CN110924249B

CN110924249B - Rail clearance rust cleaning device

Info

Publication number: CN110924249B
Application number: CN201911381165.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Zhang Lihua
Priority date: 2019-12-28
Filing date: 2019-12-28
Publication date: 2020-09-04
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-28
Also published as: GB202005516D0; CN110924249A

Abstract

The invention discloses a rail cleaning and rust removing device, which comprises a box body, wherein power cavities are symmetrically arranged in the box body from left to right, a transmission shaft is rotatably arranged between the two power cavities, a motor which is in power connection with the transmission shaft is arranged in the box body, a first bevel gear and a main belt wheel which are fixedly connected with the transmission shaft are arranged in the power cavity, a transmission cavity and a movable cavity with a downward opening and communicated with the transmission cavity are arranged in the front end wall of the power cavity, a rust removing mechanism with a lower end extending out of the box body is arranged in the transmission cavity, a first rotating shaft is arranged above the rear side of the transmission shaft, a planet wheel and a driven wheel which are fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft are arranged in the power cavity, the main belt wheel is connected with the auxiliary belt wheel through a belt in a transmission mode, a second rotating shaft is arranged on the rear side of the first rotating shaft, and a first gear fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft is arranged in the power cavity.

Description

Rail clearance rust cleaning device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of railways, in particular to a rail cleaning and rust removing device.

Background

Along with the increase of the service life of the track and factors such as urban pollution, building construction and the like, the grooves on the two sides of the track are full of a large amount of grease and other pollutants, so that the track is corroded, the safe operation of a train is seriously threatened, and the track needs to be cleaned and derusted regularly.

However, the existing railway track cleaning device has a slightly single function and an unsatisfactory cleaning effect.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical defects, the invention provides a rail cleaning and rust removing device, which comprises a box body, wherein power cavities are symmetrically arranged at the left and right sides in the box body, a transmission shaft is rotatably arranged between the two power cavities, a motor which is in power connection with the transmission shaft is arranged in the box body, a first bevel gear and a main belt wheel which are fixedly connected with the transmission shaft are arranged in the power cavities, a transmission cavity and a movable cavity which is provided with a downward opening and is communicated with the transmission cavity are arranged in the front end wall of each power cavity, a rust removing mechanism of which the lower end extends out of the box body is arranged in the transmission cavity, a first rotating shaft is arranged above the rear side of the transmission shaft, a planet gear and a driven belt wheel which are fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft are arranged in the power cavities, the main belt wheel and the driven belt wheel are in transmission connection through a belt, and a second rotating, a first gear fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft is arranged in the power cavity, the first gear and the planet gear are in meshing transmission through gears, a cleaning mechanism positioned at the lower end of the power cavity is arranged at the lower side of the first gear, the position of the first gear, which is far away from the circle center, is hinged with the upper end of an eccentric rod in the cleaning mechanism, connecting cavities communicated with the lower end of the power cavity are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side in the box body, a lower groove with a downward opening is arranged at the lower end of the connecting cavity, a connecting shaft is rotatably arranged between the connecting cavities and the lower groove, a second bevel gear which is meshed with the first bevel gear and is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft is arranged in the connecting cavity, a third bevel gear fixedly connected with the connecting shaft is arranged in the lower groove, a reciprocating cavity with a downward opening and communicated with the movable cavity is arranged in the middle of, the reciprocating cavity internally and slidably mounted with a rack rod, the transmission shaft runs through the reciprocating cavity, a transmission mechanism is arranged in the reciprocating cavity, the right end of the reciprocating cavity is provided with a clutch cavity communicated with the clutch cavity, the right end of the clutch cavity is provided with an upper groove with an upward opening, the upper groove is internally provided with a clutch mechanism of which the left end extends to the clutch cavity, a friction disc at the lower end of the clutch mechanism is slidably connected with the transmission shaft, four spring cavities are symmetrically arranged on the left and right end surfaces of the box body, and a cleaning device of which the lower end is positioned outside the box body is arranged in the spring cavity.

