CN110922680A - Basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110922680A CN110922680A CN201911118715.6A CN201911118715A CN110922680A CN 110922680 A CN110922680 A CN 110922680A CN 201911118715 A CN201911118715 A CN 201911118715A CN 110922680 A CN110922680 A CN 110922680A
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- polypropylene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08J2323/14—Copolymers of propene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2453/00—Characterised by the use of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/004—Additives being defined by their length
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0083—Nucleating agents promoting the crystallisation of the polymer matrix
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/10—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
Abstract
The invention discloses a basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material which comprises, by weight, 50-85 parts of non-copolymerized polypropylene, 10-30 parts of chopped basalt fiber, 5-20 parts of block copolymerized polypropylene, 25-40 parts of β nucleating agent TMB-5, 35-55 parts of toluene, 25-30 parts of sodium hydroxide and 70-95 parts of distilled water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polypropylene-based composite material preparation, in particular to a basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The polypropylene has excellent comprehensive performance, is called three general-purpose polymers with polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride, and is widely applied to the fields of automobile interior and exterior decorations, household appliance shells, building pipelines and the like, but compared with engineering plastics and impact-resistant plastics, the ultimate tensile strength and impact toughness of the polypropylene still need to be improved, and particularly in the fields of automobiles, unmanned aerial vehicles and the like, the defects of low tensile strength and brittleness of the polypropylene greatly limit the application of the polypropylene.
Therefore, it is difficult to substantially improve the tensile strength and impact toughness of polypropylene at the same time, and it is urgently needed to find new methods and new processes to meet the increasingly severe use environment of polypropylene materials. The modulus and tensile strength of the basalt fiber are obviously superior to those of glass fiber, but the basalt fiber has inert surface and is difficult to modify, and a new method needs to be found for introducing the basalt fiber into a polypropylene-based composite material to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material and the preparation method thereof, which have the advantages of improving the tensile strength and the impact toughness of the polypropylene-based composite material and the like, and solve the problems in the background art.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 50-85 parts of non-copolymerized polypropylene, 10-30 parts of chopped basalt fiber, 5-20 parts of block copolymerized polypropylene, 25-40 parts of β nucleating agent TMB-5, 35-55 parts of toluene, 25-30 parts of sodium hydroxide and 70-95 parts of distilled water.
Preferably, the chopped basalt fibers have a length of 3 to 12 mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an etching solution by using distilled water and sodium hydroxide, wherein the etching solution is used for etching basalt fibers to roughen the surfaces of the basalt fibers, the pH value of the etching solution is 11-13, the etching time is 24-48 hours, after etching is finished, the basalt fibers are washed by using distilled water and soaked to be neutral, and the basalt fibers are dried by using a blast oven for 12 hours;
s2, dissolving β of a nucleating agent TMB-5 in a toluene solvent, adding the nucleating agent TMB-5 accounting for 2-5% of the total mass of the solution, and stirring during the dissolving;
s3, putting the etched chopped basalt fiber into a toluene solution in which β nucleating agent TMB-5 is dissolved, stirring at a constant speed for 2-4 hours, then filtering, and drying in a vacuum oven at 120 ℃ for 12 hours;
s4, melting and blending the basalt chopped fibers prepared in the third step, the block copolymer polypropylene and the non-return copolymer polypropylene by a co-rotating double-screw extruder, wherein the mass fraction ratio of the basalt chopped fibers is 10-30%, the block copolymer polypropylene is 5-20%, the non-return copolymer polypropylene is 50-85%, the total amount is 100% under different formula conditions, and the extrusion temperature of the extruder (from feeding to a neck mold) is 120,180,190,200,210,210,215 ℃.
S5, blending, extruding and then cutting into granules to obtain the required product;
s6, performing a performance test by adopting a pressing plate for sample preparation, wherein the pressing plate temperature is 180-200 ℃, and the nucleating agent on the surface of the fiber is prevented from being dissolved and migrated; the thickness of the pressboard is 2mm in tension and 4mm in impact according to national Standard (GB) of GB/T13525-.
Preferably, the drying temperature of the air-blast oven in the S1 is 80-110 ℃.
Preferably, the dissolution temperature in S2 is 60 ℃.
Preferably, the screw rotating speed of the extruder in S4 is 150-230 rpm, and the feeding speed is 10-20 rpm.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material and the preparation method thereof, and the basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material has the following beneficial effects:
the basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material and the preparation method thereof realize surface roughening of basalt fibers through sodium hydroxide solution etching, facilitate the adhesion of dissolved and dispersed β nucleating agent on the fiber surface, utilize the nucleating agent adhered on the basalt fiber surface to induce the formation of β type polypropylene interface crystals on the basalt fiber surface, enhance the interface combination of the fibers and a matrix, simultaneously introduce β crystals into the matrix to further improve the matrix toughness, add a small amount of block copolymerization polypropylene into random copolymerization polypropylene to improve the crystallinity of the interface crystals and the random copolymerization polypropylene matrix, and under the combined action of the basalt fibers and crystallization promoters (the block copolymerization polypropylene and the β nucleating agent), the random copolymerization polypropylene not only retains the original elastic phase but also improves the crystallinity, and also introduces β crystal toughening phase and second phase reinforcing phase, thereby realizing the improvement of tensile strength and impact toughness, and promoting the application of the basalt fibers.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1:
the invention provides a basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material, which comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 50-85 parts of non-copolymerized polypropylene, 10-30 parts of chopped basalt fiber, 5-20 parts of block copolymerized polypropylene, 25-40 parts of β nucleating agent TMB-5, 35-55 parts of toluene, 25-30 parts of sodium hydroxide and 70-95 parts of distilled water.
