CN110919139A

CN110919139A - Additive manufacturing device and method

Info

Publication number: CN110919139A
Application number: CN201911284795.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任香会; 高世一; 张文杰; 易耀勇; 郑世达; 刘丹; 李苏; 王金钊; 辛杨桂
Original assignee: Yangjiang Zhongwubaton Institute Of Technology; Guangdong Welding Institute (china-Ukraine EO Paton Institute Of Welding)
Current assignee: Yangjiang Zhongwubaton Institute Of Technology; Guangdong Welding Institute (china-Ukraine EO Paton Institute Of Welding)
Priority date: 2019-12-13
Filing date: 2019-12-13
Publication date: 2020-03-27

Abstract

The invention provides an additive manufacturing device and method, and belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing. The device comprises a protection cabin and a fixed seat. The protective cabin comprises a connecting part and a transparent protective cover, one end of the connecting part is used for being connected with a clamping piece for clamping a welding gun, and the other end of the connecting part is connected with the transparent protective cover; the one end that connecting portion were kept away from to transparent safety cover is connected with the fixing base, forms the manufacturing space that is used for the vibration material disk between transparent safety cover, connecting portion and the fixing base, and transparent safety cover is equipped with the gas pocket that is used for letting in the protective gas with manufacturing the space intercommunication. Through setting up the gas pocket that is used for letting in the protective gas and setting up the safety cover into transparent safety cover, realized that the work piece is visual processing under gas protection, avoided materials such as aluminum alloy and titanium alloy arc vibration material disk under the air problem that the gas pocket easily produces. The additive manufacturing method adopts the additive manufacturing device to perform additive manufacturing, and is simple and convenient to operate and high in efficiency.

Description

Additive manufacturing device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to an additive manufacturing device and method.

Background

The additive manufacturing technology is a technology developed at the end of the last century, and at present, additive manufacturing is mainly divided into laser additive manufacturing, electron beam additive manufacturing and electric arc additive manufacturing according to different heat sources.

The laser additive manufacturing and the electron beam additive manufacturing mainly adopt a mode of melting and accumulating metal powder layer by layer to manufacture various metal components with complex structures, and the two additive manufacturing methods have high equipment cost and raw material cost and are not suitable for the additive manufacturing of aluminum alloy.

The electric arc additive manufacturing mainly adopts a mode of stacking metal wires or powder layer by layer, compared with laser additive manufacturing and electron beam additive manufacturing, the electric arc additive manufacturing has the advantages of lower cost, high forming speed and high efficiency, and can realize additive manufacturing of various materials, such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, stainless steel and the like.

However, at present, the structural performance and the mechanical performance of workpieces obtained by performing electric arc additive manufacturing on materials such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and the like are not good.

Disclosure of Invention

The first purpose of the invention comprises providing an additive manufacturing device, wherein the additive manufacturing device is provided with air holes for introducing protective gas, and the protective cabin is arranged as a protective cabin, so that the workpiece can be visually processed under the protection of gas, and the problem that air holes are easily generated in electric arc additive manufacturing of materials such as aluminum alloy and titanium alloy under the air is solved.

A second object of the present invention includes providing an additive manufacturing method that is simple and convenient to operate and efficient.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the invention provides an additive manufacturing device which comprises a protection cabin and a fixed seat.

The protective cabin comprises a connecting part and a transparent protective cover, one end of the connecting part is used for being connected with a clamping piece for clamping a welding gun, and the other end of the connecting part is connected with the transparent protective cover; the one end that connecting portion were kept away from to transparent safety cover is connected with the fixing base, forms the manufacturing space that is used for the vibration material disk between transparent safety cover, connecting portion and the fixing base, and transparent safety cover is equipped with the gas pocket that is used for letting in the protective gas with manufacturing the space intercommunication.

Further, in some embodiments, a peripheral edge of one end of the transparent protection cover away from the connecting portion is connected with one side surface of the fixing base for fixing the substrate.

In some optional embodiments, the holder is a metal holder.

Further, in some embodiments, the transparent protective cover has a plurality of cover faces, each cover face being provided with air holes.

