CN110927466A - High-voltage direct-current insulation detection system and detection method - Google Patents
High-voltage direct-current insulation detection system and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110927466A CN110927466A CN201911159131.3A CN201911159131A CN110927466A CN 110927466 A CN110927466 A CN 110927466A CN 201911159131 A CN201911159131 A CN 201911159131A CN 110927466 A CN110927466 A CN 110927466A
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- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-voltage direct-current insulation detection system and a detection method, which comprise two paths of insulation resistance detection circuits, wherein each path of insulation resistance detection circuit comprises a direct-current power supply positive electrode grounding fixed arm, a direct-current power supply positive electrode grounding movable arm, a direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding fixed arm, a direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding movable arm and a high-voltage optical coupler; the switching on or off of the high-voltage optocoupler U1 and the high-voltage optocoupler U2 is controlled to enable the bridge arm of the detection circuit to be unbalanced, and the insulation resistance value R +, R-of the high-voltage direct-current bus to be detected is calculated by reading the voltage values of the analog-to-digital converter AD1 and the analog-to-digital converter AD 2. The invention has small size and strong function, can detect two paths of insulation resistors simultaneously, has quick response, and can detect the quick change in real time; lightning surge and leakage current are controllable, and the safety level is high; the installation and the use are convenient, and the maintenance is easy; the method has wide application prospect in the field of high-voltage direct current charging and replacing of new energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy charging and battery replacement, in particular to the fields of direct current output end insulation resistance detection of a direct current charging pile, direct current output end insulation detection of a vehicle-mounted charger, direct current output insulation resistance detection of battery pack discharging and the like; in particular to a high-voltage direct-current insulation detection system and a detection method.
Background
High voltage direct current of new energy field charges and discharges, and outdoor laying or on-vehicle service environment are all comparatively abominable, and the cable is ageing fast, fills the design of electric pile and generally is the industrial grade, and on-vehicle motor, battery need reach the car rule level, and is high to the safety requirement, in case the cable is ageing, and insulation resistance reduces, very easily takes place the flashover and then punctures the short circuit under the high-pressure heavy current condition, endangers user life safety, causes serious loss of property. In order to avoid serious accidents, reliable insulation resistance detection equipment is required to continuously detect insulation resistance, and when the resistance value is detected to be lower than a safety value, voltage drop current is immediately and automatically reduced, and a direct current loop is cut off, so that accidents are avoided, and equipment is convenient to overhaul and maintain.
There are also many balanced bridge technologies in the market for insulation detection devices, which cannot effectively detect the insulation resistance value and distinguish multiple-branch faults when the DC + ground and DC-ground voltages change at the same rate and in the same proportion.
The existing insulation detection device cannot detect insulation resistance in real time under the special condition that DC and DC-voltages change rapidly respectively to the ground voltage, and has hidden troubles in lightning surge and ground leakage current.
In addition, the insulation detection device also adopts a frequency conversion detection principle, but is easily influenced by the distributed capacitance of the direct current system to the ground, and the injected low-frequency alternating current signal increases the voltage ripple coefficient of the direct current system and influences the quality of the power supply.