Further technical scheme, clean the mechanism including setting up eccentric rod in the power chamber, the articulated intermediate lever that is equipped with in eccentric rod middle part, the articulated connecting rod that is equipped with of eccentric rod lower extreme, the lower extreme of intermediate lever is provided with the rolling disc, the lower extreme of intermediate lever with the articulated transmission of right-hand member of rolling disc, the lower extreme of connecting rod is articulated the left end of rolling disc, the lower extreme fixedly connected with broom of rolling disc, the broom right side is provided with a fixed axle, the fixed axle both ends are fixed in on the end wall of power chamber, the rolling disc rotates to be connected on the fixed axle.

A further technical proposal is that the rust removing mechanism comprises a pulley arranged at the upper end of the movable cavity, a chain is arranged on the pulley, a lifting ring is arranged in the transmission cavity, the lower end of the chain is fixedly connected with the lifting ring, the upper end of the chain bypasses the pulley and is fixedly connected with a rack bar, a connecting ring is arranged at the lower side of the lifting ring, two rotatable second rotating shafts and a first rotating shaft are arranged in two rings of the connecting ring, a fixed rod extending into the movable cavity is arranged at the lower side of the connecting ring, a connecting spring with the lower end fixed on the front end wall of the movable cavity is arranged at one side of the connecting ring, the upper end of the connecting ring is fixedly connected with the lower end of the lifting ring, the upper end of the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft, the upper end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected with the second, the connecting block downside has a front side to extend the down tube of connecting block upper end wall, the connecting block rear side is provided with a dwang, the dwang left end has one to be fixed in third axis of rotation on the rear side wall of power chamber, the dwang right-hand member has one to be fixed in the fourth connecting rod of connecting block front end, the connecting block upper end with dead lever lower extreme fixed connection, the front side of connecting block with down tube fixed connection, the dwang right side with the connecting block rotates to be connected, the dwang left side with the third axis of rotation rotates to be connected.

According to the technical scheme, the rust removing mechanism further comprises a fourth connecting rod fixedly arranged at the lower end of the inclined rod and extending forwards and backwards, a first connecting rod is installed on the fourth connecting rod, the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected with a second connecting rod, the second connecting rod is fixedly connected with the first connecting rod, a third connecting rod is rotatably connected in the middle of the second connecting rod, the upper end of the middle of the third connecting rod is fixedly connected with the rack rod, a gravity block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the middle of the third connecting rod, the left end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected with a rotating bevel gear which can be meshed with a third bevel gear, and a rust removing piece is fixedly connected to the left end of the rotating bevel gear.

According to a further technical scheme, the cleaning device comprises a spring, the upper end of the spring is fixedly connected with the upper end of the spring cavity, the lower end of the spring is connected with an extension block, and a cleaning sheet is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the extension block.

A further technical scheme is that the transmission mechanism comprises a fourth rotating shaft and a fifth rotating shaft which are rotatably installed in the end wall of the left end of the reciprocating cavity and are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the transmission shaft, a third rotating shaft which is rotatably installed in the end wall of the left end of the reciprocating cavity is arranged on the upper side of the fourth rotating shaft, a right end of the third rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a positive sector gear and a second gear, a right end of the fourth rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a third gear, the second gear and the third gear are in meshing transmission, a reverse sector gear and a fourth gear which can be meshed with a rack bar are fixedly installed on the right end of the fifth rotating shaft, a rotating sleeve which is in rotating fit with the transmission shaft is installed in the end wall of the left end of the reciprocating cavity, the right end of the rotating sleeve extends into the reciprocating cavity and is fixedly provided with a transmission gear which is meshed with the third, the right end face of the transmission gear is provided with a friction plate.

A further technical scheme, clutching mechanism installs including rotating the separation and reunion axle in the wall before the upper groove, fixed mounting has to stretch out on the separation and reunion axle the clutch lever of upper groove, the clutch lever lower extreme is provided with the adjustment tank, the upper groove with separation and reunion chamber intercommunication is provided with the separation and reunion spout, slidable mounting has the promotion axle in the separation and reunion spout, slidable mounting in the separation and reunion intracavity have with promotion axle fixed connection's separation and reunion slide, separation and reunion slide lower extreme with transmission shaft normal running fit, it installs to go back spline fit on the transmission shaft and is located separation and reunion slide left side and can with the friction disc complex friction disc of drive gear right-hand member face, be provided with in the adjustment tank with promotion axle right-hand member fixed connection's movable rod, clutch lever upper end right side with install reset spring between the.