Specifically, the length of the chopped basalt fiber is 3-12 mm.
A preparation method of a basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an etching solution by using distilled water and sodium hydroxide, etching the basalt fiber to roughen the surface of the basalt fiber, wherein the pH value of the etching solution is 13, the etching time is 24 hours, washing the basalt fiber with distilled water after etching is finished, soaking the basalt fiber to be neutral, and drying the basalt fiber in a blast oven at the temperature of 80-110 ℃ for 12 hours;
s2, dissolving β of a nucleating agent TMB-5 in a toluene solvent, adding the nucleating agent TMB-5 accounting for 3 percent of the total mass of the solution, wherein the dissolving temperature is 60 ℃, and stirring is needed in the process;
s3, putting the etched chopped basalt fiber into a toluene solution in which β nucleating agent TMB-5 is dissolved, stirring at a constant speed for 4 hours, then filtering, and drying in a vacuum oven at 120 ℃ for 12 hours;
s4, carrying out melt blending on the basalt chopped fibers, the block copolymer polypropylene and the non-return copolymer polypropylene prepared in the third step by a co-rotating double-screw extruder, wherein the mass fraction ratio of the basalt chopped fibers, the block copolymer polypropylene and the non-return copolymer polypropylene is 25%, the total amount of the basalt chopped fibers, the block copolymer polypropylene and the non-return copolymer polypropylene is 10%, the total amount of the basalt chopped fibers, the block copolymer polypropylene and the non-return copolymer polypropylene is 65%, and the extrusion temperature of the extruder (from a feeding port die to a port die) is 120,180,190,200,210,210,215 ℃; the rotating speed of the screw of the extruder is 150-230 rpm, and the feeding speed is 10-20 rpm.
S5, blending, extruding and then cutting into granules to obtain the required product;
s6, performing a performance test by adopting a pressing plate for sample preparation, wherein the pressing plate temperature is 200 ℃, and the dissolution and migration of the nucleating agent on the surface of the fiber are prevented; the thickness of the pressing plate is according to GB/T13525-2。
Example 2:
the invention provides a basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material, which comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 50-85 parts of non-copolymerized polypropylene, 10-30 parts of chopped basalt fiber, 5-20 parts of block copolymerized polypropylene, 25-40 parts of β nucleating agent TMB-5, 35-55 parts of toluene, 25-30 parts of sodium hydroxide and 70-95 parts of distilled water.
Specifically, the length of the chopped basalt fiber is 3-12 mm.
A preparation method of a basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an etching solution by using distilled water and sodium hydroxide, wherein the etching solution is used for etching basalt fibers to roughen the surfaces of the basalt fibers, the pH value of the etching solution is 11, the etching time is 48 hours, the basalt fibers are washed by distilled water after etching is finished and soaked to be neutral, and the basalt fibers are dried by a blast oven at the temperature of 80-110 ℃ for 12 hours;
s2, dissolving β of a nucleating agent TMB-5 in a toluene solvent, adding the nucleating agent TMB-5 accounting for 2% of the total mass of the solution, wherein the dissolving temperature is 60 ℃, and stirring is needed in the process;
s3, putting the etched chopped basalt fiber into a toluene solution in which β nucleating agent TMB-5 is dissolved, stirring at a constant speed for 2 hours, then filtering, and drying in a vacuum oven at 120 ℃ for 12 hours;
s4, melting and blending the basalt chopped fibers, the block copolymer polypropylene and the non-return copolymer polypropylene prepared in the third step by a co-rotating double-screw extruder, wherein the mass fraction ratio of the basalt chopped fibers is 10%, the mass fraction ratio of the block copolymer polypropylene is 5%, the mass fraction ratio of the non-return copolymer polypropylene is 50%, the total amount of the basalt chopped fibers is 100% under different formula conditions, and the extrusion temperature of the extruder (from feeding to a neck mold) is 120,180,190,200,210,210,215 ℃; the rotating speed of the screw of the extruder is 150-230 rpm, and the feeding speed is 10-20 rpm.
S5, blending, extruding and then cutting into granules to obtain the required product;
s6, performing a performance test by adopting a pressing plate for sample preparation, wherein the pressing plate temperature is 200 ℃, and the dissolution and migration of the nucleating agent on the surface of the fiber are prevented; the thickness of the pressing plate is according to GB/T13525-2。
Example 3:
the invention provides a basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material, which comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 50-85 parts of non-copolymerized polypropylene, 10-30 parts of chopped basalt fiber, 5-20 parts of block copolymerized polypropylene, 25-40 parts of β nucleating agent TMB-5, 35-55 parts of toluene, 25-30 parts of sodium hydroxide and 70-95 parts of distilled water.
