CN110921342A

CN110921342A - Automatic container port and construction and installation method

Info

Publication number: CN110921342A
Application number: CN201911289738.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王静波
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-16
Filing date: 2019-12-16
Publication date: 2020-03-27

Abstract

An automatic container port relates to the design of an automatic container port, in particular to a structure design and construction installation method of the automatic container port. The wharf is provided with a ship loading and unloading machine and a wharf conveyer belt; the port yard comprises a stockpiling area, a yard loading and unloading machine, a yard feeding conveyer belt and a yard conveying conveyer belt, wherein the stockpiling area is formed by combining a plurality of stockpiling bins, the stockpiling bins are connected with the yard conveying conveyer belt, the yard conveying conveyer belt is connected with a yard discharging conveyer belt through the yard feeding conveyer belt, and the yard discharging conveyer belt is connected with the loading and unloading conveyer belt; the side wall of the stacking bin is provided with a field bridge track, and two field bridge tracks of the stacking bin are provided with a field loading and unloading machine. The conveyer belt is non-rigid combination connection, and the whole conveyer belt is dismantled conveniently, and the maintenance of being convenient for is changed. Except for a mechanical power device for variable frequency speed regulation, the device has no complicated mechanical and electrical mechanism, has low overall cost, and is more energy-saving, more environment-friendly, safer and more reliable than a vehicle transportation mode.

Description

Automatic container port and construction and installation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a design of an automatic container port, in particular to a structure design and construction installation method of the automatic container port.

Background

The container is a standardized transport means, and various objects are collected in a container with a standard size, so that the container can be quickly loaded and unloaded in the multimodal transportation. The container port is a special place for loading, unloading and storing containers by changing transportation means when the containers are transferred from land transportation to water transportation or from water transportation to land transportation.

The container port is formed by combining a port yard and a loading and unloading ship wharf, the wharf is connected with the yard through a special vehicle channel, the container wharf mostly adopts a single-side berthing loading and unloading mode of a ship along the shore, and the wharf loading and unloading are also completed by a cantilever type container bridge crane.

At present, the arrangement form of a port yard has two forms, and one half of the common container terminal yard adopts a parallel shoreline arrangement form, namely a shore-following type. The half of the storage yard of the automatic container terminal is arranged in a mode of being vertical to a shoreline, namely, the vertical type. The adopted storage yard equipment adopts a reach stacker and a steamship stacker in a common container wharf storage yard; the rail crane which can accurately select the position and is easy to realize automatic operation is adopted in the automatic wharf storage yard. The yard is formed by leveling or filling sea to make land in the land area behind the wharf, and the elevation of the yard is the same as or similar to the working surface of the wharf.

Intensive box transportation between a dock working face and a storage yard is realized, a common container truck is adopted in a common container port, and an automatic guided vehicle AGV or a straddle carrier is adopted in an automatic container dock. The stack height of the yard is mostly five levels, i.e. five levels. Although the stacking height of the empty boxes can exceed 5 boxes, the stacking height of the empty boxes is limited by the height of the field bridge and influenced by special meteorological conditions, so that some safety problems exist and the stacking height of the empty boxes cannot be too high.

The problem of difficult efficiency improvement also exists in the container port yard, and the common problem exists in the conventional container port yard, no matter the container yard is arranged along the shore or vertically, and the yard of the common container terminal and the yard of the full-automatic container terminal. One is that the number of containers that a bridge can cover is limited, which is determined by two factors, one is the height of the stack and the second is the span of the bridge. The number of containers which can be covered in a unit distance of the movement of the field bridge affects the construction area of a port yard, the allocation number of the field bridge, the stacking loading and unloading efficiency of the containers, and the allocation number and the operation efficiency of container transport vehicles. And secondly, the traffic space of a container yard relates to two types, one is the space occupied by the walking of a bridge, the other is the space occupied by the traffic road of the container transportation and the vehicle, the higher the density of the road network is, the higher the running efficiency of the vehicle is, and the quantity of the required equipment is relatively less. The area of the storage yard is constant, and the matching proportion of the traffic space and the effective storage space is determined by balancing and dividing the investment of the storage yard with the operation efficiency and the operation cost of the port. The equipment associated with the automated container port does play a role in improving the efficiency of port stockpiling, but the improvement of the efficiency is not qualitatively changed. The change of the structural shape of the field bridge, such as a crane road beam extending out of a portal frame, reduces the walking of the field bridge. But these changes do not provide a breakthrough improvement in the overall efficiency of the container yard.

