuit converts high-frequency radio frequency energy into direct current energy, and finally transmits the direct current energy to a load. The radio frequency energy collecting circuit of the embodiment has the characteristics of miniaturization, high energy collecting efficiency and good engineering application value.
Drawings
The technical solution of the present application is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a graph of input impedance versus input power for an RF energy harvesting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a graph of reflection coefficient versus input power for an RF energy harvesting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph of energy collection efficiency versus input power for an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the output voltage of the RF energy harvesting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application as a function of the input power;
FIG. 5 is a graph of output power versus input power for an RF energy harvesting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rectification circuit of the RF energy harvesting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is an overall schematic diagram of an rf energy harvesting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
1, a radio frequency energy input module;
2 matching network module;
3 a rectifier circuit module;
4, a load output module;
21 loading a series microstrip line branch section;
22 short-circuit microstrip branch section;
23 microstrip line branch sections;
24 coupling microstrip line branch sections;
31 a first capacitance;
32 a first diode;
33 a second capacitance;
34 second diode.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be considered limiting of the scope of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more.
In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit, as shown in fig. 7, including:
the radio frequency energy input module 1, the matching network module 2, the rectifier circuit module 3 and the load output module 4 are formed on the circuit board and electrically connected in sequence;
the radio frequency energy input module 1 is a rectangular microstrip line;
the matching network module 2 comprises a loaded serial microstrip line branch section 21 and/or a short-circuit microstrip line branch section 22 and/or a parallel microstrip line branch section 23 and/or a coupling microstrip line branch section 24;
the loading series microstrip line branch section 21 is a rectangular microstrip line directly and electrically connected with the radio frequency energy input module 1;
the short-circuit microstrip line branch section 22 is a microstrip line connected with the loading series microstrip line branch section 21 and the grounding end;
the parallel microstrip line stub 23 is a microstrip line connected in parallel with the loaded series microstrip line stub 21;
the coupling microstrip line branch section 24 is two microstrip lines which are arranged in parallel and close to each other and are arranged beside the loading series microstrip line branch section 21, and the coupling microstrip line branch section 24 is electrically disconnected with the loading series microstrip line branch section 21, the short-circuit microstrip line branch section 22 and the parallel microstrip line branch section 23; the two coupling microstrip line branch sections 24 are positioned on two sides of the short-circuit microstrip line branch section 22;
the rectifier circuit module 3 comprises a first capacitor 31, one end of the first capacitor 31 is electrically connected with the matching network module 2, the other end of the first capacitor 31 is respectively electrically connected with a first branch line and a second branch line, a first diode 32 is arranged on the first branch line, and a second capacitor 33 and a second diode 34 are arranged on the second branch line;
the load output module 4 is electrically connected with the first branch line and the second branch line, and is used for being connected with a load and supplying power to the load.
The miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit provided by the embodiment comprises: the device comprises a radio frequency energy input module 1, a matching network module 2, a rectifying circuit module 3 and a load output module 4. The radio frequency energy input part transmits radio frequency energy in the environment to a rear circuit; the matching network module 2 matches the input impedance of the whole radio frequency energy collecting circuit to a certain specific value under the normal condition, so that the radio frequency energy is transmitted to a rear circuit without reflection; the rectification circuit converts high-frequency radio frequency energy into direct current energy, and finally transmits the direct current energy to a load. The radio frequency energy collecting circuit of the embodiment has the characteristics of miniaturization, high energy collecting efficiency and good engineering application value.
As an improvement, in the miniaturized rf energy collecting circuit of the present embodiment, the circuit board is a flexible circuit board, the rf energy input module 1, the matching network module 2 and the conducting wire for electrical connection, which are formed on the circuit board and electrically connected in sequence, are printed on the front surface, and the rectifier circuit module 3 and the load output module 4 are disposed on the front surface.
As an improvement, in the miniaturized rf energy collecting circuit of this embodiment, the ground terminal is disposed on the back surface of the miniaturized rf energy collecting circuit, and the short-circuited microstrip branch section 22 is disposed on the back surface of the miniaturized rf energy collecting circuit.
As a modification, in the miniaturized rf energy collecting circuit of the present embodiment, the first diode 32 and the second diode 34 are schottky diodes.
As an improvement, the operating frequency of the Schottky diode is 80-150MHz in the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit of the embodiment.
As an improvement, in the miniaturized rf energy collecting circuit of the present embodiment, the width of the rf energy input module 1 is 0.3mm to 0.9mm, and the length is 5mm to 20 mm.