Alternatively, the transparent protective cover has an even number of cover faces, the air holes being arranged in the optionally opposite 2 cover faces.

In some alternative embodiments, the number of overlays is 4.

In some alternative embodiments, the overlay is a high temperature resistant overlay.

In some alternative embodiments, the overcoat is a light filtering overcoat or a glass overcoat or an overcoat made by mixing a light filtering material with glass.

In some alternative embodiments, the pores have a pore size of 8mm to 12 mm.

In some alternative embodiments, the shielding gas comprises argon or helium.

Further, in some embodiments, the additive manufacturing apparatus further includes a plurality of clamping members, the plurality of clamping members are connected to the fixing base, each clamping member has a clamping end, the clamping ends of the plurality of clamping members are located on one side of the fixing base, where the side is used for fixing the substrate, and a clamping space for clamping the substrate is formed between the clamping ends of the plurality of clamping members and one side surface of the fixing base.

Further, in some embodiments, the clamping member includes a compression slide and a fastener. The pressing sliding block is arranged on one side surface, used for fixing the substrate, of the fixing seat, one end of the pressing sliding block is a clamping end, and the fastening piece, the pressing sliding block and the fixing seat are connected to fix the pressing sliding block on the fixing seat.

In some optional embodiments, the pressing slider is provided with a sliding groove, and the fastening piece is connected with the fixed seat after penetrating through the sliding groove.

In some alternative embodiments, the sliding groove is in the shape of a strip, and the fastener is slidably matched with the sliding groove to change the relative position of the clamping end and the fixed seat.

In some alternative embodiments, the number of clamping members is 4, and the clamping ends of 4 clamping members form 4 vertices of a rectangle.

In some optional embodiments, the clamping end is provided with a notch to form a clamping groove for clamping the substrate with a side surface of the fixing seat for fixing the substrate.

In some optional embodiments, the fastener is a clamping bolt, the fixing seat is provided with a threaded hole, and the clamping bolt penetrates through the sliding groove to be in threaded connection with the threaded hole of the fixing seat.

Further, in some embodiments, the clamping member further comprises a tightening member detachably connected to an end of the clamping member remote from the fixed base and configured to tighten the fastener connected to the fixed base.

In some alternative embodiments, the tightening piece is a tightening pin.

Further, in some embodiments, a seal is provided between the protective cover and the fixed seat.

In some alternative embodiments, the seal is a gasket.

Further, in some embodiments, the connection is a flexible connection.

In some optional embodiments, the material of the connecting portion is a flame-retardant and/or high-temperature-resistant material.

In addition, the invention also provides an additive manufacturing method, which is mainly used for additive manufacturing of the substrate according to the following steps:

and introducing protective gas into the transparent protective cover until the protective gas reaches a preset amount, and then performing additive manufacturing.

In some alternative embodiments, the protective gas is introduced into the transparent protective cover at a rate of 25L/min for 2-4min before the additive manufacturing.

In some alternative embodiments, the protective gas is continuously introduced at a rate of 25L/min for 5-8min after the arc quenching of the additive manufacturing.

The additive manufacturing device and method provided by the application have the beneficial effects that:

the application provides a vibration material disk device sets up the gas pocket that is used for letting in the protective gas and sets up the safety cover into transparent safety cover through the safety cover surface in the protection cabin, has realized that the work piece is visual processing under gas protection, has avoided materials such as aluminum alloy and titanium alloy electric arc vibration material disk under the air to produce the problem of gas pocket easily. The additive manufacturing device is used for additive manufacturing of materials such as aluminum alloy and titanium alloy, and is simple and convenient to operate and high in efficiency.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional structural view of an additive manufacturing apparatus provided in embodiment 1 of the present application;

fig. 2 is a partial sectional structural schematic view of a clamping member in the additive manufacturing apparatus according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of a test piece obtained after additive manufacturing was not performed under a protective atmosphere in comparative group 1 of test example 1;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of a test piece obtained after additive manufacturing under a protective atmosphere in example 2 of test example 1;

fig. 5 is a graph showing the results of the pure titanium additive test sample obtained after additive manufacturing under a protective atmosphere in test example 2.

