CN110932443B - Low-harmonic-content hub motor of electric automobile - Google Patents
Low-harmonic-content hub motor of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN110932443B CN110932443B CN201911250640.7A CN201911250640A CN110932443B CN 110932443 B CN110932443 B CN 110932443B CN 201911250640 A CN201911250640 A CN 201911250640A CN 110932443 B CN110932443 B CN 110932443B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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Abstract
A hub motor with low harmonic content for an electric automobile belongs to the technical field of automobile electric appliances. Including stator and rotor, its characterized in that: the rotor comprises a hub (9) and a magnetic conduction block (1) on the inner surface of the hub; the stator is positioned in the hub (9), the stator comprises a stator fixing block (5) and a plurality of stator iron cores (4) on the outer ring of the stator fixing block, each stator iron core (4) comprises two stator poles, and an auxiliary winding (3) and an armature winding (8) are wound on the stator poles of the stator iron cores (4); a permanent magnet (2) is obliquely arranged in the stator core (4); the armature windings (8) are provided with multiple phases, and the multiple phases of the armature windings (8) are sequentially wound on the stator poles of different stator cores (4). In the hub motor with low harmonic content for the electric automobile, the auxiliary winding is arranged in the stator core, so that the defect that the excitation of the permanent magnet brushless hub motor in the prior art is nonadjustable is overcome, and the economy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
A hub motor with low harmonic content for an electric automobile belongs to the technical field of automobile electric appliances.
Background
The hub motor integrates the motor and the transmission device into the hub, so that the transmission mechanism of the electric automobile is greatly simplified, and the design of the electric automobile is flexible and diverse. Meanwhile, the hub motor has the characteristic of independent driving of a single wheel, so that the hub motor can be easily realized in a front-driving mode, a rear-driving mode or a four-driving mode, and the full-time four-driving mode is very easy to realize on a vehicle driven by the hub motor.
At present, the electric automobile mainly uses a permanent magnet brushless hub motor, and has the remarkable advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, small size, less loss, flexible and various shapes and sizes of the motor and the like. However, the motor has the defects of non-adjustable excitation, low constant-power adjustable speed ratio and poor economy because more power reserves are needed in the actual working condition change range.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the problem that excitation of a permanent magnet brushless hub motor is nonadjustable in the prior art is solved by arranging the auxiliary winding in the stator core, and the economical hub motor with low harmonic content of the electric automobile is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: this electric automobile low harmonic content's in-wheel motor, including stator and relative pivoted rotor, its characterized in that: the rotor comprises a hub and a plurality of magnetic conduction blocks which are uniformly fixed on the inner surface of the hub;
the stator is positioned in the hub and comprises a stator fixing block and a plurality of stator iron cores which are uniformly distributed on the outer ring of the stator fixing block, each stator iron core comprises two stator poles, auxiliary windings and armature windings are wound on all the stator poles formed by the stator iron cores at intervals, and the winding directions of the armature windings and the auxiliary windings on the same stator iron core are opposite; permanent magnets are obliquely arranged in the stator iron core; the armature winding is provided with multiple phases, and the multiple phases of armature windings are sequentially wound on the stator poles of different stator cores.
Preferably, the auxiliary winding is an excitation winding, an armature winding or a magnetizing winding.
Preferably, the armature winding and the auxiliary winding are both concentrated windings, and the winding directions of the armature winding and the auxiliary winding are respectively the same.
Preferably, the permanent magnet is arranged on the inner side of the stator core, and an included angle of 40-50 degrees is formed between the permanent magnet and the bottom of the inner side of the stator core.
Preferably, a stator shaft is arranged at the axis of the stator fixing block, the stator shaft is led out from the front end face and the rear end face of the hub, and bearings are respectively arranged on the front contact surface and the rear contact surface of the stator shaft and the hub.
Preferably, the outer end surface of the stator core is a convex cambered surface, and the cambered surfaces of the outer end surfaces of all the stator cores form a circumference.
Preferably, the arc length of the arc surface formed on the outer end surface of the stator core is equal to the arc length of the arc surface of the inner ring of the magnetic conduction block.