Through retrieval, the invention applies for (patent) No. 201410604060.4, and the name is a charger insulation detection device and an insulation detection method, the invention adopts a balanced branch circuit-unbalanced branch circuit method to detect insulation resistance, and the bridge does not have a fixed balance point by switching the two-arm resistance of an unbalanced bridge, so that the equivalent insulation resistance of a positive direct current bus and a negative direct current bus to the ground can be calculated. However, the bridge arm change-over switch of the relay is a common electronic relay, and when the DC + and DC-voltages to earth change rapidly, the common electronic relay adopts mechanical switching, so that the response speed is slow, and the insulation resistance cannot be detected in real time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-voltage direct-current insulation detection system and a detection method, the unbalance of a bridge arm is realized by controlling the on-off states of two high-voltage optocouplers, namely a high-voltage optocoupler U1 and a high-voltage optocoupler U2 through a circuit, and the insulation condition of a high-voltage direct-current circuit is detected by reading the voltage values of AD1 and AD2 to form an equation so as to obtain a DC1+ ground insulation resistance value and a DC 1-ground insulation resistance value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the invention, a high-voltage direct-current insulation detection system is provided, which comprises two paths of insulation resistance detection circuits, wherein each path of insulation resistance detection circuit comprises a direct-current power supply positive electrode grounding fixed arm, a direct-current power supply positive electrode grounding movable arm, a direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding fixed arm, a direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding movable arm and a high-voltage optical coupler;
the direct-current power supply positive pole grounding fixed arm and the direct-current power supply positive pole grounding movable arm can be connected with the positive pole of a high-voltage direct-current bus to be detected respectively, and the direct-current power supply positive pole grounding fixed arm and the direct-current power supply positive pole grounding movable arm are connected to a high-voltage optical coupler U1 respectively and output through being connected with an analog-to-digital converter AD 1;
the direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding fixed arm and the direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding movable arm can be connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct-current bus to be detected respectively, and the direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding fixed arm and the direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding movable arm are connected to another high-voltage optical coupler U2 respectively and output through a connection analog-to-digital converter AD 2;
the switching on or off of the high-voltage optocoupler U1 and the high-voltage optocoupler U2 is controlled to enable the bridge arm of the detection circuit to be unbalanced, and the insulation resistance value R +, R-of the high-voltage direct-current bus to be detected is calculated by reading the voltage values of the analog-to-digital converter AD1 and the analog-to-digital converter AD 2.
Preferably, the detection circuit further comprises a relay RL1, and the relay RL1 is used for controlling the connection state of the detection circuit.
Preferably, the fixed arm with the positive electrode facing the ground of the dc power supply is composed of a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7 and an eighth resistor R8, the resistors are connected in series in sequence, wherein: one end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the relay RL 1; one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the seventh resistor R7, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U1; the analog-to-digital converter AD1 is connected between the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8.
Preferably, the active arm of the direct current power supply positive pole to ground is composed of a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10 and an eleventh resistor R11, which are connected in series in sequence, wherein: one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with one end of the tenth resistor R10, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with the relay RL1, and the other end of the relay RL1 is connected with the positive electrode of the high-voltage direct-current bus; one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with the other end of the tenth resistor R10, and the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U1.
Preferably, the fixed arm for grounding the negative electrode of the dc power supply is composed of a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17 and an eighteenth resistor R18, the resistors are connected in series in sequence, wherein: one end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected with a fourteenth resistor R14, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U2; one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the seventh resistor R7, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U1; one end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected with one end of the seventeenth resistor R17, and the other end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct-current bus; the analog-to-digital converter AD2 is connected between the thirteenth resistor R13 and the fourteenth resistor R14.
Preferably, the direct current power supply negative electrode-to-ground movable arm is composed of a nineteenth resistor R19, a twentieth resistor R20 and a twenty-first resistor R21, which are connected in series, wherein: one end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected with one end of the twentieth resistor R20, and the other end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct-current bus; one end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected with the other end of the twentieth resistor R20, and the other end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U2.
Preferably, the detection system further comprises a high-voltage optical coupler U3, the high-voltage optical coupler U3 is connected with the high-voltage optical coupler U1 and the high-voltage optical coupler U2, and the ground state of the detection circuit is controlled.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high voltage direct current insulation detection method, which is performed by using the above system, the method comprising:
s1, firstly closing a relay RL1, then controlling and conducting a high-voltage optocoupler U3, and finally controlling high-voltage output on a high-voltage direct-current bus so that the high-voltage direct-current bus can be output to an insulation resistance detection circuit;
s2, turning on a high-voltage optocoupler U1 in the insulation resistance detection circuit and simultaneously turning off the high-voltage optocoupler U2, reading a voltage value V1 output by an analog-to-digital converter AD1 of a bridge arm formed by a direct-current power supply positive electrode grounding fixed arm and a direct-current power supply positive electrode grounding movable arm, and reading a voltage value V2 output by an analog-to-digital converter AD2 of a bridge arm formed by a direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding fixed arm and a direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding movable arm;
s3, disconnecting the high-voltage optical coupler U1, simultaneously conducting the high-voltage optical coupler U2, reading a voltage value V3 output by the analog-to-digital converter AD1, and reading a voltage value V4 output by the analog-to-digital converter AD 2;
s4, calculating the insulation resistance R +, R-of the high-voltage direct-current bus through simultaneous voltage value V1, voltage value V2, voltage value V3 and voltage value V4.