Icon: 1-a fixed seat; 11-a threaded hole; 21-a connecting part; 22-a transparent protective cover; 221-a first overlay; 222-a second overlay; 223-a third overlay; 224-a fourth overlay; 225-air holes; 31-a hold-down slide; 311-a chute; 312-a card slot; 32-a clamping bolt; 321-auxiliary holes; 33-tightening of the parts; 4-a welding gun; 5-sample; 6-a substrate; 7-a hose; 8-protective gas supply device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships conventionally put in use of products of the present invention, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the term "vertical" or the like does not require that the components be perfectly vertical, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "vertical" merely means that the direction is more vertical than "horizontal", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly vertical, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The following examples are given to illustrate the present invention.

The inventor finds that workpieces obtained by performing arc additive manufacturing on materials such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and the like at present are generally poor in structural performance and mechanical performance, and the reason may be that: aluminum alloy and titanium alloy have strong affinity to oxygen, and air holes are easily generated in electric arc additive manufacturing under air, so that the structural property and the mechanical property of a workpiece are influenced. In view of this, the inventors have proposed the following.

The application provides an additive manufacturing device includes protection cabin and fixing base. The holders may be metal holders.

The protection cabin comprises a connecting part and a transparent protection cover, one end of the connecting part is used for being connected with a clamping piece (such as a mechanical arm or a robot arm) for clamping the welding gun, and the other end of the connecting part is connected with the transparent protection cover; the one end that connecting portion were kept away from to transparent safety cover is connected with the fixing base, forms the manufacturing space that is used for the vibration material disk between transparent safety cover, connecting portion and the fixing base, and transparent safety cover is equipped with the gas pocket that is used for letting in the protective gas with manufacturing the space intercommunication.

In the present application, the connection portion may have a truncated pyramid shape. The one end of connecting portion of keeping away from the safety cover is equipped with the through-hole of the safety cover that supplies welder to stretch into. In order to discharge harmful gas, a gap for facilitating the discharge of the harmful gas is reserved at the joint of the connecting part and the clamping piece. The connection portion is preferably a flexible connection portion, and in some alternative embodiments, the connection portion is made of a flame-retardant and/or high-temperature-resistant material. In some preferred embodiments the connection is flexible and flame resistant, high temperature resistant, such as silicone rubber coated fiberglass cloth, basalt fiber cloth, acrylic cotton cloth, Nomex cloth, SM cloth, blue fiberglass cloth, aluminum foil cloth, and the like. It should be noted that the flame-retardant material and the high-temperature resistant material may also be other corresponding materials in the prior art, and are not described herein in detail.

The transparent protective cover is made of a transparent material so as to realize real-time observation (namely visual processing) of the additive manufacturing process. Optionally, the end of the transparent protection cover, which is away from the connecting portion, is detachably connected to the fixing base, for example, the transparent protection cover may be directly rested on the fixing base, or may be detachably connected to the fixing base by means of a snap connection.

It is worth to be noted that, the protection cabin can be used in cooperation with the fixed seat and can also be used in cooperation with other bases.

When the protection cabin is used in cooperation with the fixing seat, the periphery of one end of the transparent protection cover, which is far away from the connecting portion, is connected with one side surface (defined as a first surface in the application) of the fixing seat, which is used for fixing the substrate, that is, the projection area of the transparent protection cover on the fixing surface of the fixing seat is smaller than the area of the fixing surface of the fixing seat, in other words, the size of the fixing seat is larger than that of the protection cabin. On the basis, the size of the protection cabin can also realize that the welding gun can freely travel in the protection cabin to meet the size of the part.

When the pod is used in conjunction with other bases, the size of the base may be smaller than the size of the pod to house the pod as a separate tool holder.