The beneficial effects are that: the device has complete functions, is convenient and fast to operate, does not need too many manual operations, realizes the integration of functions of derusting, cleaning, clearing and the like, can improve the efficiency of rail nursing while solving the problem of unsatisfactory clearing effect, saves manpower, and only needs to close the motor and push the clutch device to enable the transmission gear to start working when a derusting mechanism in the device needs to change the direction.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a rail cleaning and rust removing device of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of A-A in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of B-B in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at C in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-4, for convenience of description, the following orientations will now be defined: the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions described below correspond to the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions in the projection relationship of fig. 1 itself.

The invention relates to a rail cleaning and rust removing device, which comprises a box body 74, wherein power cavities 8 are symmetrically arranged in the box body 74 from left to right, a transmission shaft 3 is rotatably arranged between the two power cavities 8, a motor 2 in power connection with the transmission shaft 3 is arranged in the box body 74, a first bevel gear 5 and a main belt wheel 4 which are fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 3 are arranged in the power cavities 8, a transmission cavity 25 and a movable cavity with a downward opening and communicated with the transmission cavity 25 are arranged in the front end wall of the power cavity 8, a rust removing mechanism 27 of which the lower end extends out of the box body 74 is arranged in the transmission cavity 25, a first rotating shaft 72 is arranged above the rear side of the transmission shaft 3, a planet gear 18 and a secondary belt wheel 9 which are fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft 72 are arranged in the power cavity 8, and the main belt wheel 4 and the secondary belt wheel 9 are in transmission connection through a belt 19, a second rotating shaft 69 is arranged at the rear side of the first rotating shaft 72, a first gear 17 fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft 69 is arranged in the power cavity 8, the first gear 17 and the planet gear 18 are in meshing transmission through gears, a cleaning mechanism 15 positioned at the lower end of the power cavity 8 is arranged at the lower side of the first gear 17, the position, far away from the center of circle, of the first gear 17 is hinged with the upper end of an eccentric rod 22 in the cleaning mechanism 15, connecting cavities 10 communicated with the lower end of the power cavity 8 are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side in the box body 74, a lower groove 40 with a downward opening is arranged at the lower end of the connecting cavity 10, a connecting shaft 12 is rotatably arranged between the connecting cavity 10 and the lower groove 40, a second bevel gear 11 which is meshed with the first bevel gear 5 and is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft 12 is arranged in the connecting cavity 10, and a third bevel gear 13 fixedly connected with the connecting shaft 12 is arranged in the lower groove, the middle part of the box body 74 is provided with a reciprocating cavity 56 with a downward opening and communicated with the movable cavity, a rack rod 50 is arranged in the reciprocating cavity 56 in a sliding mode, the transmission shaft 3 penetrates through the reciprocating cavity 56, a transmission mechanism 66 is arranged in the reciprocating cavity 56, a communicated clutch cavity 57 is arranged at the right end of the reciprocating cavity 56, an upper groove 62 with an upward opening is arranged at the right end of the clutch cavity 57, a clutch mechanism 60 with the left end extending to the clutch cavity 57 is arranged in the upper groove 62, a friction disc 7 at the lower end of the clutch mechanism 60 is connected with the transmission shaft 3 in a sliding mode, four spring cavities 45 are symmetrically arranged on the lower end face of the box body 74 in a left-right mode, and a cleaning device 44 with the lower end located outside the box body 74 is arranged in.

Advantageously, the sweeping mechanism 15 comprises an eccentric rod 22 arranged in the power cavity 8, an intermediate rod 23 is hinged in the middle of the eccentric rod 22, a connecting rod 26 is hinged at the lower end of the eccentric rod 22, a rotating disc 16 is arranged at the lower end of the intermediate rod 23, the lower end of the intermediate rod 23 is in hinged transmission with the right end of the rotating disc 16, the lower end of the connecting rod 26 is hinged at the left end of the rotating disc 16, a broom 21 is fixedly connected at the lower end of the rotating disc 16, a fixed shaft 20 is arranged at the right side of the broom 21, two ends of the fixed shaft 20 are fixed on the end wall of the power cavity 8, and the rotating disc 16 is rotatably connected on the fixed shaft 20.