Although the container transport truck between the container terminal and the storage yard can adopt the AGV vehicle which is unmanned and driven automatically, the human resource can be saved, the reliability and the safety of the vehicle operation are improved, and the operation efficiency of the vehicle is improved in a limited way, but the high price of the AGV vehicle is not beneficial to the popularization and the use of the AGV vehicle in the storage yard.

There is another common problem in container ports, namely that there is a process where the crane apparatus lifts a container from a vehicle or places a lifted container onto a transport vehicle, both with a vehicle aligned with the crane apparatus spreader. In the process, a plurality of auxiliary technical means are needed to detect the position difference between the two and carry out fine adjustment. Even an unmanned AGV transport vehicle may not be able to break away from this process. The process needs more time, and reduces the working efficiency of port piling plants.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic container port and a construction and installation method aiming at the defects of the prior art, so that the aims of improving the loading and unloading efficiency of containers without manual operation on site are fulfilled.

The invention provides an automatic container port, which comprises a wharf and a port yard, wherein the wharf is provided with a ship loading and unloading machine and a wharf conveying belt; the method is characterized in that: the port yard comprises a stockpiling area, a yard loading and unloading machine, a yard feeding conveyer belt and a yard conveying conveyer belt, wherein the stockpiling area is formed by combining a plurality of stockpiling bins, the stockpiling bins are connected with the yard conveying conveyer belt, the yard conveying conveyer belt is connected with a yard discharging conveyer belt through the yard feeding conveyer belt, and the yard discharging conveyer belt is connected with the loading and unloading conveyer belt; the side wall of the stacking bin is provided with a field bridge track, and two field bridge tracks of the stacking bin are provided with a field loading and unloading machine.

And two ends of the stockpiling area are respectively provided with a bearing wall, and two ends of the field bridge track are respectively fixedly connected with the bearing walls.

The field bridge track is perpendicular to the conveying conveyer belt in the stockpiling area.

The lowest point position of above-mentioned harbour yard is provided with the deep water pond, is equipped with a plurality of catchments grooves and sump pit on the diapire of piling up the storehouse, and catchment groove and sump pit are connected, are equipped with the through-hole on the lateral wall of piling up the storehouse, and the sump pit passes the through-hole on the lateral wall of piling up the storehouse through the pipeline and is connected with the water pump, has established water level monitoring sensor in the storehouse of piling up.

1. Construction of wharf

1-1, constructing a wharf;

1-2, paving walking rails on two sides of the wharf, and mounting a ship loading and unloading machine on the walking rails;

1-3, paving wharf conveyer belts on two sides of the wharf;

2. construction of storage yard

2-1, enclosing the periphery of a marine port yard by a closed cofferdam, draining water, and treating a seabed foundation;

2-2, casting the separation walls of the storage yard on site at the port storage yard, so that the elevations of the transverse separation walls are different from those of the vertical separation walls, a cavity defined by the separation walls forms storage bins, and the storage bins are distributed in rows and columns;

2-3, arranging a plurality of yard conveying belts in the direction parallel to the yard conveying belts extending from the wharf conveying belt to the yard;

2-4, laying a yard feeding conveyer belt at one end of the port yard close to the wharf, and enabling the yard feeding conveyer belt to be vertically crossed and connected with the yard conveying conveyer belt;

2-5, laying a yard discharge conveyer belt at the other end of the port yard to vertically intersect and connect with the yard conveying conveyer belt; the loading and unloading conveyor belt is laid on the port yard and is vertically crossed and connected with the yard discharging conveyor belt.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects:

1. the invention adopts the conveying belt to convey the container, is a non-vehicle transportation mode, can continuously transport the container, can turn according to a specified route, and stops at a specified position according to requirements, thereby saving the time of returning empty running and waiting for loading and unloading of vehicle transportation. When the container advances on the plane conveyer belt, the collision between the container and the container can not occur, the container can not cross operate with other machines, the whole process is unmanned operation, and the safety problem rarely occurs.

2. The conveyer belt of the invention is in non-rigid combination connection, and the whole conveyer belt is convenient to disassemble and maintain and replace. Except for a mechanical power device for variable frequency speed regulation, the device has no complicated mechanical and electrical mechanism, has low overall cost, and is more energy-saving, more environment-friendly, safer and more reliable than a vehicle transportation mode.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a portion a-a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a portion B-B in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heap bin of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.

As shown in figures 1-3, the present invention comprises a U-shaped wharf 1 and a port yard 2.

And the working surfaces on two sides of the U-shaped wharf 1 are respectively provided with a traveling rail 101, the traveling rails 101 are provided with gantry type bidirectional ship loading and unloading machines 102, and the working surfaces on two sides of the U-shaped wharf 1 are respectively provided with a wharf conveyer belt 103.

