CN110918992A - High-temperature alloy powder, additive manufacturing method and part - Google Patents
High-temperature alloy powder, additive manufacturing method and part Download PDFInfo
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- CN110918992A CN110918992A CN201911303357.6A CN201911303357A CN110918992A CN 110918992 A CN110918992 A CN 110918992A CN 201911303357 A CN201911303357 A CN 201911303357A CN 110918992 A CN110918992 A CN 110918992A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/34—Process control of powder characteristics, e.g. density, oxidation or flowability
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The high-temperature powder alloy, the additive manufacturing method and the parts provided by the invention have the advantages that the chemical components of the high-temperature powder alloy are C, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Mo, O, N, H, P, S, Si, W, B, Al, Cu and Ti, and the balance is Ni, the cracking tendency in the high-temperature alloy additive manufacturing process is eliminated by controlling the component proportion range of the C, B, Si, O, N and H elements, the microcrack defect in the workpiece is eliminated, and the uniform and compact high-temperature alloy workpiece without metallurgical defects is obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to high-temperature alloy powder, an additive manufacturing method and a part.
Background
The high-temperature alloy has good oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, medium endurance quality and creep strength at the temperature of below 900 ℃, and good cold and hot processing formability and welding performance. The high-temperature-resistant ceramic is suitable for manufacturing combustion chamber parts and other high-temperature parts of aeroengines, can be used for a long time below 900 ℃, and can reach 1080 ℃ in short-time working temperature. With the continuous development of the aviation industry, the design requirements of core components are gradually improved, more complex inner runners and thin-wall structures appear in parts, and the traditional cast-forge welding process cannot meet the design requirements. The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is a rapid manufacturing technology which takes laser as a heat source, melts metal powder layer by layer under the controlled argon or nitrogen atmosphere, and finally realizes the die-free, high-density and near-net-shape forming of metal parts. Compared with the traditional cast-forge welding technology, the selective laser melting technology has the characteristics of high forming efficiency, excellent surface quality and capability of preparing parts with complex structures. Has been widely applied in the fields of high added value such as aerospace, medical treatment, automobiles and the like. Provides a new technical approach for the low-cost, short-period and near-net-shape manufacturing of large-scale complex high-temperature alloy structural parts.
In practical application, the traditional high-temperature alloy is easy to generate tiny cracks during laser forming, so that the overall performance of parts is reduced, the rejection rate is extremely high, and the cost is overhigh. With the increase of the application of high-temperature alloy complex structural parts, the existing high-temperature alloy powder can not meet the requirements and needs to be further improved and optimized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the existing high-temperature alloy powder is easy to crack during laser forming, the invention provides the high-temperature alloy powder, the additive manufacturing method and the parts, which can effectively eliminate cracking in the high-temperature alloy additive manufacturing process.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the high-temperature alloy powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
0.01 to 0.08 percent of C, 0.50 to 2.50 percent of Co0, 20.50 to 23.00 percent of Cr20.0 to 20.0 percent of Fe17, and 0.2 to 1.00 percent of Mn0; 8.0 to 10.0 percent of Mo8, 0 to 0.008 percent of O, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of H, and less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Si; 0.20 to 1.00 percent of W, 0.002 to 0.004 percent of B and the balance of Ni.
Preferably, the composite material also comprises P, and the P is less than or equal to 0.025 percent by mass percent.
Preferably, the composite material also comprises S, and the S is less than or equal to 0.015 percent by mass.
Preferably, the alloy also comprises Al, and the Al accounts for 0.01-0.05% by mass percent.
Preferably, the copper-based alloy also comprises Cu, and the Cu accounts for 0.1-0.50% by mass percent.
Preferably, Ti is also contained, and the mass percent of Ti is 0.03-0.15%.
Preferably, the particle size of the high-temperature alloy powder is 10-150 μm.
Preferably, the working temperature of the high-temperature alloy powder is 600-1000 ℃.
The invention also provides an additive manufacturing method of the high-temperature alloy powder, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, vacuum drying is carried out on the high-temperature alloy powder.
Step 2, screening the dried high-temperature alloy powder with the particle size of 15-120 mu m, and putting the high-temperature alloy powder into a powder barrel of additive manufacturing equipment;
step 3, drawing a three-dimensional model of the part by using three-dimensional modeling software;
step 4, slicing and layering the three-dimensional model in the step 4, and determining the stacking layer thickness of each material increase step;
and 5, controlling to melt the high-temperature alloy powder by adopting laser through a vibrating mirror, and printing layer by layer according to the two-dimensional profile information until the part is molded.
The invention also provides a part prepared from the high-temperature alloy powder by adopting an additive manufacturing method, wherein the density of the part is more than 99.85%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the high-temperature alloy powder provided by the invention keeps other alloy elements in the high-temperature alloy unchanged, and controls the component proportion range of C, B, Si, O, N and H elements, so that the precipitation tendency of a precipitated phase in the solidification process of the SLM high-temperature alloy is reduced, the generation of a eutectic phase with a low melting point is reduced, the cracking tendency in the additive manufacturing process of the high-temperature alloy is eliminated, the microcrack defect in a workpiece is eliminated, and a uniform and compact high-temperature alloy workpiece without metallurgical defects is obtained.