Further, when the detected insulation resistance value R + and R-of the high-voltage direct-current bus is lower than a set safety value, the voltage drop current is immediately and automatically reduced, and a direct-current loop is cut off.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
the detection system and the detection method of the invention provide reliable insulation resistance detection for avoiding serious accidents, the insulation resistance can be detected in real time, and when the detected resistance value is lower than a safety value, the voltage drop current is immediately and automatically reduced, and a direct current loop is cut off, thereby avoiding accidents.
The detection system has small size and powerful function, can detect two paths of insulation resistors simultaneously, has quick response, can detect the insulation resistors in real time through quick change, can effectively detect the insulation resistors and distinguish multiple paths of faults.
The detection system and the detection method have the advantages of controllable lightning surge and leakage current and high safety level.
The detection system is convenient to install and use, easy to maintain and wide in application prospect in the field of new energy high-voltage direct-current charging and replacing.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, in the high-voltage direct-current insulation detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention, an unbalanced bridge arm structure is implemented by controlling independent conduction states of two optocouplers, and the insulation resistance value of a high-voltage direct-current bus is measured by an unbalanced bridge, so as to determine the insulation state of a high-voltage direct-current power supply.
Specifically, the high-voltage direct-current insulation system comprises an insulation resistance detection circuit which mainly comprises a relay, a high-voltage optical coupler, a chip resistor and the like. The insulation detection equipment simultaneously supports two paths of insulation resistance detection. Now, the first path of insulation resistance detection circuit DC1+, DC 1-shown in fig. 1 is exemplified, and the second path of insulation resistance detection circuit DC2+, DC 2-has the same structure as the first path of insulation resistance detection circuit, and the two paths of insulation detection circuits are independent from each other.
As shown in fig. 1, each insulation resistance detection circuit includes a dc power supply positive electrode grounding fixed arm, a dc power supply positive electrode grounding movable arm, a dc power supply negative electrode grounding fixed arm, a dc power supply negative electrode grounding movable arm, and a high-voltage optical coupler.
Specifically, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 form a DC1+ fixed arm facing the ground, i.e., a fixed arm facing the positive pole of the DC power supply. The ninth resistor R9, the tenth resistor R10 and the eleventh resistor R11 form a DC1+ movable arm to the ground, namely a movable arm of the positive pole of the DC power supply to the ground. The DC1+ fixed arm to ground and the DC1+ movable arm to ground are connected, the DC1+ movable arm to ground is controlled by a high-voltage optocoupler U1 to be connected or not, and a bridge arm formed by the DC1+ fixed arm to ground and the DC1+ movable arm to ground can output a measured voltage value through a connecting analog-to-digital converter AD 1. Specifically, in an embodiment, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, and the eighth resistor R8 are sequentially connected in series according to the serial numbers, where: one end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the fourth resistor R4, and the other end is connected with the relay RL 1; one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the seventh resistor R7, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U1; the analog-to-digital converter AD1 is connected between the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8.
The ninth resistor R9, the tenth resistor R10 and the eleventh resistor R11 are connected in series according to the sequence number, wherein: one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with one end of the tenth resistor R10, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with the relay RL1, and the other end of the relay RL1 is connected with the positive electrode of the high-voltage direct-current bus; one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with the other end of the tenth resistor R10, and the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U1.
The thirteenth resistor R13, the fourteenth resistor R14, the fifteenth resistor R15, the sixteenth resistor R16, the seventeenth resistor R17 and the eighteenth resistor R18 form a DC 1-fixed arm which is a fixed arm for fixing the negative pole of the DC power supply to the ground. The nineteenth resistor R19, the twentieth resistor R20 and the twenty-first resistor R21 form a DC 1-movable arm to the ground, namely a movable arm to the ground of the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply. The DC 1-earth fixed arm and the DC 1-earth movable arm are connected, and the DC-earth movable arm is controlled by a high-voltage optical coupler U2 to be connected or not. The bridge arm formed by the DC 1-fixed arm to ground and the DC 1-movable arm to ground can output the measured voltage value by connecting an analog-to-digital converter AD 2. In an embodiment, a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17 and an eighteenth resistor R18 are connected in series according to the serial numbers, wherein: one end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected with a fourteenth resistor R14, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U2; one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the seventh resistor R7, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U1; one end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected with one end of the seventeenth resistor R17, and the other end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct-current bus; the analog-to-digital converter AD2 is connected between the thirteenth resistor R13 and the fourteenth resistor R14.