As an improvement, the impedance of the miniaturized rf energy collecting circuit of the present embodiment is 30-80 Ω.
The circuit principle of the circuit is shown in fig. 6, and the whole structure comprises: the device comprises a radio frequency energy input module 1, a matching network module 2, a rectifying circuit module 3 and a load output module 4. The radio frequency energy input part transmits radio frequency energy in the environment to a rear circuit; the matching network module 2 matches the input impedance of the whole radio frequency energy collecting circuit to a certain value, which is 50 ohms under the normal condition, so that the radio frequency energy is transmitted to a rear circuit without reflection; the rectification circuit converts high-frequency radio frequency energy into direct current energy, and finally transmits the direct current energy to a load.
The radio frequency energy collecting circuit is designed by taking the flexible dielectric substrate as the base material, the used flexible dielectric substrate is polyimide, the relative dielectric constant is 3.3-3.6, the loss tangent is 0.005-0.009, and the radio frequency energy collecting circuit is suitable for manufacturing radio frequency circuit boards, and the dielectric substrate is common, the cost is less than 20% of that of Rogers substrate, and the manufacturing process of the circuit board is mature. The thickness of the circuit board is not more than 0.2 mm. The microstrip line is used as a matching network module and reasonably designed into a rectifying circuit, so that the width of the whole circuit is 1-2 mm, the length of the whole circuit is 40-60 mm, and the whole circuit is of a slender structure. The circuit has the characteristics of flexibility, slenderness and miniaturization, can be placed on common electronic equipment, can be pasted and covered on other equipment in a conformal mode, can be implanted into a human body as a power supply circuit to supply power to other implanted medical equipment after sterilization treatment, and has a very wide application range.
The radio frequency energy input part adopts a microstrip line design, the impedance of the microstrip line can be conveniently adjusted to a certain specific value (normally, the value is 50 ohms), so that the radio frequency energy is transmitted to a rear circuit, the width of the microstrip line of the part is 0.3 mm-0.9 mm, and the length of the microstrip line of the part is 5 mm-20 mm.
The matching network module 2 matches the circuit impedance to a certain value (typically 50 ohms). When radio frequency signals with different frequencies and different powers are transmitted to a circuit, the impedance of the circuit changes, so that the matching network module 2 is required to match the impedance of the whole circuit to a certain specific value (usually, the value is 50 ohms), the transmitted radio frequency signals cannot be reflected, the radio frequency signals can completely enter a rear rectifying circuit, energy waste is reduced, and the energy collection efficiency of the circuit is improved. The common matching network module 2 uses discrete elements such as capacitors and inductors to perform impedance matching, the matching mode not only needs to additionally weld the discrete elements such as capacitors and inductors, but also needs to debug in a large quantity so as to determine the optimal element, and the matching mode is time-consuming in welding, labor-consuming in debugging and high in cost. The matching network module 2 in the invention adopts a microstrip line matching mode, a series microstrip line branch section 21 and/or a short-circuit microstrip line branch section 22 and/or a parallel microstrip line branch section 23 and/or a coupling microstrip line branch section 24 are loaded, the optimal structure of the microstrip line is determined by software simulation, the integral input impedance of the circuit is matched to a certain specific value (normally, the value is 50 ohms), and the produced circuit board does not need to be additionally welded and debugged, thereby reducing the design and production difficulty and saving the cost.
The rectifying circuit converts an alternating radio frequency signal into a direct current signal, and in order to reduce the loss of radio frequency energy, a schottky diode having a low turn-on voltage is used as a rectifying diode. In addition, because the collected signal is a radio frequency signal above 100MHz, a Schottky diode capable of working at a radio frequency should be selected. The more the number of the rectifier diodes is used, the more the energy consumed on the rectifier diodes is, and the energy collection efficiency is reduced, so that the rectifier circuit is designed in the mode of fig. 7, and two schottky diodes are used as the rectifier diodes, so that the radio frequency energy can be converted into direct current energy, unnecessary energy loss can be reduced, and the energy collection efficiency is improved. The capacitor used by the rectification circuit is a radio frequency capacitor packaged in a small size, so that the size of the circuit can be reduced, and the circuit can work under radio frequency to realize the function of collecting radio frequency energy.
The radio frequency energy input module 1 and the matching network module 2 designed above can flexibly design corresponding circuits according to different radio frequency signal frequencies and powers collected according to needs. Therefore, the radio frequency signal collected by the circuit has wide frequency range and wide power range.