Beneficially, the rust removing mechanism 27 includes a pulley 37 mounted at the upper end of the movable cavity, a chain 36 is disposed on the pulley 37, a hanging ring 35 is disposed in the transmission cavity 25, the lower end of the chain 36 is fixedly connected with the hanging ring 35, the upper end of the chain 36 bypasses the pulley 37 and is fixedly connected to a rack bar 50, a connecting ring 32 is disposed at the lower side of the hanging ring 35, two rotatable second rotating shafts 34 and first rotating shafts 33 are disposed in two circular rings of the connecting ring 32, a fixing rod 31 extending into the movable cavity is disposed at the lower side of the connecting ring 32, a connecting spring 39 is disposed at one side of the connecting ring 32, the lower end of the connecting ring 32 is fixed on the front end wall of the movable cavity, the upper end of the connecting ring 32 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the hanging ring 35, the upper end of the fixing rod 31 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 33, and the upper, dead lever 31 lower extreme is provided with a connecting block 29, connecting block 29 downside has a front side to extend the down tube 28 of connecting block 29 upper end wall, connecting block 29 rear side is provided with a dwang 30, dwang 30 left end has one to be fixed in third axis of rotation 38 on the rear side wall of power chamber 8, dwang 30 right-hand member has one to be fixed in the fourth connecting rod 68 of connecting block 29 front end, connecting block 29 upper end with dead lever 31 lower extreme fixed connection, connecting block 29 the front side with down tube 28 fixed connection, dwang 30 right side with connecting block 29 rotates and connects, dwang 30 left side with third axis of rotation 38 rotates and connects.

The derusting mechanism 27 further comprises a fourth connecting rod 68 fixedly arranged at the lower end of the inclined rod 28 and extending forwards and backwards, the fourth connecting rod 68 is provided with a first connecting rod 46, the lower end of the fourth connecting rod 68 is rotatably connected with a second connecting rod 47, the second connecting rod 47 is fixedly connected with the first connecting rod 46, the middle of the second connecting rod 47 is rotatably connected with a third connecting rod 48, the upper end of the middle of the third connecting rod 48 is fixedly connected with the rack rod 50, the lower end of the middle of the third connecting rod 48 is provided with a fixedly connected gravity block 49, the left end of the first connecting rod 46 is rotatably connected with a rotating bevel gear 14 which can be meshed with a third bevel gear 13, and the left end of the rotating bevel gear 14 is fixedly connected with a derusting sheet 24.

Advantageously, the cleaning device 44 comprises a spring 42 disposed in the spring chamber 45 and having an upper end fixedly connected to the upper end of the spring chamber 45, an extension block 41 is connected to the lower end of the spring 42, and a cleaning sheet 43 is fixedly disposed on the lower end of the extension block 41.

Advantageously, the transmission mechanism 66 includes a fourth rotation shaft 71 and a fifth rotation shaft 73 rotatably mounted in the left end wall of the reciprocating chamber 56 and respectively on the upper side and the lower side of the transmission shaft 3, the upper side of the fourth rotation shaft 71 is provided with a third rotation shaft 70 rotatably mounted in the left end wall of the reciprocating chamber 56, the right end of the third rotation shaft 70 is fixedly connected with a positive sector gear 55 and a second gear 51, the right end of the fourth rotation shaft 71 is fixedly connected with a third gear 52, the second gear 51 and the third gear 52 are in meshing transmission, the right end of the fifth rotation shaft 73 is fixedly mounted with a reverse sector gear 54 and a fourth gear 53 which can be meshed with the rack bar 50, the left end wall of the reciprocating chamber 56 is rotatably mounted with a rotation sleeve 80 which is in rotating fit with the transmission shaft 3, the right end of the rotation sleeve 80 extends into the reciprocating chamber and is fixedly mounted with a transmission sleeve which is meshed with the third gear 52 and the fourth gear 53 and is penetrated by the transmission shaft 3 And a friction plate is arranged on the right end face of the gear 6.