In this application, transparent protection cover has a plurality of top facies, and in some embodiments, every top facing all is equipped with the gas pocket, under this condition, enables the protective gas in the transparent protection cover and distributes evenly, is favorable to each position homoenergetic of sample to go on under the protection of sufficient protective gas. In other embodiments, the transparent protective cover has an even number of cover panels, and the air holes are disposed in the optionally opposing 2 cover panels. Under the condition, the whole sample is influenced by the protective gas at the horizontal position to be mutually offset, so that the sample is prevented from inclining in the processing process.

In some alternative embodiments, the number of cover faces of the transparent protective cover is 4, including first and third opposite cover faces and second and fourth opposite cover faces, the first cover face being connected on both sides to the second and fourth cover faces, respectively, and the third cover face also being connected on both sides to the second and fourth cover faces, respectively. The air holes are arranged on the first cover surface and the third cover surface or arranged on the second cover surface and the fourth cover surface. It will be appreciated that the shield is rectangular in cross-section and straight on the sides.

It should be noted that, in the present application, no special limitation is made on the opening position, number, shape, etc. of the air holes on the cover surface, and in practice, the air holes can be adjusted according to the size of the workpiece and the processing requirement.

In this application, the pores may have a diameter of 8mm to 12mm, such as 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm. By setting the aperture of the air hole to be within the range, the introduction amount of the protective gas can be effectively controlled, so that the additive manufacturing process is ensured to be carried out in the protective atmosphere all the time, and the generation of the air hole due to the affinity of oxygen or other gases to the aluminum alloy and the titanium alloy in the additive manufacturing process is avoided.

In some alternative embodiments, the overlay is a high temperature resistant overlay. The cover surface is a transparent cover surface, and the material of the cover surface can be light filtering material, glass or the combination of the light filtering material and the glass, namely the cover surface can be light filtering cover surface or glass cover surface or cover surface prepared by mixing the light filtering material and the glass. Similarly, the high temperature resistant material and the filter material can be corresponding materials in the prior art, and are not described herein.

In some alternative embodiments, the shielding gas introduced into the manufacturing space through the gas holes may include argon gas, helium gas, and a mixture of argon gas and other inert gases.

In some embodiments, each clamp member includes a compression slide and a fastener. The pressing sliding block is arranged on one side surface, used for fixing the substrate, of the fixing seat, one end of the pressing sliding block is a clamping end, and the fastening piece, the pressing sliding block and the fixing seat are connected to fix the pressing sliding block on the fixing seat.

In reference, the compressing slide block is provided with a sliding groove, and the fastener penetrates through the sliding groove and then is connected with the fixing seat. In some alternative embodiments, the sliding groove is in the shape of a strip, and the fastener is slidably matched with the sliding groove to change the relative position of the clamping end and the fixed seat. The position of the pressing sliding block on the surface of the fixed seat is adjusted to adapt to the size of the formed clamping space and the substrate, and the fastener is screwed, so that the pressing sliding block is fixed.

In some optional embodiments, the number of the clamping pieces is 4, and the clamping ends of the 4 clamping pieces form 4 vertexes of a rectangle.

Furthermore, the clamping end is provided with a notch so as to form a clamping groove for clamping the substrate with the surface of one side of the fixing seat, which is used for fixing the substrate.

In some optional embodiments, the fastening member may be a clamping bolt, and the clamping bolt is in threaded connection with the fixing base, wherein the fixing base is provided with a threaded hole, and the clamping bolt vertically penetrates through the sliding groove to be in threaded connection with the threaded hole of the fixing base. The number of the threaded holes is consistent with the number of the fasteners and is matched with the number of the threaded holes one by one. When the fastener is not tightened, the pressing slide block can not only rotate by taking the fastener as an axis, but also freely slide to change the relative position of the fastener in the sliding groove. Furthermore, the fastener's one end that is used for the fixed slider that compresses tightly still has the stopper, and this stopper butt is in compressing tightly the side surface of keeping away from the fixing base of slider, and when the back was screwed up to the fastener, this stopper then pressed in compressing tightly the side surface of keeping away from the fixing base of slider to it is fixed to compress tightly the slider. Furthermore, the fastening element can be any clamping tool that can be used to fix the pressure slide.