Preferably, the armature windings include an a-phase armature winding, a B-phase armature winding, and a C-phase armature winding, and each phase armature winding is wound on one stator pole and then continuously wound on the other stator pole which is radially symmetrical with respect to the stator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the hub motor with low harmonic content for the electric automobile, the auxiliary winding is arranged in the stator core, so that the defect that the excitation of the permanent magnet brushless hub motor in the prior art is nonadjustable is overcome, and the economy is improved. Meanwhile, the rotor pole structure is designed to be gradually magnetic conductive, so that the edge effect of the reluctance motor can be greatly reduced, and harmonic waves caused by the edge effect are reduced. On the stator, there is a section of flat wave both from top to bottom in the flux linkage change curve, therefore whole sine is lower than the only one section of flat wave harmonic content in the bottom of traditional switched reluctance motor.
2. The auxiliary winding can be used as an excitation winding, an armature winding or a magnetizing winding, and when the auxiliary winding is used as the magnetizing winding and the working condition of the hub motor with low harmonic content of the electric automobile is low-speed and heavy load, the magnetizing winding charges a large magnetic field for the permanent magnet; when the working condition of the motor is high speed and small load, the magnetizing winding charges a small magnetic field to the permanent magnet, so that the field weakening and speed expansion are realized. When the auxiliary winding is used as an excitation winding, the winding directions of all the excitation windings are consistent, the winding direction of the armature winding is opposite to the winding direction of the excitation winding on the same stator core, and at the moment, the working principle of the hub motor with low harmonic content of the electric automobile is the same as that of a hybrid excitation motor in the prior art. The auxiliary winding can also be used as another group of central winding with different turns than the armature winding, one group with more turns is used when the hub motor with low harmonic content of the electric automobile is in a low-speed working condition, and the other group with less turns is used in a high-speed working condition.
3. The rotor adopted by the motor has no excitation winding, and the motor has the advantages of simple structure, firmness, durability, wide speed regulation range and suitability for high-speed operation.
4. The outer rotor structure is adopted, so that the energy loss of a transmission link is reduced, and the electric vehicle can be directly driven to run.
5. The hub motor with low harmonic content of the electric automobile has shorter magnetic flux linkage, small magnetic resistance of a stator core and low iron loss; the silicon steel sheet consumption is little, motor light in weight.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a low harmonic content in-wheel motor of an electric vehicle.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a low harmonic content hub motor of an electric vehicle.
FIG. 3 is a wiring diagram of a hub motor with low harmonic content for an electric vehicle.
FIG. 4 is a magnetic flux linkage waveform diagram of a hub motor with low harmonic content for an electric vehicle.
Wherein: 1. the magnetic conduction block 2, the permanent magnet 3, the auxiliary winding 4, the stator core 5, the stator fixing block 6, the stator shaft 7, the bearing 8, the armature winding 9 and the wheel hub.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 to 4 are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
As shown in FIGS. 1-2, the hub motor with low harmonic content for the electric automobile comprises a stator and a hub 9 sleeved on the outer ring of the stator. The hub 9 is made of a non-magnetic material.
The inner ring of the hub 9 is provided with 8X (X is an integer) clamping grooves, and a magnetic conduction block 1 made of magnetic conduction material is clamped in each clamping groove. The section of the magnetic conduction block 1 is in a flat shovel shape, the outer ring of the magnetic conduction block 1 is provided with a clamping block matched with the clamping groove in shape, the inner ring of the magnetic conduction block 1 is an arc-shaped surface, the arc surfaces of the inner rings of all the magnetic conduction blocks 1 surround to form a circumference, and the stator is arranged in the circumference.
The stator comprises a stator fixing block 5 with a circular section, the stator fixing block 5 is made of non-magnetic materials, a stator shaft 6 is installed at the axis of the stator fixing block 5, the stator shaft 6 extends out of the front end face and the rear end face of a hub 9, and bearings 7 are installed on contact surfaces between the front end face and the rear end face of the hub 9 and the stator shaft 6 respectively. The outer ring of the stator fixing block 5 is uniformly provided with 6X (X is an integer) clamping grooves, and a stator core 4 is clamped in each clamping groove.