Advantageously, the clutch mechanism comprises a clutch shaft 61 rotatably mounted in the front and rear walls of the upper groove 62, a clutch rod 63 extending out of the upper groove 62 is fixedly arranged on the clutch shaft 61, an adjusting groove 64 is arranged at the lower end of the clutch rod 63, the upper groove 62 is communicated with the clutch cavity 57 and is provided with a clutch sliding groove, a pushing shaft 59 is slidably arranged in the clutch sliding groove, a clutch sliding plate 58 fixedly connected with the pushing shaft 59 is arranged in the clutch cavity 57 in a sliding way, the lower end of the clutch sliding plate 58 is in running fit with the transmission shaft 3, the transmission shaft 3 is also provided with a friction disc 7 which is positioned at the left side of the clutch sliding plate 58 and can be matched with a friction plate at the right end surface of the transmission gear 6 in a spline fit way, a movable rod 65 fixedly connected with the right end of the pushing shaft 59 is arranged in the adjusting groove 64, and a return spring is arranged between the right side of the upper end of the clutch rod 63 and the right end wall of the upper groove 62.

In the initial state, the return spring is in a normal telescopic state, the clutch mechanism 60 does not work, the right end of the pushing shaft 59 is positioned at the lower end of the adjusting groove 64, and the friction disc 7 is not matched with the transmission gear 6 to realize transmission;

the spring 42 and the connecting spring 39 are in a normal telescopic state, and the third link 48 and the rack bar 50 are at the lowermost side.

At the beginning of the operation,

1. the motor 2 starts to work to drive the transmission shaft 3 to rotate, the friction disc 7 is not matched with the transmission gear 6, so the transmission gear 6 does not rotate, the transmission shaft 3 rotates to drive the first bevel gear 5 and the main belt wheel 4 to rotate, the main belt wheel 4 drives the planet wheel 18 to rotate through the belt 19, the planet wheel 18 enables the first gear 17 to rotate through meshing transmission, the rotation of the first gear 17 can enable the eccentric rod 22 to rotate up and down, the eccentric rod 22 moves to enable the cleaning mechanism 15 to act, and therefore the broom 21 can swing left and right to achieve a cleaning function;

the first bevel gear 5 rotates to drive the second bevel gear 11 to rotate, the second bevel gear 11 transmits the motion to the third bevel gear 13 through the connecting shaft 12, the third bevel gear 13 enables the rotating bevel gear 14 to start rotating through meshing transmission, and the rotating bevel gear 14 rotates to drive the rust removing sheet 24 to start moving, so that the rust removing function is realized; the cleaning sheets 43 move downwards so as to wrap the sides of the rail, the upper ends of the cleaning sheets are connected with the extension blocks 41, the upper ends of the extension blocks 41 are connected with the springs 42, and the springs 42 are stretched to realize the final cleaning function.

2. When the direction of the rust removing sheet 24 needs to be switched, the clutch rod 63 is manually controlled to rotate rightwards around the clutch shaft 61, so that the movable rod 65 slides upwards in the adjusting groove 64, the pushing shaft 59 is pushed to move leftwards, the clutch sliding plate 58 also drives the pushing shaft 59 to move leftwards, and the friction disc 7 is pushed to be matched with the transmission gear 6 leftwards, so that the transmission gear 6 rotates, the transmission gear 6 rotates to drive the third gear 52 and the fourth gear 53 to rotate in opposite directions, the third gear 52 drives the second gear 51 to rotate, the rotation of the second gear 51 and the fourth gear 53 respectively drives the forward sector gear 55 and the reverse sector gear 54 to rotate, the forward sector gear 55 rotates to be meshed with the rack rod 50, the rack rod 50 is driven to move upwards through transmission, when the rack rod 50 moves to the uppermost end, the reverse sector gear 54 just rotates to be meshed with the rack rod 50, so as to drive the rack rod 50 to move downwards, the rack bar 50 is circularly moved up and down, when the rack bar 50 is moved up, the third link 48 is driven to move up, when the rack bar 50 is moved to a certain height, the third link 48 drives the second link 47 to move up, so that the first link 46 is rotated, when the rack bar 50 is moved up to a certain position, the chain 36 drives the hanging ring 35 to move up, the hanging ring 35 moves up, the first rotating shaft 33 and the second rotating shaft 34 also move up, so that the connecting spring 39 is in a stretching state and is driven to move up, the fixed rod 31 is driven to move, the fixed rod 31 drives the rotating rod 30 to move, the rotating rod 30 moves up to drive the connecting block 29 and the inclined rod 28 to move up, at the same time, the fourth link 68 also moves up and drives the first link 46 and the second link 47 to move up, and then the rust removing sheet 24 and the rotating bevel gear 14 also move up, when the connecting block 29 moves upwards, the rotating rod 30 drives the connecting block 29 to move leftwards, then the inclined rod 28, the fourth connecting rod 68, the rust removing sheet 24, the rotating bevel gear 14, the first connecting rod 46 and the second connecting rod 47 also move leftwards, and then the rotating bevel gear 14 moves leftwards and upwards and is meshed with the third bevel gear 13 for transmission, so that the rust removing sheet 24 can continue to perform the rust removing task.