The port yard 2 includes a stockpiling area, a yard handling machine 203, a yard feed conveyor 202, and a yard feed conveyor 205. The storage area is formed by combining a plurality of rows of storage bins 204 arranged in parallel, and each row of storage bins 204 is formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of storage bins 204. A yard conveying belt 205 is arranged between every two rows of the stockpiling bins 204, and the yard conveying belt 205 is arranged outside the row of stockpiling bins 204 at the outermost end of the stockpiling area. One end of each of the plurality of yard feeding conveyor belts 205, which is close to the U-shaped dock 1, is connected to the yard feeding conveyor belt 202, so that containers on the yard feeding conveyor belt 202 can be conveyed to the yard feeding conveyor belt 205, the other end of each of the plurality of yard feeding conveyor belts is connected to the yard discharging conveyor belt 206, and the yard discharging conveyor belt 206 is connected to the handling conveyor belt 207, so that the containers can be conveyed from the yard feeding conveyor belt 205 to the handling conveyor belt 207 through the yard discharging conveyor belt 206.

And a stopper is arranged on the yard conveying conveyer belt 205.

The two side walls of each row of the stacking bins 204 are respectively provided with a field bridge track 201, two ends of the stacking area are respectively provided with a bearing wall 208, two ends of the field bridge track 201 are respectively fixedly connected with the bearing walls 208, the field bridge track 201 is perpendicular to the conveying conveyer belt 205 of the stacking area, and two field bridge tracks 201 of each row of the stacking bins 204 are provided with field loading and unloading machines 203.

As shown in fig. 4, a deep water pool is disposed at the lowest point of the port yard 2, a plurality of water collecting channels 209 and water collecting pits 210 are disposed on the bottom wall of the storage bin 204, the water collecting channels 209 are connected with the water collecting pits 210, through holes are disposed on the side wall of the storage bin 204, the water collecting pits 210 are connected with a water pump by passing through the through holes on the side wall of the storage bin 204 through pipes, a water level monitoring sensor is disposed in the storage bin 204, and forced drainage is started immediately when the water level exceeds a detection water level.

The construction of the U-shaped wharf 1 is the prior art, and the specific construction method is not described again.

The method comprises the steps that traveling rails 101 are laid on two sides of a U-shaped wharf 1, a gantry type bidirectional ship loading and unloading machine 102 is installed on the traveling rails 101, a wharf conveyer belt 103 is laid on the inner side of the traveling rails 101 of the U-shaped wharf 1, and yard feeding conveyer belts 202 are arranged on yard side bridge rails 201 in parallel and on the outer sides of the yard side bridge rails 201 and are perpendicularly crossed and connected with the wharf conveyer belts 103. Meanwhile, a plurality of yard feeding conveyor belts 205 are arranged in the direction parallel to the yard feeding conveyor belt 205 extending from the wharf conveyor belt 103 to the yard and are connected with the yard feeding conveyor belt 202 and the yard discharging conveyor belt 206 in the direction perpendicular to the edge of the yard in an intersecting manner. Thus, the entire port yard 2 is divided into a lattice by the bridge rails 201 and the vertically penetrating yard conveyance belt 205. The yard feeding conveyor belt 205, the yard feeding conveyor belt 202 and the yard discharging conveyor belt 206 form a plane transportation grid of the port yard 2.

The port yard 2 in embodiment 1 is constructed in a sunken yard design manner, which is: enclosing the periphery of the marine port yard 2 by a closed cofferdam, pumping water, and treating a seabed foundation; the method comprises the steps of laying a yard feeding conveyer belt 202, a yard conveying conveyer belt 205, a yard discharging conveyer belt 206 and a loading and unloading conveyer belt 207 on a port yard 2, casting yard partition walls on site on grids formed by the conveyer belts to enable the elevations of transverse partition walls and vertical partition walls to be different, enabling cavities defined by the partition walls to form a piling bin 204, enabling the piling bin 204 to be distributed in rows and columns, building bearing walls 208 at two ends of the port yard 2, fixing two ends of a yard track 201 to the bearing walls 208, respectively installing the yard track 201 and the yard conveying conveyer belt 205 on the partition walls, and enabling the height of the partition walls for installing the yard track 201 to be higher than that of the partition walls for installing the yard conveying conveyer belt 205.