Further, in some embodiments, the clamping member further comprises a tightening member detachably connected to an end of the clamping member remote from the fixed base and configured to tighten the fastener connected to the fixed base. In reference, one end of the fastener far away from the fixed seat is provided with an auxiliary hole for the tightening piece to pass through. Alternatively, the tightening member may be a tightening pin (e.g., a bolt pin). Furthermore, the tightening member may be any tightening tool capable of tightening a fastener. The tightening member facilitates tightening of the clamping member. It is worth mentioning that the present application does not exclude the case of the clamping member being screwed by hand.

After the base plate is fixedly clamped, the tightening piece can be taken down, so that the space of the protection cabin is saved, and meanwhile, the welding gun is prevented from colliding with the tightening pin.

It is worth mentioning that the clamping piece in this application can also be replaced by other quick clamps, collet or frock clamp etc. can design other applicable clamping device by oneself according to part structure. Under the condition, the mounting hole can be reserved on the fixing seat, so that the quick clamping or the clamping piece can be conveniently replaced at any time when needing to be replaced.

Further, in some embodiments, a sealing member is disposed between the transparent protection cover and the fixing base to increase the sealing effect. Alternatively, the seal may be, but is not limited to, a gasket, such as a rubber ring or the like.

On the bearing, the protection cabin of the device is made of transparent materials, so that the observation in additive manufacturing is facilitated; a small hole is formed in a transparent cover of the protection cabin and used for introducing protection gas to realize visual processing of the workpiece under the protection of the gas; the flexible connecting part of the protection cabin is made of high-temperature-resistant and flame-retardant materials, so that the protection cabin is simple and convenient to use and low in price; the clamping piece is arranged on the fixing seat, so that the workpiece and the base plate can be clamped, and meanwhile, other clamping devices can be modified according to the structure of the part.

It should be noted that the additive manufacturing device provided by the present application can be used not only for arc additive manufacturing, but also for welding, such as arc welding, in which case the workpiece to be welded is mounted on the fixing base.

In addition, the invention also provides an additive manufacturing method, which adopts the additive manufacturing device to perform additive manufacturing on the substrate according to the following steps:

and introducing protective gas into the transparent protective cover until the protective gas reaches a preset amount, and then performing additive manufacturing. Wherein, transparent safety cover is connected with the fixing base of installing the base plate.

In particular, reference may be made, without limitation, to the following:

A. the substrate is mounted on the fixing base and fixed by the clamping piece. Wherein, the fixing seat can be placed on a rotary table or other table-boards of the positioner.

B. The protection cabin is placed on the fixed seat to cover the substrate. And adjusting the mechanical arm or the robot arm to enable the moving range of the welding gun to be within the range of the protection cabin.

C. Determining the initial position (namely, an arc starting point) of the welding gun, and writing an additive manufacturing program, wherein it is worth to say that additive manufacturing software can be adopted to directly perform layered calculation and path planning, and then the additive manufacturing program is automatically generated.

D. The flexible connecting portion is connected and fixed to a device (i.e., the robot arm or the robot arm) for holding the welding gun, and it is worth to say that a proper gap is left in the connecting process, so that harmful gas can be conveniently discharged.

E. Connecting a communicating pipe (such as a hose) filled with protective gas to the air hole of the transparent protective cover, and introducing the protective gas.

F. And (4) filling the protective gas into the transparent protective cover, and determining the filling time according to the size of the transparent protective cover, the number of the vent holes and the flow of the air valve.

G. And after the protective gas is fully filled in the protective cover, operating the program to perform additive manufacturing, wherein in the additive manufacturing, the protective gas is kept in a filling state.

H. And (4) additive manufacturing, arc quenching and stopping the welding gun.

I. The protective gas is continuously kept in a filling state, and the workpiece or the sample is cooled to the room temperature;

J. and stopping protective gas filling, and finishing additive manufacturing.

In some alternative embodiments, the protective gas is introduced into the transparent protective cover at a rate of 25L/min for 2-4min before the additive manufacturing. Preferably, the protective gas is continuously introduced for 5-8min at the speed of 25L/min after the arc quenching of the additive manufacturing, so that the additive manufacturing process is ensured to be carried out under the protective atmosphere.