Specifically, the length of the chopped basalt fiber is 3-12 mm.
A preparation method of a basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an etching solution by using distilled water and sodium hydroxide, etching the basalt fiber to roughen the surface of the basalt fiber, wherein the pH value of the etching solution is 12, the etching time is 36 hours, washing the basalt fiber with distilled water after etching is finished, soaking the basalt fiber into neutral water, and drying the basalt fiber in a blast oven at the temperature of 80-110 ℃ for 12 hours;
s2, dissolving β of a nucleating agent TMB-5 in a toluene solvent, adding the nucleating agent TMB-5 accounting for 5% of the total mass of the solution, wherein the dissolving temperature is 60 ℃, and stirring is needed in the process;
s3, putting the etched chopped basalt fiber into a toluene solution in which β nucleating agent TMB-5 is dissolved, stirring at a constant speed for 3 hours, then filtering, and drying in a vacuum oven at 120 ℃ for 12 hours;
s4, melting and blending the basalt chopped fibers, the block copolymer polypropylene and the non-return copolymer polypropylene prepared in the third step by a co-rotating double-screw extruder, wherein the mass fraction ratio of the basalt chopped fibers is 30%, the mass fraction ratio of the block copolymer polypropylene is 20%, the mass fraction ratio of the non-return copolymer polypropylene is 85%, the total amount of the basalt chopped fibers is 100% under different formula conditions, and the extrusion temperature of the extruder (from feeding to a neck mold) is 120,180,190,200,210,210,215 ℃; the rotating speed of the screw of the extruder is 150-230 rpm, and the feeding speed is 10-20 rpm.
S5, blending, extruding and then cutting into granules to obtain the required product;
s6, performing a performance test by adopting a pressing plate for sample preparation, wherein the pressing plate temperature is 200 ℃, and the dissolution and migration of the nucleating agent on the surface of the fiber are prevented; the thickness of the pressing plate is according to GB/T13525-2。
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material is characterized by comprising, by weight, 50-85 parts of non-copolymerized polypropylene, 10-30 parts of chopped basalt fiber, 5-20 parts of block copolymerized polypropylene, 25-40 parts of β nucleating agent TMB-5, 35-55 parts of toluene, 25-30 parts of sodium hydroxide and 70-95 parts of distilled water.
2. The basalt fiber-reinforced toughened polypropylene-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chopped basalt fiber has a length of 3 to 12 mm.
3. The preparation method of the basalt fiber reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing an etching solution by using distilled water and sodium hydroxide, wherein the etching solution is used for etching basalt fibers to roughen the surfaces of the basalt fibers, the pH value of the etching solution is 11-13, the etching time is 24-48 hours, after etching is finished, the basalt fibers are washed by using distilled water and soaked to be neutral, and the basalt fibers are dried by using a blast oven for 12 hours;
s2, dissolving β of a nucleating agent TMB-5 in a toluene solvent, adding the nucleating agent TMB-5 accounting for 2-5% of the total mass of the solution, and stirring during the dissolving;
s3, putting the etched chopped basalt fiber into a toluene solution in which β nucleating agent TMB-5 is dissolved, stirring at a constant speed for 2-4 hours, then filtering, and drying in a vacuum oven at 120 ℃ for 12 hours;
s4, melting and blending the basalt chopped fibers prepared in the third step, the block copolymer polypropylene and the non-return copolymer polypropylene by a co-rotating double-screw extruder, wherein the mass fraction ratio of the basalt chopped fibers is 10-30%, the block copolymer polypropylene is 5-20%, the non-return copolymer polypropylene is 50-85%, the total amount is 100% under different formula conditions, and the extrusion temperature of the extruder (from feeding to a neck mold) is 120,180,190,200,210,210,215 ℃;
s5, blending, extruding and then cutting into granules to obtain the required product;
s6, performing a performance test by adopting a pressing plate for sample preparation, wherein the pressing plate temperature is 180-200 ℃, and the nucleating agent on the surface of the fiber is prevented from being dissolved and migrated; the thickness of the pressboard is 2mm in tension and 4mm in impact according to national Standard (GB) of GB/T13525-.
4. The basalt fiber-reinforced toughened polypropylene-based composite material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the drying temperature of the air-blowing oven in S1 is 80-110 ℃.
5. The basalt fiber-reinforced toughened polypropylene-based composite material according to claim 3, wherein the dissolution temperature in S2 is 60 ℃.
6. The basalt fiber-reinforced and toughened polypropylene-based composite material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the screw speed of the extruder in S4 is 150-230 rpm, and the feeding speed is 10-20 rpm.
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| CN111995849A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-27 | 九牧厨卫股份有限公司 | Unsaturated polyester foaming composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112029202A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-04 | 福建省高品科技管材有限公司 | High-impact random copolymerization polypropylene pipe and preparation method thereof |
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