The operation flow is as follows: when loading a ship, a container is conveyed to the yard feeding conveyor belt 205 by the yard loading and unloading machine 203, the yard feeding conveyor belt 205 conveys the container to the yard feeding conveyor belt 202, the yard feeding conveyor belt 202 conveys the container to the wharf conveyor belt 103, and the gantry type bidirectional ship loader 102 on the U-shaped wharf 1 loads the container to the ship. In the unloading process, the container is conveyed to the wharf conveyer belt 103 from the gantry type bidirectional ship unloader 102 of the U-shaped wharf 1, the wharf conveyer belt 103 conveys the container to the yard feeding conveyer belt 202, the yard feeding conveyer belt 202 conveys the container to the yard conveying conveyer belt 205 respectively, when the container moves to the position of the stopper corresponding to the yard storage 204, the stopper blocks the container to move forward continuously, the yard loader 203 moves to the upper part of the yard conveying conveyer belt 205, the spreader moves to the position right above the container simultaneously, and the spreader descends to lift the container to the designated yard storage 204.

In example 2, the port yard 2 is constructed by a design of a prefabricated caisson combined yard, and a plurality of caissons with the same specification and different heights are installed on the processed seabed level. The different heights refer to different height of the sea level for installing the caisson, and the installation foundation of the caisson with multiple elevations is used for reducing the engineering quantity of seabed ground surface treatment. The caissons are of different heights but are mounted in position so that the upper parts of the caissons are in the same horizontal plane. The caisson is manufactured by a specialized factory, is transported to a port construction site by a special ship, is unloaded from a ship, is towed to an installation position by a specialized towing ship to inject water into the caisson, and the caisson is sunk to the seabed. After all the caissons used for the port yard 2 as the container storage yard are installed in place, a structural gap is reserved between two adjacent caisson walls, the gap needs to be filled and compacted by waterproof materials, a plurality of uniformly distributed through holes are drilled above the water surfaces of the two caisson walls, steel columns penetrate through the through holes, and the two sides of the caisson walls are welded and fixed by steel plates.

It should be noted that while the invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various obvious changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An automated container port comprising a quay (1) and a port yard (2), the quay (1) being equipped with a ship loader (102) and a quay conveyor belt (103); the method is characterized in that: the port yard (2) comprises a stockpiling area, a yard loading and unloading machine (203), a yard feeding conveyer belt (202) and a yard conveying conveyer belt (205), wherein the stockpiling area is formed by combining a plurality of stockpiling bins (204), the stockpiling bins (204) are connected with the yard conveying conveyer belt (205), the yard conveying conveyer belt (205) is connected with the yard discharging conveyer belt (206) through the yard feeding conveyer belt (202), and the yard discharging conveyer belt (206) is connected with the loading and unloading conveyer belt (207); the side wall of the storage bin (204) is provided with a field bridge track (201), and two field bridge tracks (201) of the storage bin (204) are provided with a storage yard loading and unloading machine (203).

2. An automated container port according to claim 1, characterized in that: bearing walls (208) are respectively arranged at two ends of the stockpiling area, and two ends of the field bridge track (201) are respectively fixedly connected with the bearing walls (208).

3. An automated container port according to claim 1, characterized in that: the field bridge track (201) is perpendicular to the material conveying conveyer belt (205) of the stockpiling area.

4. An automated container port according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lowest point position of harbour yard (2) is provided with the deep water pond, is equipped with a plurality of catchment grooves (209) and sump pit (210) on the diapire of heap storage storehouse (204), and catchment groove (209) are connected with sump pit (210), are equipped with the through-hole on the lateral wall of heap storage storehouse (204), and through-hole and water pump connection on sump pit (210) pass heap storage storehouse (204) lateral wall through the pipeline, have established water level monitoring sensor in heap storage storehouse (204).

5. The harbor construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:

1. construction of wharf

1-1, building a wharf (1);

1-2, paving walking rails (101) on two sides of the wharf (1), and installing ship loading and unloading machines (102) on the walking rails (101);

1-3, paving wharf conveyer belts (103) on two sides of the wharf (1);

the method is characterized in that: also comprises the following steps:

construction of storage yard

2-1, enclosing the periphery of the marine port yard (2) by a closed cofferdam, draining water, and treating a seabed foundation;

2-2, casting the storage yard partition walls on site in the port storage yard (2) to ensure that the horizontal and vertical partition walls have different elevations, so that cavities defined by the partition walls form storage bins (204), and the storage bins (204) are distributed in rows and columns;

2-3, arranging a plurality of yard conveying belts (205) in a direction parallel to the yard conveying belts (205) extending from the wharf conveying belt (103) to the yard;

2-4, laying a yard feeding conveyer belt (202) at one end of the port yard (2) close to the wharf (1) so as to vertically intersect and connect the yard feeding conveyer belt (205);

2-5, laying a yard discharge conveyor belt (206) at the other end of the port yard (2) to vertically intersect and connect with a yard conveying conveyor belt (205); the loading and unloading conveyor belt is laid on the port yard (2) and is vertically crossed and connected with the yard discharge conveyor belt (206).