CN110933829A - Multi-channel plasma jet device and method based on micro-cavity metal wire electric explosion - Google Patents
Multi-channel plasma jet device and method based on micro-cavity metal wire electric explosion Download PDFInfo
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- CN110933829A CN110933829A CN201911247214.8A CN201911247214A CN110933829A CN 110933829 A CN110933829 A CN 110933829A CN 201911247214 A CN201911247214 A CN 201911247214A CN 110933829 A CN110933829 A CN 110933829A
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- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
Abstract
The present disclosure discloses a multichannel plasma injection apparatus based on microcavity wire electrical explosion, including: a gas switch and a trigger circuit; the gas switch comprises a ground electrode, a plurality of grooves are arranged in the ground electrode, and a plasma jet microcavity is arranged in each groove; the plasma jet micro-cavity comprises a jet orifice arranged at the top end of the plasma jet micro-cavity, and further comprises a wire explosion cavity, a metal wire, a trigger electrode and an insulating fixing piece. The disclosure also discloses a multichannel plasma jet method based on the microcavity metal wire electric explosion. The multi-channel synchronous injection device can better realize multi-channel synchronous injection, realize the shunting effect on large through-flow gaps, reduce ablation, prolong the service life of electrodes and have good protection effect on a switching device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-voltage electrical appliances and pulse power, and particularly relates to a multichannel plasma jet device and method based on microcavity metal wire electric explosion.
Background
The gas switch is one of the most common switch types in the technical fields of high-voltage electrical appliances and pulse power, and has extremely wide application. Under the condition that the working coefficient of the gas switch is very low, the reliable triggering of the switch is difficult to ensure through conventional triggering modes such as electric field distortion triggering, ultraviolet preionization triggering and the like, and the mode of microcavity metal wire electric explosion can generate jet plasma with higher jet height and higher conductivity, so that the reliable conduction of the gas switch under the extremely low working coefficient is realized, and the gas switch is one of the triggering modes with great potential.
However, when the triggering mode of the microcavity metal wire electric explosion jet plasma is applied to a large through-flow gap, the problem of ablation is inevitably faced, and under the condition that the existing ablation-resistant material is difficult to break through in a short period, the formation of multi-channel synchronous jet is particularly important, and when the multi-channel synchronous jet is carried out, a plurality of short-circuit channels can be forcibly formed in the main gap to realize current shunting, so that the ablation is reduced, and the service life of an electrode is prolonged.
In view of the above, the present patent proposes a multi-channel plasma spraying device based on microcavity wire electrical explosion and a synchronous triggering method thereof. Specifically, a plurality of insulating microcavity modules are embedded in a main electrode, and pulse current is synchronously applied to each insulating microcavity module for triggering, so that the effects of synchronously performing wire electrical explosion on a plurality of microcavities and synchronously jetting plasma are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a multi-channel plasma spraying device based on microcavity metal wire electrical explosion and a synchronous triggering method thereof, in which a plurality of insulating microcavity modules are embedded in a main electrode, and pulse current is synchronously applied to each insulating microcavity module for triggering, so that the metal wire electrical explosion is synchronously performed by the plurality of microcavities, and plasma is synchronously sprayed, thereby synchronously improving ablation resistance and service life.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present disclosure provides the following technical solutions:
a multi-channel plasma jet device based on micro-cavity metal wire electric explosion comprises: a gas switch and a trigger circuit;
the gas switch comprises a ground electrode, a plurality of grooves are arranged in the ground electrode, and a plasma jet microcavity is arranged in each groove;
the plasma jet micro-cavity comprises a jet orifice arranged at the top end of the plasma jet micro-cavity, and further comprises a wire explosion cavity, a metal wire, a trigger electrode and an insulating fixing piece;
one side of the wire explosion cavity is attached to the groove of the ground electrode and communicated with the jet orifice, and the other side of the wire explosion cavity is attached to the trigger electrode;
the metal wire is positioned in the wire explosion cavity and is simultaneously connected with the ground electrode and the trigger electrode;
the upper cylinder of the insulating fixing piece is attached to the groove of the ground electrode, and the lower cylinder is connected with the ground electrode through threads;
the trigger circuit is connected with the trigger electrode, comprises a charging circuit and a synchronous trigger discharging circuit, and is used for applying pulse current to synchronously trigger the metal wires in the plurality of plasma jet micro-cavities to electrically explode to generate plasma.