The outer end surface of the stator core 4 is a convex cambered surface, and the cambered surfaces of the outer end surfaces of all the stator cores 4 form a circumference. The arc length of the arc surface formed on the outer end surface of the stator core 4 is equal to the arc length of the arc surface of the inner ring of the magnetic conduction block 1. The stator cores 4 are V-shaped in cross-section so that two stator poles are formed at the outer end of each stator core 4. In the hub motor with low harmonic content of the electric automobile, the integer X is 1, so 12 stator poles are formed on 6 stator cores 4, and two stator poles of the stator cores 4 are connected through a yoke part of a stator. The inner side of the stator core 4 is embedded with a sheet-shaped permanent magnet 2, and the permanent magnet 2 and the bottom of the inner side of the stator core 4 form an included angle of 40-50 degrees.
An auxiliary winding 3 and an armature winding 8 are respectively wound on two stator poles of each stator core 4, the auxiliary winding 3 and the armature winding 8 are arranged at the same position on each stator core 4, and the auxiliary winding 3 and the armature winding 8 both adopt centralized windings. The winding directions of the auxiliary windings 3 on all the stator cores 4 are consistent, and the winding directions of the armature windings 8 on all the stator cores 4 are also consistent, but the winding directions of the auxiliary windings 3 and the armature windings 8 on two stator poles of the same stator core 4 are opposite.
When the auxiliary winding 3 is used as a magnetizing winding, and when the working condition of the hub motor with low harmonic content of the electric automobile is low speed and large load, the magnetizing winding charges a large magnetic field to the permanent magnet 2; when the working condition of the motor is high speed and small load, the magnetizing winding charges a small magnetic field to the permanent magnet 2, so that the field weakening and speed expansion are realized. When the auxiliary winding 3 is used as an excitation winding, the winding directions of all the excitation windings are consistent, the winding direction of the armature winding 8 is opposite to the winding direction of the excitation winding on the same stator core 4, and at the moment, the working principle of the hub motor with low harmonic content of the electric automobile is the same as that of a hybrid excitation motor in the prior art. The auxiliary winding 3 can also be used as another group of central windings with different numbers of turns from the armature winding 8, one group with more number of turns is used when the hub motor with low harmonic content of the electric automobile is in a low-speed working condition, and the other group with less number of turns is used in a high-speed working condition.
The armature windings 8 include an a-phase armature winding, a B-phase armature winding, and a C-phase armature winding according to the difference of phases, the a-phase armature winding, the B-phase armature winding, and the C-phase armature winding are sequentially wound on the stator poles of the adjacent stator cores 4, and each phase of armature winding 8 is wound on one stator pole and then continuously wound on the other stator pole which is radially symmetrical with respect to the stator.
With reference to fig. 3, 12 stator poles formed by the stator core 4 are sequentially defined as stator poles 1 to 12, the stator pole 1 is radially symmetrical to the stator pole 7, the stator pole 2 is radially symmetrical to the stator pole 8, … …, the stator pole 6 is radially symmetrical to the stator pole 12, the auxiliary winding 3 is wound on the stator poles 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11, the armature winding of phase a is wound on the stator poles 2 and 8, the armature winding of phase B is wound on the stator poles 4 and 10, and the armature winding of phase C is wound on the stator poles 6 and 12.
The specific working process and working principle are as follows:
in the hub motor with low harmonic content for the electric automobile, under the action of the bearing 7, the hub 9 can rotate around the shaft, so that the tire on the outer side of the hub is driven to rotate. An armature winding 8 is wound on the stator pole on the clockwise side of each stator core 4, and an auxiliary winding 3 is wound on the stator pole on the counterclockwise side of each stator core 4. Referring to fig. 4, when the auxiliary winding 3 is supplied with an excitation current, flux linkages of the three-phase windings periodically change when the rotor rotates, and thus an induced electromotive force or a back electromotive force may be induced. Meanwhile, in the hub motor with low harmonic content for the electric automobile, the rotor pole structure is designed into progressive magnetic conduction, so that the edge effect of the reluctance motor can be greatly reduced, and the harmonic caused by the edge effect is reduced. On the stator, there is a section of flat wave both from top to bottom in the flux linkage change curve, therefore whole sine is lower than the only one section of flat wave harmonic content in the bottom of traditional switched reluctance motor.