When the rotation of the rust removing sheet 24 is not needed, the clutch rod 63 is manually shifted to rotate leftwards around the clutch shaft 61, so that the movable rod 65 slides downwards in the adjusting groove 64, the pushing shaft 59 is driven to move rightwards, the pushing shaft 59 drives the clutch sliding plate 58 to move rightwards, the clutch sliding plate 58 drives the connecting rod 7 to be separated from the connecting rod 6, the transmission mechanism 66 stops working, and the gravity block 49 drives the third connecting rod 48 and the rack rod to return downwards to the initial state.

The above description is only an embodiment of the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a rail clearance rust cleaning device, includes the box, the inside bilateral symmetry of box is provided with power chamber, its characterized in that: a transmission shaft is rotatably arranged between the two power cavities, a motor in power connection with the transmission shaft is arranged in the box body, a first bevel gear and a main belt wheel which are fixedly connected with the transmission shaft are arranged in the power cavities, a transmission cavity and a movable cavity with a downward opening and communicated with the transmission cavity are arranged in the front end wall of each power cavity, a derusting mechanism with a lower end extending out of the box body is arranged in each transmission cavity, a first rotating shaft is arranged above the rear side of the transmission shaft, a planet wheel and a secondary belt wheel which are fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft are arranged in each power cavity, the main belt wheel and the secondary belt wheel are in transmission connection through a belt, a second rotating shaft is arranged on the rear side of the first rotating shaft, a first gear fixedly connected with the second rotating shaft is arranged in each power cavity, and the first gear and the planet wheel are in meshing transmission through gears, a cleaning mechanism positioned at the lower end of the power cavity is arranged at the lower side of the first gear, the position of the first gear, which is far away from the center of the circle, is hinged with the upper end of an eccentric rod in the cleaning mechanism, connecting cavities communicated with the lower end of the power cavity are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side in the box body, a lower groove with a downward opening is arranged at the lower end of the connecting cavity, a connecting shaft is rotatably arranged between the connecting cavities and the lower groove, a second bevel gear which is meshed with the first bevel gear and is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft is arranged in the connecting cavity, a third bevel gear fixedly connected with the connecting shaft is arranged in the lower groove, a reciprocating cavity with a downward opening and is communicated with the movable cavity is arranged in the middle of the box body, a rack rod is slidably arranged in the reciprocating cavity, the transmission shaft penetrates through the reciprocating cavity, a transmission mechanism is arranged in the reciprocating cavity, and a communicated clutch, the clutch device is characterized in that an upper groove with an upward opening is formed in the right end of the clutch cavity, a clutch mechanism with the left end extending to the clutch cavity is arranged in the upper groove, a friction disc at the lower end of the clutch mechanism is connected with the transmission shaft in a sliding mode, four spring cavities are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower end face of the box body, and a cleaning device with the lower end located outside the box body is arranged in each spring cavity.

2. A rail cleaning and rust removing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sweeping mechanism comprises an eccentric rod arranged in a power cavity, the middle of the eccentric rod is hinged to a middle rod, the lower end of the eccentric rod is hinged to a connecting rod, the lower end of the middle rod is provided with a rotating disc, the lower end of the middle rod is hinged to the right end of the rotating disc in transmission, the lower end of the connecting rod is hinged to the left end of the rotating disc, the lower end of the rotating disc is fixedly connected with a broom, the right side of the broom is provided with a fixed shaft, the two ends of the fixed shaft are fixed to the end wall of the power cavity, and the rotating disc is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft.