Taking the collection of 915MHz radio frequency signal energy as an example, when the load is a resistance of 510 ohms, the data analysis is performed on the radio frequency energy collection circuit of the invention, and each item of data is as follows:
within the input power of 10-30 dBm, the real part of the input impedance of the radio frequency energy collecting circuit is close to 50 ohms, the imaginary part is close to 0, and the reflection coefficient is-13 dB-17 dB, so that the impedance matching effect of the radio frequency energy collecting circuit is good, radio frequency signals are transmitted to the rectifying circuit, the energy collecting efficiency is 50-73%, and high-efficiency radio frequency energy collection is realized. The power supply circuit is calculated by using the input power of 26dBm, the input impedance is 49.3+ j 12.7 ohms, the reflection coefficient is-18 dB, the output voltage loaded on a load is 12V, the energy collection efficiency reaches 71%, the output power reaches 282mW, the power supply requirement of low-power consumption electronic equipment can be met, and the power supply circuit has a good engineering application value. Various types of simulation curves are shown in fig. 1-5.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a power supply circuit for an implantable medical device, which uses the miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit of embodiment 1, and the load output module 4 of the miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit is connected to the implantable medical device.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiments according to the present application, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the contents of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A miniaturized radio frequency energy harvesting circuit, comprising: the radio frequency energy input module (1), the matching network module (2), the rectifier circuit module (3) and the load output module (4) are formed on the circuit board and electrically connected in sequence;
the radio frequency energy input module (1) is a rectangular microstrip line;
the matching network module (2) comprises a loaded series microstrip line branch section (21) and/or a short-circuit microstrip line branch section (22) and/or a parallel microstrip line branch section (23) and/or a coupling microstrip line branch section (24);
the loading series microstrip line branch section (21) is a rectangular microstrip line which is directly and electrically connected with the radio frequency energy input module (1);
the short-circuit microstrip line branch section (22) is a microstrip line connected with the loaded serial microstrip line branch section (21) and a grounding end;
the parallel microstrip line branch section (23) is a microstrip line connected in parallel with the loaded serial microstrip line branch section (21);
the coupling microstrip line branch sections (24) are two microstrip lines which are arranged in parallel and close to each other and are arranged beside the loading series microstrip line branch section (21), and the coupling microstrip line branch sections (24) are electrically disconnected with the loading series microstrip line branch sections (21), the short-circuit microstrip line branch sections (22) and the parallel microstrip line branch sections (23);
the rectifier circuit module (3) comprises a first capacitor (31), one end of the first capacitor (31) is electrically connected with the matching network module (2), the other end of the first capacitor (31) is electrically connected with a first branch line and a second branch line respectively, a first diode (32) is arranged on the first branch line, and a second capacitor (33) and a second diode (34) are arranged on the second branch line;
the load output module (4) is electrically connected with the first branch line and the second branch line, is used for being connected with a load and supplies power to the load.
2. The miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the circuit board is a flexible circuit board, the rf energy input module (1), the matching network module (2) and the conductive wires for electrical connection formed on the circuit board and electrically connected in sequence are printed on the front surface, and the rectifier circuit module (3) and the load output module (4) are disposed on the front surface.
3. The miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit of claim 2, wherein the ground is disposed on a back side of the miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit, and the short-circuited microstrip stub (22).
4. The miniaturized radio frequency energy harvesting circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first diode (32) and the second diode (34) are schottky diodes.
5. The miniaturized radio frequency energy harvesting circuit of claim 4, wherein the Schottky diode has an operating frequency of 80-150 MHz.
6. The miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the rf energy input module (1) has a width of 0.3mm to 0.9mm and a length of 5mm to 20 mm.
7. The miniaturized radio frequency energy harvesting circuit of any of claims 1-5, wherein the impedance of the miniaturized radio frequency energy harvesting circuit is 30-80 Ω.
8. An implantable medical device power supply circuit, characterized in that a miniaturized radiofrequency energy harvesting circuit according to any one of claims 1-7 is used, the load output module (4) of which is connected to an implantable medical device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911205811.4A CN110935098B (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Miniaturized radio frequency energy collection circuit and implantable medical device power supply circuit |
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| CN201911205811.4A CN110935098B (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Miniaturized radio frequency energy collection circuit and implantable medical device power supply circuit |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105915074A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-31 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband high-efficiency microwave rectifier |
| CN106452117A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆邮电大学 | Broadband rectifier for radio frequency energy collecting system |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105915074A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-31 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband high-efficiency microwave rectifier |
| CN106452117A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆邮电大学 | Broadband rectifier for radio frequency energy collecting system |
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