Preferably, the wire comprises any one of: copper, aluminum, silver, foil.
Preferably, the wire explosion cavity is made of a high polymer material.
Preferably, the ground electrode is 20-40mm in height and is 100-120mm in diameter.
Preferably, the depth of the groove of the ground electrode is 30-40mm, and the diameter is 15-25 mm.
Preferably, the charging circuit comprises an alternating current power supply, a transformer, a high-voltage diode, a plurality of charging resistors and a plurality of non-inductive capacitors, wherein the number of the charging resistors is the same as that of the non-inductive capacitors;
the alternating current power supply is connected with the primary side of the transformer, and the secondary side of the transformer is connected with one side of the high-voltage diode;
each charging resistor in the plurality of charging resistors and each non-inductive capacitor in the plurality of non-inductive capacitors are connected in parallel and then are connected to the other side of the high-voltage diode together.
Preferably, the capacitance of the non-inductive capacitor is 100-200uF, and the resistance of the charging resistor is 100-200 kOmega.
Preferably, the synchronous trigger discharge loop comprises a plurality of thyristors and a plurality of discharge resistors;
one side of each thyristor in the plurality of thyristors is connected with one side of each non-inductive capacitor in the plurality of non-inductive capacitors, and the other side of each thyristor in the plurality of thyristors is connected with one side of each discharging resistor in the plurality of discharging resistors;
the other side of each of the plurality of discharge resistors is grounded, a lead terminal is externally connected to the connection part of each of the plurality of discharge resistors and each of the plurality of thyristors, and the lead terminal is connected with the trigger electrode.
Preferably, each of the plurality of discharge resistors has a resistance value of 10 to 100k Ω.
The present disclosure also provides a multichannel plasma spraying method based on microcavity metal wire electrical explosion, comprising the following steps:
s100: connecting the trigger electrode with a trigger circuit;
s200: charging a trigger circuit;
s300: and the trigger circuit discharges to generate synchronous high-voltage pulses, and synchronously triggers the metal wires in the plurality of plasma jet micro-cavities to electrically explode to generate plasmas, and the plasmas are jetted out from the jet orifice on the ground electrode.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect that this disclosure brought does:
1. the multiple insulating microcavity modules are embedded into the ground electrode to synchronously perform metal wire electric explosion, so that plasma is synchronously sprayed, current is shunted, and the ablation resistance of the device is improved;
2. the synchronous triggering circuit is utilized to ensure that a plurality of insulating microcavity modules are synchronously triggered, and the reliability of the multi-channel plasma jet device is effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multichannel plasma spraying device based on microcavity wire electric explosion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
1-ground electrode, 2-plasma jet microcavity, 3-jet orifice, 4-wire explosion cavity, 5-metal wire, 6-trigger electrode and 7-insulating fixing piece;
FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram of a trigger circuit of a multi-channel plasma j et provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a multichannel plasma spraying method based on microcavity wire electric explosion according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 3 and the embodiments.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the present disclosure provides a multi-channel plasma j et device based on microcavity wire electrical explosion, comprising: a gas switch and trigger circuit; the gas switch comprises a ground electrode 1, a plurality of grooves are arranged in the ground electrode 1, and a plasma jet micro-cavity 2 is arranged in each groove; the plasma jet micro-cavity 2 comprises a jet orifice 3 arranged at the top end of the plasma jet micro-cavity, and the plasma jet micro-cavity 2 further comprises a wire explosion cavity 4, a metal wire 5, a trigger electrode 6 and an insulating fixing piece 7; one side of the wire explosion cavity 4 is attached to a groove of the ground electrode 1 and communicated with the jet orifice 3, the other side of the wire explosion cavity is attached to the trigger electrode 6, the metal wire is positioned in the wire explosion cavity 4 and simultaneously connected with the ground electrode 1 and the trigger electrode 6, an upper cylinder of the insulating fixing piece 7 is attached to the groove of the ground electrode 1, and a lower cylinder is connected with the ground electrode 1 through threads; the trigger circuit is connected with the trigger electrode 6, comprises a charging circuit and a synchronous trigger discharging circuit, and is used for applying pulse current to synchronously trigger the metal wires in the plurality of plasma jet micro-cavities to electrically explode to generate plasma.