Generally, the larger the protection cabin is, the longer the protective gas introducing time is, the time can be properly adjusted according to the number of the vent holes in the protection cover in the application, the more the number of the vent holes is introduced, and the shorter the protective gas introducing time is. In addition, the introducing time of the protective gas can be adjusted according to the flow of the regulating air valve, and the larger the flow of the air valve is, the shorter the time for introducing the protective gas in advance is.

It should be noted that the additive manufacturing method provided in the present application can also be used for welding, and the welding process is not described herein.

In summary, the additive manufacturing apparatus and method provided by the present application have the following advantages:

the method comprises the following steps of (I), performing additive manufacturing on a workpiece in a protective atmosphere, and avoiding the influence on the internal quality of the workpiece caused by the invasion of harmful gas;

the method is not only suitable for the additive manufacturing process, but also suitable for the arc welding process of various parts;

compared with the prior complex operating system and structure of vacuum electron beam, vacuum argon arc welding and other vacuum welding, the method provided by the invention has simpler and more convenient operation.

Compared with the prior vacuum electron beam and vacuum argon arc welding, the method has the advantages of no vacuum pumping link, time saving and higher efficiency.

Compared with the traditional large metal cavity for vacuum electron beam and vacuum argon arc welding and a complex control system, the cost of the method is lower and is one ten thousandth or one thousandth of the cost of the equipment.

Compared with the conventional vacuum electron beam and vacuum argon arc welding method, the method does not need a special monitoring system and instrument, and the whole additive manufacturing process can be monitored and visualized due to the adoption of the visual material.

The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 together, the present embodiment provides an additive manufacturing apparatus, which includes a protection cabin and a metal fixing seat 1. The protective cabin comprises a connecting part 21 and a transparent protective cover 22, one end of the connecting part 21 is used for being connected with a mechanical arm for clamping the welding gun 4, and the other end of the connecting part is connected with the transparent protective cover 22; one end of the transparent protection cover 22, which is far away from the connecting part 21, is connected with the fixed seat 1, a manufacturing space for additive manufacturing is formed among the transparent protection cover 22, the connecting part 21 and the fixed seat 1, and the transparent protection cover 22 is provided with an air hole 225 which is communicated with the manufacturing space and is used for introducing protection air. The shielding gas is fed into the manufacturing space via a hose 7 communicating with a shielding gas supply 8 and the manufacturing space.

Wherein, the connecting part 21 is a flexible flame-proof and high temperature resistant connecting part 21. Transparent protective cover 22 is made of glass. The periphery of the end of the transparent protective cover 22 away from the protective cabin rests on the first surface of the fixed seat 1.

The transparent protective cover 22 includes a first cover 221 and a third cover 223 opposite to each other, and a second cover 222 and a fourth cover 224 opposite to each other, wherein both sides of the first cover 221 are respectively connected to the second cover 222 and the fourth cover 224, and both sides of the third cover 223 are also respectively connected to the second cover 222 and the fourth cover 224. The air holes 225 are provided in the first cover 221 and the third cover 223. The number of the air holes 225 of each cover surface is 1, and the aperture of the air holes 225 is 8 mm. Wherein the cover surface is a high-temperature resistant glass cover surface. The protective gas is argon. A sealing member (not shown) is disposed between the transparent protection cover 22 and the fixed base 1.

The additive manufacturing device further comprises 4 clamping pieces, and the clamping ends of the 4 clamping pieces form 4 vertexes of a rectangle. Each clamping piece comprises a clamping slide 31, a clamping bolt 32 and a tightening pin. The pressing slider 31 is disposed on the first surface of the fixing base 1, one end of the pressing slider 31 is a clamping end, and the clamping bolt 32 is connected with the pressing slider 31 and the fixing base 1 to fix the pressing slider 31 on the fixing base 1. The pressing slide block 31 is provided with a strip-shaped sliding groove 311, and the clamping bolt 32 penetrates through the sliding groove 311 and then is in threaded connection with a threaded hole 11 formed in the fixed seat 1. The clamping end is provided with a notch to form a clamping groove 312 for clamping the substrate 6 with the first surface of the fixing base 1. The end of the clamping bolt 32 remote from the permanent seat 1 is provided with an auxiliary hole 321 for the passage of the tightening element 33, the tightening element 33 being detachably connected to the end of the clamping bolt 32 remote from the permanent seat 1 and serving for tightening the clamping bolt 32.