The nineteenth resistor R19, the twentieth resistor R20 and the twenty-first resistor R21 are sequentially connected in series according to the sequence number, wherein: one end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected with one end of the twentieth resistor R20, and the other end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct-current bus; one end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected with the other end of the twentieth resistor R20, and the other end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U2.
One end of the high-voltage optocoupler U3 is connected between the reference ground of the insulating circuit and the ground to control the grounding state of the detection circuit, and as shown in the figure, the high-voltage optocoupler U3 controls the connection between GND2 and the ground. And a relay RL1 controls whether a bridge arm is connected between DC1+ and DC 1-.
The circuit realizes the unbalance of the bridge arm by controlling the on or off states of the high-voltage optocoupler U1 and the high-voltage optocoupler U2, and the equations are listed by reading the voltage values of AD1 and AD2, so that the DC1+ ground insulation resistance value and the DC 1-ground insulation resistance value are calculated. And the high-voltage optical coupler can greatly improve the response speed and realize the real-time detection of the insulation resistance.
In some embodiments, the AD1, AD2 may be ADC pins of the MCU.
The high-voltage optical coupler U1, the high-voltage optical coupler U2 and the high-voltage optical coupler U3 are all provided with 4 pins, for example, a high-voltage optical coupler ELM3083 can be adopted, the first pin of the high-voltage optical coupler is a control terminal anode, the second pin of the high-voltage optical coupler ELM is a control terminal cathode, and the third pin and the fourth pin of the high-voltage optical coupler ELM are terminal pins.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the high-voltage optical coupler U1 has 4 interfaces, wherein, a first pin is connected with one end of a twelfth resistor R12, and the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected with a 3.3V power supply; the second pin is connected to an MCU control pin K1 +; the third pin is connected between the reference ground GND 2; the fourth pin is connected with an eleventh resistor R11, and the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with a tenth resistor R10;
the high-voltage optocoupler U2 has 4 pins, wherein the first pin is connected with one end of a twenty-second resistor R22, and the other end of a twelfth resistor R22 is connected with a 3.3V power supply; the second pin is connected to an MCU control pin K1-; the third pin is connected between the reference ground GND 2; the fourth pin is connected with a twenty-first resistor R21, and the other end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected with a twentieth resistor R20;
the high-voltage optocoupler U3 has 4 pins, wherein the first pin is connected with one end of a twenty-third resistor R23, and the other end of the twenty-third resistor R23 is connected with a 3.3V power supply; a second pin is connected to K1, and the second pin is controlled by the MCU; the third pin is connected to the ground; the fourth pin is connected with the wire grounding end GND 2;
the relay RL1 can be implemented by, for example, a macro HF49FD005-1H11 relay, which has 4 pins, wherein the first pin is connected to a 5V power supply, the second pin is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1, the third pin is connected between the third resistor R3 and the ninth resistor R9, and the fourth pin is connected to the positive DC1 +. The first diode D1 and the relay RL1 are connected in parallel between the collector of the transistor Q1 and the 5V power supply, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the collector of the transistor Q1, and the cathode is connected with the 5V power supply. The emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the wire ground GND, the base is connected to one end of the first resistor R1, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the control input terminal DO1, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected between the first resistor R1 and the base of the transistor Q1, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the wire ground GND.