In this embodiment, the trigger circuit can generate a synchronous trigger pulse to act on the trigger electrodes of the multiple plasma injection devices simultaneously, so that the metal wires in the multiple plasma injection devices are affected by the synchronous trigger pulse to be gasified, high-density plasma generated by discharge is injected through the injection ports, and the injected plasma enters the gas environment to generate a synchronous multiple plasma channel. Compared with the traditional plasma jet device, the multichannel plasma jet device based on the microcavity metal wire electric explosion can better realize multichannel synchronous jet, realize the shunting effect on large through-flow gaps, reduce ablation, prolong the service life of electrodes and have a good protection effect on a switch device.
In another embodiment, the wire 5 comprises any one of: copper, aluminum, silver, foil.
In the present example, metals such as copper, aluminum, silver, and foil have good conductivity, and when a strong current is applied, an electric explosion is easily generated, but in view of economical efficiency, aluminum is preferably used as a raw material for performing an electric explosion experiment.
In another embodiment, the popping chamber 4 is made of a polymeric material.
In this embodiment, the implosion chamber 4 is required to have high electrical insulation and corrosion resistance, and typically, special engineering plastics (such as polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, and polyether ether ketone), rubber (such as polybutadiene and polyisoprene), and fiber products (such as polyester fibers and polyamide fibers) can be selected, and in this embodiment, polyimide is preferably used as a material for preparing the implosion chamber 4.
In another embodiment, the ground electrode 1 has a height of 20-40mm and a diameter of 100-120 mm.
In another embodiment, the grooves of the ground electrode 1 have a depth of 30-40mm and a diameter of 15-25 mm.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the charging circuit comprises an ac power source, a transformer T, and a high voltage diode D1A plurality of charging resistors R11-R1XAnd a plurality of non-inductive capacitors C1-CXWherein the plurality of charging resistors R11-R1XAnd a plurality of non-inductive capacitors C1-CXThe number of (2) is the same; the AC power supply is connected with the primary side of the transformer T, and the secondary side of the transformer T is connected with the high-voltage transformer IIOne side of the diode D1, the charging resistors R11-R1XEach charging resistor and multiple non-inductive capacitors C1-CXEach non-inductive capacitor is connected in parallel and then is commonly connected to the other side of the high-voltage diode D1.
In this embodiment, the ac power supply is adjustable between 0V and 250V, and after the primary side of the transformer T is connected to the ac power supply, the secondary side of the transformer T passes through the high voltage diode D1Rectifying through a charging resistor R11-R1XTo complete the non-inductive capacitance C1-CXAnd (6) charging.
Note that the non-inductive capacitance C1-CXThe plasma jet micro-cavity synchronous triggering device has the characteristics of small self-inductance, low equivalent series resistance, small loss, high insulation resistance, large du/dt value and the like, can provide strong pulse current, and is suitable for the requirement of synchronously triggering a plurality of plasma jet micro-cavities.
In another embodiment, the non-inductive capacitor C1-CXThe capacitance of (1) is 100-200uF, and the charging resistor R11-R1XThe resistance value of (1) is 100-200k omega.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the synchronous trigger discharge loop comprises a plurality of thyristor SCRs1-SCRxAnd a plurality of discharge resistors R21-R2XSaid plurality of thyristor SCRs1-SCRxOne side of each thyristor in the series circuit and the plurality of non-inductive capacitors C1-CXEach of the plurality of thyristor SCRs is connected to one side of a non-inductive capacitor1-SCRxThe other side of each thyristor and the discharge resistors R21-R2XOne side of each of the discharge resistors R is connected with one side of the other discharge resistor R21-R2XThe other side of each discharge resistor R is grounded, and the discharge resistors R are connected in series21-R2XEach of the discharge resistors and the plurality of thyristor SCRs1-SCRxThe connection part of each thyristor is externally connected with a lead terminal Uout1-UoutxSaid lead terminal Uout1-UoutxIs connected to the trigger electrode 6.
In this embodiment, the thyristor SCR1-SCRxSynchronous conducting non-inductive capacitor C1-CXThrough a discharge resistor R21-R2XDischarged and then passes through the lead terminal Uout1-UoutxSynchronous high-voltage pulses are generated to promote the metal wires 5 in the plurality of plasma jet micro-cavities 2 to synchronously generate electric explosion.
In another embodiment, the discharge resistor R21-R2XHas a resistance of 10-100k omega.