Example 2

The present embodiment provides an additive manufacturing method, which uses the additive manufacturing apparatus provided in embodiment 1 to perform additive manufacturing on a substrate 6, including the following steps:

A. the substrate 6 is mounted on the holder 1 and fixed by a clamping member. Wherein, the fixing seat 1 is arranged on a rotary table of the positioner.

B. The protection cabin is placed on the fixed seat 1 to cover the substrate 6. And adjusting the mechanical arm to enable the moving range of the welding gun 4 to be within the range of the protection cabin.

C. Determining the initial position (namely, an arc starting point) of the welding gun 4, and writing an additive manufacturing program.

D. The flexible connecting part 21 is connected and fixed with the mechanical arm, and a proper gap is reserved in the connecting process, so that harmful gas can be conveniently discharged.

E. The other end of the hose 7 through which argon gas is introduced is connected to the shielding gas supply means 8 and is inserted into the gas hole 225 of the transparent protection cover 22, and argon gas is introduced.

F. Argon gas is filled into the transparent protective cover 22.

G. And after the protective cover is determined to be filled with argon, operating a program to perform additive manufacturing, wherein in the additive manufacturing, the argon is kept in a filling state.

H. And (4) ending the additive manufacturing, extinguishing the arc, and stopping the welding gun 4.

I. The argon is continuously filled, and the sample 5 is cooled to the room temperature;

J. and stopping argon filling, and finishing the additive manufacturing or welding process.

Test example 1

The additive product obtained in example 2 is used as a test group, a comparative group 1 is arranged, and the only difference between the comparative group 1 and the test example is that the comparative group 1 is not introduced with protective gas in the additive manufacturing process, the additive manufacturing sample of the comparative group 1 is shown in fig. 3, and the additive manufacturing sample of the test group is shown in fig. 4. The results show that the additive manufactured samples of the test group have superior texture properties to the samples of the comparative group 1.

Further, mechanical properties of the samples obtained from the test group and the comparative group 1 were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1, referring to GB/T16865-2013.

TABLE 1 tensile Strength

As can be seen from table 1, the additive manufacturing test specimens of the test group had a transverse average strength of 286MPa and a longitudinal average strength of 264.3MPa, and the additive manufacturing test specimens of the comparative group 1 had a transverse strength of 244.6MPa and a longitudinal strength of 226.6 MPa. The obvious effect of improving the mechanical property of the sample is shown when the additive manufacturing is carried out in the protective atmosphere.

Test example 2

The additive manufacturing device is adopted to perform additive manufacturing on TA1 pure titanium, the technological process is as in example 1, the additive manufacturing parameters are current 125A, ion gas is 0.8L/min, wire feed speed is 1.8m/min, welding speed is 0.3m/min, protective gas flow is 17.5L/min, and a test result graph is shown in FIG. 5. The TA1 pure titanium sample after being added with the TA1 pure titanium wire (diameter is 0.1-4mm) is analyzed and compared:

1. chemical composition comparison: the method is described in GB/T3620.1-2007, and the results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 chemical composition comparison results

As can be seen from table 2: the impurity element content of both the TA1 pure titanium sample after additive manufacturing and the original pure titanium wire is within the allowable range of 'TA 1 pure titanium'; the content of C, H impurity elements in the TA1 pure titanium sample after additive manufacturing is reduced by 25 percent and 15 percent respectively compared with the TA1 pure titanium wire.

2. And (3) mechanical property comparison: the method is referred to GB/T3623-2007, and the results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 comparison of mechanical Properties

As can be seen from table 3: the strength of the TA1 pure titanium sample after additive manufacturing is 473Mpa, the elongation reaches 37 percent, and the strength and the elongation are all higher than those of the TA1 pure titanium wire.