The electric vehicle hybrid excitation hub motor is used as a motor, and a phase winding with rising inductance is electrified with forward current, so that the winding can generate positive torque; a positive current is applied to one phase winding of the inductor step-down, which can generate a negative torque. The motor has shorter total flux linkage, small magnetic resistance of the stator core and low iron consumption; the silicon steel sheet consumption is little, motor light in weight.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a low harmonic content's of electric automobile in-wheel motor, includes stator and relative pivoted rotor, its characterized in that: the rotor comprises a hub (9) and a plurality of magnetic conduction blocks (1) which are uniformly fixed on the inner surface of the hub (9);
the stator is positioned in the hub (9), the stator comprises a stator fixing block (5) and a plurality of stator iron cores (4) which are uniformly distributed on the outer ring of the stator fixing block (5), each stator iron core (4) comprises two stator poles, auxiliary windings (3) and armature windings (8) are wound on all the stator poles formed by the stator iron cores (4) at intervals, and the armature windings (8) and the auxiliary windings (3) on the same stator iron core (4) are opposite in winding direction; a permanent magnet (2) is obliquely arranged in the stator core (4); the armature windings (8) are provided with multiple phases, and the multiple phases of the armature windings (8) are sequentially wound on the stator poles of different stator cores (4);
the outer end surface of each stator core (4) is an outward convex cambered surface, and the cambered surfaces of the outer end surfaces of all the stator cores (4) form a circumference;
the arc length of an arc surface formed on the outer end surface of the stator core (4) is equal to that of an arc surface of the inner ring of the magnetic conduction block (1).
2. The electric automobile in-wheel motor with low harmonic content of claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary winding (3) is an excitation winding, an armature winding or a magnetizing winding.
3. The electric automobile in-wheel motor with low harmonic content of claim 1, characterized in that: the armature winding (8) and the auxiliary winding (3) are both centralized windings, and the winding directions of the armature winding (8) and the auxiliary winding (3) are the same.
4. The electric automobile in-wheel motor with low harmonic content of claim 1, characterized in that: the permanent magnet (2) is arranged on the inner side of the stator core (4), and an included angle of 40-50 degrees is formed between the permanent magnet (2) and the bottom of the inner side of the stator core (4).
5. The electric automobile in-wheel motor with low harmonic content of claim 1, characterized in that: the axial center of the stator fixing block (5) is provided with a stator shaft (6), the stator shaft (6) is led out from the front end face and the rear end face of the hub (9), and bearings (7) are respectively arranged on the front contact surface and the rear contact surface of the stator shaft (6) and the hub (9).
6. The electric automobile in-wheel motor with low harmonic content of claim 1, characterized in that: the armature windings (8) comprise an A-phase armature winding, a B-phase armature winding and a C-phase armature winding, and each phase of armature windings (8) is wound on one stator pole and then is continuously wound on the other stator pole which is radially symmetrical relative to the stator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911250640.7A CN110932443B (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Low-harmonic-content hub motor of electric automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911250640.7A CN110932443B (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Low-harmonic-content hub motor of electric automobile |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110932443A CN110932443A (en) | 2020-03-27 |
| CN110932443B true CN110932443B (en) | 2021-10-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911250640.7A Active CN110932443B (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Low-harmonic-content hub motor of electric automobile |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01186137A (en) * | 1988-01-19 | 1989-07-25 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Stator for outer rotor type motor |
| CN107070154A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-18 | 山东理工大学 | The phase magneto of extended-range electric vehicle five |
| CN109391049A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-02-26 | 史政齐 | The variable flux permanent magnet motor of the pre- coiling of electric car |
-
2019
- 2019-12-09 CN CN201911250640.7A patent/CN110932443B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01186137A (en) * | 1988-01-19 | 1989-07-25 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Stator for outer rotor type motor |
| CN107070154A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-18 | 山东理工大学 | The phase magneto of extended-range electric vehicle five |
| CN109391049A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-02-26 | 史政齐 | The variable flux permanent magnet motor of the pre- coiling of electric car |
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| CN110932443A (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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