In another embodiment, the insulating fixing member 7 is a cylinder-like member with a through hole, and the material is an insulating material, preferably polytetrafluoroethylene. The diameter of the through hole of the insulating fixing piece 7 is 3-5mm, the inner wall of the through hole is tightly attached to the lower cylindrical surface of the trigger electrode 6, the upper cylindrical body of the insulating fixing piece 7 is attached to the groove and the wire explosion cavity of the ground electrode 1, the lower cylindrical body is connected with the ground electrode 1 through threads, and the outer side of the lower cylindrical body is provided with an M6 external thread.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the present disclosure further provides a multichannel plasma spraying method based on microcavity wire electric explosion, including the following steps:
s100: connecting the trigger electrode with a trigger circuit;
s200: charging a trigger circuit;
s300: and the trigger circuit discharges to generate synchronous high-voltage pulses, and synchronously triggers the metal wires in the plurality of plasma jet micro-cavities to electrically explode to generate plasmas, and the plasmas are jetted out from the jet orifice on the ground electrode.
Compared with the traditional plasma jet device, the multichannel plasma jet device based on the microcavity metal wire electric explosion can better realize multichannel synchronous jet, realize the shunting effect on large through-flow gaps, reduce ablation, prolong the service life of electrodes and have good protection effect on a switch device.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-channel plasma jet device based on micro-cavity metal wire electric explosion comprises: a gas switch and a trigger circuit;
the gas switch comprises a ground electrode, a plurality of grooves are arranged in the ground electrode, and a plasma jet microcavity is arranged in each groove;
the plasma jet micro-cavity comprises a jet orifice arranged at the top end of the plasma jet micro-cavity, and further comprises a wire explosion cavity, a metal wire, a trigger electrode and an insulating fixing piece;
one side of the wire explosion cavity is attached to the groove of the ground electrode and communicated with the jet orifice, and the other side of the wire explosion cavity is attached to the trigger electrode;
the metal wire is positioned in the wire explosion cavity and is simultaneously connected with the ground electrode and the trigger electrode;
the upper cylinder of the insulating fixing piece is attached to the groove of the ground electrode, and the lower cylinder is connected with the ground electrode through threads;
the trigger circuit is connected with the trigger electrode, comprises a charging circuit and a synchronous trigger discharging circuit, and is used for applying pulse current to synchronously trigger the metal wires in the plurality of plasma jet micro-cavities to electrically explode to generate plasma.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the wire preferably comprises any one of: copper, aluminum, silver, foil.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the popping chamber is made of a polymeric material.
4. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ground electrode is 20-40mm high and 120mm in diameter.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the grooves of the ground electrode have a depth of 30-40mm and a diameter of 15-25 mm.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the charging loop comprises an ac power source, a transformer, a high voltage diode, a plurality of charging resistors, and a plurality of non-inductive capacitors, wherein the plurality of charging resistors and the plurality of non-inductive capacitors are equal in number;
the alternating current power supply is connected with the primary side of the transformer, and the secondary side of the transformer is connected with one side of the high-voltage diode;
each charging resistor in the plurality of charging resistors and each non-inductive capacitor in the plurality of non-inductive capacitors are connected in parallel and then are connected to the other side of the high-voltage diode together.
7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the capacitance of the non-inductive capacitor is 100-200uF, and the resistance of the charging resistor is 100-200kΩ.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the synchronously triggered discharge loop comprises a plurality of thyristors and a plurality of discharge resistors;
one side of each thyristor in the plurality of thyristors is connected with one side of each non-inductive capacitor in the plurality of non-inductive capacitors, and the other side of each thyristor in the plurality of thyristors is connected with one side of each discharging resistor in the plurality of discharging resistors;
the other side of each of the plurality of discharge resistors is grounded, a lead terminal is externally connected to the connection part of each of the plurality of discharge resistors and each of the plurality of thyristors, and the lead terminal is connected with the trigger electrode.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein each of the plurality of discharge resistors has a resistance of 10-100k Ω.
10. A method of plasma spraying according to the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s100: connecting the trigger electrode with a trigger circuit;
s200: charging a trigger circuit;
s300: and the trigger circuit discharges to generate synchronous high-voltage pulses, and synchronously triggers the metal wires in the plurality of plasma jet micro-cavities to electrically explode to generate plasmas, and the plasmas are jetted out from the jet orifice on the ground electrode.
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