The high-temperature alloy powder provided by the invention is used for additive manufacturing, firstly, the high-temperature alloy powder is subjected to vacuum drying, so that external elements are prevented from entering the high-temperature alloy powder, then, additive manufacturing is carried out, the preparation method is simple, the density of the part prepared by the method is more than 99.85%, the problem of cracks of the existing material in the additive manufacturing process is solved, and the overall performance of the part is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic picture of a part made from the superalloy powder of example 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a gold phase diagram of a part made from the superalloy powder of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the attached drawings, which are illustrative, but not limiting, of the present invention.
The high-temperature alloy powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
0.01 to 0.08 percent of C; 0.50% -2.50% of Co0; cr20.50% -23.00%; fe17.0% -20.0%; 0.2 to 1.00 percent of Mn0; mo8.0% -10.0%; o is less than or equal to 0.008 percent; n is less than or equal to 0.008 percent; h is less than or equal to 0.008 percent; p is less than or equal to 0.025 percent; s is less than or equal to 0.015 percent; si is less than or equal to 0.10 percent; w0.20% -1.00%; b0.002% -0.004%; 0.01 to 0.05 percent of Al; 0.1 to 0.50 percent of Cu; 0.03 to 0.15 percent of Ti0.03 percent; the remainder being Ni.
The particle size of the alloy powder is 10-150 mu m.
The alloy powder is required to be vacuumized, sealed and stored.
The working temperature of the alloy powder is 600-1000 ℃.
The high-temperature alloy powder provided by the invention keeps other alloy elements in the high-temperature alloy unchanged, and controls the component proportion range of C, B, Si, O, N and H elements, so that the precipitation tendency of a precipitated phase in the solidification process of the SLM high-temperature alloy is reduced, the generation of a eutectic phase with a low melting point is reduced, the cracking tendency in the additive manufacturing process of the high-temperature alloy is eliminated, the microcrack defect in a workpiece is eliminated, and a uniform and compact high-temperature alloy workpiece without metallurgical defects is obtained.
The invention also provides a material increase manufacturing method by adopting the high-temperature alloy powder, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, vacuum drying is carried out on the high-temperature alloy powder.
Specifically, high-temperature alloy powder is placed in a vacuum drying oven and is in an argon protective atmosphere, and vacuum heat preservation is carried out for 2 hours at the temperature of 100-130 ℃.
And 2, screening the dried high-temperature alloy powder with the particle size of 15-120 mu m.
Specifically, the powder is screened, and larger particle powder and impurities are removed to obtain fine and uniform powder with the particle size of 15-120 microns.
Step 3, filling the screened high-temperature alloy powder into a powder barrel of equipment;
step 4, drawing a three-dimensional model of the part by using three-dimensional modeling software;
and 5: slicing and layering the three-dimensional model in the step 4, and determining the stacking layer thickness of each material increase step;
specifically, the three-dimensional model is sliced and layered according to a certain thickness, namely, the three-dimensional shape information of the part is converted into a series of two-dimensional contour information.
Step 6: and melting the high-temperature alloy powder under the control of a vibrating mirror by adopting laser, printing layer by layer according to the two-dimensional profile information until the part is molded, and completely melting the metal powder in the molding process to generate metallurgical bonding.
No crack exists in the product, and the density of the formed product reaches more than 99.9 percent.
Example 1
The high-temperature alloy powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
0.06% of C, 1.1% of Co, 21% of Cr, 18.21% of Fe, 0.6% of Mn0.64% of Mo, 0.008% of O, 0.006% of N, 0% -0.001% of H, 0% -0.001% of P, 0.01% of S, 0.08% of Si, 0.64% of W, 0.002% of B, 0.04% of Al, 0.32% of Cu, 0.11% of Ti0.11% of Ni and the balance of Ni.
The high-temperature alloy part prepared from the high-temperature alloy powder in the embodiment 1 is subjected to metallographic structure observation and density detection, the metallographic detection graph is shown in fig. 1, and the density detection result is 99.85%. Thus obtaining a uniform and compact high-temperature alloy part.
Example 2
The high-temperature alloy powder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
0.07% of C, 2.3% of Co2, 22.61% of Cr22, 19.35% of FeC, 0.07% of Mn, 9.21% of Mo9, 0.001% of O0, 0.001% of N0, 0.006% of H, 0.02% of P, 0-0.008% of S, 0.1% of Si, 0.81% of W, 0.004% of B, 0.02% of Al, 0.27% of Cu, 0.08% of Ti, and the balance of Ni.
The high-temperature alloy part prepared from the high-temperature alloy powder in the embodiment 2 is subjected to metallographic structure observation and density detection, the metallographic detection graph is shown in fig. 2, and the density detection result is 99.9%. Thus obtaining a uniform and compact high-temperature alloy part.