3. A rail cleaning and rust removing apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the derusting mechanism comprises a pulley arranged at the upper end of the movable cavity, a chain is arranged on the pulley, a lifting ring is arranged in the transmission cavity, the lower end of the chain is fixedly connected with the lifting ring, the upper end of the chain bypasses the pulley and is fixedly connected to the rack bar, a connecting ring is arranged at the lower side of the lifting ring, two rotatable second rotating shafts and a first rotating shaft are arranged in two rings of the connecting ring, a fixing rod extending into the movable cavity is arranged at the lower side of the connecting ring, a connecting spring with the lower end fixed on the front end wall of the movable cavity is arranged at one side of the connecting ring, the upper end of the connecting ring is fixedly connected with the lower end of the lifting ring, the upper end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, the upper end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the, the connecting block downside has a front side to extend the down tube of connecting block upper end wall, the connecting block rear side is provided with a dwang, the dwang left end has one to be fixed in third axis of rotation on the rear side wall of power chamber, the dwang right-hand member has one to be fixed in the fourth connecting rod of connecting block front end, the connecting block upper end with dead lever lower extreme fixed connection, the front side of connecting block with down tube fixed connection, the dwang right side with the connecting block rotates to be connected, the dwang left side with the third axis of rotation rotates to be connected.

4. A rail cleaning and rust removing apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the rust removing mechanism further comprises a fourth connecting rod fixedly arranged at the lower end of the inclined rod and extending forwards and backwards, a first connecting rod is installed on the fourth connecting rod, the lower end of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected with a second connecting rod, the second connecting rod is fixedly connected with the first connecting rod, a third connecting rod is rotatably connected in the middle of the second connecting rod, the upper end of the middle of the third connecting rod is fixedly connected with the rack rod, a gravity block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the middle of the third connecting rod, a rotating bevel gear capable of being meshed with the third bevel gear is rotatably connected to the left end of the first connecting rod, and a rust removing sheet is fixedly connected to the left end of the rotating bevel gear.

5. A rail cleaning and rust removing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: cleaning device is including setting up spring intracavity and upper end with spring chamber upper end fixed connection's spring, the spring lower extreme is connected with one and extends the piece, it is fixed to be provided with the clearance piece to extend a lower extreme.

6. A rail cleaning and rust removing apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the transmission mechanism comprises a fourth rotating shaft and a fifth rotating shaft which are rotatably installed in the end wall of the left end of the reciprocating cavity and are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the transmission shaft, a third rotating shaft which is rotatably installed in the end wall of the left end of the reciprocating cavity is arranged on the upper side of the fourth rotating shaft, a positive sector gear and a second gear are fixedly connected to the right end of the third rotating shaft, a third gear is fixedly connected to the right end of the fourth rotating shaft, the second gear and the third gear are in meshing transmission, a reverse sector gear and a fourth gear which can be meshed with a rack bar are fixedly installed at the right end of the fifth rotating shaft, a rotating sleeve which is in rotating fit with the transmission shaft is rotatably installed in the end wall of the reciprocating cavity, and a transmission gear which is meshed with the third gear and the fourth gear and is penetrated through by the transmission shaft is fixedly installed at the right, the right end face of the transmission gear is provided with a friction plate.

7. A rail cleaning and rust removing apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein: clutch mechanism installs including rotating the separation and reunion axle in the wall before the upper groove, fixed mounting has to stretch out on the separation and reunion axle the clutch lever in upper groove, the clutch lever lower extreme is provided with the adjustment tank, the upper groove with separation and reunion chamber intercommunication is provided with the separation and reunion spout, slidable mounting has the catch axle in the separation and reunion spout, sliding mounting in the separation and reunion intracavity have with catch axle fixed connection's separation and reunion slide, separation and reunion slide lower extreme with transmission shaft normal running fit, it installs to go back spline fit on the transmission shaft to be located separation and reunion slide left side and can with the friction disc complex friction disc of drive gear right-hand member face, be provided with in the adjustment tank with catch axle right-hand member fixed connection's movable rod, catch lever upper end right side with install reset spring between the.