To sum up, the vibration material disk device that this application provided has realized that the work piece is visual processing under gas protection, has avoided materials such as aluminum alloy and titanium alloy electric arc vibration material disk to produce the problem of gas pocket easily under the air. The additive manufacturing device is used for additive manufacturing of materials such as aluminum alloy and titanium alloy, and is simple and convenient to operate and high in efficiency.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An additive manufacturing device is characterized by comprising a protection cabin and a fixed seat;

the protective cabin comprises a connecting part and a transparent protective cover, one end of the connecting part is used for being connected with a clamping piece for clamping a welding gun, and the other end of the connecting part is connected with the transparent protective cover; the transparent protective cover is kept away from the one end of connecting portion with the fixing base is connected, transparent protective cover connecting portion and form the manufacturing space that is used for the vibration material disk between the fixing base, transparent protective cover be equipped with make the gas pocket that is used for letting in the protection gas of space intercommunication.

2. The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a peripheral edge of one end of the transparent protective cover, which is away from the connecting portion, is connected to one side surface of the fixing base, to which the substrate is fixed;

preferably, the fixing seat is a metal fixing seat.

3. An additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transparent protective cover has a plurality of cover faces, each of the cover faces being provided with the air holes;

or, the transparent protective cover has an even number of cover faces, the air holes being arranged in 2 of the cover faces optionally opposite;

preferably, the number of said covers is 4;

preferably, the cover surface is a high-temperature-resistant cover surface;

preferably, the cover is a filter cover or a glass cover or a cover made by mixing a filter material with glass;

preferably, the pore diameter of the air hole is 8mm-12 mm;

preferably, the shielding gas comprises argon or helium.

4. The additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of clamping members connected to the fixing base, the clamping members having clamping ends, the clamping ends of the clamping members being located on one side of the fixing base for fixing a substrate, and a clamping space for clamping a substrate being formed between the clamping ends of the clamping members and one side surface of the fixing base.

5. The additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the clamp comprises a compression slide and a fastener;

the pressing sliding block is arranged on one side surface of the fixed seat, which is used for fixing the substrate, one end of the pressing sliding block is the clamping end, and the fastening piece is connected with the pressing sliding block and the fixed seat so as to fix the pressing sliding block on the fixed seat;

preferably, the pressing sliding block is provided with a sliding groove, and the fastening piece penetrates through the sliding groove and then is connected with the fixed seat;

preferably, the sliding groove is in a strip shape, and the fastening piece is slidably matched with the sliding groove to change the relative position of the clamping end and the fixed seat;

preferably, the number of the clamping pieces is 4, and the clamping ends of 4 clamping pieces form 4 vertexes of a rectangle;

preferably, the clamping end is provided with a notch so as to form a clamping groove for clamping the substrate with the surface of one side of the fixing seat, which is used for fixing the substrate;

preferably, the fastener is a clamping bolt, the fixing seat is provided with a threaded hole, and the clamping bolt penetrates through the sliding groove and is in threaded connection with the threaded hole of the fixing seat.

6. The additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 5 wherein the clamping member further comprises a tightening member removably attached to an end of the clamping member remote from the anchor block and configured to tighten the fastener attached to the anchor block;

preferably, the tightening piece is a tightening pin.

7. The additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1 wherein a seal is provided between the transparent protective cover and the fixed seat;

preferably, the seal is a gasket.

8. An additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the connection is a flexible connection;

preferably, the material of the connecting part is a flame-retardant material and/or a high-temperature-resistant material.

9. An additive manufacturing method, characterized in that an additive manufacturing of a substrate is performed using an additive manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1-8, essentially by:

and introducing the protective gas into the transparent protective cover until the protective gas reaches a preset amount, and then performing additive manufacturing.

10. The additive manufacturing method according to claim 9, wherein the protective gas is introduced into the transparent protective cover at a speed of 25L/min for 2-4min before additive manufacturing;

preferably, the protective gas is continuously introduced for 5-8min at the speed of 25L/min after the arc quenching of the additive manufacturing.