Example 3
The high-temperature alloy powder comprises the following elements in percentage by mass:
element(s) | C | Co | Cr | Fe | Mn | Mo |
Wt/% | 0.01 | 0.5 | 20.5 | 17 | 0.2 | 8 |
Element(s) | Ni | O | N | H | P | S |
Wt/% | Bal. | 0 | 0 | 0.008 | 0.025 | 0.015 |
Element(s) | Si | W | B | Al | Cu | Ti |
Wt/% | 0.10 | 0.2 | 0.002 | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.05 |
Example 4
The high-temperature alloy powder comprises the following elements in percentage by mass:
element(s) | C | Co | Cr | Fe | Mn | Mo |
Wt/% | 0.08 | 2.5 | 23 | 20 | 1 | 10 |
Element(s) | Ni | O | N | H | P | S |
Wt/% | Bal. | 0.008 | 0.008 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Element(s) | Si | W | B | Al | Cu | Ti |
Wt/% | 0 | 1 | 0.004 | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.15 |
Example 5
The high-temperature alloy powder comprises the following elements in percentage by mass:
element(s) | C | Co | Cr | Fe | Mn | Mo |
Wt/% | 0.05 | 1.5 | 22 | 18 | 0.6 | 9 |
Element(s) | Ni | O | N | H | P | S |
Wt/% | Bal. | 0.004 | 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
Element(s) | Si | W | B | Al | Cu | Ti |
Wt/% | 0.005 | 0.4 | 0.003 | 0.025 | 0.3 | 0.1 |
Example 6
The high-temperature alloy powder comprises the following elements in percentage by mass:
element(s) | C | Co | Cr | Fe | Mn | Mo |
Wt/% | 0.01 | 2 | 19 | 17.5 | 0.8 | 8.5 |
Element(s) | Ni | O | N | H | P | S |
Wt/% | Bal. | 0.002 | 0.007 | 0.006 | 0.01 | 0.005 |
Element(s) | Si | W | B | Al | Cu | Ti |
Wt/% | 0 | 0.8 | 0.0035 | 0.04 | 0.1 | 0.15 |
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-temperature alloy powder is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
0.01 to 0.08 percent of C, 0.50 to 2.50 percent of Co0, 20.50 to 23.00 percent of Cr20.0 to 20.0 percent of Fe17, and 0.2 to 1.00 percent of Mn0; 8.0 to 10.0 percent of Mo8, 0 to 0.008 percent of O, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.008 percent of H, and less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Si; 0.20 to 1.00 percent of W, 0.002 to 0.004 percent of B and the balance of Ni.
2. A superalloy powder according to claim 1, further comprising P, in mass percent, 0.025%.
3. A superalloy powder according to claim 1, further comprising S, wherein S is 0.015% or less by mass.
4. A superalloy powder according to claim 1, further comprising 0.01-0.05% Al by mass.
5. A superalloy powder according to claim 1, further comprising Cu, in mass percent, 0.1-0.50%.
6. A superalloy powder according to claim 1, further comprising Ti, in mass percent, Ti 0.03-0.15%.
7. A superalloy powder according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the superalloy powder is 10-150 μm.
8. The superalloy powder of claim 1, wherein the operating temperature of the superalloy powder is 600-1000 ℃.
9. A method of additive manufacturing of a superalloy powder according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
step 1, vacuum drying is carried out on the high-temperature alloy powder.
Step 2, screening the dried high-temperature alloy powder with the particle size of 15-120 mu m, and putting the high-temperature alloy powder into a powder barrel of additive manufacturing equipment;
step 3, drawing a three-dimensional model of the part by using three-dimensional modeling software;
step 4, slicing and layering the three-dimensional model in the step 4, and determining the stacking layer thickness of each material increase step;
and 5, controlling to melt the high-temperature alloy powder by adopting laser through a vibrating mirror, and printing layer by layer according to the two-dimensional profile information until the part is molded.
10. A part made using the superalloy powder of any of claims 1-8 and using an additive manufacturing process, wherein the part has a density of greater than 99.85%.
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Cited By (5)
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CN112095036A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2020-12-18 | 中国航发上海商用航空发动机制造有限责任公司 | Molded article having low anisotropy in stretching, molding method, and molded powder thereof |
CN112095037A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2020-12-18 | 中国航发上海商用航空发动机制造有限责任公司 | Molded article having high-temperature durability and low anisotropy, molding method, and molded powder |
CN113061783A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-02 | 江苏图南合金股份有限公司 | High-temperature alloy seamless special pipe and production method thereof |
CN113305285A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-27 | 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 | Nickel-based superalloy metal powder for additive manufacturing |
CN114015922A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-02-08 | 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 | Cobalt-based high-temperature alloy metal powder material for additive manufacturing and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114015922A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-02-08 | 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 | Cobalt-based high-temperature alloy metal powder material for additive manufacturing and preparation method thereof |
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CN113061783A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-02 | 江苏图南合金股份有限公司 | High-temperature alloy seamless special pipe and production method thereof |
CN113305285A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-27 | 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 | Nickel-based superalloy metal powder for additive manufacturing |
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