In another embodiment, the high-voltage direct-current insulation detection system is adopted for insulation detection, the unbalance of a bridge arm is realized by controlling two optocouplers U1 and U2, and equations are listed by reading voltage values of AD1 and AD2, so that the DC1+ ground insulation resistance value and the DC 1-ground insulation resistance value are obtained. The specific detection steps are as follows:
s1, firstly closing a relay RL1, then controlling and conducting a high-voltage optocoupler U3, and finally controlling high-voltage output on a high-voltage direct-current bus so that the high-voltage direct-current bus can be output to an insulation resistance detection circuit;
s2, turning on a high-voltage optocoupler U1 in the insulation resistance detection circuit and simultaneously turning off the high-voltage optocoupler U2, reading a voltage value V1 output by an analog-to-digital converter AD1 of a bridge arm formed by a direct-current power supply positive electrode grounding fixed arm and a direct-current power supply positive electrode grounding movable arm, and reading a voltage value V2 output by an analog-to-digital converter AD2 of a bridge arm formed by a direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding fixed arm and a direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding movable arm;
s3, disconnecting the high-voltage optical coupler U1, simultaneously conducting the high-voltage optical coupler U2, reading a voltage value V3 output by the analog-to-digital converter AD1 and a voltage value V4 output by the analog-to-digital converter AD 2;
s4, calculating the insulation resistance R +, R-of the high-voltage direct-current bus through simultaneous voltage value V1, voltage value V2, voltage value V3 and voltage value V4.
In this case, the resistance of DC1+ to ground insulation is R +, and the resistance of DC 1-to ground insulation is R-, which can be expressed as follows:
【R+//(R3+R4+R5+R6+R7+R8)//(R9+R10+R11)】÷【R-//(R13+R14+R15+R16+R17+R18)】＝V1÷V2①
【R+//(R3+R4+R5+R6+R7+R8)】÷【R-//(R13+R14+R15+R16+R17+R18)//(R19+R20+R21)】＝V3÷V4②
in the formula, R3 to R11 are resistance values of a third resistor R3 to an eleventh resistor R11, R13 to R21 are resistance values of a thirteenth resistor R13 to a twenty-first resistor R21, and the insulation resistance values R + and R-of the high-voltage direct-current bus can be obtained by a simultaneous formula ① and a formula ②.
And S5, when insulation detection is finished, stopping high-voltage output of the direct-current bus, and disconnecting the high-voltage optocoupler U3 and the relay RL1 after the voltage is reduced to a specified range.
The insulation resistance is measurable when the DC + voltage to ground and the DC-voltage to ground change at the same rate and in the same proportion through the unbalanced bridge. And insulation resistance is measurable in real time when the DC +, DC-voltage to ground changes rapidly.
The high-voltage direct-current insulation detection system in the embodiment of the invention can detect two paths of insulation resistors simultaneously and can test lightning surge and leakage current.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high voltage direct current insulation detection system is characterized in that: the detection system comprises two paths of insulation resistance detection circuits, wherein each path of insulation resistance detection circuit comprises a direct-current power supply positive electrode grounding fixed arm, a direct-current power supply positive electrode grounding movable arm, a direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding fixed arm, a direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding movable arm and a high-voltage optical coupler;
the direct-current power supply positive pole grounding fixed arm and the direct-current power supply positive pole grounding movable arm can be connected with the positive pole of a high-voltage direct-current bus to be detected respectively, and the direct-current power supply positive pole grounding fixed arm and the direct-current power supply positive pole grounding movable arm are connected to a high-voltage optical coupler U1 respectively and output through being connected with an analog-to-digital converter AD 1;
the direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding fixed arm and the direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding movable arm can be connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct-current bus to be detected respectively, and the direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding fixed arm and the direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding movable arm are connected to another high-voltage optical coupler U2 respectively and output through a connection analog-to-digital converter AD 2;
the bridge arm of the detection circuit is unbalanced by controlling the switching on or off of the high-voltage optocoupler U1 and the high-voltage optocoupler U2, and the insulation resistance value R +, R-of the high-voltage direct-current bus to be detected is calculated by reading the voltage values of the analog-to-digital converter AD1 and the analog-to-digital converter AD 2.
2. The high voltage direct current insulation detection system of claim 1, characterized in that: and the relay RL1 is further included, and the relay RL1 is used for controlling the connection state of the detection circuit.
3. The high voltage direct current insulation detection system of claim 2, wherein: the fixed arm of direct current power supply positive pole to ground comprises third resistance R3, fourth resistance R4, fifth resistance R5, sixth resistance R6, seventh resistance R7 and eighth resistance R8, and above-mentioned resistance connects in series in proper order, wherein: one end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the relay RL 1; one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the seventh resistor R7, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U1; the analog-to-digital converter AD1 is connected between the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8.
4. The high voltage direct current insulation detection system of claim 2, wherein: the direct current power supply positive pole is to earth movable arm by ninth resistance R9, tenth resistance R10 and eleventh resistance R11 constitute, connect in series between the above-mentioned resistance in proper order, wherein: one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with one end of the tenth resistor R10, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with the relay RL1, and the other end of the relay RL1 is connected with the positive electrode of the high-voltage direct-current bus; one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with the other end of the tenth resistor R10, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U1, and the direct-current power supply positive pole grounding movable arm is controlled by the high-voltage optocoupler U1 to be connected or not.
5. The high voltage direct current insulation detection system of claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed arm of the direct current power supply with the negative electrode grounded consists of a thirteenth resistor R13, a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventeenth resistor R17 and an eighteenth resistor R18, wherein the resistors are connected in series in sequence, and the fixed arm of the direct current power supply with the negative electrode grounded comprises: one end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected with a fourteenth resistor R14, and the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U2; one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the seventh resistor R7, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U1; one end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected with one end of the seventeenth resistor R17, and the other end of the eighteenth resistor R18 is connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct-current bus; the analog-to-digital converter AD2 is connected between the thirteenth resistor R13 and the fourteenth resistor R14.
6. The high voltage direct current insulation detection system of claim 1, characterized in that: the direct current power supply negative pole is to earth movable arm by nineteenth resistance R19, twentieth resistance R20 and twenty first resistance R21 and constitute, above-mentioned resistance is connected in series in proper order, wherein: one end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected with one end of the twentieth resistor R20, and the other end of the nineteenth resistor R19 is connected with the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct-current bus; one end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected with the other end of the twentieth resistor R20, the other end of the twenty-first resistor R21 is connected with the high-voltage optocoupler U2, and the negative pole of the direct-current power supply is controlled by the high-voltage optocoupler U2 to be connected or not.
7. The high voltage direct current insulation detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the detection system further comprises a high-voltage optical coupler U3, wherein the high-voltage optical coupler U3 is connected with the high-voltage optical coupler U1 and the high-voltage optical coupler U2, and the ground state of the detection circuit is controlled.
8. A high-voltage direct-current insulation detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: use of the high voltage direct current insulation detection system of any of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:
s1, firstly closing a relay RL1, then controlling and conducting a high-voltage optocoupler U3, and finally controlling high-voltage output on a high-voltage direct-current bus so that the high-voltage direct-current bus can be output to an insulation resistance detection circuit;
s2, turning on a high-voltage optocoupler U1 in the insulation resistance detection circuit and simultaneously turning off the high-voltage optocoupler U2, reading a voltage value V1 output by an analog-to-digital converter AD1 of a bridge arm formed by a direct-current power supply positive electrode grounding fixed arm and a direct-current power supply positive electrode grounding movable arm, and reading a voltage value V2 output by an analog-to-digital converter AD2 of a bridge arm formed by a direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding fixed arm and a direct-current power supply negative electrode grounding movable arm;
s3, disconnecting the high-voltage optical coupler U1, simultaneously conducting the high-voltage optical coupler U2, reading a voltage value V3 output by the analog-to-digital converter AD1, and reading a voltage value V4 output by the analog-to-digital converter AD 2;
s4, calculating the insulation resistance R +, R-of the high-voltage direct-current bus through simultaneous voltage value V1, voltage value V2, voltage value V3 and voltage value V4.
9. The high-voltage direct current insulation detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: further comprising:
and S5, when insulation detection is finished, stopping high-voltage output of the direct-current bus, and disconnecting the high-voltage optocoupler U3 and the relay RL1 after the voltage is reduced to a specified range.
10. The high-voltage direct current insulation detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: further comprising:
and when the detected insulation resistance value R + and R-of the high-voltage direct-current bus is lower than a set safety value, the voltage drop current is immediately and automatically reduced, and the direct-current loop